JP2011000693A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the productivity of a lathe, to extend the life, and to suppress the generation of noise when working.SOLUTION: Rotating tools 610, 620, 630 are fixed to a Y-axis slide table 37. The rotating tools 610, 620, 630 are movable in a Y direction relatively to a fixed built-in motor 54 by operating a Y-direction motor 35 and moving the Y-axis slide table 37 in the Y direction. Thus, the connection of a driving shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54 to the rotating tools 610, 620, 630 is switched, and only one selected from the rotating tools 610, 620, 630 is driven. A workpiece W is machined by operating an X-direction motor with optional one of rotating tools 610, 620, 630 driven.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lathe including a plurality of rotary tools.

A general lathe blade device has a function to process the outer diameter of a workpiece by sending the tool to the workpiece while the workpiece is rotated, and a workpiece while rotating the tool while the workpiece is fixed. And a function of cutting an arbitrary part of the workpiece by feeding. A lathe is widely used which has a fixed outer diameter tool and a rotary tool rotated by a motor in a comb shape on a tool post arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It has been.
For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a comb blade device including a plurality of rotary tools, outer diameter tools, and the like in a comb shape on both sides of a work attached to a main shaft.

  The lathe rotary tool device disclosed in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

The rotary tool device 65 includes a plurality of rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 and a motor 56 that drives them.
Gears 617, 627, and 637 are integrally fixed to the end portions on the motor 56 side of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, and 631, of the plurality of rotary tools 610, 620, and 630, respectively. Specifically, the gears 617, 627, and 637 are integrally fixed by the gear holders 618, 628, and 638 and the fixing bolts 619, 629, and 639, the gear 617 meshes with the gear 627, and the gear 627 meshes with the gear 637. Thus, it is disposed in the gear case 55.

As shown in FIG. 14, a motor 56 and an intermediate rotating shaft 640 are provided for operating these rotary tools 610, 620, and 630.
A gear 547 is fixed to the end of the drive shaft 540 of the motor 56 with a nut 549. The intermediate rotation shaft 640 is disposed in the gear case 55 so as to be rotatable via bearings 64a and 64b. A gear 647 is integrally fixed to an end of the intermediate rotation shaft 640 by a gear presser 648 and a fixing bolt 649. The gear 647 meshes with the gear 547 and the gear 617.

  With such a configuration, the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 are configured such that when the motor 56 operates, the gear 547 rotates via the drive shaft 540, and when the gear 547 rotates, the gear 647 of the intermediate rotary shaft 640 meshes with the gear 547. When the gear 647 rotates, the gear 617 of the rotary tool drive shaft 611 that meshes with the gear 647 rotates. Further, when the gear 617 rotates, the gear 627 and the gear 637 rotate, and the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 rotate. That is, all the gears rotate, and all the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 rotate.

  In the cutting operation, the operator operates a Y-direction motor (not shown) in a state where the motor 56 is operating and the rotary tools 610, 620, 630 are rotating, and the rotary tool device 65 is Move in the direction. When a desired rotary tool is positioned on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W, an X-direction motor (not shown) is operated to move the rotary tool device 65 in the X direction in the drawing to cut the workpiece W.

JP-A-8-39303 JP 2005-88142 A

Due to the structure as described above, loss of rotational torque occurs due to contact and friction between gears during motor operation, and the power transmitted to the rotary tool is reduced, resulting in a slower rotational speed of the rotary tool. It was.
Further, each time the number of rotating tools is increased, the power per rotating tool is reduced, so there is a limit to the number of rotating tools that can be mounted on the apparatus or the number of rotating tools that can be used simultaneously. For this reason, processing time became long and productivity was bad.
Furthermore, since the rotating tool in an unworked state is also connected to the gear train, it rotates according to the operation of the motor. For this reason, the bearing which rotatably supports each of the plurality of rotary tools has a short life in actual machining due to a long rotation time.
Furthermore, noise was generated due to contact and friction between a plurality of gears.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the productivity of a lathe, extend the life of the lathe, and suppress the generation of noise during operation.

