JP2010524928A - 未熟児合併症の治療及び/又は予防の方法と製品 - Google Patents
未熟児合併症の治療及び/又は予防の方法と製品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
「早期産」又は「早産」又は「未熟児」は、妊娠40週より前での、又は患者の在胎期間の平均より10%小さい体重での、患者の出生を示す。
これらの研究は、眼及び視力研究における動物使用についてARVO声明に従ったものである(www.arvo.org/AboutARVO/animalst.asp)。IGFBP−3、IGFBP−3-/-、IGFBP−3+/-、IGFBP−3+/+マウスは、Ning, Y., Schuller, A. G., Bradshaw, S., Rotwein, P., Ludwig, T., Frystyk, J. & Pintar, J. E. (2006) MoI Endocrinol 20, 2173-86に記載のとおりであり、そしてリアルタイムRT−PCRにより尾試料におけるIGFBP−3mRNAの発現によって特徴付けられ、そしてサザンブロット法により確認された。
IGFBP−3を標的とするPCRプライマー、及び不変制御遺伝子(シクロフィリン)、RNAをPrimer Expressソフトウェア(Applied BioSystems, Foster City, Calif.)を用いてデザインした。遺伝子検出の特異性についてプライマー及びプローブ配列を解析するために3つの方法を使用した。第1に、NCBI Blastモジュールによって測定して、選択配列を特異的に検出するプライマー及びプローブ配列のみが使用された。第2に、PCR反応時に生成したアンプリコンを、Applied BioSystems製の一次導関数(first derivative)プライマー融解曲線ソフトウェアを用いて解析した。この解析は、アンプリコンの特異的融点温度に基づいてアンプリコンの存在を測定する。第3に、PCR反応時に生成したアンプリコンを、ゲル精製して配列決定し(小児病院コア配列決定施設(Children's Hospital Core Sequencing Facility)、Boston, Mass)、所望の配列の選択を確認した。遺伝子発現の定量分析は、ABIプリズム7700配列検出システム(TaqMan)及びSYBRグリーンマスターミックスキット(Qiagen)を用いて行なった。C57BI/6マウスを、75%酸素への曝露の有りと無しの条件下で、IGFBP−3mRNAレベルのリアルタイムPCRにより、P8、P10、P12、P15、P17、P26及びP33で解析した。
OCTに包埋した眼を低温保持装置中8μmで切片化してアンコーティングスライドグラスに載せ、そして直ちに−80℃で保存した。凍結切片を含むスライドを直ちに70%エタノール中で30秒間固定して、ヘマトキシリン(Meyers)及びエオジンで染色し、そして続いて各々70%、95%、及び100%エタノール中、そして最終的にキシレン中10分の脱水工程から成る4脱水工程を行なった。一旦風乾して、切片をPixCell II LCMシステム(Arcturus Engineering, Mountain View, Calif.)により、血管及び網膜神経層のマイクロダイセクションにかけた。各母集団は、補足細胞の顕微鏡的視覚化によって測定して>95%の均質性と推定された。4匹を超えるマウスからの各細胞層由来の材料を合わせてRNAを分離し、記載のcDNAに変換させた。特異的cDNAを定量的リアルタイム(qRT)PCRを用いて定量化した。
血清中IGF−IレベルはIGFBP−3ヌルマウスの野生型と変わらない
以下の研究は、眼及び視力研究における動物使用のARVO声明に従ったものである(www.arvo.org/AboutARVO/animalst.asp)。IGFBP−3、IGFBP−3-/-、IGFBP−3+/-、IGFBP−3+/+マウスは、Ning, Y., Schuller, A. G., Bradshaw, S., Rotwein, P., Ludwig, T., Frystyk, J. & Pintar, J. E. (2006) MoI Endocrinol 20, 2173-86に記載のとおりであり、そしてリアルタイムRT−PCRにより尾試料におけるIGFBP−3mRNAの発現によって特徴付けられ、そしてサザンブロット法により確認された(データは示していない)。
IGFBP−3は酸素誘発網膜血管消失に対して保護する(P8)
血管消失を誘発させるために、出生後7日目(P7)マウスを乳母とともに18hから5日の範囲の期間75%酸素に曝露した。O2曝露後、マウスをアベルチン(Avertin)(Sigma)で麻酔し、そして生理食塩水中20mg/mlの2×106分子量FITC−デキストランの心内潅流により犠牲にした。眼球を摘出し、そして4℃にて2時間4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した。網膜を分離し、そして光受容体側を上にしてポリリシンコートスライド上にグリセリン−ゼラチン(シグマ)で全載した。網膜を蛍光顕微鏡(オリンパス、東京)で調べ、3電荷結合素子カラービデオカメラ(DX−950P、ソニー)を用いて画像をデジタル化し、そしてNORTHERN ECLIPSEソフトウェア(Empix Imaging、Tronto)により処理した。
低いIGFBP−3はP17で持続的血管閉鎖に関連する
P7とP12の間で、ヘテロ接合体IGFBP−3の仔を孕んだ母マウスを75%酸素に曝露し、次いでP12〜P17から大気中に移し、その後犠牲にした。IGFBP−3-/-(n=52眼)及びIGFBP−3+/+マウス(n=38眼)から網膜を摘出して全載し、更に血管閉鎖領域を評価した。
外因性IGFBP−3は血管再生長を増加させる
P7とP12の間に、C57BI/6マウスを75%酸素に曝露した。P12で酸素を除去後、マウスに60μgのIGFBP−3(n=16眼)又はビヒクル(n=14眼)を1日3回腹腔内注射(P12〜P14)した。マウスをP15で犠牲にし、網膜を摘出して全載し、そして血管閉鎖領域の血管再生長に対するIGFBP−3の効果を評価した。
IGFBP−3の発現の増加はマウスにおける網膜血管新生の減少に関連する
P7とP12間で、ヘテロ接合体IGFBP−3の仔を孕んだ母マウスを75%酸素に曝露し、次いでP12〜P17から大気中に移し、その後犠牲にした。IGFBP−3-/+及びIGFBP−3+/+マウス(n=9マウス、18眼)から網膜を摘出し、全載して、そして血管閉鎖の面積を評価して、2網膜の平均として記録した。IGFBP−3mRNAレベルを記載のように尾断片から測定した。
