JP2011210367A - Recording device, and recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress deterioration in access performance and a data transfer rate, by suitably selecting CLV or CAV for each disk when performing recording.SOLUTION: A recording device includes: a laser light radiating unit for radiating laser light to the loaded disk; a reflection light detection unit for detecting a light quantity of reflection light from the disk; a driving unit for rotation-driving the disk; a drive controller for determining whether the disk is a rewritable disk or not based on the light quantity of reflection light, which is detected by the reflection light detection unit, and controlling the driving unit to perform rotation driving in CAV or CLV based on the determination result; and a recording controller for implementing recording to the disk in a state of being rotation-driven by the drive controller.

Description

  The present invention relates to a recording apparatus and a recording method related to disk rotation control, for example, when performing data on an optical disk.

Recently, write-once optical discs such as CD-R (Compact Disc Recordable) and rewritable optical discs such as CD-RW (Compact Disc Rewritable) have become widespread. For these recordable optical discs (hereinafter referred to as discs), for example, a recording method such as a packet write method, a track-at-once method, a session-at-once method, or a disc-at-once method is selected. Further, the disk is rotationally driven by CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) control in which the linear velocity is constant, and recording is performed at a constant linear velocity on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the recording area.
As a drive control of the disk, CAV (Constant Angular Verocity) in which the angular velocity is constant is known.

By the way, since the CLV control is designed to maintain a constant linear velocity, it is possible to perform recording at the same data transfer rate regardless of the position on the disk. However, for this reason, rotational drive control must be performed so that a rotational speed corresponding to the radial position of the disk can be obtained, and it takes time to change the rotational speed. Therefore, for example, when recording is performed by random access, there is a case where an operation of changing the number of rotations is accompanied, and the time from the start to the end of the recording becomes long.
In CAV control, the rotational speed is kept constant regardless of the radial position of the disk, so that the accessibility is superior to CLV control, but the recording position (outer peripheral side, inner peripheral side, etc.) Depending on the recording speed, the recording speed will be different. Therefore, the data transfer rate is lower when recording on the inner circumference side than when recording on the outer circumference side.
Therefore, it is desired to realize an efficient recording operation by selecting CLV control and CAV control according to the purpose of recording.

In order to solve such problems, the present invention provides a laser light irradiation means for irradiating a loaded disk with laser light, a reflected light detection means for detecting the amount of reflected light from the disk, It is determined whether or not the disk is a rewritable disk based on drive means for rotationally driving the disk and the amount of reflected light detected by the reflected light detection means, and the drive based on the determination result A drive control means capable of controlling the means to rotate by CAV or CLV, and a recording control means capable of executing recording on the disk in a state where the drive control means is rotationally driven. The recording apparatus is configured.

Also, a reading means that can read data from a loaded disk, a reading control means that can cause the reading means to read type identification information indicating the type of the disk, and a drive that drives the disk to rotate And discriminating whether the disc is a rewritable disc based on the type identification information, and controlling the drive unit to be rotationally driven by CAV or CLV based on the discrimination result. A recording apparatus comprising: a drive control unit capable of recording; and a recording control unit capable of performing recording on the disk in a state where the rotation control is controlled by the drive control unit.

Further, a reading unit that can read data from a loaded disc, a reading control unit that can cause the reading unit to read recording start position information, a driving unit that rotationally drives the disc, and the recording Based on the start position information, when the recording start position is on the inner circumference side of the disk, the drive means is rotated by CLV, and when the recording start position is on the outer circumference side of the disk, the drive means is driven by CAV . The recording apparatus includes a drive control unit that controls to rotate and a recording control unit that can perform recording on the disk in a state where the rotation control is performed by the drive control unit. .

Further, the step of irradiating the disc with laser light, the step of detecting the amount of reflected light from the disc, and determining whether the disc is a rewritable disc based on the amount of reflected light. A recording apparatus comprising: a step of controlling the disk to be rotationally driven by CAV or CLV based on a result of the determination; and a step of executing recording while the disk is rotationally driven. Constitute.

A step of reading type identification information indicating the type of the disc from the loaded disc; a step of determining whether the disc is a rewritable disc based on the type identification information; and Based on the result, a recording method is configured including a step of controlling the disk to be rotationally driven by CAV or CLV and a step of executing recording while the disk is rotationally driven.

Further, the process of reading the recording start position information on the loaded disk from the loaded disk, and the drive means is rotated at CLV when the recording start position is on the inner circumference side of the disk based on the recording start position information And when the recording start position is on the outer peripheral side of the disc, the step of controlling the disc to be rotationally driven by CAV , and recording on the disc while the disc is being rotationally driven. And a step of executing the recording method.

  The present invention adopts the above-described configuration, and selects CAV control and CLV control based on whether the data transfer rate is important or the access time is important when data recording or initialization processing is performed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in access time during recording and a decrease in data transfer rate.

As described above, according to the present invention, recording can be executed by CAV control or CLV control based on, for example, the amount of reflected laser light applied to a disk. Further, the type identification information recorded on the disc is read out, and recording can be executed by CAV control or CLV control based on this type identification information.
As a result, the disc can be discriminated and recording can be performed by servo control suitable for the disc type.

