CN85202026U - Differential pressure type oil distribution mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a differential pressure type oil distribution mechanism. The oil distribution mechanism of the hydraulic rock drill is composed of an oil distribution sleeve and a differential pressure type reversal valve. The oil distribution sleeve is arranged in the oil cylinder of the hydraulic rock drill and the machine performance can be adjusted inside, which solves the problems of the sealing and the oil leakage caused easily by the adjustments of the outside structure. The oil cylinder has a good manufacturability. One boss face of the valve core of the reversal valve is communicated with the normal pressure oil, while the other opposite boss face is communicated with the pressure oil or the return oil between times, and the load area of both faces are unequal, so that the valve forms the differential pressure type reversing. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high speed and low fuel consumption of pushing valve.

Description

A kind of differential oil distribution mechanism

The partial structurtes that the invention belongs to hydraulic gate are improved.

The oil distribution mechanism that multiple Impact Mechanism of Hydraulic Rock Drill has been arranged is as COP1038HD hydraulic gate of Sweden etc.They generally are the valve openings that pushes away that oil cylinder is provided with a plurality of diverse locations, link up the oil circuit between valve opening and the reversal valve of pushing away of each diverse location respectively by the transposing adjusting plug, thereby change piston stroke, impact energy and frequency of impact.Change the performance of machine with adjusting plug, this mode is regulated no doubt more convenient, but for the user.Generally be not need often to change the impact energy of machine and frequency of impact, so also needn't often change adjusting plug.This governor motion more complicated on technology, inconvenience processing, sealing difficulty in the use, cause outside leakage of oil easily, the processing cost of oil cylinder is also than higher, if fluid impurity is more or improper use causes the heavy wear of cylinder bore, then whole cylinder will be scrapped, and brings very big economic loss to the user.With push away valve opening and form the reversal valve of control oil channel jointly, a kind of differential reversal valve is arranged in the prior art, from U.S. Gardner--the data that Denver company obtains recognizes that the HPR-BW type hydraulic gate of the said firm is this type.The characteristics of this valve are to be communicated with pressure oil in the axially extending bore of spool all the time, by changing the cross-sectional area in the through hole, make spool an end pressurized and rely on the other end, the commutation of valve then is alternately will push away valve opening by piston in motion process to connect pressure oil or oil return and carry out.This valve mainly contains following two problems: 1, pressure oil is communicated with the endoporus of spool, and like this because the fast moving in spool when commutation, pressure oil and spool inner hole wall mutual friction mutually produce very high oil temperature, cause heating, and energization loses.2, at the logical pressure oil of endoporus of spool, will make that the physical dimension of valve is bigger, increase the weight of valve.

The present invention is directed to the deficiency of above-described hydraulic gate oil distribution mechanism, improve.Its main points are to manufacture a valve opening that pushes away that is used to adjust control oil channel of joining oil jacket and can be processed with a plurality of diverse locations thereon as required.To join oil jacket and be assemblied in the endoporus of oil cylinder, and make the valve opening that pushes away of joining on the oil jacket be communicated with, constitute control oil channel with the valve pocket that pushes away of reversal valve.Be processed with axial hole and radial hole on the spool of reversal valve, two holes are intersected and are communicated with oil return by oil return cavity volume in the reversal valve, and the available oil return of variation of the two ends cavity volume that causes when commutating of spool is mended and tasted like this.By the combination of spool and valve pocket, four ring-shaped chambers have been constituted.One cavity volume cut-in pressure oil is all the time arranged; There is a cavity volume to connect oil return all the time; Have a cavity volume both pushed away valve pocket then with join oil jacket on the valve opening that pushes away be communicated with, by piston when joining the motion of oil jacket endoporus and with its logical pressure oil, the time and logical oil return; Also having a cavity volume is the control that is subjected to the spool commutation, alternately is communicated with pressure oil and oil return.The face area that pushes away the valve pocket inner spool is greater than the face area of cut-in pressure oil cavity volume inner spool all the time, when pushing away valve pocket connection oil return, owing to the oil of cut-in pressure all the time cavity volume inner spool end face all the time pressurized make spool rely on an end, the commutation of spool then is after pushing away valve pocket and entering pressure oil, forms differential commutation.

The said reversal valve of the present invention compared with the prior art, size is less, and is simple in structure.With the method for electrical measurement as can be seen, adopt the structure of the said reversal valve of the present invention to reduce lag time between piston and the spool.Valve is when commutation, and polarization is better, and response speed is fast, working stability, and it is extremely low to push away the valve fuel consumption.The variation of the cavity volume that the spool two ends time cause in commutation is mended with oil return and to be tasted the shortcoming that the oil temperature that has caused when having overcome the commutation of spool high frequency sharply raises.The present invention is said to be adopted in the hydraulic rock Oil cylinder and joins oil jacket and join oil, this method makes improve greatly the application life of oil cylinder, and oil cylinder good manufacturability, the performance of machine are adjusted to join on the oil jacket carries out, belong to interior accent, avoided adjusting problems such as the leakage of oil produce and sealing because of the outside.Because the said differential oil distribution mechanism of the present invention has anufacturability preferably, will make the cost of hydraulic gate decrease.

Accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the present invention.Be equipped with in the oil cylinder (2) and join oil jacket (3), front and back fairlead (17) (22) will be joined oil jacket and be located in oil cylinder, and piston (1) is slidingly matched in the hole of joining oil jacket (8).Join and mill two square grooves (4) (5) on the oil jacket outer round surface, two square grooves are communicated with by the oil duct of joining on the oil jacket outer round surface.In square groove, be processed with four be used to adjust control oil channel push away valve opening (12) (13) (14) (15), push away valve opening and communicate with the hole of joining oil jacket (8), also can process the valve opening that pushes away more than four as required.Be drilled with through hole (7) in joining oil jacket cannelure (6), cannelure (6) communicates with oil circuit (20) valve pocket (28) on the oil cylinder.Oil circuit (19) is with square groove (4) (5) and push away valve pocket (27) communication.

Reversal valve is to be made of valve pocket (35), spool (43), end cap (31) (36).As shown in the figure, valve pocket (35) has the through hole (42) of a vary in diameter, and spool (43) therein can be reciprocating.Four sealing surfaces (23) (24) (25) (26) are arranged in hole (42), in the middle of per two adjacent seal faces a ring-shaped chamber (28) (29) (30) is arranged.Spool (43) has three boss (32) (33) (34), they separate to being spaced a distance along poppet shaft, so that spool is between two terminal location when reciprocating, cavity volume (28) and (29) or (29) and (30) are communicated with.Boss (32) matches with valve pocket sealing surface (23), and spool axial plane (38) matches with the hole (37) of end cap (31), has constituted to push away valve cavity volume (27).On spool, be drilled with axial hole (41), radial hole (40), two holes are intersected and are communicated with fuel tank (47) by ring-shaped chamber (28), oil return pipe (45).Ring-shaped chamber (30) joins with oil inlet pipe (46), and communicates with oil cylinder ante-chamber (11) again through oil circuit (18).Ring-shaped chamber (29) communicates with oil cylinder back cavity (16) by oil circuit (21).

Brief description operating principle of the present invention once: at first can be as required push away valve opening other thing stifled with oil or similar functions on the oil jacket and form the various oily modes of joining with joining, if, then can mate 10 kinds and join oily mode joining the valve opening that pushes away that is processed with four kinds of positions on the oil jacket.For example will push away valve opening (12) (13) and open, sealing hole, (14) (15), or sealing hole, (13) (15) or the like is opened in hole, (12) (14).When the distance in adjacent two holes of opening is big more, then the frequency of impact of piston is high more.The stroke of piston shortens, and impact energy also decreases.Otherwise then frequency of impact reduces, and piston stroke increases, and impact energy increases.

Piston stroke: pressure oil ring-shaped chamber (30) (29), oil circuit (18) (21) in valve enter the chamber, front and back (11) (16) of oil cylinder, the compression area of piston end surface (10) is greater than the compression area of end face (19), and this moment, piston was done differential propelling.Push away valve opening and hole (7) when communicating when the motion of piston makes to join on the oil jacket, then the valve cavity volume (27) that pushes away of valve is communicated with fuel tank by oil circuit (19) etc., owing to spool end (44) is normal compression face, so spool commutates rapidly.

Backward stroke of the piston: after the valve commutation, with ring-shaped chamber (30) and (29) sealing, (29) (28) are linked up, pressure oil enters oil cylinder ante-chamber (11) through ring-shaped chamber (30), the oil circuit (18) of valve, and the back cavity of oil cylinder (16) is after the valve commutation, ring-shaped chamber (29) (28) by oil circuit (21), valve is connected with fuel tank, and piston begins commutation and does drawback movement.When piston end surface (9) cross join on the oil jacket push away valve opening the time, pressure oil pushes away valve pocket (27) through what square groove (4) (5), oil circuit (19) entered valve, because the annulus area of spool end (39) is greater than the annulus area of end face (44), make the differential commutation of spool, the oil cylinder back cavity reenters pressure oil like this, piston begins stroke movement again, so moves in circles.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of by differential reversal valve with join the oil distribution mechanism of the hydraulic gate that oil jacket forms, said differential reversal valve is by four ring-shaped chambers that constituted of spool and valve pocket, there are a cavity volume and oil inlet pipe to join, there are a cavity volume and oil return pipe to join, there is a cavity volume to be subjected to the control of spool commutation, alternately be communicated with pressure oil and oil return, also have a cavity volume both pushed away valve pocket then with join oil jacket on the valve opening that pushes away be communicated with, can lead to pressure oil and oil return and push away valve opening by the motion of piston in joining oil jacket, it is characterized in that: said joining can be processed with a plurality of valve openings that push away on the oil jacket, and will join oil jacket and be installed in the oil cylinder, the face area that pushes away the valve pocket inner spool of reversal valve is greater than the face area of the cavity volume inner spool that joins with oil inlet pipe.

2,, it is characterized in that having at least a hole to link up oil circuit according to the described valve opening that pushes away of joining on the oil jacket of claim 1.

3, according to the described differential reversal valve of claim 1, it is characterized by and be processed with axial hole and footpath endoporus on the spool, two holes are intersected and are communicated with oil return.

Images