JP6153004B2 - Fastener, coral breeding method, and coral protection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fastener for fixing an underwater installation member for protecting or growing aquatic organisms formed in a substantially lattice shape or net shape to an underwater installation surface, and the underwater installation member with the fastener is a surface of the underwater rock It is related to a coral growing method for fixing to a rock, a coral protection method for fixing an underwater installation member formed in a substantially bowl shape with its fasteners to the surface of the bottom rock.

  Coral is an animal belonging to the cnidaria, and has a feature of developing a hard skeleton mainly composed of calcium carbonate.

  Coral individuals have a structure called polyp. Coral polyps are mostly 1 cm or less in size, and are fixed and fixed on rocks to create an exoskeleton mainly composed of calcium carbonate. Each individual settles and sticks to a place close to another polyp and gathers to form a colony. Polyps that are adjacent to each other in the group form a common skeleton and are connected by a living organization called the co-meat part, and also exchange nutrients.

  Some coral colonies form large-scale skeletons to form coral reefs and are called reef-building corals. The zooxanthellae coexist in the reef-building coral. The zooxanthellae synthesize carbon compounds by photosynthesis and supply most of them to coral, or convert carbon dioxide generated by coral respiration into oxygen.

  Corals proliferate through both sexual and asexual reproduction. Many corals lay a bundle (egg and sperm package) from the mouth of a polyp once a year. Bundles bounce near the sea surface and fertilize (sexual reproduction). The fertilized egg becomes a planula larva, drifts in the sea, settles on the seabed and transforms into a polyp. Polyps create skeletons and create new polyps around them by budding (asexual reproduction) to form coral colonies.

  In recent years, many coral reefs have been rapidly destroyed or are in danger and have become a major problem. For example, seawater pollution due to coastal development, inflow of earth and sand and domestic wastewater has a direct impact on many corals. Also, due to the rise in seawater temperature due to abnormal weather such as global warming, zooxanthellae escape from corals, and many corals turn white and some of them die without recovering. In addition, the damage to corals due to food damage such as oni starfish is enormous.

  On the other hand, there is an interest in the restoration and protection of coral reefs, and several attempts have been proposed. Coral reef regeneration methods can be broadly divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. In addition, as means for protecting coral reefs, various means have been proposed for preventing food damage caused by the starfish and the like.

  Regeneration of coral reefs by sexual reproduction is generally performed by causing a planula larva to grow on an artificial base for coral cultivation, and then moving the artificial base to a regeneration point. As a means for regenerating coral reefs by sexual reproduction, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a coral propagation method in which a high concentration region of coral eggs and planula larvae is formed and the planula larvae are grown on an epiphytic base. Describes a coral reef creation method in which coral larvae are grown on a net-like structure and a base on which the net-like structure is laid.

  Regeneration of coral reefs by asexual reproduction is generally performed by adhering coral tissue fragments collected from aquaculture or nature to an artificial base for coral transplantation, and moving the artificial base to a regeneration point. As a means for regenerating coral reefs by asexual reproduction, for example, Patent Document 3 describes a method for landscaping coral reefs using fragments collected from coral colonies.

  As a means for protecting coral reefs against corrosion damage, for example, Patent Document 4 describes a method for preventing coral damage from sea lions using a seabed-installed net structure.

In addition, for the purpose of protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms, a grid-like or net-like underwater installation member may be installed in the water.
JP 2003-219755 A Japanese Patent No. 4749848 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-135033 JP 2005-40121 A

  For example, in order to protect and nurture aquatic organisms, including the rehabilitation and protection of coral reefs, etc., when installing and fixing underwater installation members in the form of a lattice or net in the water, in general, work mainly in diving Therefore, it is preferable that the fixing operation can be completed easily and in a short time. Further, after the installation / fixation of the underwater installation member, it is necessary to stably maintain the state in which the underwater installation member is fixed for a long period of time in an environment where an external force such as a wave is applied.

  Conventionally, physical installation means such as nails and anchor bolts, chemical adhesion means such as underwater bonds, and the like have been used for such installation / fixing work of underwater installation members. The work is often complicated, and it is often difficult to maintain the state where the underwater installation member is fixed for a long time against external forces such as waves.

