JP2010503182A - プロトン伝導性ポリアゾール含有膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
プロトン伝導性ポリアゾール含有膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010503182A JP2010503182A JP2009527733A JP2009527733A JP2010503182A JP 2010503182 A JP2010503182 A JP 2010503182A JP 2009527733 A JP2009527733 A JP 2009527733A JP 2009527733 A JP2009527733 A JP 2009527733A JP 2010503182 A JP2010503182 A JP 2010503182A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- composition
- group
- polyazole
- range
- Prior art date
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 229910003209 (NH4)3H(SeO4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- LVTHXRLARFLXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LVTHXRLARFLXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSCGQEBKFSGWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RSCGQEBKFSGWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pteridine Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=NC=CN=C21 CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CHGYKYXGIWNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,4,6-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=NC(C(O)=O)=C1 CHGYKYXGIWNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- QBJDFZSOZNDVDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QBJDFZSOZNDVDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WXNIEINRHBIHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WXNIEINRHBIHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JNMRHUJNCSQMMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfathiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CS1 JNMRHUJNCSQMMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGOMVYSURVZIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro(nitroso)methane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)N=O PGOMVYSURVZIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/22—Polybenzoxazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/002—Organic membrane manufacture from melts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/62—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/18—Polybenzimidazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
A)ポリリン酸と少なくとも一種のポリアゾールを含み、DIN53018に準じて測定した膜製造時のオリフィス温度における溶液粘度が10Pa・s〜1000Pa・sの範囲を示す組成物を、25℃〜300℃の範囲の温度でオリフィスを経由してプレスし、
B)該組成物を次いで固体化することを特徴とする方法。
【選択図】なし
Description
DE10246461A1は、次の工程からなる方法により得られるプロトン伝導性ポリマー膜を開示している。
A)ポリリン酸と、少なくとも一種のポリアゾール(ポリマーA)及び/又は、工程B)で熱に暴露されるとポリアゾールを好適に形成する少なくとも一種の以上の化合物の混合物を作成する工程、
B)工程A)で得られる混合物を、不活性ガス下で最高400℃の温度で加熱する工程、
C)工程A)及び/又はB)の混合物を用いて、支持体に層を塗布する工程、
D)工程C)で得た膜を、自己支持性となるまで処理する工程、
ただし、その際、ポリアゾールではない少なくとも一種の他のポリマー(ポリマーB)を、工程A)及び/又は工程B)で得られる組成物に添加し、ポリアゾールとポリマーBとの重量比は、0.1〜50の範囲である。
A)一種以上の芳香族及び/又は複素芳香族テトラーアミノ化合物と、カルボン酸モノマー当たり少なくとも2個の酸基を有する一種以上の芳香族及び/又は複素芳香族カルボン酸またはその誘導体(ただし、テトラーアミノ化合物類及び/又はカルボン酸の少なくとも一部が少なくとも一種のホスホン酸基を含む)とを、または一種以上の芳香族及び/又は複素芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸(ただし、少なくともその一部がホスホン酸基を含む)を、ポリリン酸中混合して、溶液及び/又は分散液を形成する工程、
B)工程A)で得られた溶液及び/又は分散液を、不活性ガス下で最高350℃の温度で加熱して、ポリアゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
C)工程A)及び/又は工程B)の混合物を用いて、ある支持体上に層を塗布する工程、
D)工程C)で形成した膜を処理して自己支持性とする工程。
A)ポリマーを、特にポリアゾールを、ビニル含有ホスホン酸に溶解する工程、
B)工程A)の溶液を用いて支持体上に平面構造を形成する工程、
C)出発溶液を、工程B)で形成した平面構造上に塗布する工程、
D)工程C)の平面構造中に存在するビニルホスホン酸を重合する工程。
⇒最小限の溶媒を必要とすること、
⇒空間−時間収率が改善された膜製造が可能であること
⇒膜が可能な限り高品質であり、バッチ間変動が可能な限り低いこと、
⇒比較的高分子量のポリアゾールの加工が可能であること
⇒膜中の泡の発生を最大限に抑えること。
A)ポリリン酸と少なくとも一種のポリアゾールを含み、DIN53018に準じて測定した膜製造時のオリフィス温度における溶液粘度が10Pa・s〜1000Pa・sの範囲を示す組成物を、25℃〜300℃の範囲の温度でオリフィスを経由してプレスし、
B)該組成物を次いで固体化することを特徴とする方法を提供する。
Arは、同一でも異なっていてもよく、四価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar1は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar2は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価または三価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar3は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、三価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar4は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、三価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar5は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、四価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar6は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar7は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar8は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、三価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar9は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価、三価または四価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar10は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価または三価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Ar11は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、二価の芳香族または複素芳香族基を表し、単環でも多環であってもよく、
