JP2011196549A - Selector valve and internal combustion engine including selector valve of this type - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved selector valve overcoming a defect of conventional technology provided with a complicated defect-solving means.SOLUTION: In the selector valve 1, particularly a selector valve 1 for controlling a hydraulic fluid, a ball point pen mechanism 2 is included, and the ball point pen mechanism 2 is configured to be alternately secured to a first securing position or a second securing position by applying an operation pulse I to an operating means 3 of the ball point pen mechanism 2, and it is connected to the selector valve 1 such that the first securing position and the second securing position corresponds to each of a first switching position and a second switching position of a control piston 6 of the selector valve 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a switching valve, and more particularly to a switching valve for controlling a hydraulic fluid flow. The invention further relates to an internal combustion engine comprising such a switching valve.

  Although it can be used for any vehicle, the present invention and the problems underlying the present invention will be described in detail with reference to a passenger vehicle.

  In an internal combustion engine, a high compression ratio has a positive effect on the efficiency of the internal combustion engine. The compression ratio is generally understood as the ratio of the total cylinder volume before compression to the cylinder volume left after compression. However, in an externally ignited internal combustion engine having a fixed compression ratio, particularly an Otto engine, the compression ratio must be selected to be high enough to avoid so-called knocking of the internal combustion engine during full load operation. However, because of the partial load region that occurs much more frequently in the internal combustion engine, that is, when the filling amount of the cylinder is low, a compression ratio having a higher value can be selected without occurrence of knocking. An important partial load region of the internal combustion engine can be improved if the compression ratio is variably adjustable. Different systems have been described for adjusting the compression ratio.

  Patent Document 1 below describes a system that can variably adjust the connecting rod length. The length of the connecting rod is changed by rotating an eccentric connecting rod eye (Pleuelage). The rotation of the connecting rod eye is introduced by the input of inertia force and gas force of the internal combustion engine. This rotational movement is assisted by a piston loaded with engine oil in the connecting rod. In order to control the rotational movement of the eccentric connecting rod eye, the engine oil is supplied to each of the pistons to increase the pressure, and the other piston is switched to no pressure. The piston is controlled via a 3-port 2-position valve. In order to switch the 3 port 2 position valve, the 3 port 2 position valve must be mechanically operated. For this purpose, for example, complicated solution means comprising a slide guide track, a shift rod and a slide rod, which are electromagnetically controlled from the outside, are provided. However, this requires a large-scale change of the internal combustion engine.

German Patent Application Publication No. 102005055199

  The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved switching valve which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks.

  In order to solve the above problems, a switching valve according to the present invention, particularly a switching valve for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid, includes a ballpoint pen mechanism (Kugelschreibermechanik), and the ballpoint pen mechanism sends an operation pulse to the operation means of the ballpoint pen mechanism. By being applied, the first locking position or the second locking position can be locked alternately, and the first locking position or the second locking position is the control piston of the switching valve. The switching valve is connected to the first switching position or the second switching position.

  Preferably, in order to switch the switching valve from the first switching position to the second switching position by applying the operation pulse to the operation means of the ballpoint pen mechanism, the control piston of the switching valve includes: It is possible to move a predetermined distance almost in the direction opposite to the direction of the operation pulse.

  Preferably, in order to switch the switching valve from the second switching position to the first switching position by applying the operation pulse to the operation means of the ballpoint pen mechanism, the control piston of the switching valve includes: A predetermined distance can be moved substantially in the direction of the operation pulse.

Preferably, the ballpoint pen mechanism is formed in the form of a Securit ^TM mechanism (Securit ^TM -Mechanik), in particular: a control sleeve for guiding the operating means and the rotating sleeve in the axial direction; the control piston; A rotating device and a spring device that pre-urges the operating means in the axial direction against the operation pulse, and the rotating sleeve is operatively coupled to the control sleeve and the operating means. When the operation pulse is applied to the control sleeve, the operation means accompanies the rotation sleeve with respect to the control sleeve, and the rotation sleeve alternately turns to the first locking position and the second locking position. It can move in the axial direction so that it can be occupied.

  Preferably, the control sleeve includes two control sleeve ribs disposed on the inner wall and extending in an axial direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve, and two inclined control sleeve rib end surfaces disposed on the end surface of the control sleeve. A control sleeve comprising a control sleeve groove disposed between adjacent control sleeve ribs and having control sleeve groove depths which are alternately different with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve; A rotating sleeve disposed within the sleeve and comprising a rotating sleeve rib complementary to the control sleeve groove and a rotating sleeve rib end surface of the inclined surface facing the control sleeve rib end surface of the inclined surface; A control piston in operative contact with the end face of the rotating sleeve; Operating means comprising an annular surface capable of guiding the inside of the control sleeve groove and having a tooth row in contact with the end surface of the rotating sleeve rib; a spring device comprising the control piston, the rotating sleeve, and the A spring device that biases the operation means in advance against the operation pulse.

  Preferably, when the operation pulse is applied to the operation means, the operation means is attached to the control sleeve with the rotation sleeve, and the rotation sleeve rib resists the spring force of the spring device. The annular sleeve including the tooth row and the rotating sleeve rib end surface are movable so as to be separated from the corresponding control sleeve groove having a control sleeve groove depth of one, and the rotating sleeve has a first rotation. The control sleeve rib end surface and the rotating sleeve rib end surface are slid relative to each other such that the rotating sleeve performs a second rotating motion, and the rotating sleeve rib is Engaging the control sleeve groove having a second control sleeve groove depth, the rotating sleeve is locked to one of the locking positions, and the control piston is operatively coupled to the rotating sleeve. Base There are movable in the one of the switching positions.

