JP2011193765A - Greenhouse cultivation system - Google Patents

Greenhouse cultivation system Download PDF

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JP2011193765A
JP2011193765A JP2010062536A JP2010062536A JP2011193765A JP 2011193765 A JP2011193765 A JP 2011193765A JP 2010062536 A JP2010062536 A JP 2010062536A JP 2010062536 A JP2010062536 A JP 2010062536A JP 2011193765 A JP2011193765 A JP 2011193765A
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greenhouse
temperature
exhaust gas
heat
cooling water
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JP5451473B2 (en
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良胤 ▲高▼島
Yoshitsugu Takashima
Kazunobu Kobayashi
和伸 小林
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greenhouse cultivation system for properly adjusting a plant raising environment in a greenhouse by using exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from a piece of combustion apparatus using hydrocarbon as fuel.SOLUTION: This greenhouse cultivation system includes an exhaust gas flow path 21 supplying exhaust gas 11b from a combustion apparatus 11 to plants in a greenhouse space 2b. A latent heat collection heat exchanger 22 cooling the exhaust gas 11b by cooling water 23a and a drain collecting part 22a collecting drain produced with the latent heat collection heat exchanger 22 are each provided so as to control the temperature of the cooling water 23a to be supplied to the latent heat collection heat exchanger 22 based on humidity in the greenhouse space 2b.

Description

本発明は、炭化水素を燃料とする燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素を含む排ガスを温室空間の植物に供給する排ガス流路を備えた温室栽培システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation system including an exhaust gas flow path for supplying exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from a combustion apparatus using hydrocarbon as fuel to a plant in a greenhouse space.

近年、コジェネレーションが広く採用されるようになってきており、これによりエネルギー効率が向上して、地球温暖化の原因となる二酸化炭素の排出量の低減が図られている。コジェネレーションは、発電時に発生する電力および熱をエネルギー源として利用するものであるが、更に、この時に生成され従来は廃棄されていた二酸化炭素を有効利用するものとして、トリジェネレーションという形態がある。   In recent years, cogeneration has been widely adopted, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon dioxide emissions that cause global warming. Cogeneration uses power and heat generated during power generation as an energy source, and there is another form of trigeneration that effectively uses carbon dioxide generated at this time and discarded in the past.

前記排ガスは、重油や灯油のほかＬＰガスや都市ガス等の炭化水素燃料を燃焼させたものであるから、大気中よりも高濃度の二酸化炭素を含んでいる。トリジェネレーションは、ガスエンジンをはじめとする内燃機関等から排出される排ガスを浄化して、排ガス中に含まれる二酸化炭素を温室内で光合成の原料の一つとして積極的に植物の育成促進等の目的で温室栽培システム等に利用するものである（特許文献１、２参照）。   Since the exhaust gas is obtained by burning hydrocarbon fuel such as LP gas and city gas in addition to heavy oil and kerosene, it contains carbon dioxide at a higher concentration than in the atmosphere. Trigeneration purifies exhaust gas emitted from internal combustion engines such as gas engines, and actively promotes the growth of plants using carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas as one of the raw materials for photosynthesis in the greenhouse. It is used for a greenhouse cultivation system for the purpose (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