In order to achieve the above object, a lathe according to the present invention comprises:
A plurality of rotary tools arranged in a comb shape in parallel with the tool support, and rotatably supported;
A first motor;
An index part for indexing any one of the rotary tools from the tool support part at a position engaging with an end of a drive shaft of the first motor;
The first motor rotationally drives one of the rotary tools indexed by the indexing unit;
It is characterized by that.

  Further, the indexing unit includes a second motor, and the second motor is operated to operate on the straight line connecting the end of the rotary tool and the end of the drive shaft of the first motor. In addition, the tool support portion may be slid so that any one of the rotary tools is engaged with the end of the drive shaft of the first motor.

A sliding member provided on a surface of the first motor facing the tool support portion so as to be slidable in a direction toward the tool support portion;
A plurality of fitting members fitted or separated on the surface of the tool support portion facing the first motor according to the sliding position of the sliding member;
Each of the plurality of fitting members is opposed to the sliding member at a position where an end of the drive shaft of the first motor and an end of the plurality of rotary tools are engaged with each other. Arranged,
When the sliding member and the fitting member are fitted, the driving shaft of the first motor and the shaft of the rotary tool can be integrally moved in a connected state,
The rotary tool may slide relative to the drive shaft of the first motor by separating the sliding member and the fitting member.

A sliding member provided on a surface of the tool support portion facing the first motor so as to be slidable in a direction toward the first motor;
A plurality of fitting members that are fitted or separated on a surface of the first motor that faces the tool support portion according to a sliding position of the sliding member;
Each of the plurality of fitting members is opposed to the sliding member at a position where an end of the drive shaft of the first motor and an end of the plurality of rotary tools are engaged with each other. Arranged,
When the sliding member and the fitting member are fitted, the driving shaft of the first motor and the shaft of the rotary tool can be integrally moved in a connected state,
The rotary tool may slide relative to the drive shaft of the first motor by separating the sliding member and the fitting member.

A cylinder having an opening opened in a direction toward the fitting member;
A fluid compression device for feeding a compressed fluid into the cylinder;
Further comprising
A part of the sliding member is disposed in the cylinder, the other part is disposed so as to protrude from the opening in the cylinder, and is slidable by the compressed fluid fed from the fluid compression device. The fitting member may be fitted or separated according to the sliding position.

Further, the index part has a groove in a direction facing the tool support part,
The plurality of rotating tools may be guided on a straight line passing through the end of the drive shaft of the first motor by the groove.

  The first motor is preferably a built-in motor.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the productivity of a lathe, to extend the life, and to suppress the generation of noise during work.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the upper surface of the lathe which concerns on 1st Embodiment (a part is shown by a cross section). It is a front view of a lathe. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line LL in FIG. 2 showing a side surface of a lathe. It is a horizontal sectional view of the rotary tool device concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a vertical sectional view of a rotary tool device. (A) is the MM cross section arrow view of FIG. 5 which shows a guide. (B) is a horizontal sectional view of the sliding part of a guide and a rotary tool. It is a vertical sectional view of the rotary tool device according to the first embodiment. It is a horizontal sectional view of a rotary tool device concerning a 2nd embodiment. (A) is a NN cross-sectional arrow view of FIG. 8 which shows the fitting part of a piston and a recessed part material. (B) is a MM cross-sectional arrow view of FIG. (A) is a top sectional view showing a separated state between the built-in motor and the Y-axis slide base, and (b) is a top sectional view showing a connection state between the built-in motor and the Y-axis slide base. It is a vertical sectional view of the rotary tool device according to the second embodiment. It is a typical front view explaining the machining state of the rotary tool configured to be movable in the Y direction. It is a front view which partially shows the structure of the conventional rotary tool apparatus in a cross section. It is a top view which partially shows the structure of the conventional rotary tool apparatus in a cross section.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<First Embodiment>
An overall configuration of a lathe according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The lathe is mainly composed of a bed 10, a main shaft 21 that gives a rotating rotational motion to the workpiece W, and a tool table 80 that includes various tools.

