JP2011237344A - Automatic analysis device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic analysis device which can improve reliability in dispensing performance.SOLUTION: A dispensing mechanism control unit 13 controls a probe, an arm, and a reaction disk to make the probe dispense a solution to a reaction tube. A photographing unit 19 photographs at least one of the dispensing probe and the reaction tube during the dispensation and generates data of a comparison image with respect to the current dispensation. A determination unit 23 compares the generated comparison image and a reference image in a normal dispensation according to comparison items, and determines whether the current dispensation is conducted normally. A notification unit 25 indicates the determination result of the determination unit 23.

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic analyzer that dispenses a solution such as a sample or a reagent into a reaction tube using a probe.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, an automatic analyzer dispenses a solution such as a sample or a reagent into a reaction tube under constant temperature with a probe. Then, the automatic analyzer stirs the dispensed sample and reagent to cause a chemical reaction. The automatic analyzer measures this chemical reaction with a photometric system, and analyzes the component amount of the sample based on the measurement result.

  The measurement performance is improved by correctly dispensing the solution into the reaction tube by the probe. Therefore, the dispensing performance is one of the key factors affecting the measurement performance, and the maintenance of units such as probes related to dispensing is very important.

  However, since the solution has different components and physical properties, the unit is stained differently depending on the facility used. Due to this contamination factor, it is difficult to uniformly consider the maintenance time of the probe and the reaction tube. Accordingly, it is difficult to maintain and manage the dispensing performance, and the reliability of the dispensing performance is not sufficiently obtained.

JP-A-6-242126

  An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic analyzer capable of improving the reliability of dispensing performance.

  The automatic analyzer according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a probe capable of dispensing a solution, a support mechanism for supporting the probe so as to be movable, and a reaction tube capable of storing the solution movably held at a discharge position. A disc that controls the probe, the support mechanism, and the disc to cause the reaction tube to dispense the solution to the probe, the probe being dispensed, and the reaction tube The imaging unit that captures at least one of the images and generates data of a comparison image related to the current dispensing, the comparison image generated by the imaging unit and the reference image related to normal dispensing are compared according to the comparison item, and the current A determination unit that determines whether or not dispensing has been performed normally, and a notification unit that notifies the determination result of the determination unit.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, provision of the automatic analyzer which can improve the reliability of dispensing performance is implement | achieved.

The figure which shows the structure of the automatic analyzer which concerns on 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the external appearance of the analysis mechanism provided in the housing | casing of the automatic analyzer of FIG. The figure which shows typically the state at the time of the probe being arrange | positioned in the discharge position at the time of normal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the state in which the probe is discharging the solution at the time of normal dispensing. The figure which shows the position shift of the probe which occurs at the time of abnormal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the mode of the bending | flexion of a locus | trajectory of the solution in the middle of the dispensing which occurs at the time of abnormal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the mode of scattering of the solution in the middle of dispensing which occurs at the time of abnormal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the mode of the liquid running out of the solution in the middle of dispensing which occurs at the time of abnormal dispensing. The figure which shows an example of the determination process regarding the presence or absence of the shift | offset | difference of the position pattern of the probe by the determination part of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the determination process regarding the presence or absence of the shift | offset | difference of the outflow pattern of the solution by the determination part of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the monitoring reagent setting screen displayed by the display part of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the determination result screen displayed by the display part of FIG. The figure which shows a mode that the probe is discharging the solution in the reaction tube at the time of normal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the probe and solution after solution discharge at the time of normal dispensing. The figure which shows typically the probe and solution after solution discharge at the time of abnormal dispensing. The figure which shows an example of the determination process regarding the presence or absence of the shift | offset | difference of the position pattern of the probe in the reaction tube by the determination part of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the determination process regarding the presence or absence of a shift | offset | difference of the distribution pattern by the determination part of FIG. The figure which shows the example of installation of the small camera which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an automatic analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the current automatic analyzer, the dispensing operation by the probe can be roughly classified into two types. The first type is a type in which the solution is discharged from the upper part of the reaction tube without allowing the tip of the probe to enter the reaction tube. The second type is a type that discharges the solution by bringing the tip of the probe into contact with the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube. The dispensing operation according to the first embodiment targets the first type, and the dispensing operation according to the second embodiment targets the second type.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an automatic analyzer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the automatic analyzer according to the present embodiment includes an operation unit 11, an analysis mechanism control unit 13, an analysis mechanism drive unit 15, an analysis mechanism 17, a photographing unit 19, a storage unit 21, a determination unit 23, and a notification. Unit 25 and system control unit 27.

  The operation unit 11 includes a pointing device such as a mouse or a trackball, a selection device such as a switch button, or an input device such as a keyboard. The operation unit 11 supplies an operation signal corresponding to the operation of the input device by the operator to the system control unit 31. Thereby, the operation unit 11 receives various instructions and measurement conditions from the operator.

  The analysis mechanism control unit 13 sets measurement conditions in accordance with instructions from the operator via the operation unit 11, and supplies a control signal corresponding to the set measurement conditions to the analysis mechanism drive unit 15. The analysis mechanism drive unit 15 supplies a drive signal corresponding to the control signal from the analysis mechanism control unit 13 to the analysis mechanism 17 to perform an operation corresponding to the measurement condition. The analysis mechanism 17 is provided on a stage on the housing of the automatic analyzer.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an appearance of the analysis mechanism 17 provided in the housing 50. As shown in FIG. 2, a reaction disk 52 is provided at the center of the stage 50. The reaction disk 52 is installed in the reaction tank. The reaction disk 52 holds a plurality of reaction tubes 54 arranged on the circumference. The reaction disk 52 repeats rotation and stop in a predetermined cycle.

