JP2011125293A - Coral transplanting method, coral transplantation base, coral transplantation block and method for forming coral reef - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a more effective coral transplantation means for restoration and recovery of coral reef. <P>SOLUTION: There are provided the coral transplantation method to fix a coral piece 2 in a small hole 12 formed on a surface 11 of coral limestone 1, and a coral transplantation base A having the coral piece 2 fixed in the small hole 12 formed on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1. Coral limestone (Ryukyu lime stone, etc.) is rich in calcium carbonate and has high porosity and, accordingly, it is suitable for fixing and proliferation of coral. Accordingly, transplantation of coral is easily performed on a large scale in high efficiency by the method, and the method is effective for conservation, restoration, displacement, new formation, etc., of coral reef. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a coral transplantation method using coral limestone (such as Ryukyu limestone), a coral transplantation base, a coral transplantation block in which the coral transplantation base is fixed on the surface of a foundation structure (such as a concrete block), and the block. Related to coral reef creation methods.

  Animals such as jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones belong to the Cnidaria, taxonomically. The nematode animal is a bi-deciduous animal with the common feature of having an organelle with a thread called “nematode”.

  Currently, Cnidaria is classified into six classes. Among them, corals belong mainly to the cnidarian phytozoa. Coral is characterized by developing a hard skeleton composed mainly of calcium carbonate, compared to other cnidarian animals.

  Coral individuals, like many other cnidarians, have a structure resembling a sea anemone called a polyp. Coral polyps are 1 cm or less in size and are fixed and fixed on rocks, etc., and also take in carbon dioxide and calcium in seawater to create an exoskeleton mainly composed of calcium carbonate.

  Polyps grow by asexual reproduction. Each individual settles and sticks to a place close to another polyp and gathers to form a colony. Polyps that are adjacent to each other in the group form a common skeleton and are connected by a living organization called the co-meat part, and also exchange nutrients.

  Corals also perform sexual reproduction. Many corals lay a bundle (egg and sperm package) from the mouth of a polyp once a year. Bundles bounce near the sea surface and fertilization occurs. The fertilized egg becomes a planula larva, drifts in the sea, settles on the seabed and transforms into a polyp. Polyps also undergo asexual reproduction to form colonies.

  Some corals form large-scale skeletons themselves to form coral reefs and are called reef-building corals. Most of the reef-building corals belong to the order of the flower worms class 6 coral subclass, and about 800 species are said to exist. Other examples of reef-building corals include the hydrocoral reef coral reef coral and the coral reef coral reef coral.

  Algae called zooxanthellae coexist in the body of reef-building corals. The zooxanthellae perform photosynthesis using the respiration and metabolites of polyps. On the other hand, many products obtained by photosynthesis and metabolism of zooxanthellae are supplied to corals. Products obtained by photosynthesis and metabolism of zooxanthellae are essential for the rapid and massive formation of coral skeletons, thereby forming coral reefs.

  In recent years, many coral reefs have been rapidly destroyed or are in danger and have become a major problem. Main causes include seawater pollution due to coastal development, coral bleaching, and food damage.

  For example, seawater pollution due to coastal development, inflow of earth and sand and domestic wastewater has a direct impact on many corals. Moreover, when the seawater temperature rises due to abnormal weather such as global warming, the amount of chlorophyll of zooxanthellae is reduced, or zooxanthellae are isolated from coral bodies, and many corals are whitened. Since corals depend on zooxanthellae for much of their nutrients, corals die if they continue to bleach for a long time. In addition, the damage to corals due to food damage such as oni starfish is enormous.

  On the other hand, there is an interest in the conservation and restoration of coral reefs, and several attempts have been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a coral reef landscaping method in which debris including a skeleton covered with a salmon meat part is collected from a coral colony, fixed to the surface of a substrate placed in water, and then cultured in the environment. ing. Patent Document 2 describes a mass transplantation method and a coral reef landscaping method using coral seedlings grown by artificial seedling and grown on a dice-like anchorage base. Patent Document 3 discloses a method for transferring a coral group that cuts and transports rocks on which coral colonies are deposited from the seabed. Patent Document 4 discloses a method in which a support is fixed to a cut surface of a coral substrain. A coral transplantation method and a habituation apparatus for fixing a child strain to a habituation apparatus using the above are described.

