JP2011208068A - 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011208068A JP2011208068A JP2010078855A JP2010078855A JP2011208068A JP 2011208068 A JP2011208068 A JP 2011208068A JP 2010078855 A JP2010078855 A JP 2010078855A JP 2010078855 A JP2010078855 A JP 2010078855A JP 2011208068 A JP2011208068 A JP 2011208068A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- ester
- refrigerant
- hfc
- refrigerating machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 alcohol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CF VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(O)=O OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylvaleric acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(O)=O OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 44
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 33
- OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 33
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- BAZMYXGARXYAEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethyl valeric acid Chemical compound CCCC(CC)C(O)=O BAZMYXGARXYAEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C(O)=O CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 29
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 28
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N 2-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC[C@H](C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 27
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- XTCNGAJYWUIFFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(O)=O)CC(C)C XTCNGAJYWUIFFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 19
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- CYNQKJPFHUKKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-propylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(C(O)=O)CC(C)C CYNQKJPFHUKKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- JSNRRGGBADWTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(=C)C=C JSNRRGGBADWTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(CO)(CO)CO SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の冷凍機油は、脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステルであって、該エステルの構成脂肪酸に占める、2個以上の分岐鎖を有しかつ該分岐鎖の1個がα位炭素に結合した分岐鎖である脂肪酸の割合が、前記構成脂肪酸の全量を基準として10モル%以上であるエステルを含有する。また、本発明の冷凍機用作動流体組成物は、上記エステルと、冷媒と、を含有する。
【選択図】なし
Description
(1)脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステルであって、該エステルの構成脂肪酸に占める、2個以上の分岐鎖を有しかつ該分岐鎖の1個がα位炭素に結合した分岐鎖である脂肪酸の割合が、上記構成脂肪酸の全量を基準として10モル%以上であるエステルと、冷媒と、を含有する冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
(2)上記冷媒が不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含むものである、(1)に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
(3)上記冷媒がジフルオロメタンを含むものである、(1)または(2)に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
(4)上記冷媒が不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンの混合物である、(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
(5)脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステルであって、該エステルの構成脂肪酸に占める、2個以上の分岐鎖を有しかつ該分岐鎖の1個がα位炭素に結合した分岐鎖である脂肪酸の割合が、上記構成脂肪酸の全量を基準として10モル%以上であるエステルを含有する冷凍機油。
ペンタン酸;2−メチルブタン酸;3−メチルブタン酸;ヘキサン酸;2−メチルペンタン酸;2−エチルブタン酸;2−エチルペンタン酸;2−メチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる2種;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる3種;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる4種;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる5種;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる6種;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる7種;ペンタン酸と2−メチルブタン酸と3−メチルブタン酸とヘキサン酸と2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルペンタン酸と2−メチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルブタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;3−メチルブタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルブタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;3−メチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;3−メチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−エチルペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;2−メチルヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる2種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる2種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる2種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる3種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる3種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる3種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる4種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる4種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる4種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる5種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる5種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる5種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる6種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる6種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる6種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる7種と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる7種と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸、2−メチルブタン酸、3−メチルブタン酸、ヘキサン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−エチルブタン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸および2−メチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる7種と2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と2−メチルブタン酸と3−メチルブタン酸とヘキサン酸と2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルペンタン酸と2−メチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と2−メチルブタン酸と3−メチルブタン酸とヘキサン酸と2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルペンタン酸と2−メチルヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸;ペンタン酸と2−メチルブタン酸と3−メチルブタン酸とヘキサン酸と2−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルブタン酸と2−エチルペンタン酸と2−メチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸。