As shown in FIG. 3, support portions 11 and 12 including bearings 13 and 14 are erected on the bed 10. A ball screw 15 is rotatably supported by bearings 13 and 14 provided in the support portions 11 and 12. The nut 16 is supported by the ball screw 15 so as to be slidable in the Z direction. A movable table 20 is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the nut 16. Further, a Z-direction motor 17 that rotationally drives the ball screw 15 is fixed to the side surface of the support portion 11. Two sliders 19a and 19b are fixed to the lower surface of both ends in the X-axis direction of the moving base 20 in the Z direction. Furthermore, rails 18a and 18b are carried on the upper surfaces of both ends in the X direction of the support portions 11 and 12 with the Z direction as the longitudinal direction. The sliders 19a and 19b are supported by the rails 18a and 18b so as to be slidable in the Z direction.
A headstock motor 22 is placed on the moving table 20. The spindle 21 is incorporated in the spindle motor 22 so as to be parallel to the Z direction, and is driven to rotate.

  By operating the Z direction motor 17, the ball screw 15 rotates, and the moving base 20 moves in the direction approaching / separating from the tool base 80 described later (Z direction in the figure) via the nut 16. That is, the Z direction motor 17, the ball screw 15, the nut 16, and the moving table 20 constitute a spindle moving unit that moves the workpiece W in the Z direction.

  Further, the support frame 30 is erected on the bed 10 so as to face the workpiece W. Further, the tool table 80 is supported by the support frame 30 through the X-axis slide table 50 so as to be able to reciprocate in the X-axis direction.

  A flange 30a is fixed to the center of the support frame 30 facing the workpiece W, and a guide bush 30b for supporting the workpiece W is attached to the inner surface of the flange 30a.

On the −X side support frame 30 shown in FIG. 2 rather than the position of the main shaft 21 (the position of the guide bush 30b shown in FIG. 2), guide rails 40a and 40b for guiding an X-axis slide base 50 described later are provided. It extends in the X-axis direction, protrudes in the + Z direction, and is formed one by one up and down. Further, similarly on the + X side of the position of the main shaft 21, guide rails 40 c and 40 d extend in the X-axis direction, protrude in the + Z direction, and are formed one above the other.
The support frame 30 includes a ball screw 43, a bearing 41, and a nut 47 for sliding an X-axis slide base 50 described later. The ball screw 43 is rotatably supported by the bearing 41 and is disposed on the support frame 30 with its longitudinal direction parallel to the X-axis direction. The nut 47 is supported by the ball screw 43 so as to be slidable in the X direction. An X-axis slide base 50 is integrally fixed to the nut 47. An X-direction motor 45 that rotationally drives the ball screw 43 is fixed to the end portion of the support frame 30 on the −X side (left side with respect to the center of the main shaft 21).

  The X-axis slide base 50 is formed in a substantially box shape, and is disposed with the open side facing the main shaft side. Further, an opening 506 for preventing interference with the main shaft 21 is formed at the center of the X-axis slide base 50. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an X-axis slider 50 a is provided on the surface (−Z side surface) of the X-axis slide table 50 that faces the upper and lower guide rails 40 a, 40 b, 40 c, 40 d of the support frame 30. , 50b, 50c, 50d, one set in the vertical direction and one set in the horizontal direction across the guide bush 30b. The X-axis sliders 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d are supported by the guide rails 40a, 40b, 40c, and 40d so as to be slidable in the X direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the Y-axis slide base 37 is guided on the surface (+ Z side face) of the X-axis slide base 50 facing the Y-axis slide base 37 described later, and the open side is the Y-axis slide base 37. A U-shaped guide rail 58 facing upward is formed. The guide rail 58 extends in the Y-axis direction, protrudes in the + Z direction, and is formed at two locations facing the side edge 372 of the Y-axis slide base 37.