Patent Document 5 describes a coral transplantation method using underwater inseparable concrete, and Patent Document 6 discloses a coral reef transfer method in which a coral reef in a construction area of an offshore structure facility is separated from the seabed and collected as a block. , Respectively. In Patent Document 7, the coral (solid coral) is fixed to the fixing surface of the coral breeding block with an adhesive, and a plurality of coral breeding blocks to which the coral is fixed are stacked on the seabed to proliferate the coral. Coral propagation methods are described. Patent Document 8 describes a coral reef artificially proliferating method in which an embedded hole is provided in a block of Shirasu welded tuff, a small piece of coral reef is fixed in the embedded hole, and the block is arranged and fixed on the seabed. In Patent Document 9, a coral piece is fixed to an artificial substrate made of natural stone or artificial stone, and the artificial substrate on which the coral piece is fixed is detachable in the sea at a predetermined height from the sea floor by an undersea fixing device. A coral culturing method is described in which a coral is attached to an artificial substrate and cultured by holding.

In addition, as a matter related to the present invention, Patent Document 10 discloses the chemical composition, mineral composition, true specific gravity, specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter, etc. of limestone produced in Okinawa Prefecture. Describes the characteristics and properties of Ryukyu limestone, Non-Patent Document 1 describes the compressive strength of Ryukyu limestone, and Non-Patent Document 2 describes the effective porosity and compressive strength of Ryukyu limestone.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-135033 JP 11-308939 A JP 2005-12496 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-9713 JP-A-2005-151815 JP 2003-274794 A JP 2008-17789 A JP 2006-25722 A JP 2002-84920 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-60192 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-200336 University of the Ryukyus, Faculty of Agriculture, Scientific Report No. 22 (1975) p269-277 University of the Ryukyus, Faculty of Agriculture, Scientific Report No. 50 (2003) p131-135

  As described above, various means are being studied for the maintenance and restoration of coral reefs, but at present, it cannot be said that sufficient results have been achieved. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a more effective coral transplantation means.

  In this invention, the coral transplantation method which fixes a coral fragment to the small hole formed in the surface of the coral limestone, and the coral transplant base where the coral fragment was fixed to the small hole formed in the surface of the coral limestone are provided.

  Coral limestone is a rock (coral reef deposit) derived from a long-established coral reef, and its properties and attributes are similar to those of natural rocks. Therefore, by fixing the coral fragments to the coral limestone, it is possible to provide an environment suitable for coral fixation and growth.

Coral limestone contains a large amount of calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ). Therefore, for example, when this coral transplant base is placed in the sea, calcium content is eluted, and coral skeleton formation is promoted.

  Furthermore, since coral limestone is porous, it can be easily processed compared to concrete. Therefore, when fixing the coral fragments, the shape of the coral limestone can be easily processed into those in which the coral fragments are easily fixed and fixed. In addition, coral limestone is porous and has an apparent specific gravity (weight per unit volume, the same applies hereinafter), so it is relatively easy to transport and install in the sea, etc. Do not drift.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, coral transplantation can be performed easily, on a large scale, and with high efficiency. That is, the present invention is effective for coral reef conservation, regeneration, relocation, new creation, and the like.

  Hereinafter, terms relating to the present invention are defined.

  In the present invention, “coral limestone” refers to limestone containing fossil reef coral. Here, “limestone” refers to sedimentary rock containing 50% or more of calcium carbonate.

  In the present invention, “coral fragments” refers to those isolated from coral colonies that retain activity, and include all those that include at least an active polyp and its surrounding skeleton.

  According to the present invention, coral can be transplanted with higher efficiency.

  Examples of embodiments of the present invention are shown below. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

<About coral transplantation platform>
The coral transplant base according to the present invention includes all those in which coral fragments are fixed to small holes formed on the surface of the coral limestone.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a coral transplant base according to the present invention.

  The coral transplant base A in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which small holes 12 are formed on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1 processed into a predetermined shape, and the coral fragments 2 are inserted into the small holes 12 and fixed with an adhesive 3. Have.

  The coral limestone 1 is a part that becomes a base material for fixing the coral fragments 2. As described above, it is not particularly limited as long as it is a limestone containing fossil reef corals.

  The use of the coral limestone 1 as a base material has the following advantages compared to the case where the coral is transplanted to an artificial base such as concrete or a bedrock of the seabed.

  Coral limestone 1 is a rock (coral reef deposit) derived from a coral reef formed in ancient times, and is similar in nature and attribute to the rock mass to which natural coral adheres. Therefore, the coral limestone 1 is a base on which corals are easily fixed and propagated as compared with an artificial base.