網膜のIGFBP−3mRNAは低酸素とともに増加する
IGFBP−3を標的とするPCRプライマー、及び不変制御遺伝子(unchanging control gene)(シクロフィリン)、RNAをプライマー発現(Primer Express)ソフトウェア(Applied BioSystems, Foster City, Calif.)を使用してデザインした。遺伝子検出の特異性についてプライマー及びプローブ配列を解析するために3つの方法を使用した。第1に、NCBI Blastモジュールによって測定して、選択配列を特異的に検出するプライマー及びプローブ配列のみが使用された。第2に、PCR反応時に生成したアンプリコンを、Applied BioSystems製の一次導関数プライマー融解曲線ソフトウェアを用いて解析した。この解析は、アンプリコンの特異的融点温度に基づいてアンプリコンの存在を測定した。第3に、PCR反応時に生成したアンプリコンを、ゲル精製して配列決定し(小児病院コア配列決定施設(Children's Hospital Core Sequencing Facility), Boston, Mass.)、所望の配列選択を確認した。遺伝子発現の定量分析は、ABIプリズム7700配列検出システム(TaqMan)及びSYBRグリーンマスターミックスキット(Qiagen)を用いて行なった。C57BI/6マウスを、75%酸素へ曝露の有りと無しの条件下IGFBP−3mRNAレベルのリアルタイムPCRにより、P8、P10、P12、P15、P17、P26及びP33で解析した。
IGFBP−3mRNAは網膜血管領域に局在化する
IGFBP−3mRNAは、P17で硝子体内に広がる網膜血管新生(タフト)の領域に、そして血管が位置する神経節細胞層及び内顆粒層に局在化する。局所血管領域内で、IGFBP−3mRNAはP17で低酸素症により5及び25倍増加した。無血管光受容体層では、非酸素処置対照に比べて、P17で低酸素症によるIGFBP−3mRNAのわずかな増加のみがあった。図7において、IGFBP−3mRNAは網膜血管に関係し、そして低酸素症で増加することが認められた。網膜血管のレーザー・キャプチャー領域から解析したIGFBP−3mRNAの定量的リアルタイムRT−PCR解析の結果、低酸素症によりP17で表在血管層においてIGFBP−3mRNAの大幅な増加が示され、IGFBP−3は毛細血管に関係するが、周辺組織に関係しないことが示された。T:硝子体内に広がる血管新生血管タフト、G:神経節細胞層、ON:外核層、IN:内顆粒層。
IGFBP−3-/-マウスの網膜における内皮前駆細胞(EPC)の数の減少
IGFBP−3-/-及び野生型対照同腹子をP7からP12まで75%の酸素に曝露し、次いで大気中へ移した。動物はP15で犠牲にした。IGFBP−3-/-(n=8眼)及びIGFBP−3+/+マウス(n=7眼)由来の網膜を分離し、そして4%パラホルムアルデヒド中で1時間固定し、1%Triton X-100を有するPBSで一夜膜透過した後、バンディラマメ(Griffonia simplicifolia)レクチンI(内皮細胞特異的)(Invitrogen、Eugene, Oregon, USA)及びCD34−FITC抗体(Miltenyi Biotec Inc、Auburn, CA, USA)染色を行なった。
臨床研究において血清IGFBP−3の増加は重症度の低いROPと相関する
在胎期間(GA)<32週で出生した新生児を、GoteborgのQueen Silvia Children's
Hospital及びUppsala University Hospitalで募集した(190名は適格で、79名が1999年12月と2002年4月の間に登録された)。月経後週齢(PMA)40週までの出生後フォローアップ完了不能、又は自宅への退院及び明らかな先天異常が除外基準であった。その群には、19組の双子、8組のペア及び同胞が死亡した3名が含まれた。新生児はすべて新生児集中治療室に入院した。増加量の母乳で経腸栄養法を早期(出生後2〜48h)に導入した。完全経腸栄養法が達成されるまで、グルコース、アミノ酸、及び脂肪による補助非経口的栄養を与えた。0.8gのタンパク質/100mlで強化した母乳を、<1,500gの乳児に、PMA約10日から乳児が2,000g体重になるまで与えた。Goeteborgの医学部倫理委員会及びウプサラ大学で承認(#O594−00)され、そして両親からはインフォームドコンセントを得た。
て同時に分析した。血清中IGFBP−3レベルは、IGFBP−3の特異的ラジオイムノアッセイ(RIA)(Mediagnost GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany)を用いて測定した。IGFBP−3アッセイで、イントラアッセイ変動係数(CV)は、1,800、3,790、及び5,776μg/Lの濃度でそれぞれ7.1、7.3、及び7.9%であり、そしてインターアッセイCVは13.4、10.5、及び14.1%であった。
Diabet Med 20, 269-76.)。増殖性網膜症患者は、血液漏出増加に因ると考えられるIGF−I及びIGFBP−3、並びに他の結合タンパク質の硝子体中レベルを増加させている。
Claims (28)
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症を罹患している患者の治療に使用するための、インスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)又はその類似体をインスリン様成長因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)又はその類似体と組み合わせて含む組成物であって、該組み合わせが、等モルより低い、好ましくは1:20〜1:3.33の範囲にあるIGF−I対IGFBPのモル比を有する組成物。