特開２００８−２０１６４９号公報JP 2008-201649 A 特開２００４−３４４１５４号公報JP 2004-344154 A

ところが、温室内の植物の好適な育成環境は、温度、光、二酸化炭素のみで決まるわけではなく、実際には湿度が重要な要素になっている場合も多い。前記排ガスは、重油や灯油のほかＬＰガスや都市ガス等の炭化水素燃料を燃焼させたものであるから、二酸化炭素のほかに水蒸気も大量に含んでいる。このような排ガスを、温室空間に供給すると、前記温室空間は、排ガスによって加熱され、二酸化炭素および水蒸気の供給を受けるため、前記育成条件のうち温度、二酸化炭素、湿度の条件が同時に変化する。そのため、例えば、前記排ガスにより、温度条件と二酸化炭素濃度条件を満たすように供給すると、前記温室内雰囲気が多湿になりすぎ、好適な植物育成条件が得られないというような問題が生じやすい。このような状況は、前記特許文献１に示されるように、前記排ガスを冷却して、その排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気をドレンとして除去する構成があるが、冷却水温度の低減による更なる低湿化や冷却水温度の向上による多湿化への対応が難しいという問題があって、実際には植物の育成環境での適切な湿度管理の制御が困難であるというのが実情であった。   However, a suitable growing environment for plants in a greenhouse is not determined only by temperature, light, and carbon dioxide, and in fact, humidity is often an important factor. Since the exhaust gas is obtained by burning hydrocarbon fuel such as LP gas and city gas in addition to heavy oil and kerosene, it contains a large amount of water vapor in addition to carbon dioxide. When such exhaust gas is supplied to the greenhouse space, the greenhouse space is heated by the exhaust gas and is supplied with carbon dioxide and water vapor, so that the conditions of temperature, carbon dioxide, and humidity among the growth conditions change simultaneously. Therefore, for example, when the exhaust gas is supplied so as to satisfy the temperature condition and the carbon dioxide concentration condition, the atmosphere in the greenhouse becomes excessively humid, and a problem that a suitable plant growth condition cannot be obtained easily occurs. In such a situation, as shown in Patent Document 1, the exhaust gas is cooled and the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is removed as drainage. However, the humidity is further reduced by reducing the cooling water temperature. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to cope with high humidity by increasing the temperature of the cooling water, and in reality, it is difficult to control appropriate humidity management in a plant growing environment.

本発明の目的は、上記実情に鑑み、炭化水素を燃料とする燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素を含む排ガスを用いて適正に温室内の植物育成環境を整えることができる温室栽培システムを提供することにある。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse cultivation system that can appropriately prepare a plant growing environment in a greenhouse using exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from a combustion apparatus using hydrocarbon as fuel. There is.

〔構成〕
上記目的を達成するための本発明の温室栽培システムの特徴構成は、炭化水素を燃料とする燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素を含む排ガスを温室空間の植物に供給する排ガス流路を備えた温室栽培システムであって、
前記排ガス流路に前記排ガスを冷却水により冷却する潜熱回収型熱交換器を設けるとともに、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器で生成されるドレンを回収するドレン回収部を設け、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器で加温された冷却水の保有熱を温室に供給し、
前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度以上の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を低下させ、前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度未満の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を上昇させる熱交換温度制御機構を設けた点にある。 〔Constitution〕
In order to achieve the above object, a characteristic configuration of the greenhouse cultivation system of the present invention is a greenhouse equipped with an exhaust gas flow path for supplying exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from a combustion apparatus using hydrocarbon as fuel to plants in the greenhouse space. A cultivation system,
A latent heat recovery type heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas with cooling water is provided in the exhaust gas flow path, and a drain recovery unit that recovers drain generated by the latent heat recovery type heat exchanger is provided, and the latent heat recovery type heat exchange is provided. Supply the heat stored in the cooling water heated by the vessel to the greenhouse,
When the humidity in the greenhouse space is higher than the humidity suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is lowered, and the humidity in the greenhouse space is increased in the greenhouse. A heat exchange temperature control mechanism is provided that raises the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the latent heat recovery heat exchanger when the humidity is lower than that suitable for growing plants.

〔作用効果〕
つまり、前記燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素を含む排ガスを排ガス流路から温室空間内に供給すると、前記排ガスは燃焼熱および二酸化炭素および水蒸気の供給源となる。このとき、前記排ガスに含まれる二酸化炭素量は、前記燃焼装置の運転条件により決定される。そして、前記排ガス流路に前記排ガスを冷却水により冷却する潜熱回収型熱交換器を設けると、前記排ガスに含まれる熱および水蒸気を加温された冷却水および冷却により生じたドレンとして除外して供給することができる。つまり、前記排ガスは、前記冷却水による冷却温度において飽和水蒸気を含有する二酸化炭素含有ガスとして前記温室空間に供給することができる。そのため、前記冷却水による冷却温度を制御パラメータとすると、前記二酸化炭素含有ガスに含まれる水蒸気量および前記排ガスの温度を制御することができることになる。すると、二酸化炭素濃度および水蒸気量を適正値に制御することができる。 [Function and effect]
That is, when exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from the combustion device is supplied into the greenhouse space from the exhaust gas flow path, the exhaust gas becomes a supply source of combustion heat and carbon dioxide and water vapor. At this time, the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas is determined by the operating conditions of the combustion device. When a latent heat recovery heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas with cooling water is provided in the exhaust gas channel, the heat and water vapor contained in the exhaust gas are excluded as heated cooling water and drain generated by cooling. Can be supplied. That is, the exhaust gas can be supplied to the greenhouse space as a carbon dioxide-containing gas containing saturated water vapor at the cooling temperature by the cooling water. Therefore, when the cooling temperature by the cooling water is a control parameter, the amount of water vapor contained in the carbon dioxide-containing gas and the temperature of the exhaust gas can be controlled. Then, the carbon dioxide concentration and the water vapor amount can be controlled to appropriate values.