The coral skeleton is mainly made of calcium carbonate. When the coral forms the skeleton, carbon dioxide (carbonate ions C0 ₃ ²⁻ ) and calcium (Ca ²⁺ ) are required. On the other hand, the coral limestone 1 has a high calcium carbonate content and is porous. Therefore, for example, when this coral transplant base A is thrown into the sea, a large amount of seawater infiltrate into the coral limestone, and the calcium content is high, and it is eluted slowly and permanently. Therefore, the use of coral limestone 1 as the base material is advantageous for coral fixation, growth, and reef formation as compared with the case of using an artificial base.

  Since the coral limestone 1 is porous, it is easy to process. For example, it is easy to form a small hole with a stone hand drill, a sander, a chisel or the like or to drive a pile, a nail, a wedge, an anchor, or the like. Therefore, for example, a small hole 12 suitable for the type and shape of the coral fragment 2 to be transplanted can be easily formed and adjusted when the coral fragment 2 is fixed, or a nail, a wedge, an anchor, or the like is driven into the coral transplant. It is possible to easily increase the work efficiency of transferring, transporting, and installing the base A.

  Since coral limestone 1 is porous, its apparent specific gravity is lower than that of bedrock and concrete. Therefore, particularly in the sea, labor such as transfer, transportation and installation of the coral transplant base A can be reduced.

  Coral limestone 1 is rocks (coral reef deposits) derived from coral reefs formed in ancient times, which are raised on the sea surface due to crustal movements. Therefore, for example, even if this coral transplant base A is installed in the sea, there is almost no environmental load.

  Since the coral limestone 1 is porous, in addition to the fixed coral fragments 2, natural planula larvae that occur and swim in sexual reproduction can also settle on this coral transplant base.

  Coral limestone 1 is mainly made of calcium carbonate and has a property of being dissolved in an acidic substance. Mollusks (shellfish, etc.) secrete acidic substances, dissolve rocks, etc. Therefore, this coral transplant base is easily established as a mollusk and is suitable as a biodiversity adaptation material.

  In addition to coral, the calcium content contained in coral limestone 1 is a source of calcium such as shellfish and crustaceans (crabs, shrimps, etc.). This is also an advantage as a biodiversity adaptable material.

  As the coral limestone according to the present invention, a coral limestone having a high calcium carbonate concentration and porous and containing many voids is preferable. For example, a calcium carbonate content of 70% or more is suitable, 90% or more is more preferred, and 95% or more is most preferred. Moreover, the thing with an apparent specific gravity of 2.0-2.5 is moderate and suitable from a viewpoint of maintaining workability | operativity at the time of installation etc. without drifting by a water flow when installing in water.

  Among the coral limestones, Ryukyu limestone is one of the most suitable as the base material of the present invention. Ryukyu limestone is limestone distributed in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. It is estimated that it was formed in the Quaternary Huangshuyo (around 1.3 to 400,000 years ago) and has a new formation age compared to limestone in other regions. Therefore, the concentration of calcium carbonate is particularly high, and it is porous and contains many voids.

  The small hole 12 is a recessed portion formed on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1, and fixes the coral piece 2 to this portion.

  The means for forming the small holes 12 is not particularly limited. Since the base material coral limestone 1 is porous and easy to process, for example, a small hole may be formed by a hand drill for stone, a sander, a chisel, or the like.

  Although the shape of the small hole 12 is not particularly limited, for example, it is preferable to form a shape suitable for the type, shape, size, etc. of the coral fragment 2 to be transplanted.

  The size of the small hole 12 is preferably slightly larger than the diameter of the coral piece 2 and does not cause a large gap. For example, in the case of a branch coral fragment, it may be formed to have a diameter of 5 to 50 mm and a depth of about 20 mm to 1,000 mm.

  The coral fragment 2 only needs to include at least an active polyp and a surrounding skeleton. As long as it is a coral that can be transplanted, any of dendritic coral, clumped coral, leaf coral, and covered disc coral may be used.

  Coral fragment 2 includes, for example, small coral fragments that naturally break and drift in the sea, small coral fragments that drift to the shore, and coral colonies that exist naturally. Artificially collected part or part of cultured coral can be used.

  When the coral fragments 2 are fixed to the small holes 12 formed in the coral limestone 1, at least a part (reference numeral 21) of the coral fragments 2 is fixed in a state of being in contact with the side wall surface 13 of the small holes 12.

