JP2010227093A - Method for growing plant in sandy ground - Google Patents
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- JP2010227093A JP2010227093A JP2010041580A JP2010041580A JP2010227093A JP 2010227093 A JP2010227093 A JP 2010227093A JP 2010041580 A JP2010041580 A JP 2010041580A JP 2010041580 A JP2010041580 A JP 2010041580A JP 2010227093 A JP2010227093 A JP 2010227093A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、砂地における植物の育成方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for growing plants in sand.
砂漠地帯や砂丘、海岸などの広く地表面が砂で覆われている地帯には、その砂が風力などにより激しく移動する場所も多い。その典型的な例として、中国内蒙古地区には強風によって移動、拡大する流動砂丘地帯がある。この地帯での砂漠化は、カシミヤ山羊や羊の過放牧および流砂が植物を埋もれさせることで拡大すると言われている。 In areas where the ground surface is widely covered with sand, such as desert areas, dunes, and coasts, there are many places where the sand moves violently by wind power. A typical example is the sand dune zone that moves and expands in strong winds in the Inner Mongolia area of China. Desertification in this area is said to be expanded by overgrazing cashmere goats and sheep, and the flow of sand that causes the plant to be buried.
同地区は、砂漠地としては降水量が多く地下水位も高いため、強風による地面表層付近の砂流動を抑制して砂を定着させることで緑化が可能であると考えられており、それを実現する手法として、例えば特許文献１に記載された工法がある。
This area is considered to be able to be greened by suppressing sand flow near the surface of the ground due to strong winds and fixing the sand because it is a desert area with high precipitation and high groundwater level. For example, there is a construction method described in
この工法では、柱状砂嚢を格子状に載置し、その囲われた区画間での砂移動を防止することで、種子や苗が地に根を張り定着することを狙っている。しかしながら、砂丘全体の動きや地形の変化を抑えることは可能であっても格子区画内での微視的な砂の飛散は無視できないため、種を蒔いたり苗を植えるなど積極的に緑化する場合の定着率に課題があった。さらに、砂地特有の強い紫外線に暴露され植物の育成が抑制される等の問題もある。 In this construction method, columnar sandbags are placed in a lattice pattern, and the aim is to prevent seeds and seedlings from sticking to the ground by preventing sand movement between the enclosed compartments. However, even if it is possible to suppress the movement of the entire sand dune and the change in topography, microscopic sand scattering within the lattice section cannot be ignored, so when actively planting trees such as sowing seeds or planting seedlings There was a problem in the fixing rate. In addition, there are problems such as exposure to strong ultraviolet rays peculiar to sandy areas and the suppression of plant growth.
また、特許文献２では、筒状生地に植物の種子を混合した培養土を詰め、これを地面に隙間無く載置した栽培方法が提案されている。しかしながら、種子を筒状生地の中に存在させるため筒状生地を突き破って発芽しなければならず、筒状生地の繊維が植物の生長を阻害する等の問題がある。そもそも、当該方法は屋上緑化を目的したものであって、砂地の緑化を想定したものではない。
Moreover, in
本発明は、前記背景技術の課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、養生部を形成する砂嚢が防風壁、防砂壁としての役割を担い、種子および苗の飛散を防止し、且つ砂漠地帯特有の強い日差しを抑制することを可能とした砂地において植物を確実に育成する方法を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the background art described above, and the sand sac forming the curing part plays a role as a windbreak wall and a sandproof wall, prevents scattering of seeds and seedlings, and is unique to the desert region. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reliably growing plants in sandy land that can suppress strong sunlight.
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために、次のような手段を採用するものである。 The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
（１）砂面上に筒状編地で形成される筒状内部に少なくとも砂が充填された円柱状砂嚢を複数本に配列させるか、もしくは１本を屈曲させて載置して、幅３０ｃｍ以下の養生部を形成し、育成を所望する植物の種もしくは苗を該養生部に播種もしくは移植し、植物を育成することを特徴とする砂地における植物の育成方法。 (1) A cylindrical sand sac filled with at least sand in a cylindrical shape formed of a cylindrical knitted fabric on the sand surface is arranged in a plurality, or one is bent and placed, and the width is 30 cm. A method for growing a plant in sandy land, comprising forming the following curing part, sowing or transplanting a seed or seedling of a plant desired to be grown into the curing part, and growing the plant.