  A sample disk 56 is arranged in the vicinity of the reaction disk 52. The sample disk 56 holds a sample container 58 for containing a sample. The sample disk 56 rotates so that a specific sample container 58 is positioned at a predetermined sample suction position.

  A first reagent storage 60 is disposed in the vicinity of the reaction disk 52. The first reagent storage 60 holds a plurality of reagent containers in which a first reagent that selectively reacts with each measurement item of a sample is accommodated. The first reagent storage 60 rotates so that a specific reagent container is positioned at a predetermined first reagent suction position.

  A second reagent storage 64 is arranged inside the reaction disk 52. The second reagent store 64 holds a plurality of reagent containers 62 in which second reagents corresponding to the first reagent are stored. The second reagent storage 64 rotates so that the specific second reagent container 62 is positioned at a predetermined second reagent suction position.

  A sample arm 66A is disposed between the reaction disk 52 and the sample disk 56. A sample probe 68A is attached to the tip of the sample arm 66A. The sample arm 66A places the sample probe 68A at the sample suction position on the sample disk 56, and sucks the sample in the sample container 58 arranged at the sample suction position by a predetermined amount. When the sample is inhaled, the sample arm 66A raises the sample probe 68A, rotates the sample probe 68A along the rotation path, and arranges it at the sample discharge position on the reaction disk 52. Then, the sample arm 66A lowers the sample probe 68A toward the inside of the reaction tube 54 by a predetermined amount. When the predetermined amount is lowered, the sample probe 68A discharges the sample to the reaction tube. Thereafter, the sample arm 66A raises the sample probe 68A, rotates it along the rotation path, and moves it again to the sample suction position.

  A first reagent arm 66B is disposed between the reaction disk 52 and the first reagent storage 60. A first reagent probe 68B is attached to the tip of the first reagent arm 66B. The first reagent arm 66B arranges the first reagent probe 68B at the first reagent suction position on the first reagent storage 60, and only a predetermined amount of the first reagent in the reagent container placed at the first reagent suction position. Inhale. When the first reagent is inhaled, the first reagent arm 66B raises the first reagent probe 68B, rotates the first reagent probe 68B along the rotation path, and the first reagent discharge position on the reaction disk 52. To be placed. Then, the first reagent probe 68B discharges the first reagent to the reaction tube 54. Thereafter, the first reagent arm 66B rotates the first reagent probe 68B along the rotation path and arranges it in the cleaning pool 67B. The first reagent probe 68B cleaned in the cleaning pool 67B moves to the first reagent suction position again as necessary.

  A second reagent arm 66 </ b> C is disposed near the outer periphery of the reaction disk 52. A second reagent probe 68C is attached to the tip of the second reagent arm 66C. The second reagent arm 66C places the second reagent probe 68C at the second reagent inhalation position on the second reagent storage 64, and supplies a predetermined amount of the second reagent in the reagent container 62 arranged at the second reagent inhalation position. Just inhale. When the second reagent is inhaled, the second reagent arm 66C raises the second reagent probe 68C, rotates the second reagent probe 68C along the rotation path, and the second reagent discharge position on the reaction disk 52. To be placed. Then, the second reagent probe 68C discharges the second reagent to the reaction tube 54. Thereafter, the second reagent arm 66C rotates the second reagent probe 68C along the rotation path and arranges it in the cleaning pool 67C. The second reagent probe 68C cleaned in the cleaning pool 67C moves again to the second reagent suction position as necessary.

  A stirring system 70 is provided near the outer periphery of the reaction disk 52. The stirring system 70 has a stirring bar. When the reaction tube 54 is stopped at the stirring position on the reaction disk 52, the stirring system 70 uses a stirring bar to mix the sample and the first reagent in the reaction tube 54, the sample, the first reagent, and the second reagent. Stir the mixture.

  A photometric system is provided inside the reaction disk 52. The photometric system measures the liquid mixture inside the reaction tube 54. The measurement result obtained by photometry is displayed on the display unit 27.

  The photographing unit 19 optically photographs the probe 68 to be monitored during dispensing, and generates data of an image related to the current dispensing performed by the probe 68 (hereinafter referred to as a comparative image). . Specifically, the photographing unit 19 includes a small camera (72 in FIG. 2) and an A / D converter (not shown). The small camera 72 is installed at the upper surface position of the housing 50 capable of photographing the probe 68 being dispensed. The small camera 72 includes an image pickup device such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. The small camera 72 receives light and outputs an analog video signal. The A / D converter digitally converts an analog video signal output from the small camera 72 to generate digital comparison image data. The generated comparison image data is supplied to the storage unit 23.

  The “probe” in the first embodiment is a general term for the first reagent probe 68B and the second reagent probe 68C, and is used when the first reagent probe 68B and the second reagent probe 68C are not distinguished. . The “solution” in the first embodiment is a general term for the first reagent dispensed by the first reagent probe 68B, the second reagent dispensed by the second reagent probe 68C, etc. It is used when not.

  The storage unit 21 temporarily stores the comparison image data generated by the photographing unit 19. Further, the storage unit 21 stores data of an image (hereinafter referred to as a reference image) generated in the past by the imaging unit 19 and related to normal dispensing performed by the probe 68. It is assumed that the probe 68 at the time of capturing a reference image is typically an unused product and is not soiled. The reference image is used as a pattern of a dispensing operation performed normally.

