JP2010534625A - Ternary active compound combination - Google Patents

Abstract

  The present invention relates to (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and (B) imidacloprid and (C) an insecticide or fungicide active compound In particular within the scope of fungicide or insecticide compositions. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the combination according to the invention for the treatment of plant propagation in a method of curatively or preventively controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops. And, more particularly, to treated seeds.

Description

  The present invention relates to (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide (generic name Isotianil, Cas number 224049-04-1) and (B) imidacloprid ( imidacloprid) and (C) a combination of active compounds, in particular within the scope of fungicides or insecticide compositions, comprising an insecticide or fungicide active compound. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for curatively or preventively controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops, use of the combination according to the invention for the treatment of plant propagation, protection of seeds The method, and more particularly, the treated seed.

  (A) It is already known that 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide has fungicidal and insecticidal properties. Furthermore, it has also been found that isothiazole carboxylic acid derivatives are very suitable for protecting plants against attack by undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms (US Pat. No. 5,240,951 and in particular). (Kaihei 6-009313). The compounds (A) according to the invention are suitable for mobilizing the plant's defense against unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and attack by microorganisms and also as microbicides for directly controlling phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms. . Furthermore, the compound (A) is also active against pests that damage plants (WO 99/24414).

  Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and its preparation are disclosed in WO 99/24414. The activity of this compound is good. However, at low application rates it is sometimes insufficient.

Compound (B) is imidacloprid, an insecticide active compound described in EP-A-0192060. Compound (C) includes ethiprole (known from DE-A 196541717), fipronil (known from EP-A 00029117), thiacloprid (European patent application). Known from publication 0235725), spinosad (known from EP 0375316), thifluzamide (known from EP 0371950). Tweets), (S)-3-chloro ^-N 1 - {2-methyl-4- [1,2,2,2-tetrafluorobenzoic-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl] phenyl} ^-N 2 - ( 1-methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl) lid Luamide (known from EP 1006107) and N- [2- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) phenyl] -5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4- Selected from the group of fungicides and insecticides active compounds consisting of carboxy-amide (known from WO 03/010149).

  A binary combination between compound (B) and one of compound (C) is described in the following references (WO 2005/122796; EP-A-0871362, WO 2005/036966, International Publication No. 1999/060857; International Publication No. 2007/101542; International Publication No. 2006/114212). It is also known that the combination of isotianil with neonicotinoids is suitable for controlling phytopathogenic fungi (WO 2005/009131).

US Pat. No. 5,240,951 JP-A-6-009313 International Publication No. 99/24414 European Patent Application No. 092060 DE-A 19653417 European Patent Application Publication No. 00029117 European Patent Application No. 0235725 European Patent Application No. 0375316 European Patent Application No. 0371950 European Patent Application No. 1006107 International Publication No. 03/010149 International Publication No. 2005/122796 European Patent Application No. 0817362 International Publication No. 2005/036966 International Publication No. 1999/060857 International Publication No. 2007/101542 International Publication No. 2006/114212 International Publication No. 2005/009131

  In addition, the environmental and economic requirements imposed on modern fungicides and insecticides are constantly increasing, for example regarding the range of action, toxicity, selectivity, application rate, residue formation and advantageous preparation capacity. So, in addition, there can be problems with resistance spreading to known active compounds, for example, so that the unchanging task has new advantages that have advantages over at least their known counterparts in some areas. To develop new fungicides and insecticides.

  The invention provides, in some embodiments, active compound combinations / compositions that achieve the stated goals anyway.

  Surprisingly, the combination according to the invention not only provides additive promotion for the area of action associated with phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests to be controlled, but also in two ways. It has now been found that a synergistic effect is achieved that broadens the range of action of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C). First, the application rates of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) are reduced while the effects remain comparable and good. Second, even in such a low application area, the combination still achieves a high degree of phytopathogen control even when the three individual compounds are completely ineffective. For this reason, on the one hand, it is possible to substantially widen the range of plant pathogens that can be controlled and on the other hand to increase the safety in use.

  However, besides the actual synergy with respect to activity as fungicides and pesticides, the agrochemical combination according to the invention has a further surprising and advantageous property that can be described in a broader sense as synergistic activity. Examples of such advantageous properties that can be enumerated are: expansion of the active range as fungicides and insecticides to other phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests, for example to resistant strains; Reduction of the active ingredient application rate; sufficient pest control with the aid of the composition according to the invention, even at low application rates at which the individual compounds are completely ineffective; Favorable behavior in sieving, emulsification, dissolution or fractionation; improved storage stability; improved stability to light; more advantageous degradability; improved toxicological or ecotoxicological behavior; useful plants Improved characteristics (emergence, harvest yield, more developed subterranean line, increased tillering force, increased plant height, larger leaf width, fewer dead rooted leaves, stronger stocking, Includes green leaf color, less fertilizer requirement, less seed requirement, more productive stocking, faster flowering, faster grain maturity, less plant lodging, increased shoot growth, improved plant vitality and early germination ); Or other advantages familiar to those skilled in the art.

  The combinations according to the invention can also provide a systemity that is compatible with the active compound used. Indeed, even if some of the fungicide compounds used do not have any or sufficient systemic properties, these compounds can exhibit such properties in the compositions according to the invention.

  In a similar manner, the combination according to the invention can allow a sustained increase in the fungicide efficacy of the active compounds used.

  Furthermore, the simultaneous application of the compound (A), the compound (B) and the compound (C) may be a single compound (A), a compound (B) and a compound (C) alone, It has been found to fight phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests more efficiently than the aforementioned binary mixtures (WO 05/009131).

  Another advantage of the combination according to the invention depends on the fact that an increased potency can be achieved.

Therefore, the present invention
(A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and (B) imidacloprid and (C) etiprol, fipronil, thiacloprid, spinosad, tifluzamide, (S) -3-chloro -N ¹ - {2-methyl-4- [1,2,2,2-tetrafluorobenzoic-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl] phenyl} ^-N 2 - (1-methyl-2-methylsulfonyl-ethyl) phthalamide, Selected from the group of fungicides and insecticides active compounds consisting of N- [2- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) phenyl] -5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide A combination comprising one additional active compound is provided.

  For compound (B) and most of the compounds of group (C), we refer to The Pesticide Manual, 13th edition, 2003. Compound (C) is listed by its generic name. If no generic name is available on the priority date of this application, compound (C) is listed by IUPAC-name.

Preferred combinations are listed below:
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and Compound (B) imidacloprid and Compound (C) Ethiprole,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and Compound (B) imidacloprid and Compound (C) fipronil,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and Compound (B) imidacloprid and Compound (C) thiacloprid,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and compound (B) imidacloprid and compound (C) spinosad,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and compound (B) imidacloprid and compound (C) tifluzamide,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and Compound (B) imidacloprid and Compound (C) (S) -3-chloro-N ^1- {2- methyl-4- [1,2,2,2-tetrafluorobenzoic-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl] phenyl} ^-N 2 - (1-methyl-2-methylsulfonyl-ethyl) phthalamide,
Compound (A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and Compound (B) imidacloprid and Compound (C) N- [2- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) phenyl ] -5-Fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

  The weight ratio of the active ingredient compounds is selected to provide the desired, eg synergistic, action. In general, the weight ratio will vary depending on the particular active compound. In general, the weight ratio between any two compounds is independently of each other 100: 1 to 1: 100, preferably 75: 1 to 1:75, more preferably 50: 1 to 1:50, and most preferably 25. : 1 to 1:25. Further weight ratios between any two compounds that are given preference in increasing order and can be used according to the invention are 250: 1 to 1: 250, 200: 1 to 1: 200, 150, independently of each other. : 1 to 1: 150.

  Further weight ratios between any two compounds, which are given priority in increasing order and can be used according to the invention, are independent of each other from 90: 1 to 1:90, 80: 1 to 1:80, 70. : 1 to 1:70, 60: 1 to 1:60, 40: 1 to 1:40, 30: 1 to 1:30, 10: 1 to 1:10, 5: 1 to 1: 5, 4: 1 To 1: 4, 3: 1 to 1: 3.

  Where compound (A), compound (B), and compound (C) can exist in tautomeric forms, such compounds are applicable in the specification above and below as well. In such cases, it is understood that the corresponding tautomeric forms are also included, even if not specifically mentioned in each case.

Compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) having at least one basic center are, for example, strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids such as perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid or hydrogen halides Acid addition salts with acids, etc .; strong organic carboxylic acids, such as unsubstituted or substituted, eg halo-substituted C ₁ -C ₄ alkane carboxylic acids, eg acetic acid, saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, eg oxalic acid Acid addition salts with malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and phthalic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid or benzoic acid; or organic sulfonic acids such as non- substituted or substituted, for example halo-substituted C ₁ -C ₄ alkane - or aryl - sulphonic acid, e.g. Tan - or p- toluenesulfonic - it is possible to form acid addition salts with sulfonic acids. Compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) having at least one acid group are, for example, salts with bases, such as metal salts, such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, such as sodium, potassium or magnesium salts. Or a salt with ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, mono-, di- or tri-lower alkyl amines such as ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethyl-propyl-amine, or It is possible to form salts with mono-, di- or tri-hydroxy-lower alkylamines such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. Furthermore, corresponding internal salts can optionally be formed. In the context of the present invention, salts which are advantageous as agrochemicals are preferred. In view of the close relationship between compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) in free form and in the form of their salts, free in the above specification and in the following specification Any reference to compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) or a salt thereof, where appropriate and convenient, respectively, is the corresponding salt or free compound (A), compound (B), respectively. And compound (C). The same applies to tautomers of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) and their salts.

  According to the invention, the expression “combination” refers to various combinations of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C), for example in a single “ready-mix” form; In combination spray mixtures composed of separate formulations of a single active compound, such as a “tank-mix”; also in a reasonable manner, ie in the form of hours, days, etc. Meaning in combination use of a single active ingredient when applied one at a time. For the practice of the present invention, it is preferred that the order of application of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) is not essential.

  According to the invention, the expression “pathogen” means any organism that causes damage to a plant or any part of a plant.

  According to the present invention, the expression “fungi” means all fungi and chromista organisms.

  According to the invention, the expression “phytopathogenic fungi” means all fungi and chromista organisms that cause damage to the plant or any part of the plant. Examples of fungal taxonomic groups are Ascomycota (Ascomycota), Basidiomycota (Basidiomycota), Chitridiomycota (Deteromycota), Deuteromycomycota, Groteromycota Microsporidia), Zygomycota and anamorphic fungi. An example of Chromista is Omycota.

  According to the invention, the expression “microorganism” means all bacterial and protozoan organisms. An example is Plasmophorophycetes.

  According to the invention, the expression “virus” means any virus that causes damage to a plant or any part of a plant. Examples are DNA-, RNA, and DNA and RNA reverse transcription viruses and subviral factors.

  According to the present invention, the expression “pests” means all aschelminhes and panartropoda organisms that cause damage to the plant or any part of the plant. To do. Examples are Nematoda, Arthopoda, Hexapoda and Arachnida.

  The active compounds within the composition according to the invention have potent microbicidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activity, in crop protection, in material protection, in the veterinary field, in the livestock industry and in household use As an insecticide, it can be used to control unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests.

  Within the composition according to the invention, the fungicide compound is used in crop protection, for example, Plasmophorophycetes, Omycota, Chitridiomycota, Zygomycota A, Ascomycetes, Ascomycota It can be used to control phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests such as fungi (Basidiomycota) and Deuteromycota.

  Within the composition according to the invention, the insecticide compounds can be used in crop protection, for example to control phytopathogenic pests.