  Preferably, the number of rotating sleeve ribs is equal to half the number of control sleeve grooves.

  Preferably, the ballpoint pen mechanism is formed in the form of a ball mechanism (Kugelmechanik), in particular: a control sleeve for guiding the operating means in the axial direction, and a slidable radial groove in the control sleeve And a spring device that pre-biases the control piston and the operation means in the axial direction against the operation pulse, and the ball is operatively coupled to a groove provided in the operation means. When the operation pulse is applied to the operation means, the operation means alternately turns the first switching position and the second switching position on the control sleeve based on the action coupling with the ball. It can move in the axial direction so that it can be occupied.

  Preferably, the groove is formed as a heart-shaped groove.

  Preferably, the control sleeve is formed as a valve hole, in particular as a valve hole provided in a valve block comprising a fluid line through the valve hole corresponding to the respective fluid groove of the control piston. .

  Preferably, the operation pulse can be applied by fluid pressure.

  Preferably, the spring device is formed such that the switching valve is operated only when the operation pulse exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

  Further, in order to solve the above problems, in the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, the internal combustion engine has an adjustable compression ratio, and is disposed in the switching valve, the connecting rod support eye and / or the stroke support eye. And a connecting rod device having an eccentric device for adjusting an effective connecting rod length that can be adjusted hydraulically, and an adjustment stroke of the eccentric device can be controlled by the switching valve.

  Preferably, the switching valve is incorporated in the connecting rod device, in particular in the region of the stroke bearing eye.

  Preferably, the operating pulse can be applied by engine oil pressure, and the internal combustion engine comprises means for raising the engine oil pressure in the short term, such as a controllable oil pump or pressure accumulator.

  The switching valve according to the present invention, particularly the switching valve for controlling the flow of the working fluid, includes a ballpoint pen mechanism, and the ballpoint pen mechanism alternately applies the first locking position by applying an operation pulse to the operation means of the ballpoint pen mechanism. Alternatively, the first locking position or the second locking position can be locked at the second locking position, and the first locking position or the second locking position is at the first switching position or the second switching position of the control piston of the switching valve. Correspondingly, it is connected to a switching valve.

  Further, in the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, the internal combustion engine has an adjustable compression ratio, and can be adjusted hydraulically arranged in the switching valve and the connecting rod support eye and / or the stroke support eye. The connecting rod device includes an eccentric device for adjusting the effective connecting rod length, and the adjustment stroke of the eccentric device can be controlled by the switching valve.

  The basic idea of the present invention includes a ballpoint pen mechanism that selectively switches the switching valve from the first switching position to the second switching position or from the second switching position to the first switching position by applying an operation pulse. A switching valve is provided.

  In the dependent claims, advantageous aspects and improvements of the switching valve according to claim 1 or the internal combustion engine according to claim 13 are observed.

  In an advantageous embodiment, in order to switch the switching valve from the first switching position to the second switching position by applying an operating pulse to the operating means of the ballpoint pen mechanism, the control piston of the switching valve is substantially in the direction of the operating pulse. Can move a predetermined distance in the opposite direction. This aspect advantageously allows a simple switching of the switching valve from the first switching position to the second switching position.

  According to another advantageous embodiment, the control piston of the switching valve is substantially connected to the operating pulse for switching the switching valve from the second switching position to the first switching position by applying an operating pulse to the operating means of the ballpoint pen mechanism. A predetermined distance can be moved in the direction. This embodiment advantageously allows a simple switching of the switching valve from the second switching position to the first switching position.

In another advantageous embodiment, the ballpoint pen mechanism is formed in the form of a Secure ^TM mechanism, in particular: a control sleeve for guiding the operating means and the rotating sleeve in the axial direction, a control piston, a rotating sleeve and an operating means And a spring device that urges the actuator in advance in the axial direction against the operation pulse. The rotating sleeve is operatively coupled to the control sleeve and the operation means. When the operation pulse is applied to the operation means, the operation means is controlled. With respect to the sleeve, the rotation sleeve is movable in the axial direction so that the rotation sleeve can alternately occupy the first locking position and the second locking position. According to this aspect, the switching valve can be moved to both switching positions with high reliability only by operating the switching valve from one operation direction, thereby simplifying the use of the switching valve.

  In another advantageous aspect, the control sleeve includes a control sleeve rib disposed on the inner wall and extending in an axial direction with respect to a longitudinal direction of the control sleeve, and a control sleeve rib end surface of a slope disposed on the end surface of the control sleeve, A control sleeve comprising a control sleeve groove disposed between two adjacent control sleeve ribs and having control sleeve groove depths which are alternately different with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve; a pivot sleeve, at least partly a control sleeve A rotating sleeve comprising a rotating sleeve rib complementary to the control sleeve groove and an inclined rotating sleeve rib end surface facing the inclined control sleeve rib end surface; A control piston that is in operative contact with the end face of the rotating sleeve; Operating means comprising an annular surface with a tooth row acting in contact with the end face of the rotating sleeve rib; and a spring device, wherein the control piston, the rotating sleeve and the operating means are previously resisted by operating pulses. And an urging spring device. This aspect guarantees the simple manufacturability of the switching valve.