  Therefore, for the purpose of protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms, the present invention can fix the underwater installation member to the bottom of the water or the like by a simple operation when installing or fixing the lattice-like or net-like underwater installation member in the water. And it aims at providing the means etc. which can maintain the fixed state for a long period of time.

  In the present invention, for the protection or breeding of aquatic organisms, each leg portion constituting the substantial part and each opening portion surrounded by the plurality of leg portions is formed by being formed in a substantially lattice shape or net shape. A fastener for fixing an underwater installation member to an underwater installation surface, comprising: a hook portion and a shaft portion standing from the back surface of the hook portion, wherein the underwater installation member is attached to the installation surface When being fixed to the shaft, the shaft portion is driven into the installation surface in a state where the shaft portion is inserted through the opening portion, and a plurality of leg portions surrounding the opening portion and the back surface of the flange portion are in contact with each other. By doing so, the underwater installation member provides a fastener that is sandwiched between the flange and the installation surface.

  This fastener mainly includes a collar portion and a shaft portion. When the underwater installation member is fixed to the underwater installation surface, the heel portion comes into contact with the leg portion of the underwater installation member and prevents the underwater installation member from falling off the installation surface. On the other hand, the shaft portion is driven into the installation surface and prevents the fastener itself from falling off the installation surface. Since the shaft portion is driven in a state where the shaft portion is inserted through the opening of the underwater installation member, the underwater installation member is sandwiched between the flange portion and the installation surface and fixed.

  For example, underwater rocks mainly made of coral limestone, such as coral reef water areas (water areas where coral reefs are formed or water areas where coral reefs are formed) or surrounding water areas, are porous and piled. Is relatively easy to drive. Therefore, for example, when installing an underwater installation member on the surface of the underwater bedrock, after drilling the surface of the underwater bedrock with a drill, etc., this fastener is fitted and driven into the place, so even in diving work, it is easy And fixing work can be completed in a short time. In addition, since the buttock effectively prevents the underwater installation member from falling off, the state in which the underwater installation member is fixed can be maintained for a long time against external forces such as waves. In addition, this fastener can be applied to a case where an underwater installation member is fixed to a wall surface of a concrete structure.

  The fastener may have a configuration in which the collar portion is formed of a flexible material and is curved on the side where the shaft portion is erected. Thereby, before the attachment of the fastener, the collar portion is curved downward from the horizontal plane, while at the time of mounting, it contacts the underwater installation member and deforms into a substantially planar shape, and by elastic force, Press the underwater installation member downward. Therefore, according to this configuration, the underwater installation member can be fixed in close contact with the surface to be installed, and the underwater installation member can be fixed with little swinging and strong and difficult to drop off.

  In this fastener, a locking structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion, and the locking structure has a resistance for pulling out from the installation surface rather than a resistance when driving the fastener into the installation surface. It may be an increasing structure. As a result, the fastener can be driven into the installation surface more easily, and the fastener can be effectively prevented from falling off. Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to reduce a work load in diving and to fix an underwater installation member that is strong and difficult to drop off.

  The underwater installation member and / or fastener may be formed of a biodegradable material. For example, by designing the members to be disassembled at the time when the purpose of protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms is achieved, it is possible to prevent those members from remaining in the installation area and reduce the environmental load.

  The present invention can be applied to both coral reef regeneration by sexual reproduction and coral reef regeneration by asexual reproduction. In the case of coral reef regeneration by sexual reproduction, for example, after growing planula larvae on an underwater installation member for coral growth and growing it, the underwater installation member with coral attached to the installation point using this fastener By fixing, coral can be cultivated easily and reliably. Also, even in the case of coral reef regeneration by asexual reproduction, for example, after coral tissue fragments collected from aquaculture or nature are adhered to an underwater installation member for coral transplantation, By fixing the installation member at the installation point, coral can be easily and reliably grown.

  Furthermore, for example, using the underwater installation member formed in a substantially bowl shape, the coral is covered in a non-contact state, and a plurality of locations near the periphery of the underwater installation member are fixed to the surface of the underwater bedrock with this fastener. By this, corals can be protected from food damage such as a starfish. In addition, the present invention can be applied not only to the restoration and protection of coral reefs, but also to all cases where a grid-like or net-like underwater installation member is installed and fixed in water for the purpose of protecting or growing aquatic organisms. .