  When the X-direction motor 45 is operated, the ball screw 43 rotates, and the X-axis slide base 50 approaches / separates the workpiece W supported by the guide bush 30b via the nut 47 (X direction in the figure). Move along the guide rails 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d. That is, the X-direction motor 45, the ball screw 43, the nut 47, and the X-axis slide base 50 are used to convert the Y-axis slide base (indexing portion) 37 including rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 and an outer diameter tool 66 described later in the X direction. The moving means for moving to is configured.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a tool base 80 that allows the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 and the outer diameter tool 66 to slide in the Y direction is fixed to the upper part of the X-axis slide base 50.
The tool base 80 mainly includes a housing-like frame 36, a Y-direction motor (second motor) 35 fixed to the upper portion of the frame 36, a ball screw 33, and a Y-axis slide base 37. .
Inside the frame 36, bearings 31a and 31b are fitted vertically in the vertical direction. The ball screw 33 is rotatably supported by the bearings 31a and 31b, and is disposed on the frame 36 with its longitudinal direction parallel to the Y-axis direction. The nut 34 is supported by the ball screw 33 so as to be slidable in the Y direction. A Y-axis slide base 37 is integrally fixed to the nut 34. A Y-direction motor 35 that rotationally drives the ball screw 33 is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 36.
The Y-axis slide base 37 is formed in a plate shape, and as shown in FIG. 1, has a U-shape in a top view with the side facing the X-axis slide base 50 opened. Further, an opening 376 for preventing interference with the main shaft 21 is formed at the center of the Y-axis slide base 37. A side edge 372 corresponding to the U-shaped projecting portion is slidably supported by a guide rail 58 formed on the X-axis slide base 50.

  By operating the Y-direction motor 35, the ball screw 33 rotates and the Y-axis slide base 37 moves in the Y direction via the nut 34. That is, the Y-direction motor 35, the ball screw 33, the nut 34, and the Y-axis slide base 37 constitute moving means for moving the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 and the outer diameter tool 66 described later in the Y direction.

Next, the configuration of the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 will be described with reference to FIGS. On the surface of the Y-axis slide base 37 on the + Z side, a rotary tool base (tool support portion) 64 including rotary tools 610, 620, and 630, and an outer diameter tool 66 are fixed below the rotary tool base 64. .
On the rotary tool base 64, rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 are arranged in a comb shape in the Y direction with the longitudinal direction facing the X direction. Both ends of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 are rotatably supported by the rotary tool base 64 via bearings 61a, 61b, bearings 62a, 62b, and bearings 63a, 63b. Ends 612, 622, and 632 of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, and 631, which are opposed to a built-in motor (first motor) 54, which will be described later, have their outer circumferences cut so that surfaces parallel to each other are formed. The planes parallel to each other are formed to have a predetermined two-plane width. Rotating tools 610, 620, and 630 are fixed to the other ends of the rotating tool drive shafts 611, 621, and 631, respectively. The rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 are tools that process the workpiece W by rotating themselves such as a drill, a tap, and a milling cutter.

In addition, a built-in motor 54 that drives the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 is fixed to the + Z side surface of the X-axis slide base 50 via an extending portion 543.
The built-in motor 54 includes a housing 542 and bearings 544 and 545 fixed in the housing 542, and a drive shaft 540 supported by the bearings 544 and 545 is inserted through the center. As shown in FIG. 6A, a slot-like fitting groove 546 is formed on the end surface of the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54 facing the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631. The built-in motor 54 is fixed to the X-axis slide base 50 so that the processing position of the workpiece W is positioned on the extension line of the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54.