（２）前記円柱状砂嚢の断面積が２０〜５００ｃｍ２であることを特徴とする前記（１）記載の砂地における植物の育成方法。 (2) The method for growing plants in the sand according to (1), wherein the cylindrical sand sac has a cross-sectional area of 20 to 500 cm 2 .
（３）前記養生部によって１辺０．３〜３．３ｍの略方形の区画を形成するように前記円柱状砂嚢を配列させ、該養生部に植物が育成することを特徴とする前記（１）もしくは（２）に記載の砂地における植物の育成方法。 (3) The cylindrical sand sac is arranged so as to form a substantially square section having a side of 0.3 to 3.3 m by the curing part, and a plant is grown on the curing part (1) ) Or the method for growing plants in the sand according to (2).
（４）前記円柱状砂嚢がポリ乳酸繊維を使った編地であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の砂地における植物の育成方法。 (4) The method for growing plants in sandy soil according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the cylindrical sandbag is a knitted fabric using polylactic acid fibers.
（５）前記養生部を砂もしくは養土で埋めることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の砂地における植物の育成方法。 (5) The method for growing plants in sandy land according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the curing part is filled with sand or soil.
本発明は、養生部を形成する砂嚢が防風壁、防砂壁としての役割を担い、種子および苗の飛散を防止し、且つ砂漠地帯特有の強い日差しを抑制することを可能とした、砂地において植物を確実に育成する方法を得ることが出来る。 The present invention provides a sand sac that forms a curing part, which plays a role as a windbreak wall and a sandproof wall, prevents scattering of seeds and seedlings, and suppresses strong sunlight peculiar to desert areas, and is a plant in sandy land. It is possible to obtain a method for cultivating
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.
本発明において、砂面とは砂漠地帯や砂丘、海岸などの広く地表面が砂で覆われている場所である。 In the present invention, the sand surface is a place where the ground surface is widely covered with sand, such as a desert area, a sand dune, and a coast.
本発明において、筒状編地とは繊維を編んで筒状にしたものであり、砂を詰めた後その両端を砂が漏れないように加工し、いわゆる砂嚢袋として使用する。筒状編地とすることにより、縫い合わせ部分や縫い目から細かい砂が漏れ出したり、砂嚢が破れたりするのを防ぐことができる。また、筒状編地は細長い形状の円柱状砂嚢を効率よく形成することが可能で、設置作業性にも優れる。砂が漏れないように両端を閉じる方法は縫製や接着、融着、結び目をつくる、別途用意した紐で縛る等の種々の方法を採ることができるが、なかでも結び目をつくる方法が安価、容易で確実に閉じることができるため、より好ましい。上記の砂嚢の形成は、現地すなわち施工する砂地で行うことができ、その現地までは砂の入っていない連続した筒状の編地として、適宜の巻き体に形成して運搬をすることができる。そして現地で、適宜の長さに切断したのち、一端を閉じて、砂を充填・封入して他端を閉じるのである。また、両端以外の中央部における任意の位置にいずれかの方法にて封鎖する加工を行うことは、施工時の取り扱い性や施工後の環境変化に対し、内容物である砂の不要な移動を抑制できるため、好ましく用いられる。なお、織物は筒状の形状とするために縫製が必要となるか、袋織を行うために特殊な織機が必要となるため、本発明には適さない。また、織物は一般には編地よりも伸び縮みしにくいものであり、特に、地面の凹凸等にフィットして載置されることが難しく、砂嚢として、砂地面に安定して設置しにくい。不織布も同様に縫製が必要となり、また、砂が充填されるような丈夫な不織布は、一般に柔軟性が乏しく、やはり、地面の凹凸等にフィットして載置されることができないことから本発明には好ましくない。また、ブロー成形等の手法によるプラスチック製のフィルムやシート状物は一般に軽量であるが、引張、引裂強度や耐摩耗性、耐久性に劣るため、やはり本発明には適さない。 In the present invention, the tubular knitted fabric is a tubular fabric formed by knitting fibers, and after filling the sand, it is processed so that the sand does not leak and used as a so-called sand bag. By using the tubular knitted fabric, it is possible to prevent fine sand from leaking out from the stitched portions and seams, and to prevent the sandbag from being torn. Further, the tubular knitted fabric can efficiently form an elongated cylindrical sand sac, and is excellent in installation workability. Various methods can be used to close both ends so that sand does not leak, such as sewing, bonding, fusing, knotting, or tying with a separately prepared string, but the knotting method is cheap and easy. It is more preferable because it can be surely closed. The formation of the sand sac can be performed in the field, that is, in the sand to be constructed, and it can be formed and transported in an appropriate winding body as a continuous tubular knitted fabric without sand up to the field. . Then, after cutting to an appropriate length at the site, one end is closed, sand is filled and sealed, and the other end is closed. In addition, processing to seal at any position in the central part other than both ends by any method will cause unnecessary movement of the sand that is the contents against the handling property at the time of construction and the environmental change after construction. Since it can suppress, it is used preferably. The woven fabric is not suitable for the present invention because sewing is necessary for making it into a cylindrical shape or a special loom is required for carrying out bag weaving. In addition, woven fabrics are generally harder to expand and contract than knitted fabrics, and in particular, it is difficult to fit and fit on unevenness of the ground, and it is difficult to stably place them on the sand as sandbags. Similarly, a nonwoven fabric needs to be sewn, and a strong nonwoven fabric filled with sand is generally inflexible and still cannot be placed in conformity with the unevenness of the ground. Is not preferred. In addition, plastic films and sheet-like materials obtained by techniques such as blow molding are generally lightweight, but are not suitable for the present invention because they are inferior in tensile, tear strength, wear resistance, and durability.