  According to the present invention, for the purpose of protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms, when installing and fixing a grid-like or net-like underwater installation member in the water, the underwater installation member can be fixed in the water with a simple work, Moreover, the state which fixed the underwater installation member can be maintained for a long period also with respect to external forces, such as a wave.

<About the fastener according to the present invention>
Hereinafter, the fastener according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3D. Note that the present invention protects or nurtures aquatic organisms that are formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape, and each leg portion constituting the substantial part and each opening portion surrounded by the plurality of leg portions. An underwater installation member for fixing the underwater installation member to an underwater installation surface, comprising: a flange portion; and a shaft portion erected from the back surface of the flange portion; When fixing to the installation surface, the shaft portion is driven into the installation surface in a state where the shaft portion is inserted through the opening portion, and a plurality of leg portions surrounding the opening portion and a back surface of the flange portion are provided. By abutting, the underwater installation member broadly includes a fastener that is sandwiched between the flange and the installation surface, and is not limited to the following embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional external perspective schematic view showing an example of an underwater installation member fixing means according to the present invention. In the figure, the fastener A, the underwater installation member B, and the installation surface C according to the present invention are mainly described. In FIG. The installation surface C is a schematic external perspective view.

  The fastener A in FIG. 1 is formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape, and thus each leg B1 constituting the substantial part and each opening B2 surrounded by a plurality of legs B1, B1, B1, B1. Is a member for fixing an underwater installation member B for protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms to an installation surface C in the water, and a shaft portion erected from the collar portion 1 and the back surface 11 of the collar portion 1 When the underwater installation member B is fixed to the installation surface C, the shaft portion 2 is driven into the predetermined location C1 on the installation surface C in a state where the shaft portion 2 is inserted through the opening B2 (see reference numeral X1). (Refer to the reference numeral X2), each leg part B1, B1, B1, B1 surrounding the opening part B2 and the back surface 11 of the collar part 1 are brought into contact with each other, so that the underwater installation member B and the collar part 1 are installed. The structure is sandwiched between the surface C.

  The fastener A is a member for fixing the underwater installation member B to the installation surface C as described above, and mainly includes the flange portion 1 and the shaft portion 2. By using this fastener A, the submerged installation member can be simply attached to the installation surface C when the grid-like or net-like submerged installation member B is installed / fixed in water for the purpose of protecting or growing aquatic organisms. In addition, it can be fixed in a short time, and the state in which the underwater installation member is fixed can be maintained for a long time against external forces such as waves.

  The material of the fastener A is not particularly limited. For example, a biodegradable material, a material formed of an iron material, or the like can be applied, but a material formed of a biodegradable material is more preferable in that a flexible material can be used. As described above, by designing the components so that they can be disassembled when the objectives such as protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms are achieved, it is possible to prevent these components from remaining in the installation area and reduce the environmental burden. it can.

  Examples of biodegradable materials include, for example, polybutylene succinate resins (eg, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate / adipate, polybutylene succinate / terephthalate, etc.), polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate, polycaprolactone , Polyethylene succinate, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, cellulose acetate and the like. Depending on the purpose and application, a mixture of any of these or a mixture containing these as a main component and also containing other components may be appropriately employed.

  The heel part 1 is a part that contacts the leg part B1 of the underwater installation member B when the underwater installation member B is fixed to the installation surface C. The underside installation member B is prevented from falling off the installation surface C after the underwater installation member B is fixed to the installation surface C by the back surface 11 of the heel part 1 contacting the leg B1 of the underwater installation member B. To do.

  The shape of the collar part 1 should just be the shape in which the back surface 11 can contact | abut at least some of each leg part B1, B1, B1, B1 which surrounds one opening part B2 of the underwater installation member B, There is no particular limitation. For example, when the opening B2 is formed in a substantially square shape, the underwater installation member B can be fixed by forming the collar portion 1 in a shape that can contact all four sides (four leg portions B1). Can be stronger. The dimensions of the flange 1 are not particularly limited, but, for example, the dimension of one opening B2 of the underwater installation member B is the length of the longest side when the shape of the opening B2 is approximately square, If the diameter is defined as the diameter or major axis, and the length of the longest diagonal line is defined in the case of other polygonal shapes, the dimension of the collar part 1 (the length of the longest diagonal line) needs to be designed larger than the dimension of the opening B. is there.