  The determination unit 23 reads the comparison image data and the reference image data from the storage unit 23, compares them according to the comparison items, and determines whether or not the current dispensing is normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. More specifically, the determination unit 23 compares the position pattern of the probe 68 and the solution outflow pattern depicted in the comparison image with the position pattern and solution outflow pattern of the probe 68 depicted in the reference image, It is determined whether or not the current dispensing has been performed normally. The determination unit 23 generates a normal signal when it is determined that the dispensing operation is normal, and generates an abnormal signal when it is determined that the dispensing operation is abnormal. Each generated signal is supplied to the notification unit 25 via the system control unit 31.

  The notification unit 25 notifies the operator of the determination result by the determination unit 23. More specifically, when the normal signal is supplied from the system control unit 31, the notification unit 25 notifies that the dispensing has been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. When the abnormal signal is supplied, the notification unit 25 notifies that the dispensing has not been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. Specifically, the notification unit 25 includes a display unit 27 and a printing unit 29.

  When the normal signal is supplied, the display unit 27 displays on the display device that the dispensing has been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. When the abnormal signal is supplied, the display unit 27 displays on the display device that the dispensing has not been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. The display unit 27 can also display a monitoring solution selection screen.

  When the normal signal is supplied, the printing unit 29 prints on the printer paper that the dispensing has been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68 and outputs the result. When the abnormality signal is supplied, the printing unit 29 prints on the printer paper that the dispensing has not been normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68 and outputs the result.

  The system control unit 31 controls the respective units included in the automatic analyzer. For example, the system control unit 31 controls each unit according to the operation signal from the operation unit 11, the type of the monitoring probe 68, and the type of the monitoring solution, thereby performing a monitoring process unique to the first embodiment. Execute. In the monitoring process, the system control unit 31 monitors the dispensing by the probe 68 in the imaging unit 19, determines whether the dispensing by the probe 68 is normally performed, and notifies the operator of the determination result.

  First, the difference between the position pattern / solution discharge pattern of the probe 68 at the time of normal dispensing and the position pattern / solution discharge pattern of the probe 68 at the time of abnormal dispensing, that is, at the time of abnormal dispensing will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a state at the time when the probe 68 is arranged at the discharge position P1 during normal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the probe 68 is arranged to coincide with the solution discharge position P1 during normal dispensing. Further, the discharge target reaction tube 54 is accurately arranged by the reaction disk 52 at the solution discharge position P1. That is, the reaction tube 54 is arranged so that the central axis thereof substantially coincides with the solution discharge position P1. The probe 68 is also arranged by the arm 66 so that its central axis substantially coincides with the solution discharge position P1. That is, the probe 68 is arranged so that the central axis of the probe 68 and the central axis of the reaction tube 54 substantially coincide with each other. At this time, the central axis of the probe 68 is oriented in a substantially vertical direction so that the solution is surely discharged into the reaction tube 54. When arranged at the solution discharge position P1, the probe 68 starts to discharge the solution.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the probe 68 is discharging the solution during normal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 4, during normal dispensing, the solution is discharged straight from the tip of the reaction tube 54 along the vertical direction. That is, the solution at the time of normal dispensing draws a linear trajectory along the vertical direction from the tip of the probe 68 to the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54.

  Next, abnormal dispensing will be described. The cause of the abnormal dispensing is the displacement of the probe 68 from the solution discharge position P1 during discharge. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the positional deviation of the probe 68 that occurs during abnormal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 5, the probe 68 may not be accurately positioned at the target solution discharge position P1. This is due to the deterioration of the positioning accuracy of the probe 68 by the arm 66 due to deterioration over time or contact with the arm 66 or the probe 68 by an operator or the like. If not positioned correctly, the solution may splash out of the reaction tube 54. Further, even if the solution is discharged into the reaction tube 54, the solution adheres to the inner surface of the reaction tube 54, and the discharge accuracy deteriorates. In this case, the amount of the solution in the reaction tube 54 is insufficient, and the reliability of the measurement result is deteriorated. Moreover, since the ejection of the solution has an effect of stirring the solution in the reaction tube 54, the effect is reduced if the probe 68 is not positioned accurately.

  Thus, the position pattern of the probe 68 at the time of abnormal dispensing shifts from the position pattern of the probe 68 at the normal time. In other words, if the position pattern of the probe 68 to be monitored is compared with the position pattern of the probe 68 in a normal state, it can be determined whether or not the positioning accuracy of the probe 68 has decreased.

  The main cause of abnormal dispensing is contamination of the inner wall of the probe 68. If the inner wall of the probe 68 is contaminated, the locus of the solution being dispensed bends, the solution scatters, or the liquid breakage worsens.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the state of trajectory bending of the solution being dispensed that occurs during abnormal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 6, when the inner wall of the probe 68 is dirty, the solution discharged from the probe 68 draws a bent locus without drawing a straight locus along the vertical direction. For this reason, the solution may adhere to the inner surface of the reaction tube 54. Further, when the dirt is severe, there is a possibility that the solution is not accurately dispensed into the reaction tube 54. As a result, the amount of the solution in the reaction tube 54 becomes insufficient, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the measurement result.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the state of scattering of the solution being discharged that occurs during abnormal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 7, if the inner wall of the probe 68 is dirty, the solution may not be ejected linearly and may scatter. For this reason, the solution may adhere to the inner surface of the reaction tube 54. Further, when the dirt is severe, there is a possibility that the scattered solution is not dispensed into the reaction tube 54. As a result, the amount of the solution in the reaction tube 54 becomes insufficient, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the measurement result.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the state of the liquid running out during the abnormal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 8, if the inner wall of the probe 68 is dirty, a solution swollen by bubbles may be generated at the tip of the probe 68 after ejection. If the liquid runs out, the inhaled solution is not completely discharged from the probe 68 even after the dispensing operation is completed, and scattering is likely to occur. For this reason, the amount of the solution in the reaction tube 54 is insufficient, leading to deterioration of the reliability of the measurement result.

