JP2010523321A - イオン透過膜およびその製法 - Google Patents
イオン透過膜およびその製法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
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- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/463—Apparatus therefor comprising the membrane sequence AC or CA, where C is a cation exchange membrane
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Abstract
【選択図】図4
Description
(1)少なくとも一つのポリマーが、少なくとも一部は溶解および/または分散形として存在する、溶媒および/または分散剤含有ポリマーを、ポリマー製支持層に塗布すること;
(2)該ポリマーフィルムに形成要素を接触させ、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の、好ましくは規則的な、パターンを生成すること;および、
(3)該ポリマーフィルム中に存在する溶媒および/または分散剤を除去すること、
を含む。
−互いに接合される、二つのポリマー層(1)であって、それぞれ、他方に向き合わない側に、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを有する、二つのポリマー層の複合体と、さらに、
−ポリマー層(2)で、両側に、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを有する、ポリマー層を持つイオン交換膜を有する、前記イオン透過膜は、
第1ステップにおいて、形成要素を、第1ポリマーフィルムに接触させ、次いで、該第1ポリマーフィルムを硬化することによって生産することが可能である。第2ステップでは、硬化ポリマーフィルムは、支持層として使用され、その非プロファイル形成側において、第2ポリマーフィルムを支え、次いで再び、この第2ポリマーフィルムがプロファイル形成され、硬化される。各場合において、両ポリマーフィルムについて同じ材料が使用される場合、前述したように、好ましい実施態様では、形成される複合体において二つのプロファイル形成ポリマー層の間に、もはや界面は識別できない(したがって、ポリマー層(2)を有するイオン透過膜が得られる)。そうでなければ、互いに接合される二つのポリマー層(1)の複合体を有するイオン透過膜が得られる。
充填溶媒は、N-メチル-2-ピロリドンであった。攪拌しながら、SPEEKおよびPESを、6:4の重量比において、すくなくとも部分的に該溶媒に溶解した。得られたポリマー液におけるポリマーの割合は20重量%であった。
Claims (38)
- 少なくとも1つのプロファイル形成表面を有する、イオン透過膜、特に、イオン交換膜の製造方法であって、
形成要素が、少なくとも一つのポリマーを含む未硬化ポリマーフィルムと接触させられて、特に、このポリマーフィルムに印象されて、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを生成する方法。 - −前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムが、基板の上に供給され、
−前記形成要素が、前記ポリマーフィルムに接触させられ、
−前記ポリマーフィルムが硬化される
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記形成要素が、前記の少なくとも一つのポリマーが少なくとも部分的に溶解および/または分散形として存在する溶媒および/または分散媒含有ポリマーフィルムに接触させられることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムが前記基板に自由に流動する形状で塗布される、特に、注液、塗り伸ばし、または噴霧される、請求項2または請求項3に記載の方法。
- 形成要素として、特にフィラメント製の、グリッド様平坦構造が、前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムに接触させられることを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 形成要素として、市販のスペーサーが、前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムに接触させられることを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記形成要素が、前記ポリマーフィルムが硬化するまで該ポリマーフィルムに接触したままであることを特徴とする請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記の硬化のために、前記ポリマーフィルム中に存在する溶媒および/または分散剤を除去することを特徴とする請求項3〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムが、ポリマー製支持層の上に供給されることを特徴とする請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 組成が、前記の硬化後のポリマーフィルムの組成と実質的に一致する支持層が使用されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 下記のステップ:
−少なくとも一つのポリマーが、少なくとも一部は溶解および/または分散形として存在する、溶媒および/または分散剤含有ポリマーフィルムを、ポリマー製支持層に塗布すること;
−前記ポリマーフィルムに形成要素を接触させ、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを生成すること;および、
−前記ポリマーフィルム中に存在する溶媒および/または分散剤を除去すること、
を含む先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記形成要素が、50μmから500μm、特に約300μmの厚みを持つポリマーフィルムと接触させられることを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムが、10μmから300μm、特に約100μmの厚みを持つポリマー製支持層に供給されることを特徴とする請求項9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 二つ以上のポリマーの混合物を含むポリマーフィルムが使用されることを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーフィルムが、スルホン化ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(SPEEK)および/またはポリエーテルスルホン(PES)を含むことを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記未硬化ポリマーフィルムが、少なくとも一つの有機溶媒、特に、N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)を含むことを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記形成要素が、前記の少なくとも一つのポリマーを、10重量%と30重量%の間の割合で含む、ポリマーフィルムに接触させられることを特徴とする先行する請求項のいずれか一項、特に請求項16に記載の方法。
- 先行する請求項のいずれか一項の方法で製造されるまたは製造することができる、プロファイル形成表面を持つイオン透過膜、特に、イオン交換膜。
- 同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを有するポリマー層を含むことを特徴とする、特に請求項18に記載の、プロファイル形成表面を持つ、膜、特に、イオン交換膜。
- 同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを有する前記ポリマー層がその上に配置される、支持層を含むことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の膜。
- 互いに接合した二つのポリマー層を含み、これらは、それぞれ、他方に向き合わない側に、同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを含むことを特徴とする、請求項19または請求項20に記載のプロファイル形成表面を持つ膜。
- 前記の二つのポリマー層が、該二つのポリマー層の間に配される支持層を介して互いに接合されていることを特徴とする請求項21に記載の膜。
- 前記のポリマー層の一つが陽イオン交換材料から製造され、他方が陰イオン交換材料から製造されることを特徴とする請求項21または請求項22に記載の膜。
- 同一のまたは異なった構造を持つ隆起および/または陥凹の好ましくは規則的なパターンを含む前記ポリマー層を、両側に有することを特徴とする請求項19に記載の膜。
- 同一の構造を持つ隆起および陥凹の規則的パターンを含むことを特徴とする請求項19〜24のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 前記陥凹が、グリッド様または格子様パターンを形成することを特徴とする請求項19〜25のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 前記陥凹の間に、好ましくは菱形輪郭、特に、実質的に正方形輪郭を持つ隆起を形成することを特徴とする請求項19〜26のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 前記隆起の中心よりも前記隆起の辺縁が高く構築されることを特徴とする請求項19〜27のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 前記隆起が、グリッド様または格子様パターンを形成することを特徴とする請求項19〜25のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 前記隆起の間に、実質的に菱形の、特に実質的に正方形の輪郭を有する陥凹が形成されることを特徴とする請求項29に記載の膜。
- 前記ポリマー層が、10μmから300μm、特に約100μmの厚みを有することを特徴とする請求項19〜30のいずれか一項に記載の膜。
- 請求項18〜31のいずれか一項に記載のイオン透過膜を少なくとも1つ含む膜配置。
- 透析装置、特に、電解透析装置の構成要素であることを特徴とする請求項32に記載の膜配置。
- 請求項18〜31のいずれか一項に記載のイオン透過膜を少なくとも2つ含み、前記膜の間に別のスペーサーが配されることを特徴とする請求項32または33に記載の膜配置。
- 燃料電池の構成要素であることを特徴とする請求項32に記載の膜配置。
- レドックスフロー電池の構成要素であることを特徴とする請求項32に記載の膜配置。
- 電解透析装置の構成要素であることを特徴とする請求項32に記載の膜配置。
- 請求項32又は33のいずれか一項に記載の膜配置の少なくとも1つが使用される液体の電解透析脱塩のための方法。
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US20100065490A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
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EP2136905A1 (de) | 2009-12-30 |
EP2136905B1 (de) | 2017-05-31 |
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