  In the present invention, the flange portion 1 may be formed of a flexible material and may have a configuration in which the shaft portion 2 is curvedly formed on the side where the shaft portion 2 is erected. In the fastener A of FIG. 1, the collar part 1 is curvedly formed below the horizontal plane (see reference numeral X3). Thereby, before attaching the fastener A, the collar portion 1 is curved downward from the horizontal plane, but at the time of attachment, the abutment portion 1 comes into contact with the underwater installation member B, is deformed into a substantially planar shape, and is elastic. The underwater installation member B can be pressed downward by the force. Therefore, according to this configuration, the underwater installation member B can be fixed in close contact with the installation surface C, and the underwater installation member B can be fixed with little swinging and strong and difficult to drop off.

  The shaft portion 2 is a substantially rod-shaped portion that is erected from the back surface 11 of the flange portion 1 and is driven into the installation surface C to prevent the fastener A itself from falling off the installation surface C. Since the shaft portion 2 is driven in a state of being inserted through the opening B2 of the underwater installation member B, the underwater installation member B is sandwiched between the flange portion 1 and the installation surface C and fixed.

  The shape of the shaft portion 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape that can be driven into the installation surface C and fix the fastener A. For example, a substantially rod shape, that is, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially polygonal column shape, or the like may be used. The dimensions of the shaft portion 2 can also be set as appropriate according to the purpose and application, and are not particularly limited. Generally, when the shaft portion 2 is lengthened, the fastener A is less likely to drop off, and the underwater installation member B can be reliably fixed for a long period of time. However, the work for attaching the fastener A increases. On the other hand, when the shaft portion 2 is shortened, the labor of attaching the fastener A is reduced, but the risk of the fastener A dropping off increases.

  In the present invention, a locking structure 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 2, and the locking structure 21 starts from the installation surface C rather than the resistance when the fastener A is driven into the installation surface C (see reference numeral X 4). It may be a structure in which the resistance for pulling out (see reference X5) increases. As a result, the fastener A can be driven into the installation surface C in a short time with less labor, and the fastener A can be effectively prevented from falling off. Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the work load in diving and to fix the underwater installation member B that is strong and difficult to drop off.

  For example, by projecting a large number of engagement pieces outward from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 2 and forming the engagement pieces upward (in the direction of the flange 1) from the horizontal plane, for example, the shaft portion 2 By forming a large number of cuts in the outer peripheral surface of the metal plate and forming the cuts upward (in the direction of the flange 1) from the horizontal plane, the installation surface is more than the resistance when the fastener A is driven into the installation surface C. A structure in which the resistance for pulling out from C increases can be obtained.

  The underwater installation member B is a member that is installed in water to protect or grow aquatic organisms, and is formed in a substantially lattice shape or net shape. And it is provided with each leg part B1 which comprises a substantial part, and each opening part B2 enclosed by the some leg part B1 by having formed in the substantially grid | lattice form or the net form.

  About the use of the underwater installation member B, what is necessary is just to install in water for protection or cultivation of aquatic organisms, and it is not specifically limited. For example, when regenerating coral reefs by sexual reproduction, artificial bases for coral cultivation used to grow and grow planula larvae, when regenerating coral reefs by asexual reproduction, aquaculture or collected from the natural world The underwater installation member B according to the present invention also includes an artificial base for coral transplantation used for adhering the coral tissue fragments, a covering net material for protecting the coral from food damage, and the like. In addition, members for protecting or growing aquatic organisms other than corals are also widely included in the underwater installation member B according to the present invention.

  The shape of the underwater installation member B is not particularly limited as long as it is formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape and can be appropriately set depending on the purpose and application. For example, a substantially flat shape or a bag shape may be used for coral cultivation, or a substantially bowl shape or a bag shape may be used for coral protection. Also about the dimension of the underwater installation member B, it can set suitably according to the objective and the use. For example, those having a vertical and horizontal (.height) range of 0.2 to 10.0 m may be used. Further, for example, a plurality of members may be joined together.

  About the material of the underwater installation member B, it can set suitably according to the objective and the use, etc., It does not specifically limit. For example, you may be formed with the biodegradable material similar to the fastener A. FIG. As described above, by designing the components so that they can be disassembled when the objectives such as protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms are achieved, it is possible to prevent these components from remaining in the installation area and reduce the environmental burden. it can.