  In another advantageous aspect, when an operating pulse is applied to the operating means, the operating means with the rotating sleeve resists the spring force of the spring device in the control sleeve, and the rotating sleeve rib has the first control. An annular surface having a tooth row and a rotating sleeve rib end surface are movable so as to be disengaged from a corresponding control sleeve groove having a sleeve groove depth so that the rotating sleeve performs a first rotational movement. The control sleeve rib end surface and the rotating sleeve rib end surface are slid relative to each other so that the rotating sleeve performs a second rotational movement, and the rotating sleeve rib has a second control sleeve groove depth. The rotating sleeve is locked to one of the locking positions by being engaged with the control sleeve groove, and the control piston is movable to one of the switching positions based on the action coupling with the rotating sleeve. This aspect enables reliable and reliable switching from the first switching position to the second switching position and from the second switching position to the first switching position, whereby the reliability of the switching valve is improved. improves.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the number of rotating sleeve ribs is equal to half the number of control sleeve grooves. In this manner, it is ensured with high reliability that the pivot sleeve is guided in the control sleeve.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the ballpoint pen mechanism is formed in the form of a ball mechanism, in particular: a control sleeve for guiding the operating means in the axial direction and slidably arranged in a radial groove of the control sleeve And a spring device that biases the control piston and the operating means in advance in the axial direction against the operation pulse, and the ball is operatively connected to a groove provided in the operating means. When the operation pulse is applied, the operation means is movable in the axial direction so that it can alternately occupy the first switching position and the second switching position based on the action coupling with the ball. is there. This embodiment allows a particularly simple manufacturability of the switching valve.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the groove is formed as a heart-shaped groove. This aspect enables highly reliable guidance of the ball to both locking positions of the ballpoint pen mechanism.

  In another advantageous aspect, the control sleeve is formed as a valve hole, in particular as a valve hole provided in a valve block with a fluid line through the valve hole corresponding to the respective fluid groove of the control piston. Yes. By this embodiment, the use range of the switching valve is advantageously expanded.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the operating pulse can be applied by fluid pressure. According to this aspect, the switching valve is easily operated, and the use range of the switching valve is expanded.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the spring device is configured such that the switching valve is operated only when the operating pulse exceeds a predetermined threshold. This aspect reliably avoids unwanted switching of the switching valve. Thereby, the reliability of the switching valve is improved.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the switching valve is integrated in the connecting rod device, in particular in the region of the stroke bearing eye. Thereby, the switching valve only occupies a small configuration space. By this embodiment, the use range of the switching valve is advantageously expanded.

  In another advantageous manner, the operating pulse can be applied by means of engine oil pressure, and the internal combustion engine comprises means for increasing the engine oil pressure in the short term, for example a controllable oil pump or pressure accumulator. This embodiment advantageously allows the integration of the switching valve into an existing engine oil system. Thereby, the use range of a switching valve is expanded.

  In the following, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings based on embodiments.

1 is a partial sectional view of a switching valve according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention in a first switching position; FIG. 2 is a partial view of a switching valve according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing of the switching valve which concerns on advantageous embodiment of this invention along line III-III shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is another partial view of the switching valve according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 in the intermediate switching position. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a switching valve according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a second switching position. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a switching valve according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention in a first switching position. FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a switching valve according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6 in a second switching position. FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a switching valve according to still another advantageous embodiment of the present invention in a first switching position. FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view of a switching valve according to still another advantageous embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 in a second switching position. It is a side view of the application example of the switching valve in a 1st operation state. It is another side view of the application example of the switching valve shown in FIG. 10 in a 2nd driving | running state. It is a figure which shows an example of the oil pressure curve for controlling a switching valve.

  In the drawings, the same reference numerals refer to the same or functionally identical components unless otherwise stated.

  FIGS. 1-5, which are referred to simultaneously below, show a first exemplary embodiment of a switching valve 1 with a ballpoint pen mechanism (Kugelschreibermechanik) 2 for controlling the hydraulic fluid flow, in a first switching position. Is shown. The switching valve 1 includes a control piston 6 including a fluid groove 28. The control piston 6 has a columnar basic shape. A fluid groove 28 in the form of an annular groove 28 is provided on the peripheral surface of the control piston 6. The control piston 6 is supported, for example, in the valve hole 26 of the switching valve 1 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The valve hole 26 is preferably provided in a valve block 27. In the valve block 27, fluid lines 30 and 31 that are penetrated by the valve hole 26 are provided. The fluid lines 30, 31 are preferably spaced apart from each other in the axial direction with respect to the central axis 39 of the valve hole 26. The valve hole 26 is preferably formed as a blind hole. Alternatively, the valve hole may be formed as a through hole. Between the end face 40 of the valve hole 26 and the end face 41 of the control piston 6, a spring device 10, in particular a spring device 10 in the form of a compression spring 10, is arranged. Instead of the end face 40, the spring device 10 may be fastened against a retainer ring mounted in a corresponding annular groove of the valve hole 26. In this case, the valve hole 26 can be formed as a through hole, for example. The fluid pipes 30 and 31 are arranged so that one of the fluid pipes 30 and 31 is always closed by the control piston 6 due to the axial movement of the control piston 6 in the valve hole 26. Arranged in the direction. In FIG. 1, for example, the fluid conduit 31 is closed by the control piston 6. Fluid can flow through the fluid line 30, which is schematically indicated by arrows 4 and 5.