  Further, a guide (index part) 59 is fixed by a bolt 592 on the surface of the housing 542 of the built-in motor 54 that faces the Y-axis slide base 37. The guide 59 is formed with a concave groove 590 that opens in the + X direction in a horizontal section, and extends in the Y direction so as to straddle the end surface of the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54. The guide 59 guides the end portions 612, 622, 632 of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 to the fitting groove 546 of the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54. One of the end portions 612, 622, 632 of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 is fitted into the fitting groove 546, so that any one of the rotary tool drive shafts 611, 621, 631 is driven by the built-in motor 54. It will be rotationally driven.

  Next, the operation of the rotary tool device 61 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, what is indicated by a two-dot chain line is a contour line indicating a movement range in the Y direction of the Y-axis slide base 37. When the Y-direction motor 35 is operated and the Y-axis slide base 37 is moved up and down via the nut 34, the tool positioned on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W is switched. Of the rotary tools 610, 620, 630 and the outer diameter tool 66, a desired tool is positioned on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W, the Y-direction motor 35 is stopped, and a tool for machining the workpiece W is determined.

  When the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is machined by the outer diameter tool 66, the headstock motor 22 is operated, the spindle 21 is rotated, the Y direction motor 35 is operated, and the outer diameter is set on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W. The Y-axis slide base 37 is moved so that the tool 66 is positioned. Next, the X-direction motor 45 is operated to move the X-axis slide base 50 toward the workpiece W. The outer diameter tool 66 fixed to the X-axis slide table 50 via the Y-axis slide table 37 approaches the workpiece W so as to process the outer diameter of the workpiece W.

  Next, processing of the workpiece W using the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 will be described.

  First, when the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 are switched, the built-in motor 54 is operated to control the rotation phase of the built-in motor 54. In this way, the slot-like fitting groove 546 provided at the end of the drive shaft 540 is brought into a state parallel to the Y axis (that is, the state shown in FIG. 6A). By doing so, the end portions 612, 622, 632 of the rotary tools 610, 620, 630 formed to have a predetermined two-sided width on the outer periphery can enter the fitting groove 546 and pass therethrough. .

Next, the Y-direction motor 35 is operated, the Y-axis slide base 37 is moved, and the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630 are switched. Here, FIG. 7 shows a state in which the rotary tool 620 is selected from the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630. When the rotary tool 620 is positioned on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W, the Y direction motor 35 is stopped. At this time, since the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54 is disposed on the horizontal plane of the workpiece W, the rotary tool 620 is also positioned coaxially with the drive shaft 540. The end 622 of the rotary tool 620 is fitted into the fitting groove 546 formed at the end of the drive shaft 540, and the rotational power of the built-in motor 54 is transmitted to the rotary tool 620. Next, the rotation phase of the spindle head motor 22 is controlled, and the X-direction motor 45 is operated in a state where the spindle 21 is fixed at a desired rotation angle to move the X-axis slide base 50 toward the workpiece W. . When the X-axis slide base 50 moves, the rotary tool 620 is brought into contact with the workpiece W via the tool base 80 fixed to the X-axis slide base 50 and the Y-axis slide base 37 supported by the tool base 80. The workpiece W is processed linearly.
As described above, the lathe according to the present embodiment can rotationally drive only a desired one of the plurality of rotary tools 610, 620, and 630, so that the rotary tool in an unworked state can be rotationally driven. In addition, loss of rotational torque and rotational speed due to contact and friction between gears can be prevented.