ここで、温度条件が水蒸気量の制御の際に固定されてしまうように思われるが、前記排ガスの熱は加温された冷却水として回収できているので、その冷却水を植物に供給する水として与えるか、別途燃焼装置から回収された熱を、温水循環式の温室暖房装置などにより温室空間に与えることにより、前記温度条件の制御も可能となる。   Here, the temperature condition seems to be fixed when the amount of water vapor is controlled, but the heat of the exhaust gas can be recovered as heated cooling water. Alternatively, the temperature condition can be controlled by supplying the heat recovered separately from the combustion apparatus to the greenhouse space by a hot water circulation type greenhouse heating apparatus or the like.

そして、熱交換温度制御機構を設けてあると、前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度以上の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を低下させ、前記排ガスに含まれる水分を十分凝縮させ、排ガスに含まれる水蒸気量を減少させる制御を行うことができ、前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度未満の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を上昇させることにより、前記排ガスに含まれる水分の凝縮量を少なくさせ、排ガスに含まれる水蒸気量を増加させる制御を行うことができ、前記温室空間に供給される水蒸気量および二酸化炭素濃度および温度を植物の育成に適した条件の範囲を外れたときに、適正範囲になるように補正することができるので、適正に制御できることになる。   And if a heat exchange temperature control mechanism is provided, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the latent heat recovery type heat exchanger when the humidity in the greenhouse space is equal to or higher than the humidity suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse Can be controlled to sufficiently condense the moisture contained in the exhaust gas and reduce the amount of water vapor contained in the exhaust gas, and the humidity in the greenhouse space is less than the humidity suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse. At a time, by increasing the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the latent heat recovery type heat exchanger, the amount of moisture contained in the exhaust gas is reduced, and the amount of water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is increased. The amount of water vapor, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature supplied to the greenhouse space can be corrected to be within the appropriate range when they are outside the range of conditions suitable for plant growth. It will be possible.

〔構成〕
また、前記温室空間内の温度が、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度未満の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱を前記温室空間内に供給するとともに、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度以上の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱の前記温室空間内への供給を抑制する供給温室温度制御機構を設けても良い。 〔Constitution〕
In addition, when the temperature in the greenhouse space is lower than the temperature suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, the heat discharged from the combustion device is supplied to the greenhouse space and is suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse. A supply greenhouse temperature control mechanism that suppresses supply of heat exhausted from the combustion device into the greenhouse space when the temperature is higher than or equal to the temperature may be provided.

〔作用効果〕
尚、先にも述べたとおり、前記温室空間内の温度を制御するには、種々の方法が考えられるが、前記温室空間に供給される熱を燃焼装置から直接得られると、前記温室栽培システムのエネルギー効率の面から好ましい。また、得られた熱は、前記温室空間内の温度に基づいて決定されると植物の生育条件を適切な範囲内に維持するのに好適である。 [Function and effect]
As described above, various methods are conceivable for controlling the temperature in the greenhouse space. If the heat supplied to the greenhouse space is obtained directly from a combustion device, the greenhouse cultivation system is used. It is preferable from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. Moreover, when the obtained heat is determined based on the temperature in the greenhouse space, it is suitable for maintaining the growth conditions of the plant within an appropriate range.

即ち、前記供給温室温度制御機構を設け、前記温室空間内の温度が、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度未満の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱を前記温室空間内に供給することにより、前記温室空間内の温度が、植物の生育に適さない温度に低下するのを防止することができ、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度以上の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱の前記温室空間内への供給を抑制することにより、前記温室空間内の温度が植物の育成に適さない高温になるのを防止することができる。   That is, the supply greenhouse temperature control mechanism is provided, and when the temperature in the greenhouse space is lower than the temperature suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, the heat discharged from the combustion device is supplied into the greenhouse space. Thus, the temperature in the greenhouse space can be prevented from decreasing to a temperature unsuitable for plant growth, and the heat discharged from the combustion device when the temperature is higher than the temperature suitable for plant growth in the greenhouse. By suppressing the supply to the greenhouse space, it is possible to prevent the temperature in the greenhouse space from becoming a high temperature unsuitable for plant growth.