  Within the composition according to the invention, the bactericidal compounds are used in crop protection, for example Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteria ( It can be used to control microorganisms of Corynebacterium and Streptomycesaceae.

  The combinations and / or compositions as fungicides and pesticides according to the invention may be used to curatively or preventively control phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops. it can. Thus, according to a further aspect of the invention, the fungicides and insecticide compositions according to the invention by application to seeds, plants, or the fruits of the plants, or to the soil where the plants are growing or desired to grow A method of curatively or prophylactically controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops is provided.

  According to the invention, all plants and plant parts can be treated. Plants are all plants and desirable and undesirable wild plants, cultivars (including native cultivars) and plant varieties (whether or not they can be protected by the rights of plant varieties or plant breeders) Means plant populations such as Cultivars and plant varieties can be plants obtained by conventional breeding and breeding methods, which include doubling haploids, protoplast fusion, random and directed mutagenesis, molecular or genetic markers. It can be supported or supplemented by one or more biotechnological methods, such as by use or by biotechnology and genetic engineering involving transgenic plants.

  Plant parts refer to all above-ground and underground parts and organs of plants, such as shoots, leaves, flowers, flowers and roots, such as leaves, needles, trunks, branches, Examples include flowers, fruit bodies, fruits and seeds, as well as roots, corms and rhizomes. Crop and asexual and reproductive propagation materials, such as cuttings, corms, rhizomes, carps and seeds, also belong to the plant part.

  According to the present invention, the expression “plant propagation material” means any plant material that can be used for either asexual or sexual reproduction of plants. Examples of plant propagation materials include cuttings, These are corms, rhizomes, buds, seeds, fruits, grains, legumes, fruit bodies, tubers and seedlings.

  A combination / composition according to the invention for combating phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests in crop protection comprises an effective but non-phytotoxic amount of an active compound according to the invention. “Effective, but not phytotoxic amount” is sufficient to control on the one hand to completely or completely eliminate the fungal disease of the plant and on the other hand no significant plant Defined as the amount of the combination according to the invention that does not result in toxic symptoms. Effective doses can generally be varied within a larger range. This dose depends on several factors, for example the fungus to be fighted, the plant, the climatic conditions, and on the active compounds of the combination according to the invention.

  Among the plants that can be protected by the method according to the invention, the main field crops such as corn, soybean, cotton; Brassica oil seeds, such as Brassica napus (such as rape) , Brassica rapa, B.I. Various plants such as rice, wheat, sugar beet, sugarcane, oats, rye, barley, millet, triticale, flax, vines, and the like; and B. juncea (eg mustard) and Brassica carinata Various fruits and vegetables of the scientific taxonomic group, for example Rosaceae sp. (For example, fruits such as apples and pears, stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches, liquids such as strawberries Fruit), Ribesioidae sp., Juglandaceae sp., Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaaceae sp. .), Fagaceae sp., Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp., Actinaceae sp., Lauraceae sp., Laurae sp. Species (Musaceae sp.) (Eg, banana trees and planting), Rubiaceae sp. (Eg, coffee), Theaceae sp., Steluciceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (Rutaceae sp.) (Eg lemon, orange and grapefruit); Solanaceae sp. (Eg tomato, potato, pepper, na , Rapeseed), Liliaceae sp., Compositiae sp. (Eg, including lettuce, artichoke and chicory-root chicory, endive or common chicory), Umbelliferae sp. (Eg, Umbelliferae sp.) Carrots, parsley, celery and celeriac), Cucurbitaceae sp. (Eg pickling cucumber, pickling cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, gourd and melon), Ariaceae sp. Onion and leek), Cruciferae sp. ) (Eg white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, body vegetables, kohlrabi (corm), radish, horseradish, mustard, Chinese cabbage), leguminosae sp. (Eg peanuts, peas and beans) (Beans beans) such as vine and broad bean), Cenopodiaceae sp. (Eg Mangold, chard, spinach, beetroot), Asteraceae sp. (Eg sunflower), Brassicae species Brassicaceae sp.) (Eg white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, body vegetables, kohlrabi, radish and rape, Rapeseed, field radish, horseradish, mustard), Fabacae sp. (E.g. peanuts and beans), Papionaceae sp. (E.g. soybean), Malvaceae sp. (E.g. okra) , Asparagaceae sp. (Eg Asparagus), etc .; Horticulture and forest crops; ornamental plants; and genetically engineered homologues of these crops.

  The treatment method according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), for example plants or seeds. A genetically engineered plant (or transgenic plant) is a plant in which heterologous genes are stably integrated into the genome. The expression “heterologous gene” is provided or constructed outside a plant and, when introduced into the cell nucleus, chloroplast or mitochondrial genome, expresses a related protein or polypeptide present in the plant. Or by down-regulating or silencing one or more other genes (eg, using antisense technology, co-suppression technology or RNA interference-RNAi-technology), Or essentially means a gene that provides improved agronomical or other properties. A heterologous gene located in the genome is also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.

  Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growth conditions (soil, climate, long plant life, nutrients), the treatment according to the invention is superadditive (“synergistic”). It can also have an effect. Thus, for example, for active compounds and compositions that can be used according to the invention, reduced application rates and / or increased activity ranges and / or increased activity, better plant growth, tolerance to high or low temperatures Increased, increased resistance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering capacity, easier harvest, promoted maturity, higher yield, larger fruit, larger plant height, greener leaf color Possible, faster flowering, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the harvested product, higher sugar concentration in the fruit, better storage stability and / or processability of the harvested product, In fact, it exceeds the predicted effect.

  At certain application rates, the active compound combinations according to the invention can also have a strengthening effect in plants. The active compound combinations according to the invention are therefore also suitable for mobilizing the plant's defense system against attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or viruses. If appropriate, this can be one of the reasons why the activity of the combination according to the invention is enhanced, for example against fungi. In this context, plant fortification (resistance-inducing) substances are treated with undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or viruses and / or pests if the treated plants are those undesirable A substance or combination of substances capable of stimulating the defense system of a plant in such a way as to exert a substantial degree of resistance to phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or viruses and / or pests It should be understood to mean. In the present case, undesired phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or viruses are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses and / or pests. The substances according to the invention can therefore be used to protect plants against attack by the above mentioned pathogens within a certain period of time after treatment. The time period during which this protection takes place generally ranges from 1 to 10 days, preferably from 1 to 7 days, after treatment of the plant with the active compound.

  Plant species and plant cultivars that are preferably treated according to the invention have genetic material conferring useful traits that are particularly advantageous for these plants (in any case obtained by breeding and / or biotechnological means). All plants are included.

  Plant species and plant cultivars that are also preferably treated according to the present invention are resistant to one or more biological stresses. That is, the plants exhibit better protection against animals and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, ticks, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and / or viroids.

  Plant species and plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention are plants that are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions include, for example, drought, low temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, strong light exposure, nitrogen nutrient availability constraints, Phosphorus nutrient availability constraints, shade aviation, may be included.

  Plant species and plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention are plants characterized by yield enhancing properties. Yield increases in the plants include, for example, plant physiology, growth and expression, such as water utilization efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen utilization, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination efficiency and maturation promotion As a result of the improvement. Yield is also early flowering, flower management for hybrid generation, seedling vitality, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod Or improved plant buildability (including stress and stress) including, but not limited to, number of spikes, number of seeds per pod or spike, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, reduced seed scatter, inhibition of sheath dehiscence and lodging resistance Under non-stress conditions). Additional yield traits include seed composition such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduced antinutritive compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.

  In Table A, examples of plants having the above traits are listed in a non-exhaustive manner.

  Plants that can be treated according to the present invention already have the characteristics of a hybrid or hybrid vigor that generally results in higher yields, vitality, vitality, and resistance to biological and abiotic stresses. It is a hybrid plant that is expressing. Such plants are typically made by crossing an inbred male sterile parent line (female parent) with another inbred male male parent line (male parent). Hybrid seed is typically harvested from male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterility plants can sometimes be produced (for example in corn) by ear removal, ie mechanical removal of the male genitalia (or male flower), but more typically male sterility is Results from genetic determinants in In that case, and especially when the seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plant, it is typically useful to ensure full recovery of male fertility in the hybrid plant. This is due to the fact that male mating parents have the correct fertility-recovering gene capable of restoring male fertility in hybrid plants with genetic determinants that cause male sterility. Can be achieved. Genetic determinants for male sterility can be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) have been described, for example, in Brassica species (WO 92/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO 05/27). No. 002324, WO 06/021972 and US Pat. No. 6,229,072). However, genetic determinants for male sterility can also be located in the nuclear genome. Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering. A particularly useful means of obtaining male sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396, in which a ribonuclease such as barnase is selectively expressed in tapet tissue cells in stamens. Thus, fertility can be restored by the expression of ribonuclease inhibitors such as barster in tapet tissue cells (eg, WO 91/02069).

  Plants and plant cultivars that can be treated according to the invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are herbicide-tolerant plants, ie plants that are tolerant to one or more given herbicides. It is. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such herbicide tolerance.

  Herbicide-tolerant plants are, for example, glyphosate-tolerant plants, ie plants that are tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or a salt thereof. By various means, plants can be made resistant to glyphosate. For example, glyphosate resistant plants can be obtained by transforming plants with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutant strain CT7) (Comai et al., 1983, Science 221, pages 370-371) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, Agrobacterium sp. CP4 gene (Barry et al., 1992, Curr. Topics Plant Physiol. 7, pp. 139-145), a gene encoding Petunia EPSPS (Shah et al., 1986, Science 233, pp. 478-481), tomato EPSPS (Gasser et al., 1988, J. Biol. Chem. 263, pages 4280-4289), or Eleucine (Eleusine). EPSPS is a gene encoding (WO 01/66704). The EPSPS gene can also be a mutant EPSPS as described, for example, in EP 0 833 944, WO 00/66746, WO 00/66747 or WO 02/26995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants are obtained by expressing a gene encoding the glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme described in US Pat. Nos. 5,776,760 and 5,463,175 You can also. The glyphosate-tolerant plant is obtained by, for example, glyphosate acetyltransferase enzyme described in WO02 / 36782, WO03 / 092360, WO05 / 0125515 and WO07 / 024782. It can also be obtained by expressing the encoded gene. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained, for example, by selecting plants containing naturally occurring mutants of the above-mentioned genes described in WO 01/024615 or WO 03/013226.

  Other herbicide-tolerant plants are plants that are tolerant to herbicides that inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase such as, for example, bialaphos, phosphinotricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme that detoxifies the herbicide or a mutant glutamine synthase enzyme that resists inhibition. One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme that encodes a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (such as a bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). It is. Plants expressing exogenous phosphinothricin acetyltransferase are disclosed in, for example, US Pat. Nos. 5,561,236, 5,648,477, 5,646,024, No. 5,273,894, No. 5,637,489, No. 5,276,268, No. 5,739,082, No. 5,908,810 In the description and in the 7,112,665 specification.

  Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that are tolerant to herbicides that inhibit the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of converting para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) to homogentisate. Plants resistant to HPPD-inhibitors encode naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzymes described in WO 96/38567, WO 99/24585, and WO 99/24586. Or by a gene encoding a mutant HPPD enzyme. Resistance to an HPPD inhibitor can also be obtained by transforming a plant with a gene encoding an enzyme that enables the production of homogentisate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD inhibitor. Such plants and genes are described in WO 99/34008 and WO 02/36787. As described in WO 2004/024928, the resistance of plants to HPPD inhibitors is achieved by the gene encoding the enzyme prephenate deshydrogenase in addition to the gene encoding the HPPD resistant enzyme. It can also be improved by transforming.