  The leg portion B1 is a substantial part of the underwater installation member B formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape, and is, for example, a framework portion in the case of a substantially lattice shape, or a wire portion in the case of a net shape. When the underwater installation member B is fixed to the installation surface C with the fastener A according to the present invention, the plurality of legs B1 surrounding the opening B2 through which the shaft portion 2 of the fastener A is inserted are the hooks of the fastener A. It abuts on the back surface 11 of the part 1.

  The width, thickness, cross-sectional shape, and the like of the leg B1 may be set as appropriate according to the purpose, application, material, etc., and are not particularly limited. For example, when the fastener A and the underwater installation member B are formed of the same biodegradable material, the decomposition time can be reduced by designing the width of the leg B1 of the underwater installation member B to be smaller than that of the fastener A. Can be shifted. That is, by changing the widths of both the members, for example, the underwater installation member B can be designed to be disassembled first, and the fastener A can be disassembled after the underwater installation member B is disassembled.

  The opening B2 is a portion surrounded by a plurality of legs (B1, B1, B1, B1 in FIG. 1), and is a hole formed in the underwater installation member B. When fixing the underwater installation member B to the installation surface C with the fastener A according to the present invention, the shaft portion 2 of the fastener A is driven into the installation surface C with the opening B2 inserted, and the underwater installation member B is inserted. Is fixed to the installation surface C.

  The shape of the opening B2 is not particularly limited, and for example, a shape formed in a substantially polygonal shape (such as a substantially square shape or a substantially hexagonal shape) or a substantially circular shape can be appropriately employed. The size of the opening B2 can also be set as appropriate according to the purpose and application, and is not particularly limited.

  It is sufficient that the installation surface C exists in water and at least a surface on which the fastener A according to the present invention can be driven is formed. The type / material / shape of the installation surface, surface irregularities, surface It is not limited narrowly by the direction of the. As the installation surface C of the underwater installation member B, for example, the surface of a bottom bedrock, a wall surface of a concrete structure in which at least a part is constructed in water, and the like can be given. For example, when the purpose is to protect or nurture coral reefs, coral reef water areas (water areas where coral reefs have been formed or water areas where coral reefs have been formed) or underwater bedrock in the surrounding waters are mainly used. The surface of the bottom bedrock formed of limestone is suitable for the present invention because it is porous and it is relatively easy to drive a pile or the like.

  2A to 2D are diagrams showing examples of fasteners according to the present invention, FIG. 2A is a front view (or rear view), FIG. 2B is a left side view (or right side view), and FIG. 2C is a plan view. 2D is a bottom view.

  In the fastener A of FIG. 2, the shaft portion 2 is formed in a pin shape, includes a tip portion 22 and an umbrella portion 23, and is inserted into the collar portion 1, so that the shaft portion 2 is the back surface 11 of the collar portion 1. It stands from. The collar portion 1 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and is curved on the side where the shaft portion 2 is erected. A small hole 12 is formed in the collar portion 1. The tip portion 22 of the shaft portion 2 is formed in a substantially conical shape.

  3A to 3D are views showing another example of the fastener according to the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a front view (or rear view), FIG. 3B is a left side view (or right side view), and FIG. A plan view and FIG. 3D are bottom views.

  Also in the fastener A ′ of FIG. 3, the shaft portion 2 is formed in a pin shape, includes a tip portion 22 and an umbrella portion 23, and is inserted into the collar portion 1, so that the shaft portion 2 is the back surface of the collar portion 1. 11 is standing up. The collar portion 1 is formed in a substantially cross shape, and is curved on the side where the shaft portion 2 is erected. A small hole 12 is formed in the collar portion 1. The tip portion 22 of the shaft portion 2 is formed in a substantially conical shape.

<About the coral cultivation method according to the present invention>
The present invention includes all coral cultivation methods including the step of fixing the underwater installation member to which the coral is adhered to the surface of the underwater rock mass with the fastener according to the present invention.

  For example, an underwater installation member formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape is used as an artificial base for coral cultivation, and after the coral is attached to the underwater installation member, the underwater installation member is attached to the water bottom with the fastener according to the present invention. By fixing to the surface of the bedrock, it is possible to install a coral cultivation substrate with low labor, and to regenerate the coral reef.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to both coral reef regeneration by sexual reproduction and coral reef regeneration by asexual reproduction.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the coral breeding method according to the present invention in the case of regenerating coral reefs by sexual reproduction.