〔構成〕
さらに、前記ドレン回収部に回収される水や熱交換された冷却水を温室空間内の植物に供給する温水供給路を設けても良い。 〔Constitution〕
Furthermore, you may provide the warm water supply path which supplies the water collect | recovered by the said drain collection | recovery part, or the heat-exchanged cooling water to the plant in greenhouse space.

〔作用効果〕
つまり、前記ドレン回収部に回収される水や熱交換されて温度の上昇した水は、前記排ガス中から凝縮されたものであり、植物の育成に用いる水として供給することができる。そのため、温水供給路を設けて温室空間内に前記ドレン回収部に回収される水や熱交換されて温度の上昇した水を供給すると、燃焼装置の排熱が前記温室空間内で有効に利用できることになり、エネルギー効率の面から好ましい。 [Function and effect]
That is, the water recovered in the drain recovery part or the water whose temperature has been increased by heat exchange is condensed from the exhaust gas and can be supplied as water used for growing plants. For this reason, when the hot water supply path is provided and the water recovered in the drain recovery unit or the water whose temperature has been increased by heat exchange is supplied into the greenhouse space, the exhaust heat of the combustion device can be effectively used in the greenhouse space. This is preferable from the viewpoint of energy efficiency.

〔構成〕
尚、植物がレタスであり、
前記温室空間に湿度計を設け、
前記熱交換温度制御機構が、前記湿度計の出力湿度がＲＨ７０％以下のとき、冷却水温度を上昇させ、前記湿度計の出力湿度がＲＨ９０％以上のときに冷却水温度を低下させる温度調整を行うことが好ましい。 〔Constitution〕
The plant is lettuce,
Providing a hygrometer in the greenhouse space;
The heat exchange temperature control mechanism adjusts the temperature to increase the cooling water temperature when the output humidity of the hygrometer is RH 70% or less, and to decrease the cooling water temperature when the output humidity of the hygrometer is RH 90% or more. Preferably it is done.

〔作用効果〕
植物としてレタスを選択した場合、レタスの促成や耐病性の育成条件を考える場合には、湿度管理が最重点事項となるので、上記本発明の温室栽培システムを最も有効に活用できる形態となり、育成条件の管理の難しい植物としてのレタスを、少ない労力で適切な成育条件に管理することができるようになり、生産性の向上、品質の向上に寄与することができた。 [Function and effect]
When lettuce is selected as a plant, humidity management is a top priority when considering the conditions for promoting lettuce and disease resistance, so that the greenhouse cultivation system of the present invention can be used most effectively and nurtured. It became possible to manage lettuce as a plant whose conditions were difficult to be managed under appropriate growth conditions with a small amount of labor, and contributed to the improvement of productivity and quality.

尚、植物とは、光合成する生物一般を指すものとし、野菜、果実等の農作物、花卉、草木等のほか、藻類等の微生物を含む概念である。   In addition, a plant refers to the living organisms generally that are photosynthesizing, and is a concept including microorganisms such as algae in addition to agricultural products such as vegetables and fruits, flowers and plants.

また、燃焼装置とは、内燃機関、外燃機関、燃料電池、バーナ、ボイラ、ヒータ等燃料を燃焼させて熱や動力のエネルギーを得る装置全般を指すものとし、中でも内燃機関とは、燃料の燃焼によって生じた高温高圧のガスを直接ピストン及びタービン羽根などに作用させ，その膨張によって燃料の燃焼熱を機械的仕事に変える熱機関であって，ガスエンジン、ガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジン等に加えて、ガスタービン，ジェットエンジン及びロケットも内燃機関に含めうる。   Combustion devices refer to all devices that obtain heat and power energy by burning fuel such as internal combustion engines, external combustion engines, fuel cells, burners, boilers, and heaters. A heat engine that causes high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by combustion to directly act on pistons and turbine blades, etc., and to convert the combustion heat of fuel into mechanical work by its expansion. In addition to gas engines, gasoline engines, diesel engines, etc. Gas turbines, jet engines and rockets can also be included in the internal combustion engine.

従って、前記冷却水の温度を管理するだけの簡単な構成により、前記温室空間内の植物育成条件を容易に適正に維持することができるようになり、植物の育成条件の面からも、トリジェネレーションとしてエネルギーの有効利用の観点からも好適な温室栽培システムを提供することができるようになった。   Therefore, a simple configuration that only manages the temperature of the cooling water makes it possible to easily and properly maintain plant growth conditions in the greenhouse space. From the viewpoint of plant growth conditions, trigeneration is also possible. As a result, it has become possible to provide a suitable greenhouse cultivation system from the viewpoint of effective use of energy.