<Second Embodiment>
The lathe according to the second embodiment of the present invention is capable of machining any position of the workpiece W in the Y direction with a rotary tool.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, recess materials (fitting members) 941, 942, 943 are arranged in the Y direction on the surface of the Y-axis slide base 37 facing the built-in motor 54, and − It protrudes in the X direction. The concave members 941, 942, and 943 have a concave groove formed at the center of the surface facing the built-in motor 54.
A substantially cylindrical cylinder 90 is provided on the surface of the extension portion 543 of the built-in motor 54 facing the Y-axis slide base 37 so as to protrude in the + X direction. A disc-shaped cylinder lid 92 having an opening at the center is fixed to the end surface of the cylinder 90. The piston (sliding member) 93 includes a columnar small-diameter portion 932 and a disk-shaped large-diameter portion 930 formed at the longitudinal center of the small-diameter portion 932. The large-diameter portion 930 of the piston 93 is slidably positioned between the cylinder 90 and the cylinder lid 92, and one of the small-diameter portions 932 protrudes outward from the cylinder 90 through the opening of the cylinder lid 92. ing.

  In FIG. 9 (a), the rotary tools 610, 620, 630 and the drive shaft 540 are positioned in the + Z direction, and thus cannot be seen on this section, but the distance relationship with other members is clarified. Therefore, these are projected on the XY plane and indicated by a two-dot chain line. When the rotary tool 610 is positioned coaxially with the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54, the recessed member 941 is fixed to the Y-axis slide base 37 so as to face the piston 93. Furthermore, the center distance S1 between the rotary tool 610 and the rotary tool 620 is equal to the center distance S3 between the concave member 941 and the concave member 942, the center distance S2 between the rotary tool 620 and the rotary tool 630, and the concave member. The recess members 942 and 943 are disposed so that the center-to-center distance S4 between the 942 and the recess member 943 is equal.

  Further, the inside of the cylinder 90 is divided into a first chamber 920 on the recessed member 941 side and a second chamber 922 on the built-in motor 54 side by a large diameter portion 930 of the piston 93. As shown in FIG. 9B, the first chamber 920 and the second chamber 922 are connected to the first tube 910 and the second tube 912, respectively, and are connected to the compressor (fluid compression device) 96 via the valve 98. ing.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9B, the guide rail 72 extends in parallel with the Y direction on the side surface of the guide rail 58 of the X-axis slide base 50 facing the built-in motor 54 and extends in parallel to the Y direction. It is fixed. In addition, a concave guide 70 b that is open in the + X direction in the horizontal cross section is fixed to the surface of the extension portion 543 of the built-in motor 54 that faces the guide rail 72 by a bolt 700. Even when the built-in motor 54 and the Y-axis slide base 37 are integrally operated in the Y direction by fitting the piston 93 and any one of the concave members 941, 942, 943, the guide Since 70b is supported by the guide rail 72, loads in the X direction and the Z direction are absorbed, and the built-in motor 54 is maintained in a stable posture.

  Next, the fitting operation between the piston 93 and the concave member 941 will be described with reference to FIG. When compressed air is sent from the compressor 96 to the first chamber 920 via the valve 98 and the first tube 910, the piston 93 is moved to the built-in motor 54 side by being pressed by the compressed air, as shown in FIG. As shown, it is in a state where it is not fitted into the recess 941. In this state, the built-in motor 54 and the Y-axis slide 37 and the rotary tool base 64 fixed to the Y-axis slide 37 can be operated relatively, and the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54 and the rotary tools 610, 620, and 630. The connection with one of these can be changed. That is, the same operation as that shown in FIG. 7 is performed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a plate-like stay 500 is fixed to the X-axis slide base 50 (see FIG. 2) so as to protrude in the + Z direction. A female screw is formed in the stay 500 in the Y direction, and a stopper bolt 502 is screwed together. Further, the amount of protrusion in the Y direction is adjusted by a nut 504, and the stopper bolt 502 comes into contact with the lower surface of the housing 542 of the built-in motor 54. Thus, the position where the built-in motor 54 abuts against the stopper bolt 502 defines the position at which the separation / fitting operation between the piston 93 and the recess members 941, 942, 943 shown in FIG. That is, the separation / fitting operation between the recessed members 941, 942, 943 and the piston 93 is performed at a position where the lower surface of the housing 542 where the built-in motor 54 is maintained in a stable state contacts the stopper bolt 502.