  Thus, the solution discharge pattern at the time of abnormal dispensing shifts from the solution discharge pattern at the normal time. That is, by comparing the discharge pattern of the solution dispensed from the monitoring target probe 68 with the normal solution discharge pattern, it can be determined whether or not the probe 68 is dirty. The displacement of the discharge pattern varies depending on the physical properties of the solution. For example, a solution having a high viscosity or foaming property has a higher degree of distortion of the solution trajectory, running out of liquid, or splashing, and an increase in deviation from the solution discharge pattern during normal operation. Therefore, if a solution having high viscosity and foamability is set as a monitoring solution, the presence or absence of contamination of the probe 68 can be determined with higher accuracy.

  As described above, the comparative image and the reference image are generated by fixed point shooting. Therefore, if the probe 68 to be monitored is accurately arranged at the solution discharge position P1, the probe 68 in the comparison image and the probe 68 in the reference image are drawn at the same coordinates. Further, if the solution is normally discharged from the monitoring target probe 68, the solution in the comparison image and the solution in the reference image are drawn at the same coordinates. In other words, if the monitoring target probe 68 is not accurately arranged, the probe 68 in the comparison image and the probe 68 in the reference image are drawn at different coordinate positions. Moreover, if the solution is not normally discharged from the probe 68 to be monitored, the solution in the comparative image and the solution in the reference image are drawn at different positions.

  In the determination process, the determination unit 23 compares the position pattern of the probe 68 in the comparison image with the position pattern of the probe 68 in the reference image as one of the comparison items. More directly, the coordinate position of the probe 68 on the comparison image is compared with the coordinate position of the probe 68 on the reference image. The determination unit 23 compares the solution discharge pattern in the comparison image with the solution discharge pattern in the reference image as one of the comparison items. More directly, the coordinate position of the solution on the comparison image is compared with the coordinate position of the solution on the reference image. Based on these pattern comparisons, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not dispensing is normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. The pattern comparison method may be performed by any existing image processing. For example, the position pattern of the probe 68 and the solution discharge pattern are compared based on the difference image between the comparison image and the reference image.

  Hereinafter, the determination process based on the difference image will be specifically described. First, as a pre-process for generating a difference image, the comparison image and the reference image are normalized so that the pixel value ranges of the comparison image and the reference image are the same. Next, the normalized comparison image and reference image are converted from a color image to a monochrome image. Then, a monochrome reference image is subtracted from the monochrome comparison image to generate monochrome difference image data. By determining whether or not the probe is depicted in the generated difference image, it is determined whether or not the probe position pattern is shifted. Further, by determining whether or not the solution is depicted in the generated difference image, it is determined whether or not there is a shift in the discharge pattern of the solution.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a determination process related to the presence or absence of deviation of the probe position pattern by the determination unit 23. As shown in FIG. 9A, when the probe 68 to be monitored is accurately arranged, the position of the probe 681 on the comparison image I1 and the coordinate position of the probe 682 on the reference image I2 are the same. It is. Therefore, the probe 68 is not drawn on the difference image I3. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the probe 68 to be monitored is not accurately arranged, the coordinate position of the probe 684 on the comparison image I4 and the coordinate position of the probe 682 on the reference image I2 Is different. Therefore, the probe 684 derived from the comparison image I4 and the probe 682 derived from the reference image I2 are depicted on the difference image I5.

  In the monitoring process, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not a probe is drawn at a coordinate position (hereinafter, referred to as a normal probe position) where a correctly arranged probe is drawn on the difference image. The normal probe position is, for example, the coordinate position of the probe 682 drawn on the reference image I2 in FIG. As an example of the determination process, first, the determination unit 23 performs threshold processing on the difference image using a pixel value slightly lower than a pixel value that can be taken by the probe as a threshold, and sets a pixel value “1” to a pixel having a pixel value equal to or higher than the threshold. The pixel value “0” is assigned to pixels having a pixel value equal to or smaller than the threshold value, and a binary image is generated. Then, the determination unit 23 counts pixels having the pixel value “1” among the pixels at the normal probe position on the binarized image. When the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the probe is drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is not arranged accurately. Therefore, when it is determined that the probe is drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image, the determination unit 23 does not correctly arrange the monitoring target probe 68, that is, normal dispensing is performed by the monitoring target probe 68. Is determined not to be performed. On the other hand, when the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” does not exceed the predetermined threshold, it is determined that the probe is not drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is accurately arranged. Therefore, when it is determined that the probe is not drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image, the determination unit 23 correctly arranges the monitoring target probe 68, that is, normal dispensing by the monitoring target probe 68. Is determined to have been performed.

  Next, the determination process regarding the presence or absence of deviation of the solution ejection pattern will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of determination processing regarding the presence / absence of deviation of the solution ejection pattern by the determination unit 23. As shown in FIG. 10A, when the probe 68 to be monitored is not dirty, the coordinate position of the solution L6 on the comparison image I6 and the coordinate position of the solution L7 on the reference image I7 are the same. . Accordingly, no solution is drawn on the difference image I8. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the monitoring target probe 68 is dirty, the coordinate position of the solution L9 on the comparison image I9 is different from the coordinate position of the solution L7 on the reference image I7. . Therefore, the solution L9 derived from the comparison image I9 and the solution L7 derived from the reference image I7 are drawn on the difference image I10.