Further, it is determined whether or not the track is closed based on the recording instruction information, and when the track is not closed, recording can be executed by CAV control or CLV control based on the packet information. ing.
As a result, recording can be performed by servo control suitable for the recording state of the disk.

Further, recording can be executed by CAV control or CLV control based on the replacement identification information recorded on the disc.
As a result, for example, when there is a replacement area, recording can be performed by CAV servo control with emphasis on accessibility.

In addition, CAV control or CLV control can be performed based on whether initialization processing is performed on the disc or recording is performed.
As a result, the initialization process can be performed efficiently by emphasizing the transfer rate by CLV control, and user data can be recorded with emphasis on accessibility when recording.

Further, CAV control or CLV control can be performed based on the position where recording starts on the disc.
Therefore, for example, recording control suitable for the inner or outer peripheral side of the disc can be performed.

  That is, according to the recording apparatus and the recording method of the present invention, the CAV control and the CLV control are performed based on whether the data transfer rate is important or the access time is important in accordance with the disc type and the data recording method. It is possible to select. As a result, it is possible to realize recording in which a reduction in access time to a required recording area and a reduction in data transfer rate are suppressed.

It is explanatory drawing of the classification of the disk of embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the frame structure of the disk of embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the sub-coding frame of the disk of embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of a disk layout. It is explanatory drawing of a wobbling groove. It is explanatory drawing of a recording area format. It is a figure explaining an example of the process process which performs recording control based on the classification discrimination of the rewritable disc. It is a figure explaining an example of a UDF bridge volume structure. It is a figure explaining an example of the process which performs recording control based on whether random recording is possible. It is a schematic diagram explaining the recording system of a track. It is a figure explaining an example of a track descriptor block. It is a figure explaining an example of the process process which performs recording control based on a recording state. It is explanatory drawing of a defect management area. It is a figure explaining an example of the process which performs recording control based on the presence or absence of a replacement area. It is a figure explaining an example of the process process which performs recording control based on whether the initialization process is required. It is a figure explaining an example of the process process which performs recording control based on a recording start position.

Hereinafter, disk drive devices (recording and reproducing devices) corresponding to recordable discs such as CD-R and CD-RW as embodiments of the present invention and disc-shaped recording media will be described in the following order. To do.
1. 1. Configuration of disk drive device Subcode and TOC
3. 3. Outline of CD system 3-1 Rewritable disc 3-2 Recording area format 4. Drive control based on disk reflectivity 5. Drive control based on random recording availability 6. Drive control based on recording format 7. Drive control based on presence / absence of replacement area 8. Drive control based on the presence or absence of initialization Drive control based on radial position of recording start

1. Configuration of Disk Drive Device CD-R is a write-once medium using an organic dye in the recording layer, and CD-RW is a medium capable of data rewriting by using phase change technology.
A configuration of a disk drive device of this example capable of recording / reproducing data on a CD-type disk such as a CD-R or CD-RW will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, the disk 90 is a CD-R or CD-RW. Note that a CD-DA (CD-Digital Audio), a CD-ROM, or the like can be reproduced as the disc 90 here.

  The disk 90 is loaded on the turntable 7 and is rotationally driven by the spindle motor 1 at a constant linear velocity (CLV) or a constant angular velocity (CAV) during a recording / reproducing operation. The optical pickup 1 reads pit data (phase change pits or pits due to organic dye changes (reflectance changes)) on the disk 90. In the case of CD-DA or CD-ROM, the pit is an embossed pit.

In the pickup 1, a laser diode 4 serving as a laser light source, a photodetector 5 for detecting reflected light, an objective lens 2 serving as an output end of the laser light, and a laser recording light are irradiated onto the disk recording surface via the objective lens 2. In addition, an optical system (not shown) for guiding the reflected light to the photodetector 5 is formed.
A monitor detector 22 for receiving a part of the output light from the laser diode 4 is also provided.

The objective lens 2 is held by a biaxial mechanism 3 so as to be movable in the tracking direction and the focus direction.
The entire pickup 1 can be moved in the radial direction of the disk by a thread mechanism 8.
The laser diode 4 in the pickup 1 is driven to emit laser light by a drive signal (drive current) from a laser driver 18.

Reflected light information from the disk 90 is detected by the photodetector 5, converted into an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of received light, and supplied to the RF amplifier 9.
Note that the amount of reflected light from the disk 90 fluctuates more than in the case of a CD-ROM before, after, or during recording of data on the disk 90. Further, in the CD-RW, the reflectance itself is CD-. In general, an AGC circuit is mounted on the RF amplifier 9 due to the fact that it differs greatly from ROM and CD-R.

The RF amplifier 9 includes a current-voltage conversion circuit, a matrix calculation / amplification circuit, and the like corresponding to output currents from a plurality of light receiving elements as the photodetector 5, and generates necessary signals by matrix calculation processing. For example, an RF signal as reproduction data, a focus error signal FE for servo control, a tracking error signal TE, and the like are generated.
The reproduction RF signal output from the RF amplifier 9 is supplied to the binarization circuit 11, and the focus error signal FE and tracking error signal TE are supplied to the servo processor 14.