  On the other hand, when compressed air is sent from the compressor 96 to the second chamber 922 via the valve 98 and the second tube 912, the piston 93 moves to the concave member 941 side by being pressed by the compressed air. ) As shown in FIG. 5, the concave member 941 is fitted. In this state, the built-in motor 54, the Y-axis slide base 37, and the rotary tool base 64 fixed to the Y-axis slide base 37 can operate integrally, and the rotary tool 610 is connected to the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54. Maintained.

  Here, in FIG. 10, the concave member 941 has been described for the sake of easy understanding. However, by operating the other concave members 942 and 943 in the same manner, the connection state of the rotary tools 620 and 630 is similarly changed. It can be moved in the Y direction while being maintained.

  Next, the operation of the rotary tool device 61 in a state where the piston 93 is fitted to the concave member 941 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. In FIG. 11, what is indicated by a two-dot chain line is a contour line indicating the movement range in the Y direction of the Y-axis slide base 37 and the built-in motor 54.

  When the Y-direction motor 35 is operated and the Y-axis slide base 37 is moved in the vertical direction via the nut 34, the built-in motor 54 also operates in the vertical direction integrally with the Y-axis slide base 37. As shown in the enlarged view in FIG. 12, the rotary tool 610 is maintained in a state of being connected to the drive shaft 540 of the built-in motor 54, so that it is processed at an arbitrary position in the Y direction with respect to the workpiece W. can do. For example, the workpiece W can be machined at a position different from the center line of the main shaft 21 such as drilling or cutting into a D shape.

  The lathe according to the above embodiment is mainly used for an NC automatic lathe. The above operation is numerically controlled by the NC device, and the machining program functions according to an instruction input by the user and is automatically performed.

  Since the lathe according to the above embodiment rotates only a desired rotary tool, the power of the built-in motor can be used effectively. For this reason, processing time is shortened and productivity is improved.

  Further, the required power of the motor that drives the rotary tool does not depend on the number of rotary tools. For this reason, more rotating tools can be provided in the apparatus.

  Since a gear train for operating a plurality of rotary tools is not used, a quiet operation is possible, and each rotary tool can be rotated at high speed. This also shortens the processing time and improves productivity.

  Since only the rotary tool necessary for machining can be selectively rotated to prevent unnecessary rotation of the other rotary tool, the life of the bearing supporting the other rotary tool is extended. As a result, the service life of the entire rotary tool is increased.

  Further, by using a built-in motor as the motor for driving the rotary tool, the structure can be made compact with a simple structure.

  Moreover, you may make it attach various tools, such as not only the illustrated drill, a tap, and a mill, but an end mill to a rotary tool.

  Further, the compressed air from the compressor can be switched between a state in which the piston and the recessed member are fitted and released, that is, a state in which the built-in motor and the rotary tool are moved integrally and a state in which the rotary tool is changed. Because it is possible, operability is good.

Further, in the second embodiment, the number of the recessed members has been described as three. However, it is sufficient to provide only the number corresponding to the number of the rotary tools, and more may be provided.
Even if a plurality of rotary tools are provided, there is only one rotary tool driven by the built-in motor, so there is no loss of power and the operation can be performed with a low noise.

  Further, the shape of the groove formed in the concave member is not limited to that shown in the figure, and may be a taper shape or an arc shape. Further, the grooves formed in the recess material and the projections corresponding to the grooves may be reversed.

  In the above embodiment, the X-direction motor is attached to the left side with respect to the center of the main shaft. However, the present invention is not limited to this and may be attached to the right side.

  The entire part including the tool or the like attached to the support frame 30 may be attached at an arbitrary angle with respect to the center of the main axis. For example, the rotary tool may be attached so as to reciprocate at an arbitrary angle with respect to the spindle center. In this way, the workpiece can be machined at an arbitrary angle.