The ballpoint pen mechanism 2 is arranged so as to abut on the second end face 42 of the control piston 6. Ballpoint pen mechanism 2, for example, may be composed in the form of a so-called "Securit ^TM mechanism ^(Securit TM -Mechanik)". The ballpoint pen mechanism 2 includes a rotating sleeve 9 that abuts on the end face 42 of the control piston 6 and an operating means 3 that is operatively coupled to the rotating sleeve 9. Advantageously, the control piston 6 is formed integrally with the rotating sleeve 9. The operating means 3 is preferably formed as a pressing plunger 3. The rotating sleeve 9 and the operating means 3 are at least partially surrounded by the control sleeve 8 of the ballpoint pen mechanism 2. The control sleeve 8 may be an integral part of the valve hole 26, for example. The control sleeve 8 may be accommodated in the valve hole 26 so as not to be pivotable but freely movable in the axial direction, for example with radial play.

  FIG. 2 shows the switching valve 1 according to FIG. For convenience of understanding, the control sleeve 8 and the valve block 27 including the fluid lines 30 and 31 are not shown. The rotating sleeve 9 includes a first columnar section 43. The end surface 44 of the first columnar section 43 abuts on the end surface 42 of the control piston 6. The first columnar section 43 includes a rotating sleeve rib 16 on its peripheral surface. The rotating sleeve ribs 16 are regularly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction of the first columnar section 43. The rotating sleeve 9 includes at least one rotating sleeve rib 16. However, in the present embodiment, the rotating sleeve 9 includes four rotating sleeve ribs 16. The rotating sleeve rib 16 includes an inclined rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 on an end surface 46 opposite to the end surface 44 of the first columnar section 43. The rotating sleeve 9 includes a second columnar section 45 extending from the end face 46 of the first columnar section 43. The second columnar section 45 preferably has a smaller outer diameter than the first columnar section 43.

  The second columnar section 45 is at least partially accommodated by the operating means 3. The operating means 3 is formed, for example, as a sleeve, preferably with a closed end face 47. An annular surface 20 having a tooth row of the operating means 3 is provided at a distance from the end surface 47 in parallel. The annular surface 20 including the tooth row is operatively coupled to the rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 on the inclined surface of the rotating sleeve 9. An operation means rib 19 is provided on the outer surface of the operation means 3. The operating means ribs 19 are preferably arranged equally spaced apart around the operating means 3. The operating means rib 19 preferably has a slightly smaller outer diameter than the rotating sleeve rib 16. Further, the operating means 3 has a stepped portion 48. The step 48 starts from the end face 47 and extends towards the annular face 20 with the dentition, and advantageously occupies about one third of the length of the operating means 3. The outer diameter of the stepped portion 48 of the operating means 3 substantially corresponds to the hole diameter of the valve hole 26 or corresponds to a value larger than the hole diameter of the valve hole 26. The outer diameter of the stepped portion 48 is configured such that the operating means 3 can advantageously slide slidably within the valve hole 26. The operating means 3 can be pre-biased by means of a spring device 10 against an axial stopper, for example an axial stopper in the form of a retainer ring arranged in the annular groove of the valve hole 26.

  As already described, the control sleeve 8 at least partially surrounds the operating means 3 and the rotating sleeve 9. FIG. 3 shows the switching valve 1 in a cross-sectional view along the line III-III shown in FIG. For convenience of understanding, the control sleeve 8 is shown alone. A control sleeve rib 12 extending in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve 8 is disposed on the inner wall 11 of the control sleeve 8. The control sleeve rib 12 includes an inclined control sleeve rib end surface 14. The control sleeve rib end face 14 is disposed on one end face 13 side of the control sleeve 8. A control sleeve groove 15 is formed between each two adjacent control sleeve ribs 12. The control sleeve groove 15 has control sleeve groove depths t 1 and t 2 that are alternately different with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve 8. Each of the control sleeve grooves 15 has, for example, a control sleeve groove 15 extending over the entire control sleeve 8 having a depth t1 equal to the axial length of the control sleeve 8, and extends only to a depth t2 in the axial direction of the control sleeve 8. The control sleeve grooves 15 that are not formed are alternately arranged. The rotating sleeve rib 16 and the operating means rib 19 are preferably operatively engaged with the control sleeve groove 15 and guided axially by the control sleeve groove 15. The number of control sleeve grooves 15 corresponds to, for example, at least twice the number of rotating sleeve ribs 16.

Below, the functional form of the switching valve 1 provided with the ball-point pen mechanism 2 of the form of a Secure ^TM mechanism is demonstrated. 1 to 3 show the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 in the first locking position or the switching valve 1 in the first switching position. In the first switching position, the fluid line 30 penetrating the valve hole 26 is opened via the fluid groove 28 of the control piston 6, and the second fluid line 31 is blocked by the control piston 6. In the first locking position of the ballpoint pen mechanism, the rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 abuts at least the point surface of the end surface 49 of the control sleeve groove 15 extending only to the control sleeve groove depth t2 in the control sleeve 8. Yes. The rotating sleeve 9 protrudes from the control sleeve 8 in the axial direction.

