JP2010035420A - Seaweed cultivation implement and method for creating seaweed bed using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seaweed cultivation implement with which seaweed seedlings to be transplanted are fixed to a construction such as a covering block, a root-fixing block, an artificial fish-breeding reef having variety of shapes at an early stage with a high probability and which is facilitated in maintenance: and to provide a method for creating a seaweed bed using the seaweed cultivation implement. <P>SOLUTION: The seaweed cultivation implement includes seaweed seedling-attached ropes 3 each produced by making seaweed seedlings 32 adhere to a short rope 31, and a base plate 2 on one side of which grooves 21 to each of which the rope 31 can be attached are formed, so that the implement can be easily fixed to an appropriate position of a creating construction utilizing a bolt insertion hole 22 made in the center of the base plate 2. The seaweed seedling-attached ropes 3 and the base plate 2 have little resistance to the sea current because the upper peripheral surface of the rope 31 lies at an almost the same level as that of the top surface of the base plate 2 in an integrated condition. According to such a structure, the seaweed seedling-attached ropes 3 are hardly detached even when the seaweed cultivation implement is mounted on a horizontal face of the creating construction set up at a place strongly beaten by waves, so that the seaweed cultivation implement contributes to improvement in the success rate of seaweed bed creation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for constructing seaweed beds centering on seaweeds, which brings about the propagation of seafood and contributes greatly to the improvement of the marine environment, and more specifically, for transplantation introduced from the outside as mother algae at the time of seaweed field construction. This is related to seaweed seedling establishment technology.

Currently, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the growth and aquaculture of seafood and seaweed are being promoted. However, in the coastal areas, seaweed beds disappear due to various causes, and the seafood that uses the seaweed baths as a place of life is drastically reduced. ing.

Seaweeds generally grow on the surface of rocks that are relatively shallow. However, the seaweeds are environmentally friendly because there are often no maternal groups that are the source of zoospores nearby, and the surface of the rock that forms the bed is often covered with lime algae. However, the situation is extremely difficult to settle. In addition, seaweeds are originally difficult to grow in sandy mud. Therefore, it is important to try to introduce seaweed from the outside in the regeneration of the seaweed beds in such a seawater-burning sea area and the construction of seaweed beds in the sand mud sea area.

Conventionally, as a method for constructing a seaweed bed, a structure such as a concrete block or the like that has been devised in various ways that can function as a seaweed settlement floor (also referred to as a “settling substrate” or “settlement base”). In the specification, it is generally referred to as “building structure”), and the method is to wait for the seaweed to naturally grow on the surface of the structure. However, these conventional methods depend on natural establishment through zoospores, so that the establishment of seaweed in the early stage of development is not only greatly influenced by uncertain natural factors, but also in the establishment of seaweed beds. There was a fundamental problem in terms of creation efficiency and certainty, which took time.

Therefore, the use of twisted seams with seedlings of seaweed (also referred to as seedlings or seeds) that are widely used in seaweed farming, etc., has been studied. Specifically, spores and the like are attached to a twisted yarn having a diameter of about 2 mm in an onshore water tank, and the sprouted seaweed juvenile is transferred into the sea and is grown on the twisted yarn until it reaches about several centimeters. The twisted yarn with seaweed seedlings that has undergone the intermediate growth stage is wound around a construction structure such as a concrete block, and set in the sea. Then, temporary roots extend from the seedlings to the surface of the construction structure, where they settle and mature seaweeds release zoospores, causing seaweeds to grow on the surface of the construction structure and its surroundings, Is to achieve.

However, this conventional method is not only difficult to fix the seed and seedlings to the construction structure, but is also unstable in the state after the attachment, and is applied to the construction structure already installed in the sea. It was almost impossible. In addition, even after installation, if there is any problem with the fixed state of the seed and seedlings with respect to the construction structure, the seeds and seeds that are thin and unstable in shape, the deterioration of the fixed state expands from the problem location, There was a drawback that it was easily removed from the building structure. In particular, since the seedling thread itself has almost no strength, seaweed seedlings must be handled at the very small stage of the juveniles, and they often grow well and do not grow well after construction. there were. For this reason, there are many problems in the above-described method of applying seedling yarn as it is as a means for transplanting seaweed seedlings.

