JP2004121195A - Artificial breeding implement and artificial breeding method of seaweed - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform planned breeding of seaweed without destroying the environment of seaweed bed. <P>SOLUTION: The artificial breeding implement for seaweed is produced by fixing one or more ceramic adhesion bed plates and an adhesion promoting substrate composed of a spacer part and a connection/insertion part. Seed of seaweed is attached to the implement in a water tank or in the sea and immediately or after a proper intermediate growing period, the seed is inserted and bonded to a hole bored on the seaweed bed base in the sea. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an artificial propagation device and an artificial propagation method of seaweed for use in creating a seaweed bed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The seaweed beds formed on the rocks have the function of rearing infants of various marine organisms and are important as habitats for isone resources such as sea urchins and abalones. Also, kelp and seaweed are important for food and industrial use.
[0003]
In recent years, seagrass beds have become a serious problem, with suitable seaweed beds physically disappearing due to seawall construction and harbor development, and rocky areas to which large seaweeds cannot reach due to rocky shores have increased.
[0004]
As a countermeasure, a breeding plant development project in which stone materials, concrete blocks and the like are installed has been carried out for the purpose of artificially creating a seaweed bed. As algae reefs, nets or iron frames packed with rocks (JP-A-8-33442, etc.), those using old tires (Japanese Patent No. 2521642, etc.), and those using porous porcelain (particularly Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-58382), algae reef unit made of concrete or steel (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-206264, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-287578, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-176877, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180473, etc.) A method of using a frame type structure floating in the middle layer as an adhesion base (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-113, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-65101, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-79518, etc.) Various types have been devised, for example, JP-A-2000-342101.
The purpose of these methods is to provide a base for the algae to settle in the sea, and it is expected that the algae will naturally adhere to the seaweed after installation. It is highly accidental to grow.
[0005]
Since seaweeds often arrive when the surface of the adherent base is clean, rock reef blasting projects have been carried out at kombu fishing grounds to remove various seaweeds. A method of renewing the layered base to provide a new adhesion base surface every year (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-308407), algae reef with floating function (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-38240 and 11-32623) Etc.) have been devised.
These are also unable to implant a specific seaweed and are highly accidental.
[0006]
It is widely practiced to cultivate seaweeds such as seaweed, seaweed, kelp, mock, etc. by attaching them to ropes and stretching them in the sea. An undersea forest creation method in which the rope on which these seedlings are attached is fixed on an algal reef or the seabed and transplanted is widely performed, and a fixing method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-137118, etc.) has been devised. As substitutes for seedling ropes for transplantation, carbon fibers and degradable resins (JP-A-8-51879, JP-A-2001-189, JP-A-2001-186826, JP-A-2002-84903, etc.), etc. The use of is devised.
However, ropes on seabed rocks and algae reefs are fragile, and it is difficult to firmly fix the ropes so that they do not vibrate due to waves or tides. The grown seaweed also loses its anchoring base due to the breakage and loss of the rope. The method of fixing carbon fibers and decomposable resins also poses a problem.
[0007]
As a method of transplanting seaweed, which is different from the seedling rope method, a method using a unit with seedlings has been devised. A method of growing seaweeds in a shallow place and then submerging them as algae reefs in deep places (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-101786). There are various methods such as a method of fixing a seedling-bearing device with a seedling (JP-A-2000-139267, JP-A-2001-275506, JP-A-2001-275507, JP-A-2002-65102, etc.).
In these methods, the operation of putting on the seaweed and the installation of the seed and seedling holding device are possible at least once. However, after the seaweed has died, it is difficult to easily replace the seedling-bearing tool with a new one, and it is difficult to form a stable seaweed bed for a long period of time.
[0008]
Two types have been devised as smaller implanters (seedling carrier).
[0009]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-178305 discloses an algae growing tool and an artificial algae bed using the algae growing tool. To the metal fittings. Most of the material is waste material recycling.
In this method, various materials such as metal, plastic, and vinyl are processed and used in combination. However, in order to support the seaweed that has grown greatly, each member needs to have sufficient strength, and it is difficult to reduce the production cost. In addition, non-degradable recycled materials are left on the seabed after the seaweed has died, which is a problem in ecosystem conservation.
[0010]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-258414 discloses a method of creating a seaweed bed, in which a seaweed seed is attached and grown on the side of a wooden coma having a polygonal shape on one side and a wedge shape on the other side, and the wooden coma is formed on an algal reef. Driving into the provided hole and fixing. As a method for attaching and growing seeds and seedlings, a wooden piece is driven into the groove of a suitable structure, the structure is placed in the sea, spores of seaweed are attached, and the tree is grown for a while, or a hole is made in the wooden piece. Two types of methods are shown, in which the spores are attached to a rosary through a rope and placed in the sea, and spores are adhered to the middle breeding.