  In order to move the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 from the first locking position to the second locking position, or in order to shift the switching valve 1 from the first switching position to the second switching position, An operation pulse I is applied to the end face 47. For this reason, a force acting against the spring force formed by the spring device 10 is applied in the short term. This operation pulse can be applied to the operation means 3 via, for example, a hydraulic pulse. With the operation pulse I, the operating means 3 is moved inward of the valve hole 26 against the spring force of the spring device 10 together with the rotating sleeve 9 and the control piston 6. At that time, the operating means rib 19 and the rotating sleeve rib 16 are guided in the axial direction in the control sleeve groove 15. When the rotating sleeve 9 is moved in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 4 until the rotating sleeve rib 16 is disengaged from the corresponding control sleeve groove 15, the rotating sleeve 9 is moved by the operating means 3 to the control sleeve groove. For example, it is completely pushed out of the control sleeve 8 in the axial direction. As long as the ribs 16 and 19 are guided in the guide sleeve groove 15, the rotating sleeve rib 16 and the operating means rib 19 are arranged on the tooth surface of the annular surface 20 with the rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 on the inclined surface. 2 so that the sliding from the intermediate position shown in FIG. 2 to the stable end position shown in FIG. 4 is suppressed based on the axial guidance by the control sleeve 8 in the circumferential direction. Thus, the rotating sleeve 9 or the operating means 3 is arranged. In the position shown in FIG. 2, the rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 is located on the tooth surface of the annular surface 20 including the tooth row at a so-called unstable intermediate position. When the rotating sleeve rib 16 is disengaged from the control sleeve groove 15, the rotating sleeve rib end face 17 slides on the tooth surface of the annular surface 20 having the tooth row. Thereby, the rotation sleeve rib end surface 17 occupies the stable end position shown in FIG. At that time, the rotating sleeve 9 performs a small first rotational movement with respect to the control sleeve 8. When the operation pulse I ends, the rotating sleeve 9 moves in the direction opposite to the operation direction of the operation means 3 based on the spring force of the spring device 10. Since the rotation sleeve 9 has performed the rotational movement based on the sliding movement of the end surface 17 of the rotation sleeve rib on the tooth surface of the annular surface 20 provided with the tooth row of the operation means 3, the rotation sleeve rib 16 has the above-mentioned configuration. The rotating sleeve rib end face 17 contacts the control sleeve rib end face 14 without engaging the corresponding control sleeve groove 15 having the depth t2. As a result, the rotating sleeve rib end surface 17 slides on the control sleeve rib end surface 14, and the rotating sleeve 9 performs a further second small rotational movement. At this time, the rotating sleeve rib 16 is introduced into the control sleeve groove 15 having a depth t <b> 1 extending over the entire axial length of the control sleeve 8. Thereby, the first columnar section 43 of the rotating sleeve 9 is advantageously completely accommodated in the control sleeve 8. Based on the spring force of the spring device 10, the end face 42 of the control piston 6 is pressed against the end face 13 of the control sleeve 8. The ballpoint pen mechanism 2 is now in the second locking position shown in FIG. 5, which corresponds to the second switching position of the switching valve 1. At the second switching position of the switching valve 1, the fluid passage 30 is blocked and the fluid flows through the fluid passage 31. By applying the operation pulse I again, the rotating sleeve 9 further rotates, and the switching valve 1 shifts to the first switching position again.

  FIGS. 6 and 7, referred to simultaneously below, show an alternative but also advantageous embodiment of a switching valve 1 with a ballpoint pen mechanism 2. Functionally, the embodiment of the switching valve 1 according to FIGS. 6 and 7 corresponds to the above-described embodiment of the switching valve 1. The embodiment of the switching valve 1 according to FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the embodiment of the switching valve 1 according to FIGS. The valve hole 26 is formed as a stepped through hole 26. The spring device 10 is tightened with respect to a retainer ring 62 mounted in the annular groove 61. The spring device 10 attaches the control piston 6 including the fluid groove 28 and another fluid groove 29 axially spaced from the fluid groove 28 and the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 toward the step 64 of the valve hole 26. It is fast. The fluid line 30 corresponds to the fluid groove 28, and the fluid line 31 corresponds to the fluid groove 29. A control line 63 is provided in the valve block 27. The control line 63 serves to supply a fluid toward the operating means 3 in order to apply an operating pulse I to the operating means 3. FIG. 6 shows a first switching position of the switching valve 1. In the first switching position, the fluid conduit 31 is blocked by the control piston 6 and the fluid conduit 30 is flowed by the fluid as indicated by arrows 4 and 5. FIG. 7 shows the second switching position of the switching valve 1. In the second switching position, the fluid line 30 is blocked by the control piston 6, and the fluid line 31 is flown by the fluid as indicated by arrows 4 and 5.