Xは、同一でも異なっていてもよく、酸素、硫黄またはアミノ基であり、
水素原子、または1〜20個の炭素原子からなる基、好ましくは分岐アルキル基またはアルコキシ基またはアリール基を、他の基として有しているものであり、
式(XX)以外のすべての式中のRは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、水素、アルキル基または芳香族基を表し、式(XX)中のRは、アルキレン基または芳香族基を表し、
nとmは、10以上の整数、好ましくは100以上の整数である。
好ましい芳香族基は、フェニル基またはナフチル基である。これらのアルキル基や芳香族基は、置換されていてもよい。
好ましいポリアゾールは、式(I)の繰返し単位を持つもので、式中の基Xは、一つの繰返し単位ないでは同一である。
ポリアセタールや、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリエーテル、ポリプロピレンオキシド、ポリエピクロロヒドリン、ポリテトラヒドロフラン、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエステル、特にポリヒドロキシ酢酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリヒドロキシベンゾエート、ポリヒドロキシプロピオン酸、ポリピバロラクトン、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリマロン酸、ポリカーボネートなどのC−O結合を主鎖中に有するポリマー類;
ポリスルフィドエーテルや、ポリフェニレンスルフイド、ポリエーテルスルフォンなどのC−S結合を主鎖中に有するポリマー類;
ポリイミンや、ポリイソシアニド、ポリエーテルイミン、ポリアニリン、ポリアミド、ポリヒドラジド、ポリウレタン、ポリイミド、ポリアゾール、ポリアジンなどのO−N結合を主鎖中に有するポリマー類;
特にベクトラなどの液晶ポリマー類;
ポリシラン、ポリカルボシラン、ポリシロキサン、ポリケイ、ポリシリケート、シリコーン、ポリフォスファゼン、ポリチアジルなどの無機ポリマー類があげられる。
スルフェート類、例えば、CsHSO4や、Fe(SO4)2、(NH4)3H(SO4)2、LiHSO4、NaHSO4、KHSO4、RbSO4、LiN2H5SO4、NH4HSO4など;
ホスフェート類、例えば、Zr3(PO4)4や、Zr(HPO4)2、HZr2(PO4)3、UO2PO4・3H2O、H8UO2PO4、Ce(HPO4)2、Ti(HPO4)2、KH2PO4、NaH2PO4、LiH2PO4、NH4H2PO4、CsH2PO4、CaHPO4、MgHPO4、HSbP2O8、HSb3P2O14、H5Sb5P2O20など;
ポリ酸類、例えばH3PW12O40・nH2O(n=21−29)や、H3SiW12O40−nH2O(n=21−29)、HXWO3、HSbWO6、H3PMo12O40、H2Sb4O11、HTaWO6、HNbO3、HTiNbO5、HTiTaO5、HSbTeO6、H5Ti4O9、HSbO3、H2MoO4など;
亜セレン酸塩や砒化物類、例えば、(NH4)3H(SeO4)2や、UO2ASO4、(NH4)3H(SeO4)2、KH2ASO4、Cs3H(SeO4)2、Rb3H(SeO4)2など;
酸化物類、例えばAl2O3や、Sb2O5、ThO2、SnO2、ZrO2、MoO3など;
シリケート類、例えばゼオライト、ゼオライト(NH4 +)、層状ケイ酸塩、立体網状ケイ酸塩、H−ソーダ沸石、H−モルデナイト、NH4−アナルシン、NH4−ホウソーダ石、NH4−ガレート、H−モンモリロナイトなど;
酸類、例えばHClO4やSbF5など;
フィラー類、例えば、カーバイド類、特にSiC、Si3N4繊維、特にガラス繊維、ガラス粉末及び/又はポリマー繊維、好ましくはポリアゾール系ポリマー繊維。
処理時間は、また膜の厚みによっても変動する。
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、
上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、C5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数であり、
yは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数である、
及び/又は次式で表されるもの:
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、C5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数であり、
及び/又は次式で表されるもの:
Aは、式COOR2、CN、CONR2 2、OR2及び/又はR2で表される基であり、式中、R2は、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基またはC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基またはC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8,9または10の整数である。
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基またはC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数であり、
yは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数である、
及び/又は次式で表されるもの:
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、C5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数であり、
及び/又は次式で表されるもの:
Aは、式COOR2、CN、CONR2 2、OR2及び/又はR2で表される基を表し、式中、R2は、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基またはC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Rは、単結合、二価のC1−C15アルキレン基、エチレンオキシ基などの二価のC1−C15アルキレンオキシ基、または二価のC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、上記の各基は、さらにハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基またはC5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、上記の各基はさらにハロゲン、−OH、または−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9または10の整数である。
Rは、C1−C15アルキル基、C5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基、NR’、−SO2、PR’、又はSi(R’)2を表し、上記の基はさらに置換されていてもよく、
R’は、相互に独立して、水素、C1−C15アルキル基、C1−C15アルコキシ基、C5−C20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基を表し、
nは、少なくとも2である。