温室栽培システムの概略図である。It is the schematic of a greenhouse cultivation system. レタスの栽培制御のフロー図である。It is a flowchart of cultivation control of lettuce. 菜類植物の栽培制御のフロー図である。It is a flowchart of cultivation control of a vegetable plant.

以下に、本発明の温室栽培システムを説明する。以下、本発明の一実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。   Below, the greenhouse cultivation system of this invention is demonstrated. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の温室栽培システムは、温室にコジェネレーション装置１を備えて構成される。前記コジェネレーション装置１は、炭化水素燃料として都市ガスを用いるガスエンジン１１に、発電機１２を設けるとともに、ガスエンジン１１を冷却するエンジン冷却水１１ａと熱交換して貯湯する貯湯タンク１３を設けて構成されている。前記発電機１２は、インバータ１２ａを備え、後述の冷却水温度調整装置２３や外部の電力消費部１４の消費電力をまかなうように電力を出力可能に構成される。また、前記貯湯タンク１３は、前記エンジン冷却水１１ａの熱をエンジン冷却水熱交換器１５により熱交換し、貯湯タンク１３内の湯水を加熱する構成とし、さらに、エンジン排ガス１１ｂから熱回収する排ガス熱交換器１６を備え、その排ガス熱交換器１６での熱交換によっても貯湯タンク１３内の湯水を加熱する構成としてある。尚、貯湯タンク１３には例えば給湯装置などの熱消費部１７を接続するほか、種々の熱回路を接続し、熱回路の湯水の流れを、開閉弁、制御弁等で制御する構成を採用するが、種々公知の構成を採用することができるので、ここでは説明を省略する。   The greenhouse cultivation system of the present invention includes a cogeneration apparatus 1 in a greenhouse. The cogeneration apparatus 1 includes a generator 12 in a gas engine 11 that uses city gas as a hydrocarbon fuel, and a hot water storage tank 13 that stores hot water by exchanging heat with an engine cooling water 11 a that cools the gas engine 11. It is configured. The generator 12 includes an inverter 12a, and is configured to be able to output power so as to cover power consumption of a cooling water temperature adjusting device 23 and an external power consumption unit 14 described later. The hot water storage tank 13 is configured to heat-exchange the heat of the engine cooling water 11a by the engine cooling water heat exchanger 15 to heat the hot water in the hot water storage tank 13, and further, exhaust gas that recovers heat from the engine exhaust gas 11b. A heat exchanger 16 is provided, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 13 is also heated by heat exchange in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 16. The hot water storage tank 13 is connected to, for example, a heat consuming unit 17 such as a hot water supply device, and is connected to various heat circuits to control the flow of hot water in the heat circuit with an open / close valve, a control valve, and the like. However, since various known configurations can be adopted, description thereof is omitted here.

前記ガスエンジン１１の排ガス路１８には、排ガス浄化触媒部１９が設けられ、前記排ガス１１ｂ中の植物に対する有害性分を除去、無害化する構成とする。また、前記排ガス路１８には、無害化された排ガス１１ｂの一部または全部を温室２に導く排ガス分配部２０を設けるとともに温室に対する排ガス供給路２１を接続してある。前記排ガス分配部２０の排ガス分配率を調整することにより、前記温室２内の二酸化炭素濃度が適正に調整される。前記排ガス供給路２１には、温室ガス熱交換器２２を設けて、前記排ガス１１ｂの温度を調整可能に構成する。   An exhaust gas purification catalyst unit 19 is provided in the exhaust gas path 18 of the gas engine 11 to remove and detoxify harmful components to plants in the exhaust gas 11b. The exhaust gas path 18 is provided with an exhaust gas distribution unit 20 that guides part or all of the detoxified exhaust gas 11b to the greenhouse 2 and is connected to an exhaust gas supply path 21 for the greenhouse. By adjusting the exhaust gas distribution ratio of the exhaust gas distribution unit 20, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 2 is adjusted appropriately. The exhaust gas supply path 21 is provided with a greenhouse gas heat exchanger 22 so that the temperature of the exhaust gas 11b can be adjusted.