  In the monitoring process, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not the solution is depicted at a coordinate position (hereinafter, referred to as a normal solution position) where the normally ejected solution is depicted on the difference image. The normal solution position is, for example, the coordinate position of the solution L7 drawn on the reference image I7 in FIG. As an example of the determination process, first, the determination unit 23 performs threshold processing using the minimum pixel value that can be taken by the solution as a first threshold value and the second threshold value that can be taken by the solution, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value. A pixel value “1” is assigned to a pixel having a pixel value within a range between the threshold and a pixel value “0” is assigned to a pixel having a pixel value outside the range, thereby generating a binary image. Then, the determination unit 23 counts pixels having the pixel value “1” among the pixels at the normal solution position on the binarized image. When the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that the solution is drawn at the normal solution position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is dirty. Accordingly, when it is determined that the solution is depicted at the normal solution position, the determination unit 23 determines that the monitoring target probe 68 is not soiled, that is, normal dispensing is not performed by the monitoring target probe 68. To do. On the other hand, when the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” does not exceed the predetermined threshold, it is determined that the solution is not drawn at the normal solution position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is not dirty. Therefore, when it is determined that the solution is not drawn at the normal solution position, the determination unit 23 determines that the monitoring target probe 68 is not dirty, that is, normal dispensing is performed by the monitoring target probe 68. To do.

  Note that the above-described determination processing regarding the presence or absence of contamination of the probe 68, that is, the presence or absence of displacement of the solution ejection pattern, has been described by taking as an example the positional deviation of the locus of the solution being ejected. However, this determination process is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to the displacement of the solution resulting from the scattering of the solution or the lack of solution.

  Hereinafter, an operation example of the automatic analyzer in the monitoring process according to the first embodiment will be described. In the following description, it is assumed that the probes 68 are a first reagent probe 68B and a second reagent probe 68C. In this case, two small cameras are prepared, one on the housing 50 and installed near the first reagent discharge position, and the other is installed near the second reagent discharge position. More specifically, each small camera is installed at a position where the imaging field of view includes the solution ejection positions of the reagent probes 68B and 68C.

  The monitoring process can be performed even during the analysis of the sample or during the maintenance that is performed when the automatic analyzer is activated or terminated.

  At the start of maintenance, the display unit 27 displays a monitoring reagent setting screen for setting a monitoring reagent. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the monitoring reagent setting screen displayed by the display unit 27. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, a list of first reagents and a list of second reagents are displayed on the setting screen. The operator sets the first reagent and the second reagent for monitoring on this list via the operation unit 11. In FIG. 11, CRP-1 is set as the first reagent for monitoring, and GGT-2 is set as the second reagent. As the monitoring reagent, one having a high viscosity or foaming property that increases the deviation of the discharge pattern of the solution from that during normal dispensing is preferable. Note that the monitoring reagent may be a reagent that is actually used at the time of analysis or a reagent prepared for monitoring. The monitoring dedicated test solution is preferably, for example, a surfactant added to a highly viscous solution to make it foamable.

  When the monitoring reagent is set, the system control unit 31 dispenses the set first reagent for monitoring by the first reagent probe 68B, and also sets the set second reagent for monitoring as the second reagent. Setting conditions are set such that the probe 68C dispenses.

  The system control unit 31 starts the monitoring process when an operator or the like gives an instruction to start the monitoring process via the operation unit 11. In the monitoring process, the analysis mechanism control unit 13 controls the dispensing mechanism driving unit 15 under the set conditions to drive the dispensing mechanisms 17 such as the first reagent probe 68B, the second reagent probe 68C, and the reaction disk 52. .

  When the first reagent probe 68B that has inhaled the first reagent for monitoring is arranged at the first reagent discharge position, the imaging unit 19 starts fixed-point imaging of the first reagent probe 68B using the small camera 72. When the first reagent probe 68B finishes discharging the first reagent for monitoring, the imaging unit 19 ends the fixed point imaging. During the imaging period, comparison image data relating to the first reagent probe 68B is repeatedly generated by the imaging unit 19 and supplied to the determination unit 23 via the storage unit 21. Note that the length of the imaging period for the first reagent probe 68B by the imaging unit 19 is always constant. The shooting period is, for example, 1 second or less.

  Similarly, when the second reagent probe 68C that has inhaled the second reagent for monitoring is placed at the second reagent discharge position, the imaging unit 19 uses the small camera 72 to start fixed point imaging of the second reagent probe 68C. To do. When the second reagent probe 68C finishes discharging the second reagent for monitoring, the imaging unit 19 ends the fixed point imaging. Note that the length of the imaging period of the second reagent probe 68C by the imaging unit 19 is always constant, for example, 1 second or less.

  Upon receiving the comparison image data, the determination unit 23 reads the reference image data from the storage unit 21, performs image processing on the read reference image and the comparison image, and performs the above-described determination process. Note that the reference image and the comparison image are taken at the same shooting start timing, shooting period, and shooting end timing. If the comparison image and the reference image are generated after the same time has elapsed from the start of imaging, it is estimated that the probes depicted in each image are related to the same operation timing. Therefore, the determination unit 23 performs the above-described determination process by performing image processing on the comparison image and the reference image generated after the same time has elapsed from the start of shooting, and determines whether normal dispensing has been performed. When it is determined that normal dispensing has been performed, the determination unit 23 supplies a normal signal to the display unit 27. On the other hand, when it is determined that normal dispensing has not been performed, the determination unit 23 supplies an abnormal signal to the display unit 27.