<2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸の合成>
先ず、2−エチル−4−メチル−2−ペンテナールを合成するため、n−ブチルアルデヒド100ml(80g、1.11モル)、イソブチルアルデヒド100ml(79g、1.1モル)を攪拌器、冷却管のついた500ml4つ口フラスコに入、80℃で攪拌しながら200mlの2.5モル%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を15分かけて滴下した。滴下開始から3時間後に室温まで冷却し、水層を分離後、有機層を3回水洗した。洗浄水がアルカリ性でないことを確認後、蒸留を行い2−エチル−4−メチルペンテナールを50g(0.40モル)得た。
次いで、この2−エチル−4−メチルペンテナール50g(0.4モル)を内容積150mlのオートクレーブに入れ、触媒として5重量%パラジウム担持活性炭0.5gを入れて、水素圧5MPa、反応温度100℃で2時間水素化反応を行った。触媒をろ過して得られた粗2−エチル−4−メチルペンタナール50gを、冷却管とガス導入管のついた3つ口フラスコに入れ、80ml/分の流通量で空気を吹き込み40℃で20時間酸化反応を行った。蒸留で精製し、40gの2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸40g(0.28モル)を得た。
<エステルの合成>
ペンタエリスリトール2gおよび2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸10.7gをディーンスターク油水分離管のついた100ml3つ口フラスコに入れ、窒素雰囲気下250℃で加熱した。水蒸気の発生が激しくなり、水による突沸が生じたら窒素を12.5 ml/minで流通し脱水しながら24時間反応を行った。未反応のカルボン酸を窒素気流下減圧除去しペンタエリスリトールと2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸とのテトラエステルを9.3g得た。
<2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸の合成>
n−ブチルアルデヒドに代えてバレルアルデヒドを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸を合成した。その結果、2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸を39g(0.25モル)得た。
<エステルの合成>
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とのカルボン酸混合物(2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸50モル%、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸50モル%)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと上記カルボン酸混合物とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸と2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸とのカルボン酸混合物(2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸50モル%、2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸50モル%)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと上記カルボン酸混合物とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸と2−エチルヘキサン酸とのカルボン酸混合物(2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸50モル%、2−エチルヘキサン酸50モル%)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと上記カルボン酸混合物とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチルヘキサン酸と2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸とのカルボン酸混合物(2−エチルヘキサン酸50モル%、2−プロピル−4−メチルペンタン酸50モル%)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと上記カルボン酸混合物とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチルヘキサン酸を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とのカルボン酸混合物(2−エチルヘキサン酸50モル%、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸50モル%)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと上記カルボン酸混合物とのテトラエステルを得た。
2−エチル−4−メチルペンタン酸に代えて、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、ペンタエリスリトールと3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステルを得た。
測定条件:
装置名:VARIAN INOVA 600 MHZ NMR
溶剤:CDCl3
温度:室温
JIS−K−2211「冷凍機油」の「冷媒との相溶性試験方法」に準拠して、表に示す冷媒16gと冷凍機油4gとの混合物を30℃から−40℃まで徐々に冷却し、混合物が相分離または白濁した温度を測定した。得られた結果を表2、3に示す。なお、表2、3中の「HFO−1234yf+R32」は、HFO−1234yfとR32との混合冷媒(HFO−1234yf/R32=50/50質量%)を意味する。また、表2、3中、「<−40」とは、本試験の測定温度域において相分離および白濁が認められなかったことを表す。また、表3中、「分離」とは、30℃で既に相分離または白濁していたことを表す。
200mlのオートクレーブに水分を1000ppmに調整した冷凍機油30g,HFO−1234yfを30g、空気90mlを封入し、175℃で336時間加熱した後の冷凍機油の酸価を測定した。得られた結果を表2、3に示す。
Claims (5)
- 脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステルであって、該エステルの構成脂肪酸に占める、2個以上の分岐鎖を有しかつ該分岐鎖の1個がα位炭素に結合した分岐鎖である脂肪酸の割合が、前記構成脂肪酸の全量を基準として10モル%以上であるエステルと、
冷媒と、
を含有する冷凍機用作動流体組成物。 - 前記冷媒が不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含むものである、請求項1に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記冷媒がジフルオロメタンを含むものである、請求項1または2に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記冷媒が不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンの混合物である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステルであって、該エステルの構成脂肪酸に占める、2個以上の分岐鎖を有しかつ該分岐鎖の1個がα位炭素に結合した分岐鎖である脂肪酸の割合が、前記構成脂肪酸の全量を基準として10モル%以上であるエステル
を含有する冷凍機油。
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WO2013062058A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-02 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機用作動流体組成物及び冷凍機油 |
KR20140139527A (ko) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-12-05 | 제이엑스 닛코닛세키에너지주식회사 | 냉동기용 작동 유체 조성물 |
JPWO2016002523A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-04-27 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | 耐摩耗添加剤、冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
JP2019056080A (ja) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-04-11 | 日本電産株式会社 | 流体動圧軸受用潤滑油、流体動圧軸受及びスピンドルモータ |
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