In recent years, instead of the above method of applying shape-unstable seeds and seedlings as a carrier for transplanting seaweed seeds and seedlings as it is to the construction structure, seeds and seeds were appropriately fixed on the surface of the substrate made of the material. A method of attaching a seaweed seedling to a surface portion of a construction structure through a substrate that is formed in a composite form and is stable in shape has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
JP 2002-171854 A JP 2008-61574 A JP 2008-72925 A

In each of the above-mentioned growth members, seedlings and seedlings that are artificially attached to the surface of the twisted yarn on the surface of the twisted yarn and germinated in a land tank are used. In the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, seedlings and seedlings grown by seaweed juveniles are nailed to a substrate made of wood, and in the invention described in Patent Document 3, the surface of a synthetic resin plate is used. The seedlings are hung around and attached to the provided protrusions. However, since such a seedling yarn has a very thin twisted yarn itself, it cannot sufficiently support the temporary roots of the seaweed seedling and the adhesion between the twisted yarn and the seaweed seedling is in a very small state. For this reason, when fixing a seedling thread | yarn with respect to these board | substrates, there existed a problem that a seaweed seedling seedling was easy to drop | omit from a twisted thread | yarn, and a yield was bad.

Furthermore, in the case where a seaweed bed made of specific seaweed is created using the above-mentioned growth member, if intermediate growth of seaweed seedlings on the growth member performed in the sea in advance is not sufficient, after being attached to the structure for creation Problems are likely to occur. For example, when creating a seaweed bed mainly composed of cypress, an intertidal zone with strong waves is selected based on the environment where the cypress grows. However, in such a place of the growth environment, the seedlings are fixed in a state of jumping out on the substrate surface of the growing member, so that the seaweed seedling that is not sufficiently intermediately grown, that is, its temporary root is sufficient with respect to the substrate surface. When the one not attached to the seawater is used, the introduced seaweed seedlings are easily sown by waves. In some cases, the entire seedlings and seedlings may be detached from the substrate, and thus the growing member having such a configuration has a problem that it is difficult to apply to a place with strong wave contact or a place with a fast flow due to its structure. Moreover, in the state of a small alga body, it is easy to be damaged by food and may disappear before it matures. Thus, when seaweed seedlings and seedlings disappear, the entire substrate must be replaced, and there is room for improvement in terms of maintenance.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of these prior arts, and can establish a seaweed seedling for transplantation with a high probability at an early stage with respect to a construction structure. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seaweed breeding tool that can be applied to a strong place and is easy to maintain, and a method for creating a seaweed bed using the seaweed breeding tool.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the seaweed breeding tool according to claim 1 of the present invention, a short rope carrying the seaweed seedling after intermediate breeding, and the rope substantially coincide with the top end surface on the opening side, from the opening It consists of the board | substrate which has the groove part which can be attached in the state which the seaweed seedling protruded, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

In addition, the method for constructing a seaweed bed according to claim 2 includes a short rope carrying the seaweed seedling after intermediate growth, and the rope being substantially coincident with the top end surface on the opening side, with the seaweed seedling protruding from the opening. A seaweed breeding device consisting of a substrate having a groove portion that can be attached on the surface is attached to the horizontal surface of the construction structure so that the seaweed seedlings are on the front side, and the seaweed seedlings transplanted to this construction structure are used as a starting point around It is characterized by growing seaweed. When hijiki is used as the seaweed seedling, it is convenient for creating a seaweed bed in a place with strong waves (Claim 3).

According to this invention, the following effects can be acquired by employ | adopting the above structures.
(1) The short rope carrying the seaweed seedling is mounted in the groove with its upper peripheral surface almost aligned with the top edge of the opening of the substrate. When installed, there is almost no resistance to flow. For this reason, since the possibility that the rope carrying the seaweed seedlings will come off from the groove portion of the substrate is greatly reduced, the seaweed breeding tool of the present invention is particularly effective for the construction of a cypress field that prefers a place with strong waves.
(2) Seaweed seedlings using a rope as a carrier can be grown intermediately until the alga body length is larger than that of conventional twisted yarn. Since it is applied to objects, it is unlikely that it will fall off the rope even in places with strong waves such as the above, and the probability that the temporary roots will extend from the substrate surface to the building structure and settle as time passes. high.
(3) Since the peripheral surface portion of the rope carrying the seaweed seedlings is almost coincident with the top end surface on the opening side of the groove and there is almost no step, the temporary roots of the seaweed seedlings can be removed from the rope surface in a relatively short period of time. Easily stretches on the substrate surface. Therefore, by fixing the seaweed breeding tool to the structure for creation, a stable settlement state of the seaweed seedling can be obtained at an early stage.
(4) The seaweed breeding tool can be easily and reliably attached to various construction structures by interposing a substrate, and the subsequent attachment state with the construction structure is stable. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the seaweed seedlings on the rope play a role as a mother alga in the early stage of development. As a result, the overgrown state of seaweed can be realized on the surface of the building structure and also in the surrounding area in a relatively short period of time.
(5) The short rope carrying the seaweed seedlings is detachable from the substrate and can be easily attached to the substrate at any place in the sea, at sea, or on land, so the degree of freedom during construction is extremely high. Moreover, since the replacement work in the sea after transplantation is easy, maintenance is also easy. In particular, providing a protrusion or the like in the vicinity of the opening of the groove so that the rope can be fitted is effective for quick installation, which is effective in improving the success rate of the seaweed formation.