  When such a determination process is performed, the display unit 27 displays a determination result screen indicating the result of the determination process. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a determination result screen displayed by the display unit 27. As shown in FIG. 12, the determination result screen has a display column for the name of the probe to be monitored, a display column for necessity of maintenance, and a display column for the last execution date of maintenance. The determination result by the determination unit 23 is displayed in the display column of necessity of maintenance. That is, when it is determined that the monitoring target probe 68 is normally dispensing, “NO” is displayed. If it is determined that the monitoring target probe 68 is not normally dispensing, “necessary” is displayed. By displaying “required”, the display unit 27 informs the operator that the maintenance of the probe 68 such as cleaning, replacement, and confirmation of the positioning accuracy of the probe 68 is necessary. The date of the last maintenance for the probe 68 is displayed in the last maintenance date display field. By displaying the maintenance history in this way, the display unit 27 can request the operator to perform maintenance periodically.

  In addition, the display method of the result of the determination part 23 is not limited only to the above-mentioned method. For example, the display color of “probe” displayed in the probe name display field may be switched according to the determination result. For example, when it is determined that dispensing has been performed normally, black is displayed. When it is determined that dispensing has not been performed normally, red is displayed.

  With the configuration described above, the automatic analyzer according to the first embodiment captures the monitoring target probe 68 during the dispensing operation with the small camera 72 and generates comparison image data regarding the monitoring target probe 68. In addition, reference image data relating to the probe 68 that is generated in advance and performing a normal dispensing operation is stored. The comparison image and the reference image are processed, and the position of the probe 68 and the position of the solution depicted in each image are compared to determine whether the monitoring target probe 68 is normally dispensed. To do. Then, the determination result is notified to the operator. Thereby, the dispensing state of the reagent or sample can be managed, and the maintenance timing of the probe 68 can be notified to the operator. Accordingly, the dispensing performance by the probe 68 can be maintained, and a stable inspection can be performed. As a result, the reliability of the measurement result is improved. Moreover, the stirring effect of the solution is maintained. Thus, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide an automatic analyzer capable of improving the reliability of the dispensing performance.

(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, a monitoring process related to a type of dispensing operation in which the tip of the probe 68 enters the inside of the reaction tube 54 to dispense a solution will be described. First, the difference between a normal dispensing operation and an abnormal dispensing operation will be described.

  Assume that the monitoring target probe 68 according to the second embodiment is a sample probe 68A. It is assumed that the monitoring solution is a sample such as a calibrator, a control, or a general specimen. The amount of one sample dispensed is very small and small compared to the reagent. If the first reagent probe 68B or the second reagent probe 68C is a type that is discharged in the reaction tube 54, the monitoring target probe 68 according to the second embodiment is the first reagent probe 68B or the second reagent probe. It is also applicable to 68C.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing how the probe 68 discharges the solution in the reaction tube 54 during normal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 13, the probe 68 is positioned on the solution discharge position P1 during normal dispensing. At the time of normal dispensing, the tip of the probe 68 is lowered until it contacts the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54. Thus, the solution is discharged in a state where the tip of the probe 68 is in contact with the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54. When the solution is discharged, the probe 68 is raised by the arm 66.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing the probe 68 and the solution after discharging the solution during normal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 14, the discharged solution is attached to the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54.

  Next, the dispensing operation at the time of abnormal dispensing will be described. Causes of abnormal dispensing include positional displacement of the probe 68 and dirt on the outer wall of the probe 68.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing the probe 68 and the solution after discharging the solution at the time of abnormal dispensing. As shown in FIG. 15, when the outer wall of the probe 68 is dirty, the probe 68 rises while a part of the discharged solution is attached to the outer wall of the probe 68. For this reason, the amount of solution adhering to the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54 becomes smaller than the amount of solution at the time of normal dispensing. For this reason, the amount of the measurable solution is insufficient, leading to deterioration in the reliability of the measurement result.

  As described above, the distribution pattern of the solution on the outer wall of the probe 68 at the time of abnormal dispensing is different from the distribution pattern of the solution at the normal time. That is, if the distribution pattern of the solution adhered to the outer wall of the probe 68 to be monitored is compared with the distribution pattern of the solution in a normal state, it can be determined whether or not the outer wall of the probe 68 is dirty. The deviation in the distribution pattern of the solution varies depending on the physical properties of the solution. For example, a highly viscous solution has a larger amount of adhesion on the outer wall of the probe 68, and the deviation from the normal solution distribution pattern increases. Therefore, if a highly viscous solution is set as a monitoring solution, the presence or absence of contamination on the outer wall of the probe 68 can be detected with higher accuracy.

  As described above, the comparison image and the reference image are generated by fixed-point shooting with the small camera 72. Therefore, if the probe 68 to be monitored is accurately arranged at the solution discharge position P1, the probe 68 in the comparison image and the probe 68 in the reference image are drawn at the same coordinates. If the outer wall of the probe 68 to be monitored is not soiled, no solution is drawn around the outer wall of the probe 68 in the comparative image related to after ejection. In other words, if the monitoring target probe 68 is not accurately arranged, the probe 68 in the comparison image and the probe 68 in the reference image are drawn at different coordinate positions. If the outer wall of the probe 68 to be monitored is dirty, the solution is drawn around the outer wall of the probe 68 in the comparative image related to after ejection.