On the disc 90 as a CD-R or CD-RW, a groove (groove) is formed in advance as a guide for a recording track, and time information indicating an absolute address on the disc is FM-modulated in the groove. The signal is wobbled by the signal. Accordingly, at the time of recording operation, tracking servo can be applied from the groove information, and an absolute address can be obtained from the groove wobble information. The RF amplifier 9 extracts wobble information WOB by matrix calculation processing and supplies it to the address decoder 23.
The address decoder 23 demodulates the supplied wobble information WOB to obtain absolute address information and supplies it to the system controller 10.
Further, by injecting the groove information into the PLL circuit, the rotational speed information of the spindle motor 6 is obtained and further compared with the reference speed information, thereby generating and outputting a spindle error signal SPE.

The reproduction RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier 9 is binarized by the binarization circuit 11 to be a so-called EFM signal (8-14 modulation signal) and supplied to the encoding / decoding unit 12.
The encoding / decoding unit 12 includes a functional part as a decoder during reproduction and a functional part as an encoder during recording.
During reproduction, as decoding processing, processing such as EFM demodulation, CIRC error correction, deinterleaving, and CD-ROM decoding is performed to obtain reproduction data converted into CD-ROM format data.
The encode / decode unit 12 also performs subcode extraction processing on the data read from the disk 90 and supplies the TOC, address information, and the like as subcode (Q data) to the system controller 10.
Further, the encode / decode unit 12 generates a reproduction clock synchronized with the EFM signal by the PLL process, and executes the decoding process based on the reproduction clock. The rotation speed information of the spindle motor 6 is obtained from the reproduction clock. And the spindle error signal SPE can be generated and output by comparing with the reference speed information.

At the time of reproduction, the encode / decode unit 12 accumulates the data decoded as described above in the buffer memory 20.
As reproduction output from the disk drive device, data buffered in the buffer memory 20 is read out and transferred and output.

The interface unit 13 is connected to an external host computer 80 and communicates recording data, reproduction data, various commands, and the like with the host computer 80. Actually, SCSI and ATAPI interfaces are adopted. At the time of reproduction, the reproduction data decoded and stored in the buffer memory 20 is transferred and output to the host computer 80 via the interface unit 13.
Note that a read command, a write command, and other signals from the host computer 80 are supplied to the system controller 10 via the interface unit 13.

On the other hand, during recording, recording data (audio data or CD-ROM data) is transferred from the host computer 80. The recording data is sent from the interface unit 13 to the buffer memory 20 and buffered.
In this case, the encoding / decoding unit 12 encodes CD-ROM format data into CD format data (when the supplied data is CD-ROM data), CIRC encoding, and encoding processing of the buffered recording data. Interleaving, subcode addition, EFM modulation, etc. are executed.

The EFM signal obtained by the encoding process in the encoding / decoding unit 12 is subjected to a waveform adjustment process by the write strategy 21 and then sent to the laser driver 18 as a laser drive pulse (write data WDATA).
In the write strategy 21, recording compensation, that is, fine adjustment of the optimum recording power with respect to the characteristics of the recording layer, the spot shape of the laser beam, the recording linear velocity, and the like is performed.

  The laser driver 18 applies a laser drive pulse supplied as write data WDATA to the laser diode 4 to perform laser emission driving. As a result, pits (phase change pits and dye change pits) corresponding to the EFM signal are formed on the disk 90.

  The APC circuit (Auto Power Control) 19 is a circuit unit for controlling the laser output power to be constant regardless of temperature or the like while monitoring the laser output power by the output of the monitor detector 22. The target value of the laser output is given from the system controller 10, and the laser driver 18 is controlled so that the laser output level becomes the target value.

The servo processor 14 performs various focus, tracking, thread, and spindle servo drives from the focus error signal FE and tracking error signal TE from the RF amplifier 9 and the spindle error signal SPE from the encoding / decoding unit 12 or the address decoder 20. Generate a signal and execute servo operation.
That is, the focus drive signal FD and the tracking drive signal TD are generated according to the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE and supplied to the biaxial driver 16. The biaxial driver 16 drives the focus coil and tracking coil of the biaxial mechanism 3 in the pickup 1. Thus, a tracking servo loop and a focus servo loop are formed by the pickup 1, the RF amplifier 9, the servo processor 14, the biaxial driver 16, and the biaxial mechanism 3.

  Further, in response to a track jump command from the system controller 10, the tracking servo loop is turned off and a jump drive signal is output to the biaxial driver 16 to execute a track jump operation.

  The servo processor 14 further supplies a spindle drive signal generated in accordance with the spindle error signal SPE to the spindle motor driver 17. The spindle motor driver 17 applies, for example, a three-phase drive signal to the spindle motor 6 according to the spindle drive signal, and causes the spindle motor 6 to perform CLV rotation or CAV rotation. The servo processor 14 also generates a spindle drive signal in response to the spindle kick / brake control signal from the system controller 10 and causes the spindle motor driver 17 to perform operations such as starting, stopping, accelerating and decelerating the spindle motor 6.

  Further, the servo processor 14 generates a thread drive signal based on, for example, a thread error signal obtained as a low frequency component of the tracking error signal TE, an access execution control from the system controller 10, and supplies the thread drive signal to the thread driver 15. The thread driver 15 drives the thread mechanism 8 according to the thread drive signal. Although not shown, the thread mechanism 8 includes a mechanism including a main shaft that holds the pickup 1, a thread motor, a transmission gear, and the like, and the thread driver 15 drives the thread mechanism 8 according to a thread drive signal, thereby 1 required slide movement is performed.