  Still further herbicide-tolerant plants are those that are tolerant to acetolactate synthesis (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinoxy (thio) benzoates and / or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. For example, as described in Channel and Wright (2002, Weed Science 50: 700-712), U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,605,011, 5,378,824, 5 , 141,870 and 5,013,659, various mutants in the ALS enzyme (also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS) It is known to provide resistance to herbicides and herbicide groups. Production of sulfonylurea and imidazolinone resistant plants is described in US Pat. Nos. 5,605,011, 5,013,659, 5,141,870, No. 5,767,361, No. 5,731,180, No. 5,304,732, No. 4,761,373, No. 5,331,107. , Nos. 5,928,937 and 5,378,824 and International Publication No. WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone-resistant plants include, for example, International Publication No. 2004/040012, International Publication No. 2004/106529, International Publication No. 2005/020673, International Publication No. 2005/093093, International Publication No. 2006/007373, International Publication No. Also described in Publication No. 2006/015376, International Publication No. 2006/024351 and International Publication No. 2006/060634. Other sulfonylurea and imidazolinone resistant plants are also described, for example, in WO 07/024782.

  Other plants resistant to imidazolinones and sulfonylureas are, for example, US Pat. No. 5,084,082 for soybeans, WO 97/41218 for rice and US Pat. No. 5,773 for sugar beet. , 702 and WO 99/057965, as described in US Pat. No. 5,198,599 for lettuce or WO 01/065922 for sunflower. It can be obtained by induction of production, selection of cell cultures in the presence of herbicides, or mutation breeding.

  Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can also be treated according to the present invention are resistant to attack by insect-resistant transgenic plants, ie several target insects. It is a plant that was made to exist. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such insect resistance.

As used herein, “insect-resistant transgenic plants” include:
1) Online at http: //www.Crickmore et al. (1998, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807-813). lifesci. sussex. ac. Bacillus Tsuru, such as the insecticidal crystal protein or its insecticidal portion, listed in uk / Home / Neil_Crickmore / Bt / and updated by Crickmore et al. (2005) for the nomenclature Bacillus thuringiensis. An insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an insecticidal part thereof, such as the Cry protein grade proteins Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa or Cry3Bb or an insecticidal part thereof; or 2) Cry34 and A binary toxin composed of Cry35 crystal protein (Moellenbeck et al. 2001, Nat. Biotechn ol.19: 668-72; Schnepf et al. 2006, Applied Environm.Microbiol.71: 1765-1774) or a portion of a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof. 3) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or part thereof, which is insecticidal in presence; or 3) a hybrid of the protein of 1) above or a hybrid of the protein of 2) above, eg the corn event MON98034 Produced by Cry1A. A hybrid insecticidal protein comprising portions of an insecticidal crystal protein from different Bacillus thuringiensis, such as 105; or 4) Cry3Bb1 protein in corn event MON863 or MON88017, or Cry3A in corn event MIR604 Some, especially 1 to 10 amino acids, such as proteins, are replaced by other amino acids and are higher to the target insect species due to changes introduced into the encoded DNA during cloning or transformation The protein of any one of A1 to A3 above, wherein the insecticidal activity is obtained and / or the range of target insect species affected is expanded;
5) http: // www. lifesci. sussex. ac. uk / home / Neil_Crickmore / Bt / vip. Insecticidal secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as asexual insecticidal (VIP) proteins listed on html, or insecticidal parts thereof, such as VIP3Aa protein Or 6) a second Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a binary toxin composed of VIP1A and VIP2A proteins (WO 94/21795) or B. Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cerevisiae in the presence of secreted proteins from B. cereus. A secreted protein from B. cereus; or 7) a different Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cerevisiae, such as a hybrid of the protein of 1) above or a hybrid of the protein of 2) above. A hybrid insecticidal protein comprising a portion from a secreted protein from Bacillus. Cereus; or 8) some particularly 1 to 10 amino acids such as VIP3Aa protein in the moment event COT102 are replaced by other amino acids Resulting in higher insecticidal activity on the target insect species due to changes introduced into the encoded DNA during cloning or transformation (while encoding the insecticidal protein), and Any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding any one of the proteins 1) to 3) above, wherein the range of target insect species affected is expanded included.

  Of course, the insect-resistant transgenic plant used in the present specification also includes any plant containing a combination of genes encoding any one protein of the above classifications 1 to 8. In one embodiment, the insect-resistant plant contains two or more transgenes encoding any one protein of the above classes 1 to 8, and various proteins directed to various target insect species Has a different mode of action, such as broadening the range of affected target insect species, or being insecticidal to the same target insect species but binding to different receptor binding sites in that insect Use of different proteins prolongs the expression of insect resistance in plants.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are resistant to biological stress. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress-tolerant plants:
a. Expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in plant cells or plants as described in WO 00/04173 or EP 04077984.5 or EP 06009836.5 And / or a plant containing a transgene capable of reducing activity,
b. A plant comprising a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene described in, for example, WO 2004/090140, capable of reducing the expression and / or activity of a PARG-encoding gene in a plant or plant cell;
c. For example, nicotine amidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase, nicotinate mononucleotide adenyl transferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide described in EP 04077624.7 or WO 2006/133828 or PCT / EP07 / 002433 Plants containing a stress tolerance enhanced transgene encoding a plant functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide recovery and synthesis pathway, including synthetases or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferases are included.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are:
1) Compared to starch synthesized in wild type plant cells or plants, in physicochemical properties, in particular amylose content or amylose / amylopectin ratio, degree of branching, average chain length, side chain distribution, viscous behavior, Transgenic plants that synthesize modified starches with varying gel strength, starch particle size and / or starch granule morphology, so that it is better suited for special applications. The transgenic plants that synthesize modified starch are, for example, EP 0571427, WO 95/04826, EP 0719338, WO 96/15248, WO 96/248. 19581, WO 96/27674, WO 97/11188, WO 97/26362, WO 97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472 , WO 97/45545, WO 98/27212, WO 98/40503, WO 99/58688, WO 99/58690, WO 99/58654, Publication No. 00/08184, International Publication No. 00/08185, International Publication No. 00/08175 International Publication No. 00/28052, International Publication No. 00/77229, International Publication No. 01/12782, International Publication No. 01/12826, International Publication No. 02/101059, International Publication No. 03/071860, International Publication 2004/056999, International Publication No. 2005/030942, International Publication No. 2005/030941, International Publication No. 2005/095632, International Publication No. 2005/095617, International Publication No. 2005/095619, International Publication No. 2005 / 095618, International Publication No. 2005/123927, International Publication No. 2006/018319, International Publication No. 2006/103107, International Publication No. 2006/108702, International Publication No. 2007/009823, International Publication No. 00/22140. No., International Publication No. 2006 No. 063862, International Publication No. WO 2006/072603, International Publication No. WO 02/034923, European Patent No. 06090134.5, European Patent No. 06090228.5, European Patent No. 06090227.7, European Patent No. Patent No. 07090007.1, European Patent No. 070900099.7, International Publication No. 01/14569, International Publication No. 02/79410, International Publication No. 03/33540, International Publication No. 2004/078983 International Publication No. 01/19975, International Publication No. 95/26407, International Publication No. 96/34968, International Publication No. 98/20145, International Publication No. 99/12950, International Publication No. 99/66050, International Publication No. 99/53072, US Pat. No. 6,734,341, International Publication No. 0 0/11192, WO 98/22604, WO 98/32326, WO 01/98509, WO 01/98509, WO 2005/002359, US Pat. No. 5,824,790 Specification, U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,861, WO94 / 04693, WO94 / 09144, WO94 / 11520, WO95 / 35026, WO97 / 20936 Disclosed in;
2) Transgenic plants that synthesize non-starch carbohydrate polymers with altered properties compared to wild-type plants that are not genetically engineered. Examples are disclosed in EP 0 663 356, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/39460 and WO 99/24593, in particular inulin. And plants producing levan-type polyfructose, WO 95/31553, US Patent Application No. 2002031826, US Patent No. 6284479, US Patent No. 5712107, WO Plants producing alpha 1,4-glucan disclosed in 97/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO 00/14249, WO 00/73422 The alpha-1,6 branched alpha 1,4-glucan disclosed in the A plant producing alternan as disclosed in WO 00/47727, EP 0 607 3071.7, US 5908975 and EP 0 728 213 is there;
3) For example, International Publication No. 2006/032538, International Publication No. 2007/039314, International Publication No. 2007/039315, International Publication No. 2007/039316, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-30479 and International Publication No. 2005 / FIG. 9 shows changes in the amount, quality and / or storage stability of harvested products such as the transgenic plants producing hyaluronan disclosed in 012529, and / or changes in the properties of certain components of the harvested products.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are plants such as cotton plants with altered fiber properties. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such altered fiber properties,
a) a plant containing an altered form of the cellulose synthase gene described in WO 98/00594, such as a cotton plant,
b) Plants containing altered forms of rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids described in WO 2004/053219, such as cotton plants,
c) plants described in WO 01/17333 with increased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase, such as cotton plants,
d) plants described in WO 02/45485 with increased expression of sucrose synthase, such as cotton plants,
e) Plants described in WO 2005/0117157, for example, plants that have altered the timing of fiber cell basal cytoplasmic gate opening and closing by down-regulation of fiber-selective β1,3-glucanase, for example cotton plants Such,
f) Plants having fibers whose reactivity is changed by the expression of N-acetylglucosamine transferase gene and chitin synthase gene including nodule C described in International Publication No. 2006/136351, for example, cotton plants, etc. included.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can also be treated according to the present invention have an oil profile characteristic or related Brassica. And so on. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such altered fiber properties,
a) For example, US Pat. No. 5,969,169, US Pat. No. 5,840,946 or US Pat. No. 6,323,392 or US Pat. No. 6,063,947 Plants that produce oils with a high oleic acid content, such as rape plants,
b) An oil having a low linolenic acid content as described in US Pat. No. 6,270,828, US Pat. No. 6,169,190 or US Pat. No. 5,965,755 Producing plants, such as oilseed rape plants,
c) Included are plants that produce oils with low levels of saturated fatty acids, such as rape plants, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,434,283.

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the present invention are plants that contain a transformation event, or a combination of transformation events, which are the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) animal and plant quarantine in the United States. It is the subject of a petitions for non-regulated status to an authority (APHIS) and such petitions have been granted or are still pending. This information is always available from APHIS (4700 River Road Riverdale, MD (MD) 20737, USA), for example at its Internet site (URL http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/not_reg.html). It is readily available. The petition for non-regulated status pending by APHIS or approved by APHIS at the filing date of this application was listed in Table B. Table B contains the following information:
-Petition: the petition identification number. A technical description of the transformation event can be found in the individual petition and these documents are available from APHIS by reference to this identification number, for example on the APHIS website. These descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

  -Petition extension: reference to a previous petition for which an extension has been requested.

  -Institution: the name of the entity that is submitting the petition.

  -Regulated items: the plant species concerned.

  -Transgenic phenotype: a trait conferred to the plant by a transformation event.

  -Transformation event or strain: the name of one or more events (sometimes indicated by one or more strains) for which a non-regulated state is required.

  APHIS materials: Various materials published by APHIS regarding petition and that can be requested from APHIS:

  Further particularly useful plants containing single transformation events or combinations of transformation events are listed, for example, in databases from various national or local regulatory agencies (see, eg, http: //gmoinfo.jrc. it / gmp_browse.aspex and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).

  More specifically, transgenic plants include plants that contain the transgene in an agro-economic intermediate or beneficial position listed in any of the published patents listed in Table C.

  In Table A, examples of plants having the above traits are listed in a non-exhaustive manner.

  Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the present invention are plants that contain a transformation event or a combination of transformation events, such as listed in databases from various national or local regulatory agencies (eg, http). //Gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspex and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).

  Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the invention are those listed in Table B along with their trade names.

  More particularly, rice transgenic plants include those listed in Table C that contain at least one transgene in an agro-economic intermediate or beneficial location.

  In a very specific embodiment, ((A) and (B)) or ((A) and (B) and (C) by application to seeds (plant propagation material), plants or their fruits of genetically engineered plants )) Is described, including the use of a combination of)), a method of curatively or prophylactically controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of a plant or crop, in this case expressed by a genetically engineered plant The active ingredient corresponds to a line in Table A, B or C.

  In a very specific embodiment, ((A) and (B)) or ((A) and (B) and (C) by application to seeds (plant propagation material), plants or their fruits of genetically engineered plants )) Is described, including the use of a combination of)), a method of curatively or prophylactically controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops, in this case expressed by genetically engineered plants The active ingredient corresponds to any row of Tables A, B or C.

  In a further aspect, a composition comprising a combination according to the invention is provided. The composition as a fungicide and insecticide preferably contains agriculturally acceptable additives, solvents, carriers, surfactants or extenders.

  According to the invention, the term “carrier” binds or associates the active compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C), making it easier to apply, in particular to plant parts. Or it refers to synthetic organic or inorganic compounds. The carrier is therefore preferably inert and should be at least agriculturally acceptable. The carrier can be solid or liquid.

Suitable solid carriers are:
For example, oil waxes such as ammonium salts and natural rock powders such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and synthetic rock powders such as highly dispersible silica, aluminum oxide and silicates, Solid fertilizer, water, alcohol preferably butanol, organic solvents, minerals and vegetable oils, and their derivatives;
Suitable solid carriers for granules include: natural rocks that have been crushed and fractionated, such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic powders, and granules of organic materials, such as paper, sawdust, coconut Shells, corn stalks and tobacco stalks.

  A liquefied gaseous diluent or support refers to liquids that are gaseous at normal temperature and pressure, for example, aerosol propellants such as halohydrocarbons and butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

  In formulations, adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose; natural and synthetic powdered, granular or latex-like polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and natural phospholipids such as cephalin and lecithin, and synthetic phospholipids Can be used. Further additives can be optionally modified minerals or vegetable oils and waxes.

  Suitable bulking agents are, for example, water, polar and non-polar organic chemical liquids, such as aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes), alcohols and polyols (substituted when appropriate, ethers) , And / or esterified), ketones (acetone, cyclohexane, etc.), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly) ethers, unsubstituted and substituted amines, amides, lactams (N-alkyls) Pyrrolidone etc.) and lactones, sulfones and sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide etc.).

  When the extender used is water, for example, it is possible to use an organic solvent as a co-solvent. In essence, suitable liquid solvents are: aromatic compounds such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalene; chlorinated aromatic compounds and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroethylene or methylene chloride; cyclohexane or paraffin ( Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as petroleum fractions; minerals and vegetable oils; alcohols such as butanol or glycol, and also their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone; strong solvents such as Dimethyl sulfoxide and the like, and also water.

  The composition according to the invention can also comprise additional compounds. In particular, the composition can further comprise a surfactant. The surfactant can be an ionic or nonionic emulsifier, dispersant or wetting agent or a mixture of such surfactants. For example, mention may be made of polyacrylates, lignosulfonates, phenolsulfonic acids or naphthalenesulfonates; polycondensates of ethylene oxide with aliphatic alcohols or with fatty acids or with aliphatic amines; substituted Phenols (especially alkylphenols or arylphenols), sulfosuccinic acid esters, taurine derivatives (especially alkyl taurates), polyoxyethylated alcohols or phenolic phosphate esters, salts of fatty acid esters of polyols; and sulfates, sulfonates and phosphorus Derivatives of this compound containing acid salt functional groups, such as alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkylsulfates, arylsulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignosulfite pulp waste liquors, It is called cellulose. When the active compound and / or inert carrier is insoluble in water and the mediator for application is water, the presence of at least one surfactant is generally essential. Preferably, the surfactant content can constitute from 5% to 40% by weight of the composition.

  Suitable emulsifiers and / or cell formers are: for example, nonionic and anionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers; suitable dispersants are nonionic and / or ionic Sex substances such as alcohol POE and / or POP ether, acids and / or POP or POE esters, alkyl-aryl and / or POP or POE ether, aliphatic and / or POP-POE adducts, POE and / or From POP polyol derivatives, POE and / or POP / sorbitan or sugar adducts, alkyl or aryl sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates or corresponding PO ether adducts. Furthermore, based on suitable oligomers or polymers, such as vinyl monomers, acrylic acid, EO and / or PO alone or in combination with, for example, (poly) alcohol or (poly) amine. Lignin and its sulfonic acid derivatives, simple and modified cellulose, aromatic and / or aliphatic sulfonic acids and their adducts with formaldehyde can also be used. Suitable as dispersants are, for example, lignosulfite pulp waste liquor and methylcellulose.

  Colorants such as inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic pigments such as alizarin, azo and metallophthalocyanine dyes, and trace elements such as iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc salts Etc. can be used.

  Optionally, other additional compounds such as protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents can also be included. More generally, the active compound can be combined with any solid or liquid additive according to conventional formulation techniques.

  In general, the compositions according to the invention can contain from 0.05 to 99% by weight of active compound, preferably from 1 to 70% by weight, most preferably from 10 to 50% by weight.

  Accordingly, the combinations or compositions according to the invention are in the form of their formulations or use forms prepared from these formulations, such as aerosol dispensers, capsule suspensions, cold atomized concentrates, hot atomized concentrates, Encapsulated granules, fine granules, fluid concentrate for seed treatment, ready-to-use solution, dustable powder, emulsifiable concentrate, oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-oil emulsion, large granules, microgranules, oil dispersion Powders, oil-miscible fluid concentrates, oil-miscible fluids, foams, glues, seeds coated with pesticides, suspension concentrates (fluid concentrates), suspension-emulsions- Concentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, soluble powders, granules, water-soluble granules or tablets, water-soluble powders for seed treatment, wettable powders, natural and synthetic materials impregnated with active compounds, polymer materials And seed encapsulated inclusions in envelopes and ULV-cold and heat atomized formulations, gas agents (under pressure), gas generating products, plant rodlets, dry seed treatment powders, seed treatments Solution, ultra-trace (ULV) liquid, ultra-trace (ULV) suspension, water-dispersible granules or tablets, water-dispersible powder for slurry treatment, and the like.

  These formulations comprise the active compound or active compound combination with conventional additives such as customary bulking agents and also solvents or diluents, emulsifiers, dispersants and / or binding or fixing agents, wetting agents, Mix with water repellents, desiccants and UV stabilizers where appropriate, colorants, pigments, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and water, plus further processing aids According to the steps, it is prepared in a known manner.

  These compositions include concentrated commercial products that must be diluted prior to application to the crop, as well as compositions that can be applied immediately to the plants or seeds to be treated, by appropriate equipment such as spraying or dusting equipment. Compositions are also included.

  Control of phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests that damage plants after emergence is performed by first treating the soil and the above-ground parts of the plant with crop protection agents. Due to concerns about the potential impact of crop protection agents on the environment and human and animal health, there are efforts to reduce the amount of active compound applied.

  The active compound combinations according to the invention can be used in other commercial compounds, such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, killers, in their commercial preparations and in use forms prepared from these preparations. It can be used as a mixture with nematodes, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers or information chemicals.

  The treatment of plants and plant parts with the active compound combinations according to the invention may be directed to their environment, habitat or storage area directly or by conventional treatment methods, such as irrigation (drip irrigation), drop irrigation, spraying, vaporization, Atomization, full spraying, dusting, foaming, top surface spreading, and dry seed treatment powder, seed treatment solution, seed treatment water-soluble powder, slurry treatment water-soluble powder, or in the case of propagation materials, especially in the case of seeds Depending on the encrustation, it can be further processed by drying, slurrying, liquid treatment, single layer or multilayer coating. Furthermore, it is possible to apply the active compound by a microtrace method or to inject the active compound preparation or the active compound itself into the soil.

  The application rate of the combination varies depending on, for example, the type of use, the type of crop, the specific active compound in the combination, the type of plant propagation material (if appropriate), but the active compound in the combination is desired It is an amount that is effective to provide a potentiating effect (such as disease or pest control) and can be determined by trial.

  The method of treatment according to the invention also provides for the use of compounds (A) and (B) in simultaneous, separate or sequential form.

The dose / rate of active compound normally applied in the method of treatment according to the invention is generally:
-Regarding foliage treatment: Compound (A) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 10 to 1,000 g / ha, more preferably 50 to 300 g / ha; Compound (B) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha ha, preferably 10 to 1,000 g / ha, more preferably 50 to 300 g / ha; Compound (C) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 10 to 1,000 g / ha, more preferably 50 300 g / ha; in the case of irrigation or instillation, the dose can also be reduced, especially when using inert substances such as rock wool or perlite;
-Seed treatment: Compound (A) 2 to 200 g per 100 kg seed, preferably 3 to 150 g per 100 kg seed; Compound (B) 2 to 200 g per 100 kg seed, preferably 3 to 150 g per 100 kg seed; Compound (C) 2 to 200 g per 100 kg seed, preferably 3 to 150 g per 100 kg seed;
-Regarding soil treatment: Compound (A) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 1 to 5,000 g / ha; Compound (B) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 1 to 5,000 g / Ha; Compound (C) 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 1 to 5,000 g / ha
Is advantageous.

  The doses indicated herein are given as illustrative examples of the method according to the invention. The person skilled in the art knows how to adapt the application dose, especially depending on the characteristics of the plant or crop to be treated.

  The combination according to the invention can be used to protect plants within a certain time range after treatment against pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests. it can. The time range during which protection is performed is generally from 1 to 28 days, preferably from 1 to 14 days after treating plants with this combination, or up to 200 days after treating plant propagation material.

  The method of treatment according to the invention can be useful for treating propagation materials such as tubers or rhizomes as well as seeds, seedlings or seedling transplants and plants or plant transplants. This method of processing can also be useful for processing roots. The method of treatment according to the invention can also serve to treat the above-ground parts of plants, such as stems, stems or stems, leaves, flowers, etc. and the fruits of the plants.

  A further aspect of the present invention is the combination of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) in synergistically effective amounts to natural substances of plant or animal origin taken from the natural life cycle or processed forms thereof. A method for protecting natural substances of plant or animal origin or their processed forms, comprising the step of applying

  A preferred embodiment is the step of applying a combination of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) in synergistically effective amounts to natural substances of plant origin or their processed form taken from the natural life cycle A method for protecting natural substances of plant origin or their processed forms.

  A further preferred embodiment applies a combination of compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) in synergistically effective amounts to natural substances of plant origin or their processed forms taken from the natural life cycle. A method comprising preserving fruit, preferably fruit, stone fruit, soft fruit and citrus fruit, or processed forms thereof, comprising a step.

  The present invention includes a procedure in which seeds are treated simultaneously with compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C). The present invention further includes a method in which seed is treated separately with compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C).

  The present invention also includes seeds that have been treated simultaneously with compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C). The present invention also includes seeds that are separately treated with compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C). For the latter seed, the active ingredient can be applied as a separate layer. These layers can optionally be separated by further layers that may or may not contain the active ingredient.

  The combinations and / or compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for seed treatment. Most of the damage to cultivars caused by pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests is mainly during plant storage, sowing in the ground, and seeds This occurs when seeds are damaged during and after germination. This aspect is particularly important because the roots and shoots of growing plants are particularly sensitive and even a small amount of damage can lead to the wilting of the entire plant. There is therefore considerable interest in protecting seeds and germinating plants through the use of appropriate drugs.

  The control of pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests by the treatment of plant seeds has been known for a considerable time and has been the goal of continuous improvement. However, there are several problems in seed processing that cannot always be fully resolved. Thus, it is worth developing a method of protecting seeds and germinating plants that does not require further application of plant protection agents after sowing or after plant germination. Furthermore, it is possible that the active compound applied does not damage the plant itself, but is harmed by pests and / or by phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests It is worthwhile to optimize the amount of active material applied so that the best possible seed and germinating plants are protected. In particular, the seed treatment method provides the fungicidal and insecticidal and insecticidal properties inherent in transgenic plants in order to achieve optimal seed and germination plant protection with minimal plant protectant consumption. Should also be considered.

  Thus, the present invention is particularly harmful in that the seed is treated with the combination / composition of the present invention, in particular by pests and / or by phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests. The present invention relates to a method for protecting seeds and germinating plants from being produced. The invention further relates to the use of the combination / composition of the invention for the treatment of seeds to protect the seeds and germinating plants from pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests Also related. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to seed treated with the combination / composition of the present invention to protect against pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests.

  One advantage of the present invention is that the combination / composition of the present invention not only protects the seed itself from pests and / or phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests, but also after germination This is because of the special systemic nature of the treatment of the combination / composition of the invention that also protects the budding plants. Thus, the direct treatment of the medium at or immediately after sowing can be omitted.

  A further advantage is a synergistic increase in the fungicidal and insecticidal activity of the combination / composition of the present invention compared to each individual active compound, this synergistic increase being both applied separately. It extends beyond the total activity of the active compounds. This makes it possible to optimize the amount of active compound applied.

  The mixtures according to the invention can also be used in particular for transgenic seeds, whereby the plants budding from these seeds are proteins that combat pests and phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests Is also considered advantageous. By treating such seeds with the agents according to the invention, certain pests and phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests have already been controlled, for example by expression of insecticidal proteins. Surprisingly, it is surprising that the agents of the present invention also provide synergistic activity supplementation, which further improves the effectiveness of protecting against pest harm.

  The agents according to the invention are suitable for protecting the seeds of all types of plant varieties already described which are used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forestry, in furrow treatment, in horticulture or in vineyards. Yes. In particular, this includes grains (wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet, oat, rice, etc.), corn, cotton, soybeans, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beets (eg sugar beet, mangold and feed beet), It is involved in peanut, rape, rapeseed, poppy, olive, coconut, cacao, sugarcane or tobacco seeds. The combinations / compositions of the present invention are also suitable for the treatment of the aforementioned fruit plants and vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), lawns, turf and ornamental plant seeds. In particular, importance is given to the treatment of seeds of wheat, barley, rye, triticale, oat, corn, rice, soybean, cotton, rape, and rapeseed.

  As already mentioned, the treatment of transgenic seed with the combination / composition of the invention is of particular importance. This is related to the seeds of plants that generally contain at least one heterologous gene that suppresses the expression of polypeptides with special insecticidal properties. This heterologous gene in the transgenic seed is: Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Grosbacter G ) Or a microorganism such as Gliocladium. The present invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of transgenic seed containing at least one heterologous gene arising from Bacillus sp., The gene product of which is European corn borer and / or Western western Activity against corn root worm is shown. Particularly preferred is a heterologous gene arising from Bacillus thuringiensis.

  Within the context of the present invention, the combination / composition of the present invention is applied to the seed either alone or as a suitable formulation. The seeds are preferably handled in a very stable manner, so that no damage occurs during the treatment. In general, seed treatment can be performed at any time between harvesting and sowing. Usually, seeds separated from the plant, separated from the inflorescence, covering, stalk, sheath, eyelash or pulp are used. Use seeds that have been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% w / w. Alternatively, seeds that have been treated with water after drying and then dried again can be used.

  In general, during the treatment of the seed, the amount of the combination / composition and / or further additives of the present invention applied to the seed is selected so that the germination of the seed is not impaired and the plants that emerge are not damaged It must be noted that Note in particular this for active compounds which can exhibit a phytotoxic effect when applied in certain amounts.

  The combinations / compositions of the present invention can be applied directly, i.e., without containing additional compounds and without dilution. Usually, this combination / composition is preferably applied to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and seed treatment methods are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the following materials: US Pat. No. 4,272,417A, US Pat. No. 4,245,432A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430A, U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,739A, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0176428A1, International Publication No. WO 2002 / 080675A1, International Publication No. 2002 / 028186A2 issue.

  Active compound combinations and compositions that can be used according to the invention include conventional seed dressing formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating materials, and the like Moreover, it can convert into a ULV formulation.

  These formulations contain the active compound or active compound combination with conventional additives such as customary bulking agents and also solvents or diluents, colorants, wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives. It is prepared in a known manner by mixing with agents, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins, and optionally further with water or the like.

  Suitable colorants that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all colorants customary for such purposes. Both poorly water soluble pigments and water soluble dyes can be used. Examples that may be enumerated are rhodamine B, C.I. I. Pigment red 112 and C.I. I. Colorants known under the name Solvent Red 1 are included.

  Suitable wetting agents that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all materials that promote wetting and are conventional in the formulation of active agricultural chemicals. Preferably, it is possible to use alkylnaphthalene-sulfonates such as diisopropyl- or diisobutylnaphthalene-sulfonate.

  Suitable dispersants and / or emulsifiers that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all nonionic, anionic and cationic properties customary in active agricultural chemical formulations outlined above. A dispersant is included.

  Suitable defoamers that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all foam control agents that are customary in active agricultural chemical formulations. It is preferred that the use of a silicone defoamer and magnesium stearate is possible.

  Suitable preservatives that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all substances that can be used for such purposes in agricultural chemical compositions. By way of example, mention may be made of dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

  Suitable secondary thickeners that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all substances that can be used for such purposes in agricultural chemical compositions. Preferred compatibility is possessed by cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and highly disperse silica.

  Suitable adhesives that can be present in the seed dressing formulations of the present invention include all conventional binders that can be used in seed dressing. Preferable examples include polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, and tyrose.

  Suitable gibberellins that can be present in the seed dressing formulation of the present invention preferably include gibberellins A1, A3 (= gibberellic acid), A4 and A7, with gibberellin A3 (= gibberellic acid) being particularly preferred. Gibberellins of formula (II) are known and the nomenclature of gibberellins can be found in the references listed below (R. Wegller “Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- and Schedlingsbekaempfungsmittel”, Vol. 2, Sper, -See Heidelberg-New York, 1970, pages 401-412).

  Mixing equipment suitable for treating seeds with the seed dressing formulations to be used according to the present invention or with preparations prepared by adding water from those formulations is usually used for dressing. Includes all possible mixing facilities. The specific procedure employed when dressing includes the steps of introducing seeds into the mixer, particularly adding the desired amount of seed dressing formulation as is or after prior dilution with water, and onto the seeds. Mixing until the formulation is evenly distributed. In some cases, a drying operation follows.

  In material protection, the substances of the invention can be used to protect technical materials against harm and destruction by undesirable fungi and / or microorganisms.

  A technical material is understood in the present context as a non-biological material prepared for use in engineering. For example, technical materials intended to protect against microbiological changes or destruction by the active material of the present invention include adhesives, glues, paper and cardboard, fabrics, carpets that may be harmed or destroyed by microorganisms, It can be leather, wood, paint and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other materials. Within the context of the material to be protected are also parts of the production plant that can be adversely affected by the growth of fungi and / or microorganisms, such as cooling circuits, cooling and heating systems, air conditioning and ventilation systems. Preferred technical materials within the context of the present invention are adhesives, glues, paper and cardboard, leather, wood, paint, cooling lubricants and heat exchanger fluids, particularly preferred is wood. .

  The combination according to the invention can prevent adverse effects such as decaying, discoloration and decoloration or molding.

  The method of treatment according to the invention can also be used in the field of protecting stored articles against fungal and microbial attack. According to the present invention, the term “storage goods” is taken from natural life cycles and refers to natural substances of plant or animal origin and their processed forms for which long-term protection is desired. Understood. Storage articles of plant origin, such as plants or parts thereof, such as stalks, leaves, tubers, seeds, fruits or grains, are in freshly harvested or processed form, such as pre-dried, humidified, ground, ground It can be protected by pressurization or steaming. Also falling within the definition of storage articles are timbers in the form of natural timber, such as building timber, power towers and bulkheads, or in the form of finished articles, such as wooden furniture or objects. Storage items of animal origin are leather, leather, fur, hair and the like. The combination according to the invention can prevent adverse effects such as decay, discoloration or wrinkles. “Storage article” refers to natural substances of plant origin and their processed forms, more preferably fruits and their processed forms, such as berries, stone fruits, soft fruits and citrus fruits and their processed forms It is preferable to be understood.

  In another preferred embodiment of the invention, “storage article” is understood to denote wood.

  The fungicide composition according to the invention can also be used against fungal diseases that may occur on or inside timber. The term “timber” means all kinds of trees, all types of such trees processed for construction, such as solid wood, high density wood, laminated wood and plywood. The method for treating timber according to the invention is mainly carried out by contacting one or more compounds according to the invention or a composition according to the invention. This includes, for example, direct application, spraying, dipping, pouring, or any other suitable means.

Among the diseases of plants or crops that can be controlled by the method according to the invention, the following may be mentioned:
Powdery mildew, for example
Caused by Blumeria disease, for example, Blumeria graminis;
Podosphaera disease, for example, caused by Podosphaera leucotrica;
Sphaerotheca disease, for example, caused by Sphaerotheca friginea;
Uncinula disease, for example, caused by Uncinula necator;
Rust disease, for example
Gymnosporangium disease, for example, caused by Gymnosporangium sabinae;
Caused by Hemileia disease, for example, Hemileia vasttrix;
Phakopsora disease, for example, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae;
Puccinia disease, for example, caused by Puccinia recondite and Puccinia triticina;
Uromyces disease, for example, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus;
Omycete disease, for example,
Bremia disease, for example, caused by Bremia lactucae;
Peronospora disease, for example, caused by Peronospora pisi and Peronospora brassicae;
Caused by Phytophthora disease, for example, Phytophthora infestans;
Plasmopara disease, for example, caused by Plasmopara viticola;
Pseudoperonospora disease, for example, caused by Pseudoperonospora humuli and Pseudoperonospora cubensis;
Pythium disease, for example, caused by Pythium ultimum;
Leaf spot, leaf blotch and leaf blight disease, eg, leaf spot, leaf blotch and leaf blight disease
Caused by Alternaria disease, for example, Alternaria solani;
Cercospora disease, for example, caused by Cercospora beticola;
Cladiosporium disease, for example, caused by Cladiosporium cucumerinum;
Cochliobolus disease, for example, caused by Cochliobols sativus (conidial form: Drechslera, synonym: Helminthosporum);
Colletotrichum disease, for example, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum;
Caused by Cycloconium disease, for example, Cycloconium oleaginum;
Diaporthe disease, for example, caused by Diaporthe citri;
Caused by Elsinoe disease, eg, Elsinoe faucetii;
Gloeosporium disease, for example, due to Gloeosporium laeticolol;
Glomerella disease, for example, caused by Glomerella singulata;
Guignardia disease, for example, caused by Guignardia bidwellii;
Leptopharia disease, for example, caused by Leptospherea maculans;
Magnaporthe disease, for example, caused by Magnaporthe grisea;
Mycosphaerella disease, for example, caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola and Mycosphaerella fijiensis;
Phaeosphaeria disease, for example, caused by Phaeosphaeria nodorum;
Pyrenophora disease, eg, caused by Pyrenophora teres;
Caused by Ramularia disease, for example, Ramularia coloro-cygni;
Caused by Rhynchosporium disease, for example, Rhynchosporium secalis;
Septoria disease, for example, caused by Septoria apii;
Typhra disease, for example, caused by Typhra incarnata;
Venturia disease, for example, caused by Venturia inaequalis;
Root- and stem disease, eg,
Corticium disease, for example, caused by Corticium graminearum;
Fusarium disease, for example, caused by Fusarium oxysporum;
Caused by Gaeumanomyces disease, for example, Gaeumanomyces graminis;
Rhizoctonia disease, for example, due to Rhizoctonia solani;
Oculimacula (Tapesia) disease, for example, caused by Oculimacula Tapesia acformis;
Thielabiopsis disease, for example, caused by Thielabiopsis basicola;
Ear and panic disease including corn cobs, for example
Alternaria disease, for example, caused by Alternaria spp .;
Aspergillus disease, for example, caused by Aspergillus flavus;
Cladosporium disease, for example, caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides;
Claviceps disease, for example, caused by Claviceps purpurea;
Fusarium disease, for example, caused by Fusarium culmorum;
Gibberella disease, for example, caused by Gibberella zeae;
Monographella disease, for example, caused by Monographella nivariis;
Smut- and bunt disease, for example
Sphaceloteca disease, for example, caused by Sphaceloteca reliana;
Tilletia disease, for example, caused by Tilletia caries;
Caused by Urocystis disease, eg, Urocystis occulta;
Ustylago disease, for example, due to Ustylago nuda;
Fruit rot and mould disease, for example,
Aspergillus disease, for example, caused by Aspergillus flavus;
Botrytis disease, for example, caused by Botrytis cinerea;
Penicillium disease, for example, caused by Penicillium expansum and Penicillium purpurogenum;
Sclerotinia disease, for example, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
Verticillium disease, for example, caused by Verticillium alboatrum;
Seed and soil borne, rot and damping-off disease
Alternaria disease, for example, caused by Alternaria brassicicola;
Aphanomyces disease, for example, caused by Aphanomyces euteiches;
Ascochita disease, for example, caused by Ascochita lentis;
Aspergillus disease, for example, caused by Aspergillus flavus;
Cladosporium disease, for example, caused by Cladosporium herbarum;
Caused by Cochliobolus disease, eg, Cochliobols sativus;
(Conidia form: Drechslera, Bipolaris aka Helminthsporium)
Colletotrichum disease, for example, caused by Colletotrichum coccodes;
Fusarium disease, for example, caused by Fusarium culmorum;
Gibberella disease, for example, caused by Gibberella zeae;
Caused by Macrophomina disease, such as Macrophomina phaseolina;
Monographella disease, for example, caused by Monographella nivariis;
Penicillium (penicillium) disease, for example, due to Penicillium expansum
Poma disease, for example, caused by Poma lingam;
Caused by Phomopsis disease, for example, Phomopsis sojae;
Phytophthora disease, for example, caused by Phytophthora cactrum;
Pyrenophora disease, for example, caused by Pyrenophora graminea;
Pyricularia disease, for example, caused by Pyricularia oryzae;
Pythium disease, for example, caused by Pythium ultimum;
Rhizoctonia disease, for example, due to Rhizoctonia solani;
Rhizopus disease, for example due to Rhizopus oryzae;
Sclerotium disease, for example, due to sclerotium rolfsii;
Septoria disease, for example due to Septoria nodorum;
Typhra disease, for example, caused by Typhra incarnata;
Due to Verticillium disease, for example Verticillium dahlia;
Ulcer disease, tendon fever disease and branch blight disease, for example
Nectria disease, for example, caused by Nectria galligena;
Blight disease, for example
Monilinear disease, for example, caused by Monilinia laxa;
Blister or cigar disease, including flower and fruit malformations, such as
Exobasidium disease, eg due to ***;
Taphrina disease, for example, caused by Taphrina deformans;
Decline disease of woody plants, for example
Esca disease, for example, due to Phaemononiella clamidospora, Phaeocremonium aleophilum, and Famiticia Mediterraneor
Flower and seed diseases, for example
Botrytis disease, for example, caused by Botrytis cinerea;
Tuber disease, for example
Rhizoctonia disease, for example, caused by Rhizoctonia solani;
Helmintosporium disease, for example, caused by Helmintosporium solani;
Diseases caused by bacterial organisms, for example
Xanthomonas genus, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae;
Pseudomonas species, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lacrymans;
Erwinia genus species, for example Erwinia amylovora.

The compounds according to the invention are preferably used to control the following soybean diseases:
Fungal diseases of leaves, upper stems, pods and seeds such as black spot disease (Alternaria spec. Atlans tenuisima), anthrax (Colletotricum gloaeporoides dematium varieties) var. truncatum), brown spot (Septria glycines), cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercospora kichne folia)・ Infunji Blifera Trispora (Choa ephora infundiblifera trispora (synonymous)), black sand disease (Dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica relexa) ), Spot disease (Cercospora sojina), freckle disease (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), dark brown spot (Philrostica sojaecola flock) Sojae (Pho mopsis sojae), powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa), Pyrenochaeta leaf spot, Pyrenochaeta gricines (Pyrenochaeta) disease, Focal disease (Rhizoctonia solani), rust disease (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), Phakopsora meibomies cereal (S) Lithium botryosum (brown), brown Ring-ring disease (Corynespora casicicola)
For example, fungal diseases of roots and stems caused by the following: black root rot (Calonetoria crotalariae), charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina)), red mold disease or wilt Diseases, root rots and rot and leaf rot (Fusarium oxysporum), Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semectum, Fusarium exemeti Leptodiscus root rot (mycoleptosix terestri) (Mycoletodiscus terrestris)), root rot (Neocosmospora vasinfecta), sunspot disease (Diaporte phasororum), stem blight (Diporte versio pau) , Plague (Phytophthora megasperma), deciduous disease (Phialophora gregata), rot (Pytium aphaniderratum i, Pulium aphidermatum, P Phythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia root rot, Stem rot and Rhizonia ranch Disease (Sclerotinia sclerotiol) Thielaviopsis basica).

  The active compound combinations / compositions according to the present invention are suitable for humans against fungal diseases such as fungal diseases, skin diseases, ringworm fungi diseases and candidiasis or diseases caused by Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus fumigatus or Aspergillus fumigatus It can also be used to prepare compositions useful for curative or prophylactic treatment of animals.

The active compound combinations / compositions of the present invention combine plants and plant organs in combination with the plants exhibiting good tolerance and the desired degree of toxicity to warm-blooded animals and the environment exhibiting good tolerance. Suitable for protection, suitable for increasing yields, suitable for improving the quality of harvests, as well as in agriculture, horticulture, in livestock, in forests, gardens and leisure Pests, especially insects, arachnids, helminths, nematodes and molluscs encountered in the facility, in the protection of stored products and material and in the field of hygiene Suitable for controlling animals. These can preferably be used as plant protection agents. They are effective against normal sensitive and resistant species and are active against all or some developmental stages. The pests include the following:
From the order of the Anoplura (Phythraptera), for example, Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognus sp. Ul. , Trichodictes spp .;
From the order of the Archnida, for example, Acarus siro, Aceria sheldoni, Acrops spp., Aculus spp., Amblus sp. ), Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia praethiosa, Chorioptes del. Dermanyssus gallinae), Eotetranichus spp., Epitrimerus pi (Epitrimerus pyri), Eutetranychus spp., Eriophies spp., Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomus spp., Hyalommus spp. ), Latrodectus mactans, Metatetranicus spp., Oligonychus spp., Ornithodos spp., P. y.・ Oley Bora (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyspus sp. (Scorpio maurus), Stenotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus spp., Vasates lycopersi;
From the order of the Bivalva, for example, Dreissena spp .;
From the order of the Chilopoda, for example, Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp .;
From the order of the Coleoptera, for example, Acanthocelides obectus, Adorethus spp., Agelastica alni, Agripotesol es Alice (Amphimalon solstitalis), Anobium puncatum, Anoplophora spp., Anthonyus sp., Anthony s. Atomaria spp. Attagenus spp., Bruchidius obectus, Bruchs spp., Ceutorhynus spp., Clenus genus (Cleus genus) ), Cosmopolites spp., Costelitra zelandica, Curculio spp., Cryptorhynus sp. D. (Diabrotica spp.) , Epilacna spp., Faustinus cubae, Gibium pylloides, Heteronychus ator, Hiramorpha elegans Hypera postica, Hypothenemus spp., Lachnosterna consanguinea, Leptinotarsa deseline telipolitaata (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), Rixus spp. ), Lyctus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha melolontha, Migdolus spp., Monp. (Naupactus xanthographus), Niptus hololeucus, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzae physus olus thioss etonia jucunda), Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllophaly spp., Polilia japonica, Premnotrips spp. Ptinus spp.), Rhizobius ventralis, Rhizoperta dominica, Sitophilus spp., Sphenophorus spneus spneus spneus spne. p.), Symphyletes spp., Tenebrio molitor, Tribolium spp., Trogoderma spp., Typous sp. Species (Xylotrechus spp.), Zabrus spp .;
From the order of the Collembola, for example, Onychiurus armatus;
From the order of the Dermaptera, for example, Forficula auricularia;
From the order of the Diplopoda, for example, Blaniulus gutulatus;
From the order of the Diptera, for example, Aedes spp., Anofeles spp., Bibio horturanus, Caliphora erythrocephaliter ceritia cera ceritata , Chrysomyia spp., Cochliomyia spp., Cordyobia anthropophaga, Culex spp., Cuterae sp. oleae), Dermatvia Hominis (Der atobia hominis, Drosophila spp., Fannia spp., Gastrophilus spp., Hylemyia spp., Hiposbo sp. Hypoderma spp., Lilyomiza spp., Lucilia spp., Musca spp., Nezara spp., Oestru sp. spp.), Oscinella frit, Pegomia hyoscami, Phorbia s species pp.), Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Tipula paldosa, Wolfalhrspia spp.
From the order of the Gastropoda, for example, Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba sp. spp.), Limnaea spp., Oncomellania spp., Succinea spp .;
Zenchuu leash (Helminths), for example, Anshirosutoma-Zuodenare (Ancylostoma duodenale), Anshirosutoma-Seiranikumu (Ancylostoma ceylanicum), Ashirosutoma brasiliensis down cis (Acylostoma braziliensis), Anshirosutoma species (Ancylostoma spp.), Ascaris Ruburikoidesu (Ascaris lubricoides ), Ascaris spp., Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostom spp., Cabertia spp. is spp.), Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp, Dictyocaulus filaria num, Diphyllobulus rumula Granulosus (Echinococcus granulosus), Echinococcus multilocularis, Enterobius vermicularis, Faciola spm. hus spp.), Heterakis spp., Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa Loa, Nematos p. Oesophagostomum spp., Opistorchis spp., Onchocerca volvulus, Ostertagia spp., Paragonomus sp. (Schistosomen spp.), Strongylides Feeleborni (Strongyl) ides fuelleborni), stolons Giroi Death Suterukorarisu (Strongyloides stercoralis), Sutoroniroidesu species (Stronyloides spp. ), Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Trichinella spiris, Trichinella natiba, Trichinella nitiva Trichinella pseudopodillaris, Tricholongulus spp., Trichris trichuria, Ucherelia bancherfia bucherceria.

Furthermore, protozoa such as Eimeria can also be controlled.
From the order of the Heteroptera, for example, Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp. Campylomma libida), Caverelius spp., Cimex spp., Creontiades dilutus, Dasynus piperis, Dychno ps Hewechi (Diconocoris hetetti), Gyderdelcus spp. (Dy Dercus spp.), Euschistus spp., Eurygaster spp., Heliopeltis spp., Horcias nobile sp., L. sp.・ Phylopus (Leptoglossus phyllopus), Ligus spp., Macropes excavatus, Miridae, Nezara spp., Oe b. ), Piesma quadra ta), Piezodorus spp., Psalus seriatus, Pseudacysta persea, cod sul, Sul sul, sul spp.), Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp .;
From the order of the Homoptera, for example, Acylthosipon spp., Aeneolamia spp., Agonocena spp. barodensis), Aleulotris spp., Amrasca spp., Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp., aphino g. Genus species (Aphis spp.), Alboridia apicalis Arboridia apicalis, Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., Atanus spp., Auracortum solani, sp. Helichrysi (Brachycaudus helichrysiii), Brachycorus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Calliponona marugina, acuna lanigera), Serukopidae (Cercopidae), Seropurasutesu species (Ceroplastes spp.), Kaetoshifon-Furagaehorii (Chaetosiphon fragaefolii), Kionasupisu-Tegarenshisu (Chionaspis tegalensis), Kurorita-Onukii (Chlorita onukii), Kuromafisu Ju grunge Kola (Chromaphis juglandicola ), Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Coccomitilus halli, Coccus spp. ), Cryptomyzus ribis, Dalbulus spp., Dialeurodes spp., Diaphorina spp., Diaspis sp. Doralis spp.), Drosica spp., Dysapis spp., Dysmicoccus spp., Empoaska spp., Eriosoma o, Eriosp. Erythroneura spp., Eucelis bilobatus, Geocox coff Geoecoccus coffeae, Homalogisca coagulata, Hyalopters arundinis, Iceria spp., Idiocerus sp. Delfax striatellus, Lecanium spp., Lepidosaphes spp., Lipapis erysimi, um. a fimbriata, Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella spp., Mesopolophium dirhodum, Monelia costolis (M). spp.), Nasonovia ribisnigri, Nehotetix spp., Nilaparvatta lugens, Oncomtopapia sp. ), Orthesia praelonga, Parabemisia myricae, Paratriosa spp. Maidis), Phenococcus spp., Phloeomysus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phyloxera spp. Species (Planococcus spp.), Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pseudaula cuscus pentagona, Pseudocopus sp., Pseudococcus spp. Genus species (Pteromalus spp.), Pirilla spp., Quadra spidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp. (Rhopalosiphum spp.), Saisettia spp. p. spp.), Stictocephala festina, Tenaraphala malaensis, Tinocaralis ariaefoliae, Toma sp. sp. ), Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes vapariorum, Trioza spp., Typlociba spp., Unpi spp. Viteus vitifolii);
From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example, Diprion spp., Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium phalaonis V, espa .);
From the order of the Isopoda, for example, Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber;
From the order of the Isoptera, for example, Reticulitermes spp., Odontotermes spp .;
From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example, Acronica major, Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp., Alabama argiacea, Alabama algaear. ), Barathra brassicae, Buchlatrix turberiella, Bupulas pinialus, Cakoesia podanaca, Pacana papana, Cacaecia podana apsa pomonella, Keimatobia burumata, Chilo spp., Choristoneura fumifera, Clicia ambigella (Clyssiaura sp.) Earias insulana), Ephestia kuehniella, Euprotitis chrysorhoea, Eloa spp. a), Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis spp., Hofmanophila pseudospritella, Homomana mampima (Laphygma spp.), Lithocholletis blankardella, Lithophane antennata, Loxagrotis albicosta (Loxagrotis albicosta sp.), ), Malacosoma neustria, Mamestra brassicae, Mocis repanda, e.m., O.m., O.m. , Panolis flamea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Phylocnistis citrola, Propis terra, Pieris spp. , Pseudaletia spp., Pseudoplusia inludens, Pyrausta nuesialis, Spodoptera tsp. pellionella), Tineola bisselliella, Tortricix viridana, Trichoplusia spp .;
From the order of the Orthoptera, for example, Acheta domesticus, Blatta orientalis, Bratella germanica, Grylotalpha de M. Locusta spp., Melanoplus spp., Periplaneta americana, Sistocerca gregaria;
From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example, Ceratophyllus spp., Xenopsila cheopes;
From the order of the Symphyla, for example, Scutigerella immaculata;
From the order of the Thysanoptera, for example, Variotrips biformis, Enneotrips flavens, Sp., P. femalalis), Kakotrips spp., Ripiforotrips cruentus, Scitotrips spp., Taenio thrips sp. Ripusu species (Thrips spp.);
From the order of the Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.

  Examples of plant parasitic nematodes include the following: Anguina spp., Apherenchoides spp., Belonoaimus spp., Bursa ferre Bursaphelenchus spp., Dityrenchus dipsaci, Globodera spp., Heliocotyrenchus spp., Heterodelde sp. Longidorus spp.), Meloidogyne spp., Platylencus spp. chus spp.), Radophorus similis, Rotylenchus spp., Trichodorus spp., Tylenchorinchus spl. Tyrenchulus semipenetran, Xifinema spp.

The active compound combinations according to the invention are not only for pests of plants, hygiene and storage products, but also for ticks (hard ticks), soft ticks (mite mites), mite mites (Leaf mites), flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, feather lice and fleas It is also effective against animal parasites (ectoparasites and endoparasites) in the field of science. These parasites can include the following:
From the order of the Anoplurida, for example, Haematopinus spp., Linognatus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtilus spp. spp.);
From the order of the Mallophagida and the order of the Ambricerina and Ischnocerina, for example, Trimenopon spp., Menopon sp. Bobicola spp., Wernekiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damarina spp., Trichodectes spp. spp.);
From the order of the fly order (Diptera) and Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example, Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Crex spp. Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomia spp., Clicoides spp., Clicoides spp. Chrysops spp.), Hybomitra spp., Atyrotus spp., Tabanus sp. (Tab) nus spp.), Haematopota spp., Philippomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca spp., Hydroca sp. ay d Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morelia spp., Fannia spp., Grossina spp., Califora sp. spp.), Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Wolfahrtia spp. , Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp., Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobospo sp. (Lipoptena spp.), Melophagus spp .;
From the order of the Siphonapterida, for example, Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp., Ceratophyllus sp.
From the order of the Heteropterida, for example, Chimex spp., Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrungylus spp.
From the order of the Brattarida, for example, Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica, Spella sp.
From the order of the Acari (Acarina) and Metastigmatata and Mesostigmatata, for example, Argas spp., Ornithodorus spp. ), Ixodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemospalis sp. Hyaloma spp., Lipipephalus spp., Delmanius sp. (D ermanyssus spp.), Raillietia spp., Pneumonysus spp., Sternostoma spp., Barroa spp .;
From the order of the Actinoedida (Prostigmata) and the Acaridida (Astigmata), for example, Acarapis spp., Cheeletia Species (Ornithocheyletia spp.), Myobia spp., Psorergates spp., Demodex spp., Trombiculospropus sp. spp.), Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp .), Caloglyphus spp., Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Corioptes sp. Species (Otodeses spp.), Sarcoptes spp., Notoeedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp. ).

  The active compound combinations / compositions according to the invention are also parasitic on agricultural productive livestock such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalos, rabbits, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese and honey bees. Arthropods parasitizing other pets such as arthropods, dogs, cats, eagle birds and fish tanks, and arthropods parasitizing so-called laboratory animals such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice Suitable for controlling. By controlling these arthropods, the number of animal deaths is reduced, and the productivity (productivity in meat, milk, wool, leather, eggs, honey, etc.) is reduced. Accordingly, the use of the active compound of the present invention enables a more economical and easier livestock industry.

  The active compound combinations / compositions according to the invention are known in the veterinary field and in the animal husbandry in a known manner, for example tablets, capsules, potions, drenches, granules. By intestinal administration in the form of pastes, large pills, feedthroughs and suppositories, and by injection (intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, etc.) and implants, etc. By parenteral administration, as well as by intranasal administration, and transdermally used, for example, in the form of dipping or bathing, spraying, pour-on and spot-on, washing and powdering As well as molded articles containing the active compound, such as collars, ear tags, tail tags, Band (limb bands), halters, halters, marking devices and the like used.

  When used in livestock, poultry, pets, etc., the active compound combination is a formulation containing the active compound in an amount of 1 to 80% by weight (eg, powder, emulsion, free-flowing composition, etc.) Can be used directly, or can be used after diluting 100 to 10,000 times, or they can be used as a medicinal bath.

  Furthermore, it has been found that the active compound combinations according to the invention exhibit a strong insecticidal action against insects that destroy industrial materials.

The following insects may be mentioned by way of example and as preferred but not in any way limiting:
Coleoptera (beetles), for example, Hirotorupesu-Bajurusu (Hylotrupes bajulus), Kurorohorusu-Piroshisu (Chlorophorus pilosis), Anobiumu-Punkutatsumu (Anobium punctatum), Kisesutobiumu-Rufobirosumu (Xestobium rufovillosum), Puchirinusu-Pekuchikorunisu (Ptilinus pecticornis), Dendrobium Pertinekis (Dendrobium pertinex), Ernovius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus rnicus us), Lykutus pranicollis, Lycusus linearis, Lycustus pescens, Trogoxylon aequare (Trogoxylon aequile) ), Tripodendron spec., Apate monachus, Bostrychus capuchins, Heterobostrus bruneus sp. . C), Jinoderusu-Minutsusu (Dinoderus minutus);
Hymenopterons such as Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus, Urocerus ur
Termites such as Carotermes flavicollis, Cryptothermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola, Reticulimes flaviter sulter Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes lucifugus, Mastothermes darwiniensis, Zotermopsis nevadensis nezodensisne , Koputoterumesu Formosa Taunus (Coptotermes formosanus);
Bristles, for example, Lepisma saccharina.

  In the context of the present invention, industrial materials are understood to mean non-biological materials such as, for example, preferably plastics, adhesives, sizes, paper and cardboard, leather, wood and processed wood products, and paints. Is done.

  The ready-to-use composition may include another insecticide, if appropriate, and, if appropriate, one or more fungicides. Can be made.

  With respect to possible additional additives, reference may be made to the insecticides and fungicides mentioned above.

  The active compound combinations / compositions of the present invention are further used to protect those in contact with seawater or freshwater, such as hulls, screens, nets, buildings, mooring equipment and signaling systems from deposits. You can also

  Furthermore, the active compound combinations / compositions of the present invention can be used as antifouling agents alone or in combination with another active compound.

The active compound combinations / compositions are also suitable for controlling harmful animals in the home, in hygiene and in the protection of stored products, in particular in residences, factory corridors, offices and vehicle cabins, etc. It is also suitable for controlling insects, arachnids and ticks found in closed spaces. They can be used alone or in combination with other active compounds and adjuvants in household insecticide products for controlling the pests. They are effective against sensitive and resistant species and are also effective against all growth stages. These pests include the following:
From the order of the Scorpionidea, for example, Bustus ocitanus;
From the order of the Acarina, for example, Argas persicus, Argas reflexus, Bryobia ssp., Dermanissus gallinae, glynae Ornithodorus moubat, Ripicephalus sanguinus, Trombicula alfreddussi, Neutrombula maduramuto Ronishimusu (Dermatophagoides pteronissimus), Dermatophagoides Death Forinae (Dermatophagoides forinae);
From the order of the Araneae, for example, Avicularidae, Araneidae;
From the order of the Opiliones, for example, Pseudoscorpiones chelifer, Pseudoscorpiones cheiridium, Opiliones phalangium;
From the order of the Isopoda, for example, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber;
From the order of the Diplopoda, for example, Blaniulus gutulatus, Polydesmus spp .;
From the order of the Chilopoda, for example, Geophilus spp .;
From the order of the Zygentoma, for example, Ctenolepisma spp., Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus;
From the order of the cockroach, for example, Blatta orientalies, Bratella germanica, Bratella asahiai, P. aphrae. , Parcobrata spp., Periplaneta australasiae, Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta P., Periplaneta p. a fuliginosa), Spela-Rongiparupa (Supella longipalpa);
From the order of the Saltatoria, for example, Acheta domesticus;
From the order of the Dermaptera, for example, Forficula auricularia;
From the order of the Isoptera, for example, Kalotermes spp., Reticulitermes spp .;
From the order of the Psocoptera, for example, Lepinatus spp., Liposcelis spp .;
From the order of the Coleptera, for example, Anthrenus spp., Atagenus spp., Dermestes spp., Latheticus oryzae, N. sp. ), Ptinus spp., Rhizopertha dominica, Sitophilus umte, Sitofilus zei, Sitofilus zei, );
From the order of the Diptera, for example, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes taenorhynchus, Aph. erythrocephala), Chrysozona pluvialis, Crex quinquefasciatus, Culex pipiens, sp. Claris (Fannia canicularis), Musca domestica, Phlebotomus spp., Sarcophaga carnaria (Simulicium spisto), Simulium sp. Chipula pardosa;
From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example, Acroia grisella, Galleria melonella, Plodia interpuntella, Tinea pelena , Tineola bisselliella;
From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example, Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Plex irritans, Tunga penetrance, et al. (Xenopsilla cheope);
From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example, Camponotus herculaneus, Lasius friginosus, Lasius niger (Lasius niger, Lasius umus Paravespula spp., Tetramorium caespitum;
From the order of the Anoplura, for example, Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus corpolis, Pemphigus sp., Pemphigus sp.・ Phithus pubis;
From the order of the Heteroptera, for example, Simex hemipterus, Simex lectularius, Rhodinus prolixus, Triatoma infestans a.

  These can be used alone or in the household insecticide field, or with another suitable active compound such as phosphate esters, carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, growth regulators or other Used in combination with an active compound or the like selected from known classes of insecticides.

  These are aerosol products, non-pressurized spray products such as pump sprays and spray sprays, automatic fogging systems, evaporator products with evaporator tablets made of foam, gel, cellulose or polymer. Used in liquid evaporators, gel and membrane evaporators, propeller driven evaporators, energy-free or passive evaporation systems, moth papers, moth bags and moth gels, Alternatively, it is used as a granule or powder in a baits for spreading or used at a bait station.

  Furthermore, the combinations and compositions according to the invention are used to reduce the mycotoxin content in plants and harvested plant materials and thus in foods and animal feed materials made from these materials. You can also.

In particular, the following mycotoxins may be specified, but not only:
Deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2- and HT2-toxins, fumonisin, zearalenone moniliformin, fusarin, diacetoxysylpenol (DAS), beauvericine, enniatin ( Enniatine), Fusaroproliferin, Fusarenol, Ochratoxin, Patulin, ergot alkaloids and aflatoxins, such as the following fungal diseases: Fusarium specium, for example Fusarium acminatum, F. F. avenaceum, F. F. crookwellense, F. F. culmorum, F. F. graminearum (Gibberella zeae), F. F. equiseti, F. F. Fujikoroi, F. Fujikoroi F. musarum, F. musarum F. oxysporum, F. F. proliferatorum, F. proliferatum F. poae, F. F. pseudograminearum, F. F. sambucinum, F. Sirpi (F, sirpi), F.M. F. semitectum, F. F. solani, F. F. sporotrichoides, F. F. langsethiae, F. F. subglutinans, F. F. tricinctum, F. Caused by F. verticilioides, Aspergillus spec., Penicillium spec., Claviceps purpure, and stachytris species b. .

  In the examples below, a very good fungicide effect of the combination or composition according to the invention is shown. While single active compounds exhibit weakness in their fungicidal efficacy, their combinations or compositions exhibit an effect that exceeds the sum of each compound's efficacy alone.

The fungicide efficacy of the combination or composition according to the invention is determined by R. If it exceeds the expected potency of a combination of two or three active compounds according to Colby ("Calculation of the synthetic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22) There is a working effect, which is calculated as follows:
X is the potency observed for compound (A) at a defined dose (m ppm);
Y is the potency observed for compound (B) at a defined dose (n ppm);
Z is the potency observed for compound (C) at a defined dose (r ppm);
E1 is the potency observed for combined compound (A) and compound (B) at defined doses m and n ppm;
If E2 is the potency observed for combined compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) at defined doses m, n and r ppm,
The Colby equation can be defined as shown below for a binary mixture:

また、三元混合物については：

And for ternary mixtures:

  The degree of efficacy is expressed as a percentage. 0% means efficacy corresponding to that for the control, while 100% efficacy means that no disease is observed.

  If the actual observed bactericidal effect exceeds the expected potency calculated using the Colby equation, the combination or composition is superadditive, i.e., it can observe a synergistic effect. it can.

  The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Pyricularia oryzae test (rice) / prophylactic solvent: 50 parts by weight N, N-dimethylformamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound is mixed with the above amounts of solvent and emulsifier and the resulting concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

  To test for prophylactic activity, young plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of Pyricularia oryzae. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at 25 ° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity.

  Evaluation of the test is performed 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means efficacy corresponding to the control, 100% efficacy means no disease is observed.

Blumeria test (barley) / 5 days prophylactic solvent: 50 parts by weight N, N-dimethylacetamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable preparation of active compounds Part by weight of the active compound or active compound combination is mixed with the above amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the resulting concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

  To test for prophylactic activity, seedlings are sprayed with the active compound or active compound combination preparation at the stated application rates.

  After 5 days of application by spraying, the plants are subjected to blumeria graminis f. sp. Sprinkle spores of Boulderia graminis f. Sp.

  The plant is placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 20 ° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 80% to promote the development of warts from powdery mildew.

  Evaluation of the test is performed 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means efficacy corresponding to the control, 100% efficacy means no disease is observed.

Formula for the potency of a combination of two compounds The predicted potency of a given combination of two compounds is calculated as follows (Colby, SR “Calculating Synthetic Responses of Herbicide Combinations”: , Weeds 15, pp. 20-22, 1967):
X is the potency of test compound A at a concentration of m ppm, each in mg / ha, expressed in% loss of untreated control,
Y is the potency of test compound B at a concentration of n ppm each of ng / ha, expressed in percent of untreated control withered,
Z is the potency of test compound C at a concentration of o ppm each of o g / ha, expressed in% of the untreated control withering amount,
If E is the potency expressed as% of untreated control wilting using A, B and C at m, n and o ppm respectively m, n and o g / ha,

である。

It is.

  If the pesticide efficacy observed for the combination of the two compounds exceeds the pesticide efficacy calculated as “E”, the combination of the two compounds is more than additive, ie synergistic. An effect exists.

Heliothis armigera test solvent: 7 parts by weight dimethylformamide emulsifier: 2 parts by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound Mix with emulsifier and dilute the resulting concentrate with water containing emulsifier to the desired concentration.

  Soybean (Glycine max) leaves are treated by spraying with a preparation of the active compound at the desired concentration, and parasites of cotton boll worm (Heliothis armigera) are infested while the leaves are still moist.

  After the specified period, find the mortality rate (%). 100% means that all tobacco larvae have been killed; 0% means that none of the tobacco larvae have been killed.

  According to the present application, for example in the test the following combinations show a synergistic effect compared to a single compound:

Nilaparvata lugens test solvent: 7 parts by weight dimethylformamide emulsifier: 2 parts by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound Mix with solvent and emulsifier and dilute the resulting concentrate with water containing emulsifier to the desired concentration.

  Larvae of brown plant hoppers (Brown plant hoppers) (Nilaparvata lugens) while treating the rice plant (Oryza sativa) by spraying with a preparation of the active compound of the desired concentration Infest.

  After the specified period, find the mortality rate (%). 100% means that all brown planthopper larvae have been killed; 0% means that none of the planthopper larvae have been killed.

  According to the present application, for example in the test the following combinations show a synergistic effect compared to a single compound:

Phaedon cochleariae Test solvent: 7 parts by weight dimethylformamide emulsifier: 2 parts by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound Mix with solvent and emulsifier and dilute the resulting concentrate with water containing emulsifier to the desired concentration.

  Treat cabbage (Brassica oleracea) leaves by spraying with a preparation of active compound at the desired concentration and infest the larvae of mustard beetle (Phaedon cochleariae) while the leaves are still wet .

  After the specified period, find the mortality rate (%). 100% means that all mustard beetle larvae have been killed; 0% means that no mustard beetle larvae have been killed.

  According to the present application, for example in the test the following combinations show a synergistic effect compared to a single compound:

Spodoptera frugiperda test solvent: 7 parts by weight dimethylformamide emulsifier: 2 parts by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether In order to produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound The resulting concentrate is diluted with water containing the emulsifier to obtain the desired concentration.

  Treat cabbage (Brassica oleracea) leaves by immersing them in a preparation of the active compound of the desired concentration, while the leaves are still moist, larvae of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Make it parasitic.

  After the specified period, find the mortality rate (%). 100% means that all larvae are dead, and 0% means that none of the larvae are dead.

  According to the present application, for example in the test the following combinations show a synergistic effect compared to a single compound:

Claims (12)

(A) 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazolecarboxamide and (B) imidacloprid and (C) etiprol, fipronil, thiacloprid, spinosad, tifluzamide, (S) -3-chloro -N1- {2-methyl-4- [1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl] phenyl} -N2- (1-methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl) phthalamide, N- Selected from the group of fungicides and insecticide active compounds consisting of [2- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) phenyl] -5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide; A combination comprising one additional active compound.   The combination according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio between any two components (A), (B) or (C) is independently from 1: 100 to 100: 1.   The composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an adjuvant, a solvent, a carrier, a surfactant or a bulking agent.   Claims by application to seed, plant propagation material, plant, or to the fruit of the plant, or to soil in which the plant is growing or where it is desired to grow. A method for curatively or prophylactically controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or microorganisms and / or pests of plants or crops, comprising the use of the fungicide and / or insecticide composition according to 3.   The method according to claim 4, comprising the step of applying the compounds (A), (B) or (C) simultaneously or sequentially.   The amount of the combination / composition according to claim 1 or 2 is from 0.1 g / ha to 10 kg / ha for foliage and soil treatment and from 2 to 200 g / 100 kg seed for seed treatment. Or the method according to 5.   Use of the combination according to claim 1 for treating seed.   Use according to claim 7, for the treatment of transgenic seed.   A method for protecting seeds and / or shoots and foliage of plants grown from said seeds from damage caused by pests or fungi, comprising the step of treating unseeded seeds according to the combination of claim 1.   The method according to claim 9, wherein the seed is treated simultaneously with compounds (A), (B) and (C).   The method according to claim 10, wherein the seed is treated separately with compounds (A), (B) and (C).   Seed that has been treated with a combination according to claim 1.