  8 and 9 show another alternative, but still advantageous, embodiment of the switching valve 1 with a ballpoint pen mechanism 2. In this exemplary embodiment, the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 is formed as a “ball mechanism (Kugelmechanik)”. In the valve hole 26, the spring device 10, the control piston 6, and the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 are disposed. The operating means 3 is in contact with the end face 42 of the control piston 6. The operating means 3 is at least partially surrounded by a control sleeve 8 and is movably supported in the control sleeve 8. The control sleeve 8 is an integral part of the valve hole 26, for example. As shown in FIG. 8, the control sleeve 8 may be fixed in the valve hole 26 so as not to drop off in the axial direction of the valve hole 26 by two retainer rings 65 and 66. A radial groove 24 is provided in the control sleeve 8, preferably annularly. The radial groove 24 serves to at least partially receive the ball 23, in particular the steel ball 23. A groove 25, particularly a heart-shaped groove 25, is provided on the peripheral surface of the operation means 3. The groove 25 also serves to at least partially accommodate the ball 23. The operating means 3 is operatively engaged with the radial groove 24 of the control sleeve 8 via a ball 23. In the first locking position shown in FIG. 8 of the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 corresponding to the first switching position of the switching valve 1, the ball 23 is held at the locking point on the upper side of the heart-shaped groove 25. The position of the ball 23 is held by the spring force of the spring device 10 at the upper locking point. The fluid conduit 31 is blocked, and the fluid conduit 30 can flow through with fluid as schematically indicated by arrows 4 and 5.

  When the operation pulse I is input to the end face 47 of the operation means 3, the operation means 3 moves in the valve hole 26 in the axial direction, and the ball 23 is advantageously rotated clockwise along the heart-shaped groove 25 in a ball-point pen mechanism. 2 is slid from the first locking position shown in FIG. 8 to the second locking position shown in FIG. 9 corresponding to the second switching position of the switching valve 1. At the same time, the ball moves in the radial groove 24 of the control sleeve 8. At the second locking position, the position of the ball 23 is again held by the spring device 10. The fluid line 30 is shut off at the second switching position of the switching valve 1, and the fluid line 31 can flow. When the operation pulse I is applied again, the ball 23 further slides clockwise and returns to the first locking position of the ballpoint pen mechanism 2.

10 and 11 show an exemplary application for the switching valve 1 according to an exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11 show a connecting rod assembly 33 for an internal combustion engine having an adjustable compression ratio. The connecting rod assembly 33 comprises a connecting rod 56 and an advantageously hydraulically adjustable eccentric device 36 which is arranged in a connecting rod support eye 34 of the connecting rod 56. As an alternative or in addition, an eccentric device 36 may be arranged in the stroke bearing eye 35. The eccentric device 36 comprises a piston pin hole with a center point 38 that is arranged eccentrically with respect to the center point 37 of the connecting rod eye 34. The piston pin hole receives the piston pin. The eccentric device 36 serves to adjust the effective connecting rod length l _eff . As the connecting rod length l _eff , the distance between the center point 32 of the stroke support eye 35 and the center point 38 of the piston pin hole is defined.

  The rotation of the adjustable eccentric device 36 is provided by the action of the inertial force and load of the internal combustion engine acting on the eccentric device 36 during the work cycle of the internal combustion engine. During the work cycle, the direction of the force acting on the eccentric device 35 changes continuously. The rotational motion is assisted by pistons 50, 51 incorporated in the connecting rod assembly 33, which are loaded by engine oil, or the pistons are eccentric based on the changing direction of the force acting on the eccentric device. The return of the device 36 is prevented. The pistons 50 and 51 are operatively coupled to the eccentric body 69 of the eccentric device 36 on both sides by eccentric rods 67 and 68. The pistons 50 and 51 can apply a force from the stroke support eye 35 through the oil pipelines 52 and 53 with the engine oil. At that time, the check valves 54 and 55 prevent the engine oil from flowing back from the piston volume of the pistons 50 and 51 to the hydraulic lines 52 and 53 or the engine chamber of the internal combustion engine.

  The switching valve 1 with the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 is preferably provided in the region of the stroke bearing eye 35. The switching valve 1 is advantageously formed as a pre-assembled group of components and can be used arbitrarily at different positions and for different engines. That is, the connecting rod 56 forms the valve block 27 of the switching valve 1. The valve hole 26 extends inside the connecting rod 56 as a stepped blind hole starting from the stroke support eye 35, for example. The same hydraulic pressure supplied to the oil pipes 52 and 53 is supplied to the operating means 3. In order to prevent the operating means 3 from falling off the valve hole 26, for example, a retainer ring 57 is provided in a corresponding groove of the valve hole 26. The fluid conduit 30 connects the pressure chamber of the piston 50 to the engine inner chamber, and the fluid conduit 31 connects the pressure chamber of the piston 51 to the engine inner chamber. The openings of the fluid lines 30 and 31 into the engine interior are not shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 and are formed, for example, by one exhaust hole, respectively, perpendicular to the plane of the drawing toward the control piston 6. Is done. The connection of one fluid line 30, 31 leading to the engine inner chamber can be shut off or opened by the switching valve 1. In terms of manufacturing technology, the fluid pipes 30 and 31 are constituted by, for example, holes penetrating from the outer surface of the connecting rod 56 to the piston chambers of the pistons 50 and 51 and the valve hole 26. The part is sealed in an oil-tight manner by, for example, closing balls 70 and 71.

  FIG. 10 shows the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 in the second locking position or the switching valve 1 in the second switching position. The piston 51 is connected to the engine inner chamber of the internal combustion engine through the fluid conduit 31 so as to be flowable. That is, the piston 51 is switched to no pressure by the switching valve 1. The oil supplied through the hydraulic line 53 is supplied to the engine inner chamber through the fluid line 31. The pressure relief of the fluid conduit 30 of the piston 50 is blocked by the control piston 6 of the switching valve 1. That is, the engine oil pressure is supplied to the piston 50 via the hydraulic pressure line 52, while the piston 51 has no pressure.