Various operations of the servo system and the recording / reproducing system as described above are controlled by a system controller 10 formed by a microcomputer.
The system controller 10 executes various processes in accordance with commands from the host computer 80.
For example, when a read command requesting transfer of certain data recorded on the disk 90 is supplied from the host computer 80, seek operation control is first performed for the instructed address. That is, a command is issued to the servo processor 14 to cause the pickup 1 to access the address designated by the seek command.
Thereafter, operation control necessary for transferring the data in the designated data section to the host computer 80 is performed. In other words, data requested from the disk 90 is read / decoded / buffered, and the requested data is transferred.

When a write command (write command) is issued from the host computer 80, the system controller 10 first moves the pickup 1 to the address to be written (next addressable address). Then, the encoding / decoding unit 12 performs the encoding process on the data transferred from the host computer 80 as described above to generate an EFM signal.
Then, recording is executed by supplying the write data WDATA from the write strategy 21 to the laser driver 18 as described above.

2. Subcode and TOC
The TOC and subcode recorded in the lead-in area of the CD format disc will be described.
The minimum unit of data recorded on a CD disc is one frame. One block is composed of 98 frames.

The structure of one frame is as shown in FIG.
One frame is composed of 588 bits, with the first 24 bits being the synchronization data and the subsequent 14 bits being the subcode data area. After that, data and parity are arranged.

This block is composed of 98 frames to form one block, and the subcode data extracted from the 98 frames is collected to form one block of subcode data (subcoding frame) as shown in FIG. Is done.
The subcode data from the first and second frames (frame 98n + 1, frame 98n + 2) at the head of the 98 frames is a synchronization pattern. Then, in the third frame to the 98th frame (frames 98n + 3 to 98n + 98), 96-bit channel data, that is, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W subcode data are formed. .

  Of these, the P channel and the Q channel are used for access management. However, the P channel only indicates a pause portion between tracks, and finer control is performed by the Q channel (Q1 to Q96). The 96-bit Q channel data is configured as shown in FIG.

  First, the 4 bits of Q1 to Q4 are used as control data, and are used for identifying the number of audio channels, emphasis, CD-ROM, and whether or not digital copying is possible.

Next, 4 bits of Q5 to Q8 are set to ADR, which indicates the mode of sub Q data.
The 72 bits Q9 to Q80 following ADR are sub-Q data, and the remaining Q81 to Q96 are CRC.

3. Outline of CD System 3-1 Rewritable Disc In a recordable disc such as a CD-R / CD-RW, only a guide groove for laser light guide is formed on a substrate before recording. By applying a laser beam modulated with high power and data to this, the reflectance of the recording film changes, and data is recorded on this principle.
In the CD-R, a recording film that can be recorded only once is formed. The recording film is an organic dye, and is a hole recording by a high power laser.
In a CD-RW in which a recording film that can be rewritten many times is formed, the recording method is phase change recording, and data recording is performed as a difference in reflectance between a crystalline state and an amorphous state.
In terms of physical characteristics, the read-only CD and CD-R have a reflectivity of 0.7 or higher, whereas the CD-RW is about 0.2. -RW cannot be played as it is. Therefore, reproduction is performed with an AGC (Auto Gain Control) function for amplifying weak signals.

In the CD-ROM, the lead-in area on the inner periphery of the disk is arranged over a radius of 46 mm to 50 mm, and there are no pits on the inner periphery.
In the CD-R and CD-RW, as shown in FIG. 4, a PMA (Program Memory Area) and a PCA (Power Calibration Area) are provided on the inner peripheral side of the lead-in area.

The lead-in area and the program area used for recording actual data following the lead-in area are recorded by a drive device corresponding to CD-R or CD-RW, and the recorded contents can be reproduced in the same manner as CD-DA or the like. Used.
The PMA temporarily records the recording signal mode and the start and end time information for each track recording. After all scheduled tracks are recorded, a TOC (Table Of Contents) is formed in the lead-in area based on this information.
PCA is an area for trial writing in order to obtain an optimum value of laser power at the time of recording.

In CD-R and CD-RW, a groove (guide groove) that forms a data track is formed to be wobbled (meandering) for recording position and spindle rotation control.
The wobble is formed on the basis of a signal modulated by information such as an absolute address, thereby including information such as an absolute address. The absolute time information expressed by such a wobbled groove is called ATIP (Absolute Time In Pregroove).
As shown in FIG. 5, the wobbling groove is slightly wobbled in a sine wave shape, has a center frequency of 22.05 kHz, and a meandering amount of about ± 0.03 μm.