  After the coral fragments 2 are fixed, a fixed tissue is taken out from the portion (reference numeral 21) in contact with the coral limestone 1 and fixed so as to cover the opening portion of the small hole 12. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the coral piece 2 in a state where it directly touches the coral limestone 1. In addition, it is important that the contact site between the coral piece 2 and the small hole 12 includes a place where sunlight hits, that is, the vicinity of the opening of the small hole 12.

  The adhesive 3 is a member for fixing the coral fragments 2 until the coral fragments 2 are fixed to the coral transplant base A. Although the kind etc. of the adhesive agent 3 are not specifically limited, Since the coral transplant base | substrate A is installed in the sea, the adhesive agent which adhere | attaches when it contains moisture, for example, an underwater bond etc., can be used.

  When the adhesive 3 is used, it is important to fix the coral fragments 2 in a state where the adhesive 3 does not enter the contact surfaces (reference numerals 21 and 13) between the coral fragments 2 and the coral limestone 1. For example, by putting the adhesive 3 (underwater bond) into a small hole 12 in a rolled state, and then pressing the coral piece 2 into the small hole 12 and fixing only the tip portion of the coral piece 2 with the adhesive 3, The coral fragment 2 can be fixed in a state where the adhesive 3 does not enter the contact surface between the coral fragment 2 and the coral limestone 1, and the formation of the fixed structure of the coral fragment 2 can be promoted.

  The means for fixing the coral pieces 2 is not limited to the case where the adhesive 3 is used. For example, after inserting the coral piece 2 into the small hole 12 of the coral limestone 1, the coral piece 2 may be fixed by inserting a natural member such as a piece of wood or other known biodegradable member into the gap. . Thereby, the coral transplant base A can be formed without using an artificial material, and an environmental load can be reduced.

  For example, a coral fragment covering means (not shown) may be provided on the coral transplant base A so as to cover the coral fragments 2 in order to prevent food damage caused by the sea starfish or the like. As the coral fragment covering means, for example, a plastic net or the like can be used. In this base A, since the coral limestone 1 is used as the base material and a nail or the like can be driven in, the net can be easily attached. By attaching this net, it is possible to prevent food damage caused by the starfish.

  Moreover, you may attach a predetermined | prescribed ornament (not shown) to the coral limestone 1 according to the objective and the use. For example, ornaments such as piles, nails, and wedges are previously driven into the coral limestone 1. Then, a string-like body (cultured rope, etc.) on which the planula larvae are grown and transplanted and a net-like body that protects the string-like body are tied to or hooked to the ornament. Thereby, both the coral fragment 2 fixed to the coral limestone 1 and the planula larvae can be transplanted at the same time, and the transplantation effect and biodiversity effect can be improved.

  The shape, material, attachment method, and the like of the ornament can be appropriately determined according to the purpose and are not particularly limited. For example, the tip may be shaped like a saddle or a circle so as to function as a fastener or a hook. Since the coral limestone 1 is porous and easy to process, for example, a decorative tool can be easily attached by driving a metal pile, nail, wedge or the like.

  Since this coral transplant base A uses the coral limestone 1 as a base material, when it is installed in the sea, the coral fragments 2 are fixed at a position higher than the seabed. This has the advantage that corals can be prevented from being weakened or killed by being buried in the sand of the seabed.

  In FIG. 1, only one piece of the coral piece 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the coral limestone 1, but the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, a plurality of coral fragments 2 may be fixed to the coral limestone 1, or the coral fragments 2 may be fixed to the side surface of the coral limestone 1.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a coral transplant base on which massive corals are fixed.

  In the coral transplantation base A ′ of FIG. 2, a small hole 12 is formed in the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1 processed into a predetermined shape as in the case of FIG. 1, and the coral fragments 2 (reference numerals 22, 23) are formed in the small hole 12. ) Is inserted and fixed with the adhesive 3. In FIG. 2, the coral fragments 2 are massive corals, and a coral group 23 is formed on the skeleton 22.

  For example, there are many examples in which massive corals fixed on pebbles on the seabed are weakened and died by being covered with seabed sand. The present invention can also be applied to relocation of these corals.

  For example, a small hole 12 suitable for the shape and size of the coral fragment 2 to be transplanted is formed using a stone hand drill, a sander, a chisel, and the like, and the coral fragment 2 is fixed with the adhesive 3.