ジベンゾイルペルオキシド、ジクメンペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、ジイソプロピルペルオキシジカーボネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシル)ペルオキシジカーボネート、過硫酸二カリウム、過酸化二アンモニウム、2,2’−アゾビス(2−メチルプロピオニトリル)(AIBN)、2,2’−アゾビス−(イソ酪酸アミジン)塩酸塩、ベンゾピナコール、ジベンジル誘導体類、メチルエチレンケトンペルオキシド、1,1−アゾビスシクロヘキサンカルボニトリル、メチルエチルケトンペルオキシド、アセチルアセトンペルオキシド、ジラウリルペルオキシド、ジデカノイルペルオキシド、tert−ブチルペル−2−エチルヘキサノエート、ケトンペルオキシド、メチルイソブチルケトンペルオキシド、シクロヘキサノンペルオキシド、ジベンゾイルペルオキシド、tert−ブチルペルオキシベンゾエート、tert−ブチルペルオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、2,5−ビス(2−エチルヘキサノイルペルオキシ)−2,5−ジメチルヘキサン、tert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート、tert−ブチルペルオキシ−3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノエート、tert−ブチルペルオキシイソブチレート、tert−ブチルペルオキシアセテート、ジクミルパーオキサイド、1,1−ビス(tert−ブチルペルオキシ)−シクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(tert−ブチルペルオキシ)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン、クミルヒドロペルオキシド、tert−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、ビス(4−tert−ブチルシクロヘキシル)ペルオキシジカーボネート、およびデュポンから入手可能な、商品名が(R)バゾである製品、例えば(R)バゾV50や(R)バゾWSのフリーラジカル形成剤があげられる。
⇒膜の製造に溶媒をほとんど又は全く必要としない。
⇒明らかに良好な空間−時間収率で膜の製造が可能である
⇒異なるバッチ間で品質の変動がほとんどなく、比較的高品質で再現性の高い膜を得ることができる。
⇒比較的高分子量のポリアゾールを処理可能である、
⇒膜中の泡の発生を事実上完全に抑えることができる。
Claims (18)
- プロトン伝導性ポリアゾール含有膜の製造方法であって、
A)ポリリン酸と少なくとも一種のポリアゾールを含み、DIN53018に準じて測定した膜製造時のオリフィス温度における溶液粘度が10Pa・s〜1000Pa・sの範囲を示す組成物を、25℃〜300℃の範囲の温度でオリフィスを経由してプレスし、
B)該組成物を次いで固体化することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記組成物を、120℃〜180℃の温度でオリフィスを経由してプレスする請求項1に記載の方法。
- DIN53018に準じて膜製造時のオリフィス温度で測定した溶液粘度が20Pa・s〜800Pa・sの範囲の示す組成物を使用する請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも96重量%の硫酸中で測定した固有粘度が0.3〜10の範囲にある少なくとも一種のポリアゾールを含む組成物を使用する請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 全重量に対してそれぞれ95.0重量%〜99.5重量%のポリリン酸と、0.5重量%〜5.0重量%のポリアゾールとを含む組成物をオリフィスを経由してプレスする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物をスロットを通してプレスする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記スロットが、20cm〜50cmの範囲のスロット幅を有する請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記スロットが、800μm〜1600μmの範囲のスロット間隙を有する請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記スロットのスロット幅とスロット間隔の比が100:1〜1000:1の範囲にある請求項6、7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を、少なくとも0.1barの圧力でオリフィスを経由してプレスする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が押し出される請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリリン酸と前記ポリアゾールとを押出機中で混合する請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリアゾールが、
a)一種以上の芳香族の及び/又は複素芳香族のテトラーアミノ化合物と、カルボン酸モノマーあたり少なくとも2個の酸基を有する一種以上の芳香族及び/又は複素芳香族カルボン酸またはその誘導体とを反応させるか、
b)一種以上の芳香族及び/又は複素芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させることによりその場で製造される請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記ポリアゾールが少なくとも一種のホスホン酸基を有する請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を支持体上に塗布する請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物の複数の相互に連結していない領域を支持体上に塗布する請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を水分で処理して固化させる請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリアゾールとは異なる少なくとも一種のポリマーを含む組成物を使用する請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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PCT/EP2007/007896 WO2008031554A1 (de) | 2006-09-12 | 2007-09-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer protonenleitenden, polyazol-enthaltenden membran |
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WO2010063489A1 (de) * | 2008-12-06 | 2010-06-10 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung einer protonenleitenden membran |
WO2010081698A1 (de) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-22 | Basf Se | Monomerperlen zur herstellung einer protonenleitenden membran |
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DE102009028758A1 (de) | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-24 | Volkswagen Ag | Langzeitstabile Polymerelektrolytmembran für HT-Brennstoffzellen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE102011007425A1 (de) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-18 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Polymere auf der Basis von Polyazolen |
KR101910577B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-16 | 2018-12-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 조성물, 이로부터 형성된 복합체, 이를 이용한 전극과 복합막 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 |
CN112820922B (zh) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-09-02 | 坤艾新材料科技(上海)有限公司 | 陶瓷颗粒增强高温质子交换膜及其制造方法、电化学设备 |
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