In the present invention, since the rope carrying the seaweed seedling is mounted so that the height of the rope is aligned with the top end surface on the opening side with respect to the groove portion of the substrate, the surface of the substrate excluding the seaweed seedling becomes a substantially flat surface. This has the advantage that the rope is hardly detached from the substrate because there is almost no resistance of the rope to the flow even when it is attached to a construction structure in a place where the flow is fast or where the wave is strong. Furthermore, the seaweed seedlings carried on the rope have almost no step between the upper peripheral surface of the rope and the top end face on the opening side of the substrate, so that the extension of the temporary roots of the seaweed seedlings is not hindered, and a relatively short period of time. Then, the temporary root is extended and fixed on the surface of the substrate, and further, the temporary root is extended and fixed on the surface of the building structure. Therefore, the establishment rate of transplanted seaweed seedlings is increased, and it becomes a starting point for the establishment of a seaweed bed as a supply source of zoospores.

There are no particular limitations on the material or shape of the substrate used in the present invention, but concrete or the like is preferable as the material from the viewpoint of cost, and a rectangle or a circle is generally selected as the shape. Furthermore, the shape and number of grooves provided on the surface may be appropriately selected according to the area, the shape of the substrate, and the like, and considering the workability when attaching the rope with seaweed seedlings to the substrate, just fit the rope. It is convenient to have a shape that can be fixed with. In addition, the rope with seaweed seedlings used in combination with these substrates, for example, wraps seedling seedlings harvested in a land water tank spirally around a large-diameter rope, and intermediate growth until it reaches an appropriate size in the sea To obtain. In the present invention, the seaweed seedling is supported on a rope having an outer diameter much thicker than that of the twisted yarn. Therefore, the supporting ability of the seaweed seedling is significantly higher than that of the conventional twisted yarn (seed seedling yarn), and moreover, it suffers from food damage. It has the advantage of being able to grow on an underwater rope until it becomes difficult to size. In the case of hijiki and hondawara, it is possible to grow directly on the surface of the rope without using twisted yarn (seed seedling yarn). It is not limited. The kind of seaweed seedlings to be applied to the seaweed breeding device may be appropriately selected in consideration of various requirements such as whether the primary purpose is seaweed formation or seaweed cultivation, and environmental conditions of the installation site.