  When the coral fragments 2 are fixed to the small holes 12 formed in the coral limestone 1, at least a part (reference numeral 21) of the coral fragments 2 is fixed in a state of being in contact with the side wall surface 13 of the small holes 12. Thereby, the coral piece 2 takes out a fixed structure | tissue from the part (code | symbol 21) which has touched the coral limestone 1, and is fixed so that the opening part of the small hole 12 may be covered.

  When the coral piece 2 is large as shown in FIG. 2, for example, fixing reinforcement means 31 may be used for fixing reinforcement. The reinforcing means is not particularly limited. For example, the coral piece 2 may be fixed and reinforced by hitting and fixing both ends of natural rubber to the front and rear surfaces of the coral limestone 1 with nails or the like. Further, the coral pieces 2 may be fixed and reinforced by hitting nails on the front and rear surfaces of the coral limestone 1 and tying them with a thread or the like.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic external perspective view showing another example of the coral transplant base.

  In the coral transplant base A ″ shown in FIG. 3, the coral fragments 2 are fixed to the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1 and the rod-like object 4 is wedged on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1, and the marker 5 (reference numerals 51, 52, 53 ).

  The rod-like object 4 is wedged on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1. The material of the rod-shaped object 4 is not particularly limited, but may be formed by driving a wedge or the like, or may be formed by an anchor or the like when the coral transplant base A ″ is installed in the sea. Coral limestone Since 1 is porous, these rods can be easily hit.

  This rod-like object 4 is provided with a scale having a predetermined length. Thereby, for example, about the coral transplantation base A ″ installed in the sea, the degree of coral growth can be grasped by taking an image such as a photograph from the side in water and analyzing the photograph image. The degree of coral growth can be examined simply and in a short time, and a large number of coral transplant bases A ″ can be examined in a wide range.

  The sign 5 is attached to the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1. The shape, pattern, color, material, and the like of the sign 5 are not particularly limited, but those having a color, pattern, and size that can be sufficiently recognized even at a certain distance, for example, in the air or near the sea surface are preferable. For example, a monochrome plate or a plate with numbers can be used. Since the coral limestone 1 is porous, for example, in the case of a plastic or vinyl plate, the plate can be easily struck with a nail or the like.

  For example, by attaching one or a plurality of markers 5 to the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1 and arranging the markers 5 at a predetermined distance from the fixing position of the coral fragments 2, the coral coverage (plant community) Thus, it is possible to easily determine the degree to which a certain species covers the ground surface.

  For example, the label 51 is a yellow plate, the label 52 is a red plate, and the label 53 is a blue plate. At the location where the coral transplantation base A ″ is installed, an image such as a photograph is taken from the air or near the sea surface, and by analyzing how many color signs can be confirmed with the photograph image, the coral coverage can be determined. Thus, the degree of coral growth can be examined easily and in a short time, and a large number of coral transplant bases A ″ can be examined in a wide range.

<About coral transplantation method>
The coral transplantation method according to the present invention includes all methods for fixing coral fragments in small holes formed on the surface of coral limestone.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the steps of the coral transplantation method according to the present invention.

  The coral transplantation method of FIG. 4 includes the following steps (a) to (d). In addition, this invention includes all the things including at least any of those each process. Therefore, depending on the purpose and application, it may be carried out by any one of the steps or a combination thereof as appropriate, and other steps may be included. Moreover, this invention is not limited narrowly only when all the processes of (a)-(d) are included. In FIG. 4, the symbol B1 represents the sea level.

(A) irradiating the collected coral fragments 2 with ultraviolet X to determine the activity of the corals;
(B) a step of fixing the coral fragments 2 to the coral limestone 1;
(C) a step of performing underwater curing of the fixed coral fragments 2;
(D) The process of installing the coral transplant base A in the sea.

  In this method, first, the collected coral fragments 2 are irradiated with ultraviolet rays X to determine the degree of coral activity (step (a) in FIG. 4).

  The zooxanthellae symbiotic with corals have photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, and these photosynthetic pigments react to ultraviolet rays. For this reason, when coral is irradiated with ultraviolet rays X in the vicinity of 360 mm (260 to 360 mm), the coral in which many zooxanthellae coexist fluoresce in yellow-green color. On the other hand, zooxanthellae play an important role in the rapid and large-scale formation of coral skeletons, and coral that coexists with many zooxanthellae algae has high activity for fixation, growth, and skeleton formation. Accordingly, among the collected coral fragments 2, those with high activity are fluorescently colored yellow-green, and those with low activity are not colored.