For example, when the engine oil pressure is increased in a short time via a controllable oil supply pump of an internal combustion engine or via a hydraulic accumulator, a corresponding operation pulse I is applied to the operation means 3 of the switching valve 1. Is done. As a result, the switching valve 1 moves from the second switching position to the first switching position shown in FIG. At the first switching position of the switching valve 1, the fluid conduit 31 is blocked by the control piston 6 between the piston 51 and the engine inner chamber. As a result, the engine oil pressure is supplied to the piston 51 via the oil conduit 53. The piston 50 is connected to the engine inner chamber via a fluid conduit 30 opened by the switching valve 1. That is, the piston 50 has no pressure at the first switching position of the switching valve 1. That is, while the piston 51 is continuously filled with engine oil, the engine oil flows from the piston 50 into the engine inner chamber through the fluid conduit 30 and the switching valve 1. Thereby, the adjustable eccentric device 36 is assisted by the piston 51 to which pressure is applied based on the inertial force and load acting on the eccentric device 36 of the internal combustion engine, as schematically shown by the arrow 72. Turn clockwise and clockwise. As the eccentric device 36 rotates, the effective connecting rod length l _eff increases. Thereby, the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine changes.

By applying the operation pulse I to the operation means 3 again, the switching valve shifts from the first switching state to the second switching state. Thereby, the eccentric device 36 moves counterclockwise in the direction opposite to the arrow 72. The effective connecting rod length l _eff decreases again.

  FIG. 12 shows, as an example, the transition of the engine oil pressure in which the operation pulse I is applied to the operation means 3 of the switching valve 1. The pressure p is shown on the y-axis of the graph, and the time t is shown on the x-axis. The switching valve 1 is initially in a first switching position, for example. The switching position of the switching valve 1 is indicated by a curve 74. A portion indicated by a solid line in the curve 74 indicates a first switching position, and a portion indicated by a broken line indicates a second switching position. Yes. The transition of the engine oil pressure is shown by a curve 73. The engine oil pressure is initially raised to the first pressure plateau 58 for a short time after having changed to a normal level. At this time, the switching valve 1 is switched from the first switching position to the second switching position. The increase in the engine oil pressure to the pressure of the pressure plateau 58 causes the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 to be locked from the first locking position to the second locking position, or from the second locking position to the first locking position. It is only necessary until it is done. After the ballpoint pen mechanism 2 is locked, the engine oil pressure can be lowered again to the initial level. By re-increasing the engine oil pressure to the second pressure plateau 75, the switching valve 1 can be operated again. The switching valve 1 switches from the second switching state to the first switching state again.

  That is, the switching valve 1 can be controlled without complicated external operation. Control of switching from the first switching position to the second switching position or from the second switching position to the first switching position is performed by applying an operation pulse I, for example, by a short-term increase in engine oil pressure of the internal combustion engine. Made. Therefore, the switching valve 1 can be easily integrated into an existing engine oil system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Switching valve, 2 Ball-point pen mechanism, 3 Operation means / Pressing plunger, 4 Arrow, 5 Arrow, 6 Control piston, 8 Control sleeve, 9 Rotating sleeve, 10 Spring device, 11 Inner wall, 12 Control sleeve rib, 13 End surface, 14 Control sleeve rib end surface, 15 control sleeve groove, 16 rotating sleeve rib, 17 rotating sleeve rib end surface, 19 operating means rib, 20 annular surface with tooth row, 23 balls, 24 radial grooves, 25 grooves / heart-shaped Groove, 26 Valve hole, 27 Valve block, 28 Fluid groove, 29 Fluid groove, 30 Fluid line, 31 Fluid line, 32 Stroke bearing eye center point, 33 Connecting rod assembly, 34 Connecting rod bearing eye, 35 Stroke bearing eye, 36 eccentric device, 37 center point of connecting rod eye, 38 center point of piston pin hole, 3 Central axis, 40 end surface, 41 end surface, 42 end surface, 43 first columnar section, 44 end surface, 45 second columnar section, 46 end surface, 47 end surface, 48 stepped portion, 49 end surface, 50 piston, 51 piston, 52 liquid Pressure line / Oil line, 53 Hydraulic line / Oil line, 54 Check valve, 55 Check valve, 56 Connecting rod, 57 Retainer ring, 58 Pressure plateau, 61 Radial groove, 62 Retainer ring, 63 Control line , 64 steps, 65 retainer ring, 66 retainer ring, 67 eccentric rod, 68 eccentric rod, 69 eccentric body, 70 closed ball, 71 closed ball, 72 arrow, 73 engine oil pressure transition, 74 switching position curve, 75 pressure plateau, I operation pulse, _{l eff} the effective connecting rod length, t the time, p the pressure, t1 depth of the control sleeve groove t2 depth of the control sleeve groove

Claims (15)