  In FIG. 4, the shaft portion 2 of the fastener A is driven into the surface C ′ of the underwater rock mass, and the underwater installation member B is sandwiched and fixed between the flange portion 1 and the surface C ′ of the underwater rock mass. At that time, the underwater installation member B is bent by the height d, and a plurality of locations in the vicinity of the periphery B3 are fixed with the fasteners A, so that the underwater installation member B and the bottom bedrock are located near the center of the underwater installation member B. A space S is formed between the surface C ′ and the surface C ′.

  As described above, coral reef regeneration by sexual reproduction is performed, for example, by causing planula larvae to grow and grow on an artificial base for coral cultivation, and then moving the artificial base to a regeneration point. At this time, according to the observation of the present inventor, after the planula larvae have settled on the artificial base, the planula larvae often settle on the lower surface of the artificial base, and then protrude and multiply on the upper surface of the substrate.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the underwater installation member B according to the present invention is adopted for an artificial base for coral cultivation, and a plurality of locations near the periphery B3 are bent in the state where the underwater installation member B is bent. By fixing with the fastener A, in the vicinity of the center of the underwater installation member B, a configuration in which a gap is formed between the underwater installation member B and the surface C ′ of the underwater rock mass, It is possible to prevent the coral colonization and growth on the lower surface of the member B from being inhibited, and to promote the growth of the coral.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the coral breeding method according to the present invention in the case of regenerating coral reefs by asexual reproduction.

  In FIG. 5, the shaft portion 2 of the fastener A is driven into the surface C ′ of the bottom bedrock, and the underwater installation member B is sandwiched and fixed between the collar portion 1 and the surface C ′ of the bottom bedrock. Coral L adheres to the underwater installation member B. In FIG. 5, not only the vicinity B3 of the underwater installation member B but also a portion B4 that is not sufficiently in close contact with the surface C ′ of the bottom rock mass is fixed by the fastener A.

  As described above, the regeneration of coral reefs by asexual reproduction is performed by, for example, fusing a coral tissue fragment collected from aquaculture or nature to an artificial base for coral transplantation, and moving the artificial base to a regeneration point. At this time, according to the observation of the present inventor, the adhesion between the coral tissue fragment and the underwater rock can be promoted by adhering the coral tissue fragment and the underwater rock, thereby promoting the growth of the coral and the regeneration of the coral reef.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the underwater installation member B to which the coral L is attached is laid at the regeneration point, not only the vicinity B3 of the underwater installation member B but also the surface C ′ of the bottom bedrock. By fixing one or more locations B4 that are not sufficiently in close contact with the fastener A, the underwater installation member B and the surface C ′ of the underwater rock can be easily brought into close contact with each other over a wide range. Adhesion between the fragment L and the surface C ′ of the submarine rock can be promoted, and coral breeding and coral reef regeneration can be promoted efficiently with low labor.

<About the coral protection method according to the present invention>
The present invention covers the coral in a non-contact state using the submerged installation member formed in a substantially bowl shape, and a plurality of locations near the periphery of the submerged installation member are attached to the underwater rock with the fastener according to the present invention. All coral protection methods including the step of fixing to the surface of the substrate are included.

  For example, an underwater installation member formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape and in a substantially bowl shape is covered with coral in a non-contact state and fixed to the surface of the underwater bedrock. Can be protected. At this time, for example, by fixing a plurality of locations near the periphery of the underwater installation member with this fastener, the underwater installation member can be fixed by a simple operation, and even under an external force such as a wave, The state in which the installation member is fixed can be maintained for a long time. Therefore, the coral can be protected from food damage such as the starfish for a long time.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the coral protection method according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 6, the shaft portion 2 of the fastener A is placed on the surface C of the underwater rock in a plurality of locations near the periphery B ′ 3 of the underwater installation member B ′ formed in a substantially lattice shape or a net shape. The underwater installation member B is sandwiched and fixed between the heel portion 1 and the surface C of the bottom bedrock. And the coral L is coat | covered in the non-contact state using the substantially bowl-shaped underwater installation member B '. Thereby, it is possible to protect the coral from coral damage such as a starfish by a simple operation of installing the underwater installation member B ′ in the place where the coral L is growing and fixing it with the fastener A. .