本発明において、砂嚢は、筒状編地に砂を詰める方法により形成されるため円柱に似た形状となるが、設置時に内容物である砂の自重により変形しても構わない。編地は、伸び縮み性が良好であり、内部の砂の自重により、また地面の凹凸状態に応じても、容易に変形することができるので、地面に隙間を生ずることなくフィットして載置されることになるので、流動砂丘地帯において適している。特に、載置されてから後も、時が経つにつれて砂地面の凹凸状態が変化していくときでも、該凹凸状態に追従してフィットしていくことができる点で、筒状編地で形成されることが重要なものである。 In the present invention, the sand sac is formed by a method of filling sand into a tubular knitted fabric, and thus has a shape similar to a cylinder. However, the sand sac may be deformed by the weight of the sand as the contents at the time of installation. The knitted fabric has good stretchability and can be easily deformed by its own weight due to the internal weight of the sand and depending on the unevenness of the ground. It is suitable for fluid sand dune areas. In particular, it is formed with a cylindrical knitted fabric in that it can fit to follow the uneven state even after it is placed, even when the uneven state of the sandy ground changes over time. It is important to be done.
本発明において、砂を充填した砂嚢を載置することにより砂嚢に囲まれた養生部を形成するが、該養生部の幅Ａは３０ｃｍ以下である。該養生部に育成を所望する植物の種子を播種もしくは苗を移植し、植物の育成を可能とする。図１に養生部の概要を示す。養生部を形成する砂嚢自体が風から種子や苗を守る防風壁、防砂壁の役割をし、また砂漠特有の強い日差しを抑制したり、雨水を貯めたりする働きがあり、より効率的、確実に植物を育成することを可能とする。本発明における養生部の幅Ａとは、図1に示すように隣接する砂嚢と砂嚢との距離である。養生部の幅Ａは種子もしくは苗の大きさ及び砂嚢の断面積により決定すればよいが、一般的な種子では養生部の幅Ａは、より好ましくは１５ｃｍ以下、さらに好ましくは１ｃｍ以上１０ｃｍ以下である。幅が狭いことでより風を防ぐ効果や日差しを弱める効果を高め、また種子や苗を固定する役割を果たす。３０ｃｍを超えて載置すると養生部内の風を防ぐ効果や日差しを弱める効果が弱まることから好ましくない。１ｃｍ以上とすることで、一般に植物の芽は生長を阻害されない。植物が養生部の幅を超えて幹および茎が生長した場合でも、図２のように砂嚢が出てくる植物に追従して容易に変形するため問題ない。砂嚢が隣接する場合、つまり幅が０ｃｍの場合でも図３のように養生部を形成することは可能である。この場合種子は埋まるが、前記理由から芽は砂嚢間から出てくる。また、地形が変化しても、砂嚢と砂嚢の載置によって形成される養生部は一体となって追従するため、深さは維持される。 In the present invention, a curing portion surrounded by the sand sac is formed by placing a sand sac filled with sand, and the width A of the curing portion is 30 cm or less. Plant seeds desired to be cultivated are sown or transplanted in the curing part to allow plant growth. Fig. 1 shows an overview of the curing unit. The sand sac itself that forms the curing part acts as a wind barrier and sand barrier to protect seeds and seedlings from the wind, and also has the function of suppressing strong sunlight unique to the desert and storing rainwater, making it more efficient and reliable It is possible to grow plants. The width A of the curing part in the present invention is the distance between adjacent sand bags as shown in FIG. The width A of the curing part may be determined by the size of the seeds or seedlings and the cross-sectional area of the sand sac. However, for general seeds, the width A of the curing part is more preferably 15 cm or less, and further preferably 1 cm or more and 10 cm or less. is there. The narrow width enhances the effect of preventing wind and weakening the sun, and also serves to fix seeds and seedlings. If it exceeds 30 cm, it is not preferable because the effect of preventing wind in the curing unit and the effect of reducing sunlight are weakened. By making it 1 cm or more, the growth of the buds of plants is generally not inhibited. Even if the plant grows beyond the width of the curing part and the stem and stem grow, there is no problem because it easily deforms following the plant in which the sandbag appears as shown in FIG. Even when the sandbags are adjacent, that is, when the width is 0 cm, it is possible to form the curing part as shown in FIG. In this case, the seeds are buried, but for the above reason, the buds emerge from between the sandbags. Moreover, even if the topography changes, the curing portion formed by placing the sandbag and the sandbag follows together, so that the depth is maintained.