前記温室ガス熱交換器２２は潜熱回収型熱交換器とし、前記排ガス１１ｂ中の水蒸気をドレンとして除去する構成となっている。前記温室ガス熱交換器２２は、前記排ガス１１ｂと排ガス冷却水２３ａとの間で熱交換を行うとともに、水蒸気の一部をドレンとして除去された排ガス１１ｃを温室空間に供給するとともに、熱交換された排ガス冷却水２３ｂを温室空間２ｂにおいて植物の栽培される栽培部２ａに供給する構成としてある。また、前記排ガス冷却水２３ａの供給路２４には、冷却水温度調整装置２３が設けてある。前記冷却水温度調整装置２３は、前記発電機１２からの電力によって駆動されるヒートポンプ装置等からなる熱交換温度制御機構２３ｃを備え、排ガス冷却水２３ａの温度は、前記温室２に設けられる湿度センサ２５の出力に基き、前記温室２内の湿度を適正に維持するよう制御装置２７により制御される。前記温室ガス熱交換器２２から生じたドレンは、ドレン回収部２２ａにより温室の栽培部２ａに供給される。   The greenhouse gas heat exchanger 22 is a latent heat recovery type heat exchanger, and is configured to remove water vapor in the exhaust gas 11b as drain. The greenhouse gas heat exchanger 22 performs heat exchange between the exhaust gas 11b and the exhaust gas cooling water 23a, and supplies the exhaust gas 11c, which has been removed with a part of water vapor as drainage, to the greenhouse space and is also heat-exchanged. The exhaust gas cooling water 23b is supplied to the cultivation unit 2a where plants are cultivated in the greenhouse space 2b. A cooling water temperature adjusting device 23 is provided in the supply passage 24 for the exhaust gas cooling water 23a. The cooling water temperature adjusting device 23 includes a heat exchange temperature control mechanism 23c including a heat pump device driven by electric power from the generator 12, and the temperature of the exhaust gas cooling water 23a is a humidity sensor provided in the greenhouse 2. Based on the output of 25, the controller 27 controls the humidity in the greenhouse 2 to be maintained appropriately. The drain generated from the greenhouse gas heat exchanger 22 is supplied to the cultivation unit 2a of the greenhouse by the drain recovery unit 22a.

また、前記温室２内部の温室空間２ｂには、前記貯湯タンク１３からの温水循環により温室に熱を供給する温室暖房装置２８を設け、温室空間２ｂを加熱可能に構成してある。前記温室空間２ｂの温度は、前記温室２に設けられる温度センサ２６の出力に基き、前記温室２内の温度を適正に維持するよう前記制御装置２７により制御される。つまり、前記制御装置２７により前記冷却水温度調整装置２３を動作制御するように、供給温室温度制御機構が構成されている。   Further, a greenhouse heating device 28 for supplying heat to the greenhouse by hot water circulation from the hot water storage tank 13 is provided in the greenhouse space 2b inside the greenhouse 2, so that the greenhouse space 2b can be heated. The temperature of the greenhouse space 2b is controlled by the control device 27 so as to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse 2 appropriately based on the output of the temperature sensor 26 provided in the greenhouse 2. That is, the supply greenhouse temperature control mechanism is configured such that the control device 27 controls the operation of the cooling water temperature adjusting device 23.

以下に、植物の一例としてレタスを促成栽培する温室の温室空間２ｂ内の環境を制御する場合の制御フローを示す。   Below, the control flow in the case of controlling the environment in the greenhouse space 2b of the greenhouse which forcibly cultivates lettuce as an example of a plant is shown.