In the wobbling, the following information is encoded by FM modulation.
Time axis information This time axis signal is called ATIP, is recorded from the beginning of the program area with a simple increase toward the outer periphery of the disk, and is used for address control during recording.
・ Recommended recording laser power Although this is the recommended value from the manufacturer, the optimum power changes under various conditions, so a process for determining the optimum recording power before recording is provided. This is called OPC (Optimum Power Control).
・ Purpose of use Discs are called application codes and are classified as follows.
* Restricted Use
General Purpose. . . . . General business use
Special Purpose . . . . Specific use (Photo CD, Karaoke CD, etc.)
* Unrestricted Use. . . . . For consumer audio

3-2 Recording Area Format A format when the disk drive device records data in a recording area of a recordable optical disk will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the format of the recording area of a recordable optical disc.
The disk drive device formats the power calibration area (PCA), intermediate recording area (Program Memory Area: PMA), lead-in area, one or more tracks, and the lead-out area from the inner periphery side.
For example, when user data is recorded by the packet write method, each track is divided into a plurality of packets, and recording is performed for each packet.

The PCA shown in FIG. 6 is an area for performing test recording for adjusting the output power of laser light. When the disk 90 is a CD-RW, for example, a test area and a count area are formed in this PCA. When the disk drive device 0 records on the disk 90 for the first time, OPC is performed in the PCA. Then, the recording power obtained by the OPC is set as the optimum recording power for recording on the disk 90.
Each track is an area for recording user data.
The lead-in area and the lead-out area are areas for recording table-of-contents (TOC) information such as the start address and end address of the track, and various information relating to the optical disc. Further, the next addressable address corresponding to the start position for the next recording is also managed in this lead-in area and lead-out area.
The PMA is a recording area for temporarily storing track table information.
Each track includes a pre-gap for recording track information and a user data area for recording user data.

4). Drive Control Based on Disc Reflectance As described above, CD-R and CD-RW have different reflectivities due to physical characteristics. Therefore, when data recording is performed, the reflectance is detected, and efficient recording is performed by selecting CLV control or CAV control based on the reflectance.
For example, for write-once type CD-R, CLV control is performed assuming that recording by sequential access is more suitable than random access, and for rewritable CD-RW, recording by random access is suitable for CAV. Make control.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing steps for disc drive control by identifying the disc type (additional writing or rewriting) based on the reflectance.
If it is determined in step S101 that a write command has been supplied from the host computer 80, the process proceeds to recording processing (S102). Here, a process for shifting to a recording operation such as OPC is performed by irradiating the disk 90 with laser light.
After the recording start process, for example, reception of data from the host computer 80 is started (S103). Then, the amount of reflected light (reflectance) from the disk 90 is detected (S104), and whether the loaded disk 90 is a write-once type (CD-R) or a rewritable type (CD-RW) is identified (S104). S105). As described above, this identification is performed based on the CD-R reflectivity of 0.7 or more and the CD-RW reflectivity of about 0.2.

If it is determined in step S105 that the disk 90 is a rewritable disk, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by CAV control (S106), and data writing is started (S107). If it is determined in step S105 that the disc 90 is a write-once disc that is not rewritable, the disc 90 is rotationally driven by CLV control (S108), and data writing is started (S107).
When the data writing is started, it is determined whether or not the writing is finished (S109). When it is determined that the writing is finished, the recording process started in step S102 is finished (S110).

  As described above, for example, by discriminating the type (additional writing / rewriting) of the disc based on the reflectance and controlling the rotational drive, it becomes possible to perform recording corresponding to the property of the disc. Therefore, data can be recorded on each disk so that the access time and data transfer rate do not decrease.

5. Drive Control Based on Availability of Random Recording As described above, a rewritable CD-RW is a disc suitable for random recording. Then, next, an example will be described in which it is determined whether or not recording is performed by random recording based on, for example, a file system, and rotational drive control of the disk is performed.
First, an example of the file system discrimination data will be described.
For example, FIG. 8 shows an example of a volume structure of a UDF bridge (Universal Disc Format Bridge) as a file system adopted for a disk such as a CD-RW or a DVD. The UDF bridge is a file system having a certain degree of compatibility with the ISO9660 file system, and the contents from LBA “0” to LBA “20” are the same as those of the ISO9660 file system.

For example, when considering CD-R, if conforming to ISO9660, PVD (Primary Volume Descriptor) is described in LBA “16”, and the features of applications recorded on the disc are recorded as PVD information. Is described.
Considering a CD-RW adopting a UDF bridge, as shown in FIG. 8, LBA “256” is “Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer”, and an address where PVD as UDF is described is recorded here. ing.

  Therefore, when discriminating whether the file system applied to the disk 90 is ISO9660 or UDF bridge, the disk identification may be performed using the information of LBA “16” and LBA “256” as type identification information.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing steps for performing rotation drive control by determining whether or not random recording is possible based on the file system.
Note that steps S201 to S203 are the same processing steps as steps S101 to S103. That is, for example, in response to a recording request from the host computer 80, reception of recording data is started.
Then, the file system shown in FIG. 8 is read from a predetermined position of the disk 90 (S204), and the loaded disk is read based on the information of LBA “16” and LBA “256” of the UDF bridge. Whether random recording is suitable is determined (S205).

If it is determined in step S205 that the disc 90 is a disc capable of random recording, the disc 90 is rotationally driven by CAV control (S206), and data writing is started (S207). If it is determined in step S205 that the disk 90 is a write-once disk that is not rewritable, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by CLV control (S208), and data writing is started (S207).
When the data writing is started, it is determined whether or not the writing is finished (S209). When it is determined that the writing is finished, the recording process started in step S202 is finished (S210).