  In addition, for example, after fixing the underwater installation member B to which the coral L is adhered to the surface C ′ of the underwater rock mass with the fastener A (see FIG. 4 or 5), the underwater installation member B ′ formed in a substantially bowl shape The coral L may be covered with the underwater installation member B (not shown). Thereby, the coral which grew by sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction using the underwater installation member B, and was transplanted can be protected easily and effectively from food damage such as a starfish.

  As described above, there are cases in which a substantially grid-like or substantially net-like underwater installation member is installed and fixed in water for the purpose of protecting or nurturing aquatic organisms, including the regeneration and protection of coral reefs. Conventionally, in such an underwater installation member installation / fixing operation, physical fixing means such as nails and anchor bolts, chemical adhesion means such as underwater bond, and the like are used.

  However, for example, when the underwater installation member is fixed using a nail, it is likely to be detached by an external force such as a wave, and it is often difficult to maintain the state where the underwater installation member is fixed for a long time. Also, anchor bolts are usually methods for working mainly on land, so when fixing underwater installation members using anchor bolts, it is difficult to work efficiently in a submerged state, and low labor And it is often difficult to finish the work in a short time. When fixing an underwater installation member using an underwater bond etc., handling is complicated and workability | operativity is also bad. There are also concerns about using chemicals in water. In addition, there is a problem that the bond is likely to flow out due to external force during fixing.

  On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the underwater installation member can be installed and fixed by a simple operation of simply driving the fastener onto the installation surface, the operation can be completed with low labor and in a short time even in the operation of diving. Moreover, the state which fixed the underwater installation member can be maintained for a long period also with respect to external forces, such as a wave.

The partial cross section external appearance perspective schematic diagram which shows the example of the underwater installation member fixing means which concerns on this invention. The front view (rear view) which shows the example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The left view (right view) which shows the example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The top view which shows the example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The bottom view which shows the example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The front view (back view) which shows another example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The left view (right view) which shows another example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The top view which shows another example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The bottom view which shows another example of the fastener which concerns on this invention. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral cultivation method which concerns on this invention in the case of aiming at reproduction | regeneration of the coral reef by sexual reproduction. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral cultivation method which concerns on this invention in the case of aiming at the reproduction | regeneration of a coral reef by asexual reproduction. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of the coral protection method which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ridge part 2 Shaft part 21 Locking structure A, A 'Fastening B Underwater installation member B1 Leg part B2 Opening B3 Near the periphery of the underwater installation member B C Installation surface L Coral S Underwater installation member B and the surface of the bottom rock Air gap between C '

Claims (6)

An underwater installation member for protecting or cultivating aquatic organisms, comprising each leg part constituting the substantial part and each opening part surrounded by the plurality of leg parts by being formed in a substantially lattice shape or net-like shape, Is a fastener for fixing the underwater installation surface,
A collar portion and a shaft portion erected from the back surface of the collar portion;
When fixing the underwater installation member to the installation surface, the shaft portion is driven into the installation surface in a state of passing through the opening,
The underwater installation member is configured to be sandwiched between the flange portion and the installation surface by contacting a plurality of leg portions surrounding the opening and the back surface of the flange portion. Oh it is,
A fastener in which the collar portion is formed of a flexible material and is curved on the side where the shaft portion is erected . A locking structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion,
The fastener according to claim 1, wherein the locking structure is a structure in which a resistance for pulling out the fastener from the installation surface is larger than a resistance when the fastener is driven into the installation surface. The fastener according to claim 1 or 2 , formed of a biodegradable material. The coral cultivation method including the process of fixing the said underwater installation member with which the coral adhered to the surface of a bottom rock mass with the fastener as described in any one of Claims 1-3 . In the state where the underwater installation member is bent, a plurality of positions near the periphery thereof are fixed with the fasteners, so that a gap is formed between the underwater installation member and the surface of the bottom rock in the vicinity of the center of the underwater installation member. The coral cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein: Using said underwater installation member formed in a substantially cage, coral was coated with a non-contact state, a plurality of locations around the periphery of the water in the installation member, the fastener of any one of claims 1 to 3 Coral protection method including the step of fixing to the surface of the underwater rock.

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