  The change-over valve (1), particularly the change-over valve (1) for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid, includes a ball-point pen mechanism (2), and the ball-point pen mechanism (2) is an operation means (3) of the ball-point pen mechanism (2) Can be alternately locked to the first locking position or the second locking position by applying the operation pulse (I) to the first locking position or the second locking position. The switching valve (1) is connected to the switching valve (1) so as to correspond to the first switching position or the second switching position of the control piston (6) of the switching valve (1). valve.   In order to switch the switching valve (1) from the first switching position to the second switching position by applying the operation pulse (I) to the operating means (3) of the ballpoint pen mechanism (2), The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the control piston (6) of the switching valve (1) is movable a predetermined distance substantially in the direction opposite to the direction of the operation pulse (I).   In order to switch the switching valve (1) from the second switching position to the first switching position by applying the operation pulse (I) to the operating means (3) of the ballpoint pen mechanism (2), The switching valve according to claim 2, wherein the control piston (6) of the switching valve (1) is movable a predetermined distance substantially in the direction of the operation pulse (I). The ballpoint pen mechanism (2) is formed in the form of a Secure ^TM mechanism, in particular:
A control sleeve (8) for guiding the operating means (3) and the rotating sleeve (9) in the axial direction;
A spring device (10) for pre-biasing the control piston (6), the rotating sleeve (9) and the operation means (3) in the axial direction against the operation pulse (I);
The rotating sleeve (9) is operatively coupled to the control sleeve (8) and the operating means (3). When the operating pulse (I) is applied to the operating means (3), the operating means (3 ) Is accompanied by the rotation sleeve (9) with respect to the control sleeve (8), and the rotation sleeve (9) alternates between the first locking position and the second locking position. The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the switching valve is movable in an axial direction so as to be able to occupy the same. A control sleeve (8) disposed on the inner wall (11) and extending axially with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve (8); and an end surface (13) of the control sleeve (8) The control sleeve rib end face (14) of the inclined surface to be disposed and the control sleeve groove depths which are alternately arranged with respect to the longitudinal direction of the control sleeve (8) are arranged between two adjacent control sleeve ribs (12). A control sleeve (8) comprising a control sleeve groove (15) having;
A rotating sleeve (9) disposed at least partially within the control sleeve (8) and complementary to the control sleeve groove (15); A rotating sleeve (9) comprising an inclined rotating sleeve rib end surface (17) facing the inclined control sleeve rib end surface (14);
A control piston (6), which is in operative contact with the end face (44) of said rotating sleeve (9);
An operating surface (3), which can be guided in the control sleeve groove (15) by the operating device rib (19), and has an annular surface having a tooth row that is in operative contact with the rotating sleeve rib end surface (17). 20) operating means (3) comprising;
A spring device (10) for pre-biasing the control piston (6), the rotating sleeve (9) and the operating means (3) against the operation pulse (I). The switching valve according to claim 4, comprising:   When the operation pulse (I) is applied to the operation means (3), the operation means (3) is attached to the control sleeve (8) with the rotating sleeve (9). The rotating sleeve rib (16) is movable against a spring force so as to be disengaged from a corresponding control sleeve groove (15) having a first control sleeve groove depth, and comprises the dentition. The annular surface (20) and the rotating sleeve rib end surface (17) are in contact with each other so that the rotating sleeve (9) performs a first rotational movement, and the control sleeve rib end surface (14) and the above-mentioned The rotating sleeve rib end surface (17) slides relative to each other so that the rotating sleeve (9) performs a second rotational movement, and the rotating sleeve rib (16) has a second control sleeve groove depth. Engaging the control sleeve groove (15) The rotating sleeve (9) is locked to one of the locking positions, and the control piston (6) is moved to one of the switching positions based on the action coupling with the rotating sleeve (9). 6. The switching valve according to claim 5, which is possible.   The switching valve according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the number of rotating sleeve ribs (16) is equal to half of the number of control sleeve grooves (15). The ballpoint pen mechanism (2) is formed in the form of a ball mechanism, in particular:
A control sleeve (8) for guiding the operating means (3) in the axial direction;
A ball (23) slidably disposed in a radial groove (24) of the control sleeve (8);
A spring device (10) for pre-biasing the control piston (6) and the operation means (3) in the axial direction against the operation pulse (I);
The ball (23) is operatively coupled to a groove (25) provided in the operation means (3), and when the operation pulse (I) is applied to the operation means (3), the operation means (3 ) In the axial direction so that it can occupy the first switching position and the second switching position alternately with respect to the control sleeve (8) based on the action coupling with the ball (23). The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switching valve is movable.   9. Switching valve according to claim 8, wherein the groove (25) is formed as a heart-shaped groove (25).   The control sleeve (8) serves as a valve hole (26), in particular a fluid line (30) through the valve hole (26) corresponding to the respective fluid groove (28, 29) of the control piston (6). , 31), the switching valve according to any one of claims 5 to 9, which is formed as a valve hole (26) provided in a valve block (27).   The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the operation pulse (I) can be applied by fluid pressure.   12. The spring device (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 11, wherein the spring device (10) is formed so that the switching valve (1) is operated only when the operation pulse (I) exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The switching valve according to claim 1. An internal combustion engine having an adjustable compression ratio;
A switching valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Connecting rod device (36) comprising an eccentric device (36) for adjusting the effective connecting rod length (l _eff ), which is hydraulically adjustable and is arranged in the connecting rod bearing eye (34) and / or the stroke bearing eye (35). 33)
An internal combustion engine characterized in that the adjustment stroke of the eccentric device (36) can be controlled by the switching valve (1).   14. Internal combustion engine according to claim 13, wherein the switching valve (1) is incorporated in the connecting rod device (33), in particular in the region of the stroke bearing eye (35).   The operating pulse (I) can be applied by engine oil pressure and the internal combustion engine comprises means for raising the engine oil pressure in the short term, for example a controllable oil pump or pressure accumulator. The internal combustion engine according to 13 or 14.

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