  In the determination process, the determination unit 23 compares the position pattern of the probe 68 in the comparison image with the position pattern of the probe 68 in the reference image as one of the comparison items. More directly, the coordinate position of the probe 68 on the comparison image is compared with the coordinate position of the probe 68 on the reference image. The determination unit 23 compares the solution distribution pattern in the comparison image with the solution distribution pattern in the reference image as one of the comparison items. More directly, it is determined whether or not the solution is drawn around the outer wall of the probe 68 on the comparison image. Based on these pattern comparisons, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not dispensing is normally performed by the monitoring target probe 68. The pattern comparison method may be performed by any existing image processing. For example, the position pattern of the probe 68 and the solution distribution pattern are compared based on the difference image between the comparison image and the reference image.

  Hereinafter, the determination process based on the difference image will be specifically described. Although description is omitted, as in the first embodiment, normalization or monochromeization is performed on the comparison image and the reference image as preprocessing in the second embodiment for generating a difference image. And

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of determination processing regarding the presence / absence of deviation of the position pattern of the probe 68 by the determination unit 23. As shown in FIG. 16A, when the monitoring target probe 68 is accurately arranged, the position of the probe 6811 on the comparison image I11 and the coordinate position of the probe 6812 on the reference image I12 are the same. It is. Therefore, the probe 68 is not drawn on the difference image I13. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16B, when the monitoring target probe 68 is not accurately arranged, the coordinate position of the probe 6814 on the comparison image I14 and the coordinate position of the probe 6812 on the reference image I12. Is different. Therefore, the probe 6814 derived from the comparison image I14 and the probe 6812 derived from the reference image I12 are depicted on the difference image I15.

  In the monitoring process, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not a probe is depicted at a normal probe position on the difference image. The normal probe position is, for example, the coordinate position of the probe 6812 depicted on the reference image I12 in FIG. As an example of the determination process, first, the determination unit 23 performs threshold processing on the difference image using a pixel value slightly lower than a pixel value that can be taken by the probe as a threshold, and sets a pixel value “1” to a pixel having a pixel value equal to or higher than the threshold. The pixel value “0” is assigned to pixels having a pixel value equal to or smaller than the threshold value, and a binary image is generated. Then, the determination unit 23 counts pixels having the pixel value “1” among the pixels at the normal probe position on the binarized image. When the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the probe is drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is not arranged accurately. Therefore, when it is determined that the probe is drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image, the determination unit 23 does not correctly arrange the monitoring target probe 68, that is, normal dispensing is performed by the monitoring target probe 68. Is determined not to be performed. On the other hand, when the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” does not exceed the predetermined threshold, it is determined that the probe is not drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is accurately arranged. Therefore, when it is determined that the probe is not drawn at the normal probe position on the difference image, the determination unit 23 correctly arranges the monitoring target probe 68, that is, normal dispensing by the monitoring target probe 68. Is determined to have been performed.

  Next, the determination process of the presence or absence of deviation of the solution distribution pattern will be described. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a determination process regarding the presence / absence of a shift in the solution distribution pattern by the determination unit 23. As shown in FIG. 17A, when the outer wall of the probe 68 to be monitored is not dirty, the position of the solution L16 on the comparison image I16 and the position of the solution L17 on the reference image I17 are the same. . Accordingly, no solution is drawn on the difference image I18. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 17B, when the outer wall of the monitoring target probe 68 is dirty, the solution L1191 depicted on the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube on the comparison image I19 and the reference image I12 are displayed. The area is different from that of the solution L12. Further, when the outer wall of the probe 68 to be monitored is dirty, the solution L1192, 193 is drawn around the outer wall of the probe 6819 on the comparative image I19. Therefore, on the difference image I20, the solutions L192 and 193 derived from the comparison image I19 and a part of the solution L17 derived from the reference image I17 are depicted.

  In the monitoring process, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not the solution is depicted at the coordinate position around the outer wall of the probe 68 (hereinafter referred to as the outer wall peripheral position) on the difference image. The outer wall peripheral position is, for example, the coordinate position of the solution derived from the reference image I19 among the solutions depicted on the difference image I20 in FIG. As an example of the determination process, first, the determination unit 23 performs threshold processing using the minimum pixel value that can be taken by the solution as a first threshold value and the second threshold value that can be taken by the solution, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value. A pixel value “1” is assigned to a pixel having a pixel value within a range between the threshold and a pixel value “0” is assigned to a pixel having a pixel value outside the range, thereby generating a binary image. Then, the determination unit 23 counts pixels having the pixel value “1” among the pixels at the peripheral position on the outer wall on the binarized image. When the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the solution is drawn at the outer wall peripheral position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is dirty. Therefore, when it is determined that the solution is depicted at the outer wall peripheral position, the determination unit 23 determines that the monitoring target probe 68 is dirty, that is, normal dispensing is not performed by the monitoring target probe 68. To do. On the other hand, when the number of pixels having the pixel value “1” does not exceed the predetermined threshold, it is determined that the solution is not drawn at the outer wall peripheral position on the difference image. In this case, it means that the monitoring target probe 68 is not dirty. Therefore, when it is determined that the solution is not drawn at the peripheral position of the outer wall, the determination unit 23 determines that the monitoring target probe 68 is not soiled, that is, normal dispensing is performed by the monitoring target probe 68. To do.