  A lathe may be provided in which a plurality of X-axis slide bases and Y-axis slide bases are provided on the left and right sides of the center of the spindle, and each operates independently.

  In the above embodiment, the description has been given on the assumption that the Y-axis slide base is provided with the recess material and the built-in motor is provided with the cylinder and the piston. However, the Y-axis slide base is provided with the cylinder and piston, and the built-in motor is provided with the recess material. May be installed.

  In the said embodiment, although the 1st motor which drives a rotary tool was made into the built-in motor, it is not limited to this.

  In the second embodiment, the piston is slid by the pressure of the compressed air from the compressor. However, the piston may be slid by the oil pressure from the pump.

10: Bed 21: Spindle 30: Support frame 35: Y direction motor (second motor)
37: Y-axis slide base (index part)
45: X-direction motor 50: X-axis slide base 54: Built-in motor (first motor)
540: Drive shaft 59: Guide (index part)
61: Rotating tool device 610, 620, 630: Rotating tool 611, 621, 631: Rotating tool drive shaft 64: Rotating tool table (tool support)
80: Tool stand 90: Cylinder 910: First tube 912: Second tube 920: First chamber 922: Second chamber 93: Piston (sliding member)
941, 942, 943: Recess material (fitting member)
96: Compressor (fluid compression device)
W: Work

Claims (7)

A plurality of rotary tools arranged in a comb shape in parallel with the tool support, and rotatably supported;
A first motor;
An index part for indexing any one of the rotary tools from the tool support part at a position engaging with an end of a drive shaft of the first motor;
The first motor rotationally drives one of the rotary tools indexed by the indexing unit;
A lathe characterized by that. The indexing unit includes a second motor, and by operating the second motor, a straight line connecting the end of the rotary tool and the end of the drive shaft of the first motor, Sliding the tool support and engaging any one of the rotating tools with the end of the drive shaft of the first motor;
The lathe according to claim 1. A sliding member provided on a surface of the first motor that faces the tool support portion so as to be slidable in a direction toward the tool support portion;
A plurality of fitting members fitted or separated on the surface of the tool support portion facing the first motor according to the sliding position of the sliding member;
Each of the plurality of fitting members is opposed to the sliding member at a position where an end of the drive shaft of the first motor and an end of the plurality of rotary tools are engaged with each other. Arranged,
When the sliding member and the fitting member are fitted, the driving shaft of the first motor and the shaft of the rotary tool can be integrally moved in a connected state,
The rotary tool slides relative to the drive shaft of the first motor by separating the sliding member and the fitting member.
The lathe according to claim 2. A sliding member provided on a surface of the tool support portion facing the first motor so as to be slidable in a direction toward the first motor;
A plurality of fitting members that are fitted or separated on a surface of the first motor that faces the tool support portion according to a sliding position of the sliding member;
Each of the plurality of fitting members is opposed to the sliding member at a position where an end of the drive shaft of the first motor and an end of the plurality of rotary tools are engaged with each other. Arranged,
When the sliding member and the fitting member are fitted, the driving shaft of the first motor and the shaft of the rotary tool can be integrally moved in a connected state,
The rotary tool slides relative to the drive shaft of the first motor by separating the sliding member and the fitting member.
The lathe according to claim 2. A cylinder having an opening opened in a direction toward the fitting member;
A fluid compression device for feeding a compressed fluid into the cylinder;
Further comprising
A part of the sliding member is disposed in the cylinder, the other part is disposed so as to protrude from the opening in the cylinder, and is slidable by the compressed fluid fed from the fluid compression device. , Fitted or separated from the fitting member according to the sliding position,
The lathe according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that. The index part has a groove in a direction facing the tool support part,
The plurality of rotating tools are guided by a groove on a straight line passing through an end of the drive shaft of the first motor.
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that.   The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first motor is a built-in motor.

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