According to the present invention, there is a problem in workability in making a large amount of wood having the same shape. When a tree top is driven into the groove of the structure at the seed and seedling attachment stage, the structure for fixing a large number of tops becomes large. At the stage of transplanting where trees are fixed by driving wooden coma into the holes in the alga, it is necessary to hit the top of the wooden coma where the seaweeds reach best with a hammer, etc., and the seaweed that has grown up will be damaged. In the method of connecting beads, seaweed reaches the entire surface of the wood piece by intermediate cultivation, which damages the wedge part and the seaweed on the upper part.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Use a variety of foundations, such as rocks, coral reefs, algae reefs, artificial reefs, quays, breakwaters, seawalls, etc. to systematically create specific types of seagrass beds, and continue even if the seagrass beds are reduced or degraded The task is to develop a method that can be additionally constructed.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have made intensive efforts to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, a landing tank or a tank made of a ceramic made of one or more landing plates, a spacer, and one connecting / inserting portion. Immediately after putting the seaweed seeds in the sea or after an appropriate interim growth period, it was found that a solution can be obtained by making a hole in the seaweed bed base in the sea and inserting and bonding there.
[0013]
That is, the present invention provides (1) an artificial propagation of seaweed characterized by fixing a landing-promoting base material made of ceramic and comprising one or more landing plates, a spacer, and one connecting / inserting portion. The artificial seaweed artificial breeding tool according to claim 1, wherein the spacer (2) the spacer portion and the connecting / inserting portion are integrated in a conical shape or a pyramid shape, and the thickness of the spacer portion is 4 mm to 10 mm. The artificial algae prosthetic device for seaweed according to claim 1, wherein grooves or holes having a diameter or width of 4 mm to 10 mm and a depth of 4 mm to 20 mm are formed on the landing plate portion. The artificial algae proliferating device of the seaweed according to claim 1, (5), (1), (2), (3) or (4), wherein the artificial prosthetic device of the seaweed is fixed in an aquarium or the sea to obtain a seedling of the seaweed. Put it on immediately or after appropriate intermediate breeding, It relates to an artificial growth method of seagrass, characterized by inserting fixing drilled holes in.
[0014]
Macroalgae generally arrive at the substrate at the gametophyte or fertilized sporophyte stage and grow into fronds. If the surface of the base is covered with miscellaneous seaweed or sand mud, gametophytes and sporophytes cannot be implanted on the spot. Therefore, a implantation-promoting base material having grooves and holes formed in accordance with the implantation time of gametophytes and sporophytes is installed. Gametophytes, sporophytes and young fronds that grow in grooves and pits are less susceptible to sea urchins and shellfish. The gist of the present invention is that this is intermediately grown in a water tank or the sea, and when it reaches a state suitable for transplantation, it is subjected to transplantation by a method that does not damage it.
[0015]
The present inventor has repeatedly studied what form is preferable as the implantation promoting base material. As a result, the implantation board portion (about 5 cm in diameter, about 1 cm in thickness. FIG. 1. (a) 1), spacer 1 (diameter: about 2 cm, thickness: about 0.7 cm; Fig. 1 (a) 2) and connecting / inserting section (diameter: about 1 cm, length: about 1 cm; Fig. 1 (a) 3). It turned out to be favorable. Then, by using a plurality of landing boards and spacers in an overlapping manner (FIG. 1. (b)), it is also possible to save the cap for preventing attached organisms. (FIG. 1. (b) 4.)
The connecting / inserting part functions as a connecting part in the breeding stage, and as an insertion and bonding to the base in the transplanting stage.
[0016]
The gametophytes and sporophytes of the seaweed are easy to reach on the upper surface of the implantation plate, and a groove or hole having a diameter or width of 4 mm to 10 mm and a depth of 4 mm to 20 mm is formed on the upper surface of the implantation plate (Fig. 3). By setting the interval between the floorboards to 4 mm or more and 10 mm or less (FIGS. 1 and 2), sea urchins and shellfish are less likely to enter and are less susceptible to damage. In this case, since a large number of gametophytes and sporophytes arrive on the upper surface of the board, it is not necessary that the depth (FIG. 1. (b) 5) of the upper part of the stacked landing boards be 30 mm or more.
[0017]
In the grooves and holes drilled in the upper surface of the landing plate, it has been found that, in addition to seaweeds, the clam clam larvae are easy to land. It has also been found that juvenile corals are easy to land in the grooves and holes on the bottom of the floor. In other words, the implantation promoting base material having such a shape is effective for seaweeds such as clams, mussels and other adherent shellfish, and the bottom surface is effective for corals.
[0018]
In addition, as an example of a simple shape, the spacer portion and the connecting / inserting portion can be integrated into a conical shape or a pyramid shape. (Fig. 2. (a) 6.) Also, many can be arranged in a plane without being overlapped and used for seedling production in a land tank or the like. (FIG. 4)
[0019]
As the material of the implantation promotion base material, it is made of a ceramic which is made of clay as the main material and oxidized and fired at high temperature, has a hard and fine gap inside, and has a shape suitable for implantation of the target seaweed species Can be mass-produced inexpensively.
[0020]
Instead of or mixed with clay, coal ash generated in a thermal power plant or the like can be used as the material. The problem is that coal ash contains sulfur components and the like that are harmful to living organisms. However, there is an advantage that these harmful components are removed in the step of forming a ceramic by oxidizing and firing.