養生部の形成は、砂嚢を砂面上に複数本配列させるか、もしくは１本を屈曲させて載置することで可能である。１本を屈曲させて載置する場合、形状は図４のようにＵ字型、Ｓ字型、三角、四角や円形等が挙げられるが、筒状編地の砂嚢は自在に屈曲できることから様々な形状をなすことが可能であり特には限定されない。ここで円形に載置する場合、該養生部の幅は図５に示すように直径を指す。他形状の場合でも、最も狭い部分の幅、すなわち養生部内に内接円を描いた場合のその直径を該養生部の幅とする。また砂嚢を屈曲させる場合、１本のみに限らず、複数本を本発明で規定している養生部を形成する幅に載置して円形に屈曲することも可能である。図６は、砂嚢を複数本配列させた場合の態様の例を示しており、ただ平行に載置してもよいし、屈曲させてもよい。 The curing part can be formed by arranging a plurality of sandbags on the sand surface, or bending one and placing it. When one piece is bent and placed, the shape can be U-shaped, S-shaped, triangular, square or circular as shown in FIG. 4, but the sand sac of the tubular knitted fabric can be bent freely. There are no particular limitations on the shape. Here, when mounting in a circle, the width of the curing part refers to the diameter as shown in FIG. Even in the case of other shapes, the width of the narrowest portion, that is, the diameter when an inscribed circle is drawn in the cured portion, is defined as the width of the cured portion. In addition, when the sandbag is bent, it is possible to place not only one piece but also a plurality of pieces so as to form a curing part defined in the present invention and bend it into a circle. FIG. 6 shows an example of a mode in which a plurality of sandbags are arranged, and they may be placed in parallel or bent.
種子や苗は、種類は特には限定されないが、砂漠における乾燥・極寒・猛暑といった過酷な気候に耐えうる植物が好ましい。例えば、ポプラ、沙柳、沙棘、沙米、羊柴である。 The seeds and seedlings are not particularly limited, but plants that can withstand harsh climates such as dryness, extreme cold, and extreme heat in the desert are preferable. For example, poplar, Sayanagi, Sasame, Samai, and Yodoshiba.
本発明において、砂嚢の砂を詰めた状態における砂嚢袋の長手方向に直行する面における断面積は２０〜５００ｃｍ２であることが好ましい。２０ｃｍ２より小さいと重量が小さいために育成する種子が根付いても風で倒されることや、砂嚢自体の風を遮る効果が小さくなることから不適である。一方、５００ｃｍ２より大きいと重量が大きくなるため、作業性が悪くなるため効率的でなく、編地に使われる資源の増大や編地運搬量の増大の観点から不適である。より好ましくは５０〜２００ｃｍ２である。砂嚢の長さは任意であり、特には限定されない。養生部に育成を所望する種子や苗の種類に併せてここで規定した範囲で断面積及び長さを決めればよい。 In the present invention, it is preferable cross-sectional area in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the gizzard bag in a state filled with sand gizzard is 20~500cm 2. If it is smaller than 20 cm 2 , the weight is so small that even if seeds to be grown are rooted, they are overturned by the wind and the effect of blocking the wind of the sandