JP2010531333A - ヒトを除く哺乳類動物の心不全の治療用組成物および治療方法 - Google Patents
ヒトを除く哺乳類動物の心不全の治療用組成物および治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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Images
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Abstract
Description
獣医学では心不全の重症度はISACHC(国際小型動物心臓健康協会)の分類に従うとその症状に応じて3つのクラスに分類される。クラスIはいわゆる無症候群で、例えば心臓のざわめきまたは心臓肥大のような心臓障害のサインがある単に検出可能であるものである。クラスIIは穏やかまたは中度心不全に対応する心不全で努力後のうっ血性の症状の発生によって検出される。クラスIIIは進行したまたは重度の心不全に対応し、安静時でも臨床症状が見られ、腹水および肺浮腫の存在を伴う。
(1)腎臓でナトリウムおよび水の逆吸収と、カリウムおよびマグネシウムの排出とを刺激する。その結果はvolemyの増加である。
(2)心臓上および導管で直接作用して心筋および脈管内皮の組織のリモデリングし、心筋の線維を発達させる。これらの効果はアルドステロンが、ミネラルコルチコイドレセプターへの結合形成に依存する。
上記の式(I)に属するスピロノラクトン型化合物の例を下記に示す。これらの化合物の製造方法は公知であり、下記特許文献1(米国特許第US4,129,564号明細書に記載されている。
3-オキソ-7α-プロピオニルチオ-4,15-アンドロスタジエン-[17(β-1')−スピロ5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
6β,7β-メチレン-3-オキソ−4,15-アンドロスタジエン-[l7(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
15α,16α-メチレン-3-オキソ-4,7α-プロピオニルチオ-4−アンドロステン[17(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
6β、7β、15α、16α-ジエチレン-3-オキソ-4-アンドロステン[17(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
7α-アセチルチオ-15β、16β−メチレン-3-オキソ-4-アンドロステン−[17(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
15β、16β-メチレン-3-オキソ-7ss-プロピオニルチオ-4-アンドロステン−[17(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
6β,7β,15β,16β-ジメチレン-3-オキソ-4-アンドロステン-[17(β-1')−スピロ-5'] ペルヒドロフラン-2'-オン、
10,13-ジメチルスピロ[2,8,9,11,12,14,15,l6-オクタヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[α]フェナントレン-l7,5-オキソラン]-2',3-ジオン(カンレノン)
このファミリに属する化合物の例は1α-アセチルチオ−15β、16β−メチレン-7α−メチルチオ-3-オキソ-17α−プレグン-4-エン-21,17-カルボラクトンおよび15β、16β-メチレン−1α,7α-ジメチルチオ-3-オキソ-17α-プレグン−4-エン-21、17-カルボラクトンである。
例としては下記が挙げられる:
3β、21-ジヒドロキシ-l7α-プレグナ-5,l5-ジエン-l7-カルボキシルy−ラクトン酸、
3β、21-ジヒドロキシ-l7α-プレグナ-5,l5-ジエン-l7-カルボキシルラクトン3-アセテート酸、
3β、21-ジヒドロキシ-l7α-プレグナ-5-エン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
3β、21-ジヒドロキシ-l7α-プレグナ-5-エン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン3-アセテート酸、
21-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-l7α-プレグナ-4-エン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
21-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-l7α-プレグナ-4,6-ジエン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
21−ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-l7α-プレグナ1,4-ジエン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
7α-アシルチオ-21-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-l7α-プレグナ-4-エン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
7α-アセチルチオ-21−ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-l7α-プレグナ-4-エン-17-カルボキシルγ-ラクトン酸、
7α-アセチルチオ-17α-(2-カルボキシシエチル)-17β-ヒドロキシ−アンドロスト-4-エン-3-オン ラクトン、
7α-アセチルチオ-17α-(2-カルボキシシエチル)-17β-ヒドロキシ−アンドロスト-4-エン-3-オン ラクトン、
lα,7α-ジアセチルチオ-17α-(2-カルボキシエチル)-l7ss-ヒドロキシ−アンドロスト-4,6-ジエン-3-オン ラクトン、7α-アセチルチオ-17α-(2-カルボキシエチル)-17β-ヒドロキシ-アンドロスト-1,4-ジエン-3-オン ラクトン、7α-アセチルチオ17α-(2-カルボキシエチル)-17β-ヒドロキシ-19-ノアンドロスト-4-エン-3-オン ラクトン、
7α-アセチルチオ-17α-(2-カルボキシエチル)-17β-ヒドロキシ-6α-メチルアンドロスト-4-エン-3-オン ラクトン
(ここで、BW=体重である)
これから、クリアランス(Cl)または物質の原形質精製係数すなわち単位時間に所定体積の動脈血漿が所定物質を完全に除去する能力は下記の式で推論される:
Cl=0.5291×BW0.5408
この相対式を用いて重量が70kgおよび10kgのヒトおよびイヌのそれぞれのクリアランスが計算される。クリアランスの計算結果は[表1]に示してある。
ラベルル化したスピロノラクトン(22−14Cスピロノラクトン)を使用し、種が異なるラット、イヌおよびサルに経口投与した時のスピロノラクトンの薬理学的研究を行なった。結果は[図1]に対数関数曲線の形で示してある。スピロノラクトンを経口投与した後の4時間後に血漿中の放射活性の上昇百分比が上がることを示している:ラット(66%)、イヌ(76%)、サル(33%)。
[表3]はスピロノラクトンの投与量を0.8mg/kg、2mg/kgおよび8mg/kgにした時に得られたカンレノンの薬理生理学的パラメータを示す。各投与量での見かけのクリアランスは26±8L/kg/h-1であった。
[図2]は15匹のイヌにカンレノンを経口で0.8mg/kg、2mg/kgおよび8mg/kgの投与量で投与した後のカンレノンの血漿濃度の時間を関数とした半対数グラフを表す。カンレノン濃度は投与後、5〜6時間まで検出された。これらの3つの曲線は平行な終末スロープを示した。AUCカンレノン値は427±307、1099±358および4794±1393μg.h.L-1であった。Cmaxの場合、対応値は30.9±18.3、74.7±23.9および261.9±53.8μg/Lであった。
2mg/kg/日の投与量のスピロノラクトンとIEC(例えばベナゼプリルまたはエナラプリルのクロロハイドレート)とで治療した時の長期的効果(14〜15ヵ月、3年)を調べるために心不全を患ったイヌで臨床研究を実施した。
さらに、スピロノラクトン投与グループのイヌには咳および活動度のような症状の改善が観測され、呼吸困難、肺の水腫、効果寛容性の維持も観察された。対照グループではこれらの臨床症状が全て強く、より大きな劣化を示した。
治療の間、血漿カリウム濃度(mmol/L)を測定した。ヒトおよびイヌでは通常は利尿作用のある投与量の2mg/kg/日のスピロノラクトンを毎日投与したが、イヌではカリウム血症は変化しないかわずかにカリウム血症への遷移を示した。以前に行なった臨床研究でのカリウム血症の測定値の結果を[表5]に示してある。低度または中度の高カリウム血症が時々観測され、これらのイベントは遷移状態である。すなわち、これらの高カリウム血症が観測されたのは検査した一組のみである。そのいくつかは治療の始めのDl日目に観察された。
Claims (18)
- アルドステロン拮抗薬と、び薬学的に許容されるビヒクルとから成る心不全を患うヒト以外の哺乳類被検者の治療用獣医学組成物において、
アルドステロン拮抗薬が1mg/kg/日以上かつ5mg/kg/日以下の治療有効量として存在し、一回の投与量が1.5〜5mg/kg/日、1.8〜5mg/kg/日、1.5〜3mg/kg/日、1.5〜4mg/kg/日、好ましくは2〜5mg/kg/日、より好ましくは約2mg/kg/日または約4mg/kg/日であることを特徴とする組成物。 - アルドステロン拮抗薬がスピロノラクトン型化合物、例えばスピロノラクトン、エプレノン(eplerenone)およびこれら化合物の誘導体またはメタボライトの中から選択される請求項1に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 心不全の治療用の少なくとも一つの標準治療法と一緒に使用される請求項1または2に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 標準治療法がアンギオテンシン変換酵素インヒビター、アンギオテンシンIIのAT−1-レセプターンタゴニスト、イノトロープ(inotropes)、イノジラトール(inodilators)、血管拡張剤、利尿剤、ジギタル(digitalic)医薬、β遮断剤およびカルシウムアンタゴニストの中から選択される化合物の少なくとも一つである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- アンギオテンシン変換酵素インヒビターが約0.1〜0.6mg/kg/日、好ましくは約0.25〜0.5mg/kg/日の治療有効量で存在する請求項4に記載の獣医学組成物。
- アンギオテンシン変換酵素インヒビターがアラセプリル、ベナゼプリル(benazepril)、カプトプリル、シラザプリル(cilazapril)、デラプリル(delapril)、エナラプリル、エナラプリラート、フォシノプリル(fosinopril)、フォシノプリラ(fosinoprilat)、イミダプリル(imidapril)、イデラプリル(idrapril)、リシノプリル、ペリンドプリル(perindopril)、クイナプリル(quinapril)、ラミプリル(ramipril)、サ酢酸サラシン、ペリンドロピラ(perindropilat)、テモカプリル(temocapril)、トランドラプリル(trandolapril)、セラナプリル(ceranapril)、モエキシプリル(moexipril)、キナプリラ(quinaprilat)、スピラプリラ(spirapril)、これらの化合物の薬学的許容される塩またはエステルの中から選択される請求項4または5に記載の獣医学組成物。
- ベナゼプリル(benazepril)の投与量が0.25mg/kg/日で、エナラプリルの投与量が0.5mg/kg/日である請求項6に記載の獣医学組成物。
- イノトロープ(inotropes)またはイノジラトール(inodilators)がピモィンダン(pimobendane)またはレボシメンダン(levosimendane)の中から選択される請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- ピモィンダン(pimobendane)またはレボシメンダン(levosimendane)が治療有効量存在する請求項8に記載の獣医学組成物。
- ピモィンダン(pimobendane)またはレボシメンダン(levosimendane)が経口または注射で投与される請求項8または9に記載の獣医学組成物。
- アルドステロン拮抗薬が、2mg/kg/日の投与量で単独で投与されるスピロノラクトンであるか、および/または、有効量のアンギオテンシン変換酵素インヒビターと一緒か、および/または、有効量のピモィンダン(pimobendane)またはレボシメンダン(levosimendane)と一緒に投与される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 心不全を患う前記被検者がペット、例えばイヌ、ネコまたはウマの中から選択される請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 経口、経鼻、皮内、経口経皮または非経口で投与される形をした請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 溶液、懸濁液、固形物または半固体、粉末、球、カプセル、顆粒、糖衣錠、液体、ピル、ゲル、噴霧剤、錠剤、ペースト、注射約またはゲルの形をした請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の獣医学組成物。
- 1mg/kg/日以上かつ5mg/kg/日以上で、1.5〜5mg/kg/日、1.8〜5mg/kg/日、1.5〜4mg/kg/日、1.5〜3mg/kg/日、好ましくは2〜5mg/kg/日、より好ましくは約2mg/kg/日または4mg/kg/日であるアルドステロン拮抗薬の毎日の投与量を含む少なくとも一つの区画を有する心不全を患うヒト以外の哺乳類被検者の治療用獣医学キット。
- アルドステロン拮抗薬がスピロノラクトン型化合物、例えばスピロノラクトン、エプレノン(eplerenone)およびこれら化合物の誘導体またはメタボライトの中から選択され、さらに、アンギオテンシン変換酵素インヒビター、アンギオテンシンIIのAT−1-レセプターンタゴニスト、イノトロープ(inotropes)、イノジラトール(inodilators)、血管拡張剤、利尿剤、ジギタル(digitalic)医薬、β遮断剤および/またはカルシウムアンタゴニストの中から選択される化合物の中から選択される心不全治療用の標準治療薬の毎日の投与量を含む区画を有する請求項15に記載のキット。
- 上記標準治療薬とアンタゴニストの毎日の投与量が同時または順次投与される請求項16に記載のキット。
- 操作モードおよび上記組成物の投与モードに関する指示書をいれる区画をさらに有する請求項15〜17のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
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KR102455648B1 (ko) | 2013-07-19 | 2022-10-19 | 베링거잉겔하임베트메디카게엠베하 | 보존된 에테르화된 사이클로덱스트린 유도체 함유 액체 수성 약제학적 조성물 |
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AU2008267227A8 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
EP2564856A1 (fr) | 2013-03-06 |
ES2566960T3 (es) | 2016-04-18 |
EP2564854A1 (fr) | 2013-03-06 |
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EP2567701A3 (fr) | 2013-07-03 |
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