  As a result, for a disc such as a CD-RW that is suitable for random recording, recording can be performed by CAV control that is excellent in random access. Recording on a disc such as a CD-R can be performed by CLV control with an efficient data transfer rate.

  Note that discs suitable for random recording can also be identified by, for example, the reflectivity of the disc 90 as in the case described with reference to FIG.

6). Drive control based on recording format Next, for example, when further recording is performed on a disc on which data has already been recorded, it is determined whether the track is closed, and the packet to be recorded is fixed length or variable. An example in which the rotational drive control of the disk is performed based on the length will be described.
First, referring to FIG. 10, a method of recording data on the disk 90 will be described.
A recording method called disc-at-once shown in FIG. 10A is a lead-in area indicating information such as a data recording start position, data (track), and a read indicating information such as a data recording end position. The out area is recorded at once.

In the recording method called track-at-once shown in FIG. 10 (b), data is recorded in units of data as tracks. When the data recording as a track is completed, the lead-in area where information such as the writing start position of the track is recorded before the track, and the information such as the writing end position of the track is recorded after the track. A lead-out region is formed. The lead-in area, track, and lead-out area recorded in this way are set as a unit called session, and forming the lead-in area and lead-out area after the recording of the track is called session closing. That is, the track is closed by closing the session.
When recording is performed by track-at-once, a plurality of units of tracks can be recorded between the lead-in area and the lead-out area. In this case, a joint called a link block is formed between the tracks. In recording by track-at-once, as shown in FIG. 10C, a plurality of sessions such as session # 1 and session # 2 can be formed.

  The recording method called session-at-once shown in FIG. 10 (d) is the above-mentioned recording in session units. Therefore, even when a plurality of tracks are recorded between the lead-in area and the lead-out area, the link block shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C is not formed. Also in recording by session-at-once, as shown in FIG. 10 (e), it is possible to form a plurality of sessions such as session # 1 and session # 2.

Further, when performing track recording in this way, for example, a packet write method in which data is recorded in units of packets is employed.
Known packet write methods include fixed-length packet recording in which the packet data length is fixed and variable-length packet recording in which the packet data length is variable. Then, CAV control is applied in fixed-length packet recording, and CLV control is applied in variable-length packet recording.

  Furthermore, since fixed-length packets and variable-length packets are not mixed in the same track, for example, for a track that has started recording with a fixed-length packet, the fixed-length packet is fixed until the track is closed. Recording by packet is performed.

Such packet identification is recorded in the track descriptor table in the pre-gap at the beginning of each track.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a track descriptor block (Track Descriptor Block... Hereafter referred to as TDB). This TDB is recorded, for example, in a pre-gap that is the head portion of the track.
In TDB, bytes 0 to 7 are defined as a track descriptor table. In this track descriptor table (hereinafter referred to as TDT), the three bytes from byte 0 to byte 2 indicate “TDI” (Track Descriptor Identification) by ASCII code. The values 54h, 44h, and 49h are recorded.
In byte 3 and byte 4, the block number of the second part of the pre-gap is recorded as pre-gap length information in a state encoded with BCD (Binary Coded Decimal).
Byte 6 records lowest track numbered steady information in the TDB, and byte 7 records highest track numbered steady information in the TDB.

Byte 8 and later are defined as track descriptor units.
In byte 8, track number information of the content to which the track descriptor unit belongs is recorded.
In byte 9, information indicating how the content is recorded is recorded. That is, if the content is recorded by the packet write method, this is indicated, and further, identification information indicating whether the packet is a fixed length or a variable length is indicated.
Byte 10 to byte 12 indicate packet size information in the block.
In the track descriptor block, the bytes after 13 are unused.

  Thus, by referring to the TDB recorded corresponding to each track, it is possible to identify whether the track is recorded by a fixed-length or variable-length packet.

FIG. 12 shows a process for controlling the rotational drive of the disc based on whether or not the track is closed, for example, using the lead-in area as the recording state information when data is additionally written by track-at-once or session-at-once. It is a flowchart explaining an example of a process.
In this figure, steps S301, S302, and S303 are the same as steps S101 to S103, respectively.
That is, when a recording operation is started based on a recording request from the host computer 80 and data reception is started, it is determined whether or not the track is closed (S304). In this determination step, for example, it is determined whether or not a lead-in area and a lead-out area corresponding to the track are formed. That is, when the lead-in area and the lead-out area are formed, it can be determined that the track is closed.
If it is determined that the track is closed, a new track is recorded. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S305, and the disk drive device is controlled to rotate the disk by, for example, rotation drive control set by default or rotation drive control instructed from the host computer 80. Then, data writing is started (S306), it is determined whether or not the writing is completed (S308), and when it is determined that the writing is completed, the recording process started in step S302 is ended ( S309).

If it is determined in step S304 that the track is not closed, additional writing is performed on the track. Therefore, in step S307, the disc is controlled to rotate by the same rotational drive control as in the previous recording. That is, for example, with reference to the TDB shown in FIG. 11, it is identified whether the track is recorded in a fixed length or a variable length. Therefore, for example, CAV control is performed when the track is recorded with a fixed-length packet, and CLV control is performed when recording is performed with a variable-length packet.
When the rotational drive control is performed in this way, the respective processing steps of data writing start (S306), writing end determination (S308), and recording end (S309) are executed.

  In this way, by determining whether or not the track is closed, and referring to the TDB, by identifying whether the track is recorded with a fixed-length packet or a variable-length packet, Recording can be performed by performing rotational drive control adapted to the current recording state of the disk 90.

7). Drive Control Based on Presence / Absence of Replacement Area Next, an example of processing steps in the case of performing rotation drive control on the disk 90 based on whether or not the disk on which data is recorded has a replacement area will be described.
For example, a defective portion on the disk 90 is inspected at the time of formatting or at the time of use, and if a defective portion exists, a necessary replacement process is performed to assign the defective region to another region. The defect area and allocation destination information are recorded as defect management information in, for example, a lead-in area or a lead-out area of the disk 90.
For this reason, in the lead-in area or the lead-out area, a defect management area DMA is recorded in which defect area management information is recorded.
If there is such a defective area, it is desired to perform recording by CAV control with emphasis on accessibility, assuming that access processing corresponding to the defective area is performed when recording is being performed. Therefore, the presence / absence of a defective area is determined, and the rotational drive control of the disk 90 is performed based on the determination result.

As shown in FIG. 13A, the DMA includes a disk definition structure DDS, a primary defect list PDL, and a secondary defect list SDL as defect management information.
The disc definition structure DDS manages a position where information for defect management is recorded, and addresses such as a primary defect list PDL, a secondary defect list SDL, and a replacement area are recorded. That is, at the time of reproducing the disc, first, the disc definition structure DDS is read to access actual information for defect management.

In the primary defect list PDL, as shown in FIG. 13B, when a defective block is found, the defective addresses dfaP1, dfaP2, dfaP3,... The number of blocks is recorded as the number of PDL entries.
The defect management form based on the primary defect list PDL is a so-called slipping form, and is generated at the time of disk formatting, for example.
In order to manage defects, first, defect blocks are inspected over the entire recording surface at the time of manufacturing or formatting the disk.
For each defect block found at this time, the address is sequentially recorded as a defect address dfaP1, dfaP2, dfaP3,... In the primary defect list PDL.
However, in this case, the block that replaces the found defect block is set as the block next to the defect block. That is, the block used for recording is shifted backward according to the defect block, which is called a slipping process.

The secondary defect list is used for managing defect blocks discovered during user use.
In the secondary defect list SDL, as shown in FIG. 13C, when a defective block is found, the defect addresses dfaS1, dfaS2, dfaS3,... Are recorded and correspond to each of these defect addresses. Then, addresses rpa1, rpa2, rpa3,... As replacement blocks are recorded. The number of blocks found and registered as defective addresses at the beginning is recorded as the number of SDL entries.

The defect management form based on the secondary defect list SDL is a so-called linear replacement, and the list contents are updated (added) every time a defect block is found during use by the user.
That is, for a defect block found during user use, a block in a required area is assigned as a replacement block. Therefore, the data in the secondary defect list includes several bytes (7 to 8 bytes) as the defective address dfa (x) and the replacement address rpa (x) as described above for each detected defect block. 14 to 16 bytes of several bytes (7 to 8 bytes) are used.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing steps in the case where the disk 90 is subjected to rotational drive control based on whether or not there is a replacement block on the disk. In FIG. 14, steps S401 to S403 correspond to the above-described steps S101 to S103, and a description thereof will be omitted.
When data reception is started in step S403, for example, the DMA formed in the lead-in area is read (S404), and it is determined whether or not the loaded disk has a replacement area (S405). .

If it is determined in step S405 that there is a replacement block, the disk 90 is rotated by CAV control (S406), and data writing is started (S407). If it is determined in step S405 that there is no replacement block, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by CLV control (S408), and data writing is started (S407).
When the data writing is started, it is determined whether or not the writing is finished (S409). When it is determined that the writing is finished, the recording process started in step S402 is finished (S410).
As a result, rotational drive with an emphasis on accessibility can be performed by CAV control for a disk with a replacement block, and the data transfer rate is set for a disk that does not have a replacement area. Rotation driving can be performed by the important CLV control.

8). Next, an example of processing steps in the case of performing disk rotation drive control based on whether or not to perform initialization processing of the disk 90 according to the flowchart shown in FIG. explain. Note that the initialization process is a process of performing a replacement process by, for example, inspecting a defective area for a rewritable disk that is a blank disk that has not been recorded.
For example, when a write command is supplied from the host computer 80 (S501), it is determined whether or not the disk 90 needs to be initialized before recording (S502). Here, as an example requiring the initialization process, as described above, for example, the disc is rewritable (CD-RW) and is a blank disc in which no data has been recorded. .
If it is determined that the initialization process is necessary, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by the CLV control (S503), and the initialization process is executed (S504). If it is determined in step S502 that the initialization process is not necessary, that is, if the disc is a rewritable disc that has been recorded in the past or a write-once disc, the disc 90 is driven to rotate by CAV control (S505). ), User data recording processing is executed (S506).
Note that after performing the initialization process in step S504, the process may be shifted to CAV control to perform user data recording process.