[0021]
Ceramic implantation base materials made of clay or coal ash are basically harmless and naturally-occurring substances, and are considered harmful to ecosystems even if the transplanted seaweed dies and remains as it is. Not be.
[0022]
Since the placement place of the implantation promoting base material can be selected, it can be easily managed by moving the place to a calm place suitable for a specific condition in an aquarium or a sea area. It is also easy to cover them with a net or the like to protect them from food damage.
[0023]
The implantation promoting substrate can be fixed to rocks, coral reefs, algae reefs, artificial reefs, quays, breakwaters, seawall structures, and the like in various orientations. A small hole is drilled in the base with a drill (pneumatic or hydraulic drive, etc.), and the connecting insertion part can be inserted into it and fixed by gluing. In the case of a soft base, a slightly large hole into which the spacer can be inserted can be formed to increase the fixing strength.
[0024]
If seaweeds die or seagrass beds are degraded after transplanting seaweeds with the implantation-promoting substrate, a new implantation-promoting substrate is continuously fixed on the base or overlaid on the old implantation-promoting substrate. By doing so, a seaweed bed composed of the same kind of seaweed can be additionally created.
[0025]
The landing-promoting base materials are hung in the sea or fixedly installed in a water tank or the sea floor, for example, by being piled and bundled, or piled on a gantry. This makes it easy to move to the implantation site, the intermediate breeding site, and the transplant site.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Examples will be shown below for specifically describing the present invention, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Example 1)
At the algae experiment facility in the School of Science and Technology, the experiment was conducted to attach a seaweed (arame) gametophyte using a ceramic landing-promoting base material with a grooved bottom surface on the floor.
[0027]
The implantation equipment was installed upside down with the grooved surface up, but it was demonstrated that gametophytes of fine seaweed (arame) concentrated on the innermost part of the groove. (FIG. 5) (Example 2)
[0028]
A base material for accelerating implantation made of ceramic with a groove on the upper surface was manufactured for seaweed. To this end, grooves were formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the landing plate, and guide grooves for binding and securing the landing promoting base material were also formed on the side surface of the landing plate portion. (FIG. 6)
(Example 3)
[0029]
The method of transplantation was simulated on land. Based on a lightweight block for construction, a hole with a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of about 1 cm was drilled. The fixing work is completed by putting a small mass of the underwater adhesive there and inserting the connecting insertion part of the implantation promoting base material. The exact same construction method can be easily implemented in the sea. (FIG. 7)
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a seaweed bed can be constructed and additional construction can be carried out continuously without obstructing the environment of the seaweed bed. The present invention is also effective for regeneration of coral reefs, implantation and breeding of adherent shellfish.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a) is a diagram (single unit) showing a landing promoting base material comprising a landing plate portion 1, a spacer portion 2, and a connecting / inserting portion 3.
(B) The figure which shows the state which piled the implantation promotion base material.
FIG. 2 (a) is a diagram (single unit) showing a 6-landing promoting base material in which a spacer unit 1 and a connecting / inserting unit are integrated.
(B) The figure which shows the state which piled the implantation promotion base material.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which a groove or a hole is formed in a landing plate portion.
(A) The figure which shows the implantation promotion base material which drilled the groove | channel on the upper surface and the lower surface (only).
(B) The figure which shows the implantation promotion base material which perforated the upper surface, the side surface, and the lower surface (only).
(C) A view (single unit) showing a landing promoting base material in which holes are formed in the upper surface and side surfaces and in which a spacer portion and a connecting / inserting portion are integrated.
FIG. 4 (a) is a view showing a landing-promoting base material having a simple shape that does not overlap (unit).
(B) The figure which shows the state which fixed many implantation | attachment promotion base materials in planar form.
Fig. 5 shows a state in which a ceramic landing promoting substrate having a groove on the lower surface is installed upside down in a land tank, and a gametophyte of fine seaweed (arame) has arrived at the depth of the groove. Photo.
FIG. 6 is a ceramic seaweed implantation promoting substrate. The photograph which shows that the single body of the implantation promotion base material was piled up and secured, and the connection / insertion part at the lowermost end was covered for prevention of attached organisms.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Landing board part 2 Spacer part 3 Connecting / inserting part 4 Cap for preventing attached organisms 5 Depth of attached plate upper surface 6 Spacer part and connecting / inserting part

Claims (5)

A seaweed artificial breeding device characterized by fixing a landing promoting substrate made of ceramic and comprising one or more landing plates, a spacer, and one connecting / inserting portion. The artificial propagation device for seaweeds according to claim 1, wherein the spacer portion and the connection / insertion portion are integrated in a conical shape or a pyramid shape. The seaweed artificial propagation device according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a thickness of 4 mm to 10 mm. The artificial propagation device for seaweeds according to claim 1, wherein grooves or holes having a diameter or a width of 4 mm to 10 mm and a depth of 4 mm to 20 mm are formed on the landing plate portion. The artificial prosthetic device made of ceramic according to (1), (2), (3) or (4) is fixed in a water tank or the sea, and seeds of seaweed are put on the seaweed. A method for artificially growing a seaweed bed, comprising inserting a hole into a base of the seaweed bed and fixing the seaweed bed.

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