The method for fixing the seaweed breeding tool to the building structure is appropriately selected according to the shape and mounting position of the building structure. Specific examples include bolts / nuts and adhesion. In the case of hijiki, the mounting position is preferably a horizontal plane of the structure, but is not limited thereto. As the types of structures for construction, structures installed near the revetment such as wave-dissipating blocks, root-packing blocks, covering blocks, fish reef blocks, and other various shapes are applicable. There is no particular limitation. In addition, the operation of attaching the seaweed breeding tool to these construction structures is basically handled in a state where the substrate and the rope with the seaweed seedling are integrated. The mounting location can be selected from any of the land, the sea, and the sea, but depending on the situation, the rope with the seaweed seedling and the substrate can be handled separately. In this case, after fixing the substrate only to the required position of the structure for construction on the land near the construction site or just before the subsidence, or after attaching to the construction structure in the sea depending on the fixing means, A separately prepared rope with seaweed seedlings is attached to the groove of the substrate. The freshness of seaweed seedlings decreases with increasing exposure time to the air. Thus, when the seaweed seedling with reduced freshness is applied, not only does the growth of the seaweed seedling after the construction fail, but also the survival rate is unavoidable. Therefore, it is desirable that the attachment of the seaweed seedling rope to the substrate is performed on a trolley at least immediately before the installation, or the construction structure is first installed in a predetermined place and then installed in the sea. In addition, such a seaweed breeding tool has an advantage that seaweed seedlings can be easily added or exchanged when the growth state of the seaweed seedlings is not expected after construction.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views of the seaweed breeding tool according to the present invention, and show a separated state and an integrated state, respectively. The illustrated seaweed breeding tool 1 has a configuration in which two short ropes 3 carrying seaweed seedlings are attached to one side of a circular substrate 2 in a parallel spaced state. The substrate 2 used here is formed by molding concrete, natural stone, or the like into a disk shape, and has a groove having a substantially rectangular cross section at a depth substantially matching an outer diameter of a rope 31 described later on one surface. Two 21 are provided in parallel. Further, a bolt insertion hole 22 used for fixing to the building structure is provided in the central portion of the substrate 2 so as to penetrate from one surface to the other surface. The seaweed seedling rope 3 is substantially the same as the entire length of the groove portion 21 of the substrate 2, and is formed on the peripheral surface of a rope 31 made of natural fibers or synthetic fibers and having a thickness of about several centimeters. The seedlings 32 are grown. And in the state which inserted the rope 3 with a seaweed seedling into the groove part 21 of the board | substrate 2, and fixed both by the appropriate means, the top end surface of the opening side above the groove part 21, ie, the surface of the board | substrate 2, and the rope with a seaweed seedling seedling 3 is substantially the same height as the peripheral surface portion on the opening side, substantially the entire rope 31 is hidden inside the groove portion 21, and only the seaweed seedling 32 rises upward from the opening.

Next, the production method of the seaweed seedling rope 3 will be described in detail. The seedlings of seaweed juveniles can be obtained by a method used in wakame culture. First, a desired mature seaweed is collected and put in a water tank to release zoospores. Next, a twisted yarn suitable for attachment of seaweed zoospores such as Cremona (trade name) is immersed in a water tank in which the zoospores float, and the seaweed zoospores are attached to this to germinate. After that, when the seaweed juvenile becomes about several millimeters, the twisted yarn is spirally wound along the longitudinal direction of the long rope having an appropriate thickness, or cut to a short length. Attach them by inserting them into the rope twists at intervals. Then, move the long ropes with these seedlings and seedlings to the sea and install them horizontally in the sea using anchors and floats, or hang them from the sea bream, so that the small seaweed juveniles can withstand transplantation. Grow until you get the size you want. By this intermediate growing process, the temporary root of the seaweed seedling 32 is entangled with the surface of the rope 31, and a strong adhesion state is formed between the rope 31 and the seaweed seedling 32. The long rope 3 with seaweed seedlings obtained in this way is cut to a length close to the entire length of the groove 21 of the substrate 2, and is above (opening side) or side (circumferential surface side) with respect to the groove 21. Insert from. The rope 3 with seaweed seedlings is a seaweed breeding tool in which both are integrated by being fixed to the substrate 2 by an appropriate means at the time of insertion into the groove portion 21 or after insertion. In this intermediate breeding, the breeding is carried out until it becomes an appropriate size enough to withstand transplantation. The size varies depending on the type of seaweed, the construction time, the environment of the creation area, etc. In the case of the seaweed, for example, the length of the leaf-shaped part is generally preferably about 50 cm to 1 m. As the type of seaweed used in the present invention, seaweeds such as arame, kajime and kurome are preferred because they have high food value and can form large-scale seaweed beds called underwater forests. Among them, pickled arame is suitable for handling as in the present invention. Of course, it is not limited to seaweed seaweeds, but can be widely applied to other types of seaweeds depending on the purpose of seaweed development, such as when focusing on the role of seafood as a spawning place.

3 to 5 are other embodiments of the substrate used in the present invention. The same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. The substrate 4 shown in FIG. 3 has a configuration in which a plurality of protrusions 42 are provided in the vicinity of the opening of the groove 41 as fixing means for the rope 3 with seaweed seedling. The rope 3 with the seaweed seedling is prevented from being detached from the substrate 4 by these protrusions 42. In the substrate 5 shown in FIG. 4, the opening of the groove 51 narrows inward, and the width of the opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the rope 31, as is apparent from FIG. In this case, the rope 3 with seaweed seedlings is inserted from the side surface (circumferential surface) side of the substrate 5. In the substrate 6 shown in FIG. 5, the groove portion 61 is formed in a rectangular cross section, and the height and width thereof are substantially the same as the outer diameter of the rope 31. For this reason, after inserting the rope 3 with a seaweed seedling into the groove part 61, it is a structure pressed separately from the top end surface side by the fixing tool 62. The fixture 62 is made of an H-shaped metal plate. A through hole 63 is formed in the center, and an appropriate bolt 65 is inserted in a state of being overlapped with the bolt insertion hole 64 of the substrate 6. The substrate 6 and the like are fixed. It is also possible to form the through hole 63 at another position and use the through hole 63 only for fixing to the substrate 6.