- IGF−I対IGFBPのモル比が1:20〜1:4、好ましくは1:15〜1:5、より好ましくは1:12〜1:8の範囲にある、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、患者の在胎期間に対応するモル比を有する血清中濃度を達成するために、そのIGFBP含量に関して連続的に調整される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- インスリン様成長因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)がIGFBP−3又はその類似体である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- IGF−Iの用量範囲が24時間当り5〜450μg/kgである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症が、IGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3の低循環レベルに関連する状態である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症が、発達遅滞、精神発達遅滞、気管支肺異形成、脳室内出血及び未熟児網膜症(ROP)を含む群からの1つである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 早産の合併症が未熟児網膜症(ROP)である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症が、患者の在胎期間の正常レベルに対応する子宮内レベルの基準以下のIGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3の血清レベルを有する患者によって示される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 使用が静脈内(IV)、筋肉内(IM)、皮下(SC)、腹腔内(IP)、鼻腔内、微小透析及び吸入の治療を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 使用が皮下、静脈内又は経口の治療を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 使用が静脈内の治療を含む、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 治療が、生後5日以前に、好ましくは生後4日以前に、より好ましくは生後3日以前に、最も好ましくは生後2日以前に開始される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- IGF−I類似体がrhIGF−Iであり、そしてIGFBP−3類似体がrhIGFBP−3である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 有効量のIGF−I又はその類似体をIGF−I結合タンパク質3(IGFBP−3)又はその類似体と組み合わせて、子宮内基準以下の血清レベルのIGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3を有する患者に投与することを含む、患者を早産合併症の発症から予防する方法であって、ここでIGF−I対IGFBPのモル比が、患者の在胎期間の正常レベルに対応する子宮内レベルに患者のIGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3の血清レベルを上げるために、等モルより低く、好ましくは1:20〜1:3.33の範囲にある、方法。
- IGF−I対IGFBPのモル比が、1:20〜1:4、好ましくは1:15〜1:5、より好ましくは1:12〜1:8の範囲にある、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 組成物が、患者の在胎期間に対応するモル比を有する血清中濃度を達成するために、そのIGFBP含量に関して連続的に調整される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- インスリン様成長因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)がIGFBP−3又はその類似体である、請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- IGF−Iの用量範囲が24時間当り5〜450μg/kgである、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症がIGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3の低循環レベルに関連する状態である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症が、発達遅滞、精神発達遅滞、気管支肺異形成、脳室内出血及び未熟児網膜症(ROP)を含む群からの1つである、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 早産の合併症が未熟児網膜症(ROP)である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 早産、極早産及び/又は超早産の合併症が、患者の在胎期間の正常レベルに対応する子宮内レベルの基準以下のIGF−I及び/又はIGFBP−3の血清レベルを有する患者によって示される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 使用が、静脈内(IV)、筋肉内(IM)、皮下(SC)、腹腔内(IP)、鼻腔内、微小透析及び吸入の治療を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 使用が皮下、静脈内又は経口の治療を含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 使用が静脈内の治療を含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 治療が、生後5日以前に、好ましくは生後4日以前に、より好ましくは生後3日以前に、最も好ましくは生後2日以前に開始される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- IGF−I類似体がrhIGF−Iであり、そしてIGFBP−3類似体がrhIGFBP−3である、請求項15に記載の方法。
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