レタスの栽培では、温室空間２ｂ内の湿度制御が必要になる。そこで、図２に示すように、温室空間２ｂ内の湿度を計測（＃１）し、ＲＨ７０％以下のとき（＃２）湿度を上げ、ＲＨ９０％以上のとき（＃４）湿度を下げる制御を行う。湿度を上げる制御は、排ガスの露点を上げることによって行うことができるので、冷却水温度を上げる（＃３）ことにより制御できる。具体的に冷却水温度を上げるには、例えば、前記熱交換温度制御機構２３ｃとしての前記ヒートポンプ装置の大気中からの熱回収量を増大させるなどして、供給される排ガス冷却水を加熱する。逆に湿度を下げる制御は、排ガスの露点を下げることによって行うことができ、冷却水温度を下げる（＃５）ことにより制御できる。具体的に冷却水温度を下げるには、例えば、前記熱交換温度制御機構２３ｃとしての前記ヒートポンプ装置の熱回路を切替え、前記冷却水から熱を回収して大気中に放熱すればよい。
温室空間２ｂ内湿度がＲＨ７０〜９０％である場合は、そのまま冷却水温度を維持する（＃６）。 In the cultivation of lettuce, humidity control in the greenhouse space 2b is necessary. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the humidity in the greenhouse space 2b is measured (# 1), and when RH is 70% or less (# 2), the humidity is increased, and when RH is 90% or more (# 4), the humidity is decreased. Do. Since the control for increasing the humidity can be performed by increasing the dew point of the exhaust gas, it can be controlled by increasing the cooling water temperature (# 3). In order to raise the cooling water temperature specifically, for example, the exhaust gas cooling water to be supplied is heated by increasing the amount of heat recovered from the atmosphere of the heat pump device as the heat exchange temperature control mechanism 23c. Conversely, the control for lowering the humidity can be performed by lowering the dew point of the exhaust gas, and can be controlled by lowering the cooling water temperature (# 5). Specifically, for example, the cooling water temperature may be lowered by switching the heat circuit of the heat pump device as the heat exchange temperature control mechanism 23c, recovering heat from the cooling water, and radiating it to the atmosphere.
When the humidity in the greenhouse space 2b is RH 70 to 90%, the cooling water temperature is maintained as it is (# 6).

また、温室内に精密機器を設置した環境下での菜類植物を促成栽培するための温室空間内環境制御のフローを示す。   Moreover, the flow of the environmental control in the greenhouse space for forcing cultivation of the vegetable plant in the environment which installed the precision instrument in the greenhouse is shown.

精密機器設置下での菜類の栽培では、温度および湿度の制御が必要になる。そこで、図３に示すように、温室空間２ｂ内の湿度を計測（＃１１）し、ＲＨ３０％以下のとき（＃１２）湿度を上げる制御を行い、ＲＨ８０％以上のとき（＃１３）湿度を下げる制御を行う。湿度を上げる制御は、室内温度を下げるか、排ガスの露点を上げることによって行うことができるが、温室空間内の温度が下がりすぎると好ましくないので、温室空間２ｂ内の温度を計測し（＃１４）、温度が15℃以下のときは冷却水温度を上げる（＃１６）ことにより露点を上げる制御をし、そうでなければ室内温度を下げる（＃１７）ことにより制御できる（＃１５）。逆に湿度を下げる制御は、室内温度を上げるか、排ガスの露点を下げることによって行うことができるが、室内温度を上げすぎると好ましくないので、温室空間２ｂ内の温度を計測し（＃１８）、温度が25℃未満のときは室内温度を上げ（＃２０）、それ以外の場合は、冷却水温度を下げる（＃２１）ことにより露点を下げる制御ができる（＃１９）。温室空間内の湿度がＲＨ３０％〜８０％であのときは、温室温度および湿度をそのまま維持する（＃２２）。   In the cultivation of vegetables under the installation of precision equipment, it is necessary to control the temperature and humidity. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the humidity in the greenhouse space 2b is measured (# 11), and when RH is 30% or less (# 12), the humidity is controlled to be increased, and when RH is 80% or more (# 13), the humidity is increased. Control to lower. The control for increasing the humidity can be performed by lowering the room temperature or raising the dew point of the exhaust gas. However, if the temperature in the greenhouse space is too low, it is not preferable, so the temperature in the greenhouse space 2b is measured (# 14 When the temperature is 15 ° C. or less, the dew point is controlled to be raised by raising the cooling water temperature (# 16). Otherwise, the room temperature is lowered (# 17) (# 15). Conversely, the control to lower the humidity can be performed by raising the room temperature or lowering the dew point of the exhaust gas, but it is not preferable to raise the room temperature too much, so the temperature in the greenhouse space 2b is measured (# 18). When the temperature is lower than 25 ° C., the room temperature is raised (# 20), and otherwise, the dew point can be lowered by lowering the cooling water temperature (# 21) (# 19). When the humidity in the greenhouse space is RH 30% to 80%, the greenhouse temperature and humidity are maintained as they are (# 22).

尚、上記実例では、二酸化炭素濃度は、植物の促成栽培に適するといわれる７００ppm〜１５００ppmになるよう前記排ガス分配部の排ガス分配率を制御している。   In the above example, the exhaust gas distribution rate of the exhaust gas distribution unit is controlled so that the carbon dioxide concentration is 700 ppm to 1500 ppm, which is said to be suitable for forcing cultivation of plants.