6 and 7 are explanatory views of a method for creating a seaweed bed using the seaweed breeding tool according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the construction structure, and FIG. 7 shows a state after the seaweed breeding tool is attached. It is the shown perspective view. The construction structure 7 shown in the figure is a substantially triangular block body generally used for root fixation and covering, and a through hole 72 reaching the lower surface is formed at the center of the upper surface 71. Further, a nut member 73 is embedded in each corner of the upper surface in advance. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the seaweed breeding tool 1 is placed on each corner with the bolt insertion hole 22 of the substrate 2 and the axis of the nut member 73 of the building structure 7 aligned, and bolts (FIG. (Not shown) and fixed to the building structure 7.

And after installing the construction structure 7 to which the seaweed breeding tool 1 is attached on the seabed in the target area, when the seaweed seedlings 32 carried on the rope 31 mature, a myriad of zoospores are released around them, Adheres to the surface of nearby construction structures and stones. The seaweed that has grown and grown here releases zoospores as well. By repeating this, the growth range of seaweed gradually expands and a seaweed bed is formed. In this case, since the seaweed breeding tool 1 is fixed through the substrate 2, it can be applied in a stable mounting state to the building structure of various shapes as long as it has a few flat portions. .

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are perspective views when applied to other building structures having different shapes. In the building structure 8 shown in FIG. 8, three leg portions 82 protrude above and below the body portion 81 at each apex of the body portion 81 having a substantially triangular shape and a through hole formed in the center. The concrete structure having such a shape is used as, for example, a covering block to be installed on the shoulder portion of a foundation stone mound. Here, one seaweed breeding tool 1 is attached to the upper surface of each leg 82. The building structure 9 shown in FIG. 9 is a cubic lattice frame concrete structure called a so-called ordinary fish reef, and the seaweed breeding tool 1 is attached to each of the four corners of the upper surface.

In addition, although each said Example demonstrated what the shape of the board | substrate in a seaweed breeding tool was circular, of course, other shapes, such as a rectangular shape, may be sufficient, and the number of ropes with a seaweed seedling seedling in one seaweed breeding tool. Of course, various changes can be made within the technical idea of the present invention, such as the increase / decrease of the substrate, the change of the means for connecting the substrate and the structure for building and the shape of the building structure.

It is a perspective view which shows the state which the seaweed breeding tool which concerns on this invention isolate | separated. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the seaweed breeding tool shown in FIG. 1 integrated. It is a board | substrate used by the other Example of the seaweed breeding tool, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a board | substrate used by the other Example of the seaweed breeding tool, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a board | substrate used by the other Example of the seaweed breeding tool, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a perspective view of the structure for creation used with the seaweed bed creation method concerning the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the seaweed breeding tool to the structure for creation of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the seaweed breeding tool to the structure for other creation. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the seaweed breeding tool to the structure for other creation.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Seaweed breeding tool 2,4,5,6 ... Board | substrate 3 ... Rope with seaweed seedlings 7, 8, 9 ... Construction structure 21, 41, 51, 61 ... Groove part 22, 63, 64 ... Bolt insertion hole 31 ... Rope 32 ... Seaweed seedling 42 ... Protrusion 62 ... Fixing tool

Claims (3)

  A short rope carrying the seaweed seedling after intermediate growth, and a substrate having a groove portion on the surface that can be attached in a state where the rope is substantially coincident with the top end surface on the opening side and the seaweed seedling protrudes from the opening. A characteristic seaweed breeding tool. Seaweed breeding consisting of a short rope carrying the seaweed seedling after intermediate growth, and a substrate having a groove on the surface that can be attached in a state in which the rope is almost coincident with the top end surface on the opening side and the seaweed seedling projects from the opening The seaweed planting method is characterized in that the seaweed seedlings are attached to the horizontal surface of the construction structure so that the seaweed seedlings are on the front side, and the seaweed seedlings are propagated around the seaweed seedlings transplanted to the construction structure. . The seaweed seedling production method according to claim 2, wherein the seaweed seedling is a cypress.

Images