  As described above, the rotation drive control method of the disk 90 can be changed between the initialization process and the user data recording. As a result, efficient initialization processing can be performed with emphasis on the transfer rate, or user data can be recorded with emphasis on accessibility.

Next, an example of processing steps in the case where the rotational drive control of the disk 90 is performed based on the radial position of the disk at which recording is started will be described.
In this example, for example, based on the boundary position between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side based on the address on the disk 90, CLV control is performed with emphasis on the data transfer rate on the inner peripheral side of this boundary position, and access is performed on the outer peripheral side. CAV control is performed with emphasis on the performance.
By the way, as an address indicating a position on the disk 90, there are a physical address (physical block address; PHYSICAL BLOCK ADDRESS; PBA) and a logical address (logical block address; LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS; LBA). The physical address is assigned a continuous value for each block from the beginning of the lead-in area to the end of the lead-out area. This is the so-called absolute address of the disk.
Also. The logical address is assigned to the user area that is the access range in the normal recording / reproducing operation, and the first block in the user area is the logical address “0”. That is, if an address value for the lead-in area is added to the logical address as an offset, the value becomes a physical address.
Therefore, for example, the LBA corresponding to the next addressable address recorded in the lead-in area, that is, the write start position at the radial position of the disk 90, is discriminated and the rotation of the disk 90 is controlled. Go.

9. FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing steps for performing rotational drive control of the disk 90 based on the position at which data recording is started. In FIG. 16, steps S601 to S603 correspond to the above-described steps S101 to S103, and a description thereof will be omitted.
When reception of data is started in step S603, it is determined whether the recording start position (radial position) is on the inner periphery side or the outer periphery side of the disk 90 based on the next addressable address, for example (S604). .

If it is determined in step S604 that the recording start position is on the outer peripheral side, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by CAV control (S605), and a strategy switching process corresponding to the outer peripheral side is performed (S606). Is started (S607). If it is determined in step S604 that the recording start position is on the inner circumference side of the disk 90, the disk 90 is rotationally driven by CLV control (S608), and data writing is started (S607).
When the data writing is started, it is determined whether or not the writing is finished (S609), and when it is determined that the writing is finished, the recording process started in step S602 is finished (S610).

  In this way, by performing the rotational drive control of the disk 90 based on the data write start position at the radial position of the disk 90, it becomes possible to perform suitable recording control on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side. .

  When the disk 90 has an outer dimension (disk diameter) of, for example, 12 cm, recording is performed based on the processing steps shown in FIG. 16, and the disk having an outer dimension of, for example, 8 cm is used. CLV control may be performed over the entire recording area. Further, for example, recording is performed by performing CAV control for a disc formed with an outer dimension of 8 cm or more, and performing CLV control for a disc formed with an outer dimension of 8 cm or less. Good.

  1 pickup, 2 objective lens, 3 biaxial mechanism, 6 spindle motor, 10 system controller, 12 encode / decode unit, 14 servo processor, 80 host computer, 90 disk

Claims (6)

Laser light irradiation means for irradiating the loaded disc with laser light;
Reflected light detection means for detecting the amount of reflected light from the disk;
Drive means for rotationally driving the disk;
It is determined whether or not the disk is a rewritable disk based on the amount of reflected light detected by the reflected light detection means, and the drive means is rotated by CAV or CLV based on the determination result. Drive control means that can be controlled as follows:
A recording control means capable of executing recording on the disc in a state in which the rotational control is performed by the drive control means;
Recording apparatus having a. A reading means capable of reading data from a loaded disc;
Read control means capable of causing the read means to read type identification information indicating the type of the disc;
Drive means for rotationally driving the disk;
Drive control capable of determining whether or not the disk is a rewritable disk based on the type identification information, and controlling the drive means to rotate at CAV or CLV based on the determination result Means,
A recording control means capable of executing recording on the disc in a state in which the rotational control is performed by the drive control means;
Recording apparatus having a. A reading means capable of reading data from a loaded disc;
A reading control means capable of causing the reading means to read the recording start position information;
Drive means for rotationally driving the disk;
Based on the recording start position information, when the recording start position is on the inner circumference side of the disc, the drive means is rotated at CLV, and when the recording start position is on the outer circumference side of the disc, the drive means is a drive control means for driving rotation at CAV,
A recording control means capable of executing recording on the disc in a state in which the rotational control is performed by the drive control means;
Recording apparatus having a. Irradiating the disc with laser light;
Detecting the amount of reflected light from the disk;
Determining whether the disk is a rewritable disk based on the amount of the reflected light ; and
Controlling the disk to be driven to rotate at CAV or CLV based on the determination result ;
Executing recording in a state where the disk is rotationally driven;
Recording method with. Reading type identification information indicating the type of the disc from the loaded disc;
Determining whether the disc is a rewritable disc based on the type identification information ;
Controlling the disk to be driven to rotate at CAV or CLV based on the determination result ;
Executing recording in a state where the disk is rotationally driven;
Recording method with. From loaded The disk, a step of reading the recording start position information in the disc,
Based on the recording start position information, when the recording start position is on the inner circumference side of the disc, the drive means is rotated at CLV, and when the recording start position is on the outer circumference side of the disc, the disc is and controlling so as to rotate the drive in,
A step of performing recording on the disc in a state where the disc is rotationally driven;
Recording method with.

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