  Therefore, the activity of the coral fragments 2 is evaluated by irradiating the coral fragments 2 with ultraviolet rays X under dark conditions, and the transplantation effect can be improved by fixing the highly active coral fragments 2 to the coral limestone 1. .

  In addition, when a highly active part and a low part coexist in the coral fragment 2, you may remove a low active part with tools, such as a nipper, and may fix only a highly active part to the coral limestone 1. FIG.

  As the ultraviolet irradiation means 6, a known one can be used. For example, a portable black light can be used.

  Although the place which performs a process (a) is not specifically limited, For example, if the coral piece 2 can be hold | maintained in a moist state, it can carry out also in places other than underwater. As a result, a large amount of coral fragments 2 can be evaluated and determined in a short time, so that transplantation efficiency can be improved and labor can be reduced.

  Next, the coral fragment 2 is fixed to the coral limestone 1 to produce the coral transplant base A (step (b) in FIG. 4).

  The place where the step (b) is performed is not particularly limited including places other than underwater. For example, the coral fragment 2 can be obtained by performing in a shallow water in a coastal area (for example, a depth of 0.5 to 10 m) in a large tank. Can be prevented, the efficiency of coral transplantation can be improved, and the labor for fixing and transferring the base A after fixing can be reduced.

  When the coral piece 2 is fixed to the coral limestone 1, the coral piece 2 is fixed in a state where at least a part of the coral piece 2 is in contact with the side wall surface of the small hole formed in the coral limestone 1. Thereby, after the coral fragments 2 are fixed, the fixed tissue is taken out from the portion touching the coral limestone 1 and fixed so as to cover the opening portion of the small hole, so that the coral transplantation efficiency is improved.

  Next, underwater curing of the coral fragments 2 fixed for a certain period is performed (step (c) in FIG. 4).

  Although the place which performs a process (c) is not specifically limited, The solar radiation required for photosynthesis of a zooxanthella is ensured, and the place where a water stream is gentle is preferable. For example, this step can be performed in a large aquarium, in a shallow sea in a coastal area (for example, a water depth of 0.5 to 10 m). Further, the period of underwater curing is not particularly limited, but is set as appropriate in consideration of, for example, the setting time of the used adhesive 3 and the degree of fixing of the coral fragments 2.

  For example, you may perform the process (process (b)) which fixes the coral piece 2 to the coral limestone 1 in the place suitable for underwater curing. Thereby, since the movement operation | work between process (b) and (c) can be abbreviate | omitted, an effort can be reduced and the drop-off | damage, damage, etc. of the coral fragment 2 at the time of movement can be prevented.

  In step (c), the survival of the coral fragments 2 is confirmed. At that time, the degree of coral activity may be determined and evaluated by irradiating with ultraviolet rays X. In that case, underwater black light or the like can be used.

  Next, the coral transplant base A on which the survival has been confirmed is installed at a target location in the sea (step (d) in FIG. 4).

  For the movement to the installation location, a known means such as lift transportation on a ship can be used. In the installation location, you may fix to the seabed using the anchor 4 etc.

  In addition, after a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the coral transplant base A was installed in the sea, whether or not the coral transplant base A has actually settled may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays X to determine and evaluate the degree of coral activity. In that case, underwater black light or the like can be used.

<Coral transplantation block and coral reef building method>
The coral transplant block according to the present invention includes all of the one or a plurality of coral transplant bases fixed on the surface of the foundation structure.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a coral transplant block according to the present invention.

  In the coral transplantation block C of FIG. 5, a small hole 12 is formed on the surface 11 of the coral limestone 1, and a coral fragment 2 is inserted into the small hole 12 to form a coral transplant base A. The coral transplant base A is the base. The structure 7 is fixed on the surface of the structure 7.

  By fixing the coral transplant base A on the surface of the base structure 7, it is not necessary to fix the coral transplant base A to the sea floor with an anchor or the like when the coral transplant base A is installed in the sea. Therefore, the labor of a diver's manual work etc. can be reduced significantly.

  In addition, a large-scale coral reef can be created by transporting the coral transplant block C to a place where it is installed by a ship or the like and throwing it into the sea.