また、制御フローは種々変更可能であり、植物の種類等によって管理数値を設定変更する。   The control flow can be variously changed, and the management numerical value is set and changed depending on the type of plant.

本発明により、温室栽培システムの温室内環境の管理が、より適格かつきめ細かく行えるようになるので、少ない労力で、品質管理の行き届いた植物を生産性高く生産できるようになった。   According to the present invention, since the management of the greenhouse environment of the greenhouse cultivation system can be performed more appropriately and finely, plants with good quality control can be produced with low productivity and high productivity.

１ コジェネレーション装置
２ 温室
２ａ 栽培部
１８ 排ガス路
２２ 温室ガス熱交換器
２３ 冷却水温度調整装置
２５ 湿度センサ
２７ 制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cogeneration apparatus 2 Greenhouse 2a Cultivation part 18 Exhaust gas path 22 Greenhouse gas heat exchanger 23 Cooling water temperature adjustment apparatus 25 Humidity sensor 27 Control apparatus

Claims (5)

炭化水素を燃料とする燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素を含む排ガスを温室空間の植物に供給する排ガス流路を備えた温室栽培システムであって、
前記排ガス流路に前記排ガスを冷却水により冷却する潜熱回収型熱交換器を設けるとともに、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器で生成されるドレンを回収するドレン回収部を設け、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器で加温された冷却水の保有熱を温室に供給し、
前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度以上の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を低下させ、前記温室空間内の湿度が温室内の植物の生育に適した湿度未満の時、前記潜熱回収型熱交換器に供給される前記冷却水の温度を上昇させる熱交換温度制御機構を設けた温室栽培システム。 A greenhouse cultivation system including an exhaust gas flow path for supplying exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from a combustion apparatus using hydrocarbon as fuel to a plant in a greenhouse space,
A latent heat recovery type heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas with cooling water is provided in the exhaust gas flow path, and a drain recovery unit that recovers drain generated by the latent heat recovery type heat exchanger is provided, and the latent heat recovery type heat exchange is provided. Supply the heat stored in the cooling water heated by the vessel to the greenhouse,
When the humidity in the greenhouse space is higher than the humidity suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the latent heat recovery heat exchanger is lowered, and the humidity in the greenhouse space is increased in the greenhouse. The greenhouse cultivation system which provided the heat exchange temperature control mechanism which raises the temperature of the said cooling water supplied to the said latent heat recovery type heat exchanger when it is less than the humidity suitable for growth of the plant of this. 前記温室空間内の温度が、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度未満の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱を前記温室空間内に供給するとともに、温室内の植物の生育に適した温度以上の時、前記燃焼装置から排出される熱の前記温室空間内への供給を抑制する供給温室温度制御機構を設けた請求項１に記載の温室栽培システム。   When the temperature in the greenhouse space is lower than the temperature suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, the heat discharged from the combustion device is supplied to the greenhouse space and the temperature suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse. The greenhouse cultivation system of Claim 1 which provided the supply greenhouse temperature control mechanism which suppresses supply to the said greenhouse space of the heat | fever discharged | emitted from the said combustion apparatus at the above time. 前記ドレン回収部に回収される水または熱交換された冷却水を温室空間内の植物に供給する温水供給路を設けた請求項１または２に記載の温室栽培システム。   The greenhouse cultivation system of Claim 1 or 2 which provided the warm water supply path which supplies the water collect | recovered by the said drain collection | recovery part or the heat-exchanged cooling water to the plant in greenhouse space. 前記植物がレタスであり、
前記温室空間に湿度計を設け、
前記熱交換温度制御機構が、前記湿度計の出力湿度がＲＨ７０％以下のとき、冷却水温度を上昇させ、前記湿度計の出力湿度がＲＨ９０％以上のときに冷却水温度を低下させる温度調整を行う、
請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の温室栽培システム。 The plant is lettuce,
Providing a hygrometer in the greenhouse space;
The heat exchange temperature control mechanism adjusts the temperature to increase the cooling water temperature when the output humidity of the hygrometer is RH 70% or less, and to decrease the cooling water temperature when the output humidity of the hygrometer is RH 90% or more. Do,
The greenhouse cultivation system of any one of Claims 1-3. 前記熱交換温度制御機構が、大気から熱を回収して冷却水に付与するヒートポンプ装置である請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の温室栽培システム。   The greenhouse cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange temperature control mechanism is a heat pump device that recovers heat from the atmosphere and applies the heat to cooling water.
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