  Hereinafter, an operation example of the automatic analyzer in the monitoring process according to the second embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the small camera 72 is installed inside the housing 50 in the vicinity of the sample discharge position P2. More specifically, the small camera 72 is attached to the inside of the housing 50 and in the vicinity of the outer wall of the reaction tank 74 of the reaction disk 52. The small camera 72 is installed at a position where the imaging field of view includes the bottom surface of the reaction tube 54. For example, a transparent member (reaction window) such as glass is fitted in the portion 76 that blocks the imaging field of view of the reaction tank 74. The small camera 72 images the reaction tube 54 and the sample probe 68 </ b> A through the reaction window 76.

  At the start of maintenance, the display unit 27 displays a setting screen for setting a sample for monitoring. The operator sets the monitoring sample and the sample probe 68A on the setting screen via the operation unit 11. As the sample for monitoring, a sample having a high viscosity that increases the deviation of the distribution pattern from that during normal dispensing is preferable. The sample for monitoring may be actually used at the time of analysis, or may be a test solution produced for monitoring.

  When the monitoring sample and the monitoring sample probe 68A are set, the system control unit 31 sets setting conditions such that the monitoring sample probe 68A dispenses the set monitoring sample.

  The system control unit 31 starts the monitoring process when an operator or the like gives an instruction to start the monitoring process via the operation unit 11. In the monitoring process, the analysis mechanism control unit 13 controls the dispensing mechanism driving unit 15 under the set conditions to operate the dispensing mechanism 17 such as the sample arm 66A, the sample probe 68A, and the reaction disk 52.

  When the monitoring sample probe 68 </ b> A that has inhaled the monitoring sample is arranged at the lowering start position on the sample discharge position, the imaging unit 19 starts fixed-point imaging of the reaction tube 54 using the small camera 72. Then, the imaging unit 19 ends the fixed-point imaging when the sample probe 68A descends to the inner bottom surface of the reaction tube 54 and discharges the monitoring sample. During the imaging period, the comparison image data relating to the monitoring reaction tube 54 is repeatedly generated by the imaging unit 19 and supplied to the determination unit 23 via the storage unit 21.

  When receiving the comparison image data, the determination unit 23 performs the above-described determination processing by performing image processing on the comparison image and the reference image after the same time has elapsed from the start of shooting, and determines whether normal dispensing has been performed. judge. When determining the presence or absence of dirt on the outer wall of the sample probe 68A, the comparison image and the reference image are preferably taken when the sample probe 68A finishes discharging the sample and rises a predetermined distance (for example, 2 mm). When it is determined that normal dispensing has been performed, the determination unit 23 supplies a normal signal to that effect to the display unit 27. On the other hand, when it is determined that normal dispensing has not been performed, the determination unit 23 supplies the display unit 27 with an abnormal signal to that effect.

  When such determination processing is performed, the display unit 27 displays the result of the determination processing. For example, when it is determined that the dispensing is normally performed by the sample probe 68A to be monitored, “No maintenance is required” is displayed. If it is determined that the dispensing has not been normally performed by the sample probe 68A to be monitored, “Needs maintenance” is displayed. By displaying “Needs maintenance”, the display unit 27 informs the operator that maintenance such as cleaning or replacement of the sample probe 68A is necessary.

  With the above configuration, the automatic analyzer according to the second embodiment captures the monitoring target probe 68 and the reaction tube 54 with the small camera 72 during the dispensing operation, and generates comparison image data regarding the monitoring target probe 68. . In addition, reference image data relating to the probe 68 generated during normal dispensing operation is stored in advance. Whether the comparison image and the reference image are image-processed, and the position of the solution liquid surface in the reaction tube 54 depicted in each image is compared. Determine whether. Then, the determination result is notified to the operator. As a result, it is possible to check whether the probe 68 is dirty or misaligned, and to notify the operator of the maintenance timing of the probe 68. Accordingly, the dispensing performance by the probe 68 can be maintained, and a stable inspection can be performed. Thus, according to the second embodiment, provision of an automatic analyzer capable of improving the reliability of dispensing performance is realized.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

  As mentioned above, according to this invention, provision of the automatic analyzer which can improve the reliability of dispensing performance is realizable.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Operation part, 13 ... Analysis mechanism control part, 15 ... Analysis mechanism drive part, 17 ... Analysis mechanism, 19 ... Imaging | photography part, 21 ... Memory | storage part, 23 ... Determination part, 25 ... Notification part, 27 ... Display part, 29 ... Printer, 31 ... System controller

Claims (8)

A probe capable of dispensing a solution;
A support mechanism for movably supporting the probe;
A disk for holding a reaction tube capable of containing the solution movably at a discharge position;
A controller that controls the probe, the support mechanism, and the disk to cause the probe to dispense the solution to the reaction tube;
An imaging unit that images at least one of the probe and the reaction tube being dispensed, and generates comparison image data relating to the current dispensing;
A determination unit that compares the comparison image generated by the imaging unit with a reference image related to normal dispensing according to a comparison item to determine whether or not the current dispensing has been performed normally;
An informing unit for informing a determination result by the determining unit;
An automatic analyzer comprising:   The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines the presence or absence of contamination of the probe by comparing the position of the solution being dispensed as the comparison item between the comparison image and the reference image. .   The automatic analyzer according to claim 2, wherein the notification unit notifies the presence or absence of contamination of the probe as the determination result.   The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines whether or not the probe is misaligned by comparing the position of the probe as the comparison item between the comparison image and the reference image.   The automatic analyzer according to claim 4, wherein the notification unit notifies the presence / absence of a displacement of the probe as the determination result.   The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the solution has at least one physical property of high viscosity and foamability.   The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the imaging unit captures an image with a camera provided in the vicinity of the discharge position and on or inside the casing.   The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, further comprising a selection unit that selects a type of the solution according to an instruction from a user.

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