  The foundation structure 7 is not particularly limited, but can be formed of, for example, concrete, gypsum, a hydraulic hardened material mainly composed of light-burned magnesia, steel, or the like. In addition, this invention includes all about what contained other materials and components according to the objective and the use.

  The means for fixing the coral transplant base A on the surface of the base structure 7 is not particularly limited. For example, it can be performed by forming a fixture such as a pile in advance on the surface of the base structure 7 and hitting and fixing the coral limestone 1 there. Further, for example, when the foundation structure 7 is formed of concrete, it can be performed by pouring cement after placing the coral limestone 1 in the mold.

  In Example 1, coral transplantation was attempted in a real sea area using the coral transplant base according to the present invention.

  Ryukyu limestone collected at a quarry in the Amami region of Kagoshima Prefecture (Tokunoshima) is processed into a size of about 50cm in length, 50cm in width and 50cm in height, and 3cm in diameter and 3cm in depth with a drill in the center of the upper surface. A small hole of a size was formed.

  An epoxy resin underwater bond (manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) was put into the small hole, and a piece of branch coral collected at the coast of the same region was inserted and fixed. At that time, one side was fixed in a state where a part of the coral fragment was in contact with the side wall near the opening of the small hole, and the other was fixed in a state where the coral fragment was not in contact with the limestone.

  These coral transplant bases were installed in the sea at a depth of 2 m, and coral fixation and growth were observed. The degree of coral proliferation 60 days after the foundation was established was evaluated by the length of growth and the number of branches.

The results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, a part of the coral fragments fixed in contact with the side wall near the opening of the small hole formed in the limestone has a remarkably higher degree of coral fixation / proliferation than the other. it was high.

  In Example 2, coral transplantation was attempted in the sea after determining the degree of activity of the coral fragments by ultraviolet irradiation.

  Examples of coral fragments collected on the coast of the Amami region (Tokunoshima), Kojima Prefecture, were irradiated with ultraviolet light using a portable black light (4W), and coral fragments that were colored yellow and green, respectively. 1 and fixed to Ryukyu limestone in the same manner. The coral fragments were fixed in a state in which a part thereof was in contact with the side wall near the opening of the small hole in the limestone.

  These coral transplant bases were installed in the sea at a depth of 2 m, and coral fixation and growth were observed. The degree of coral proliferation 60 days after the foundation was established was evaluated by the length of growth and the number of branches.

The results are shown in Table 2.

  As shown in Table 2, the coral fragments fixed in yellow-green color were fixed and proliferated, whereas the coral fragments not colored were fixed and the coral was not fixed or proliferated.

The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral transplant base | substrate A which concerns on this invention. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral transplant base | substrate A 'which fixed the lump coral. The external appearance schematic diagram which shows another example of the coral transplant base | substrate A ". The schematic diagram which shows the example of the process of the coral transplanting method which concerns on this invention. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral transplantation block which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coral limestone 12 Small hole 13 Immediate wall surface of small hole 2 Coral piece 21 Contact surface with coral limestone 3 Adhesive 4 Rod-shaped object 5 Marking (code | symbol 51, 52, 53)
6 Ultraviolet irradiation means 7 Foundation structure A Coral transplant base B Seawater C Coral transplant block

Claims (10)

  A coral transplantation method in which coral fragments are fixed in small holes formed on the surface of coral limestone.   The coral transplantation method according to claim 1, wherein the coral fragments are fixed in a state where at least a part of the coral fragments is in contact with a side wall surface of the small hole.   The coral transplantation method according to claim 1, comprising at least a step of underwater curing of the fixed coral fragments.   The coral transplantation method according to claim 1, comprising at least a step of irradiating the coral fragment with ultraviolet rays to determine the activity of the coral.   Coral transplant base with coral fragments fixed in a small hole formed on the surface of coral limestone.   The coral transplantation base according to claim 5, wherein at least a part of the coral fragment is fixed in a state of being in contact with a side wall surface of the small hole.   The coral transplant base according to claim 5, wherein a rod-like object is wedged on the surface of the coral limestone, and a scale having a predetermined length is attached to the rod-like object.   6. The coral transplant base according to claim 5, wherein one or a plurality of markers are attached to the surface of the coral limestone, and the markers are arranged at a predetermined distance from a fixing position of the coral fragments.   A coral transplant block in which the coral transplant base according to claim 5 is fixed on a surface of a foundation structure.   A coral reef creation method including the step of installing the coral transplant block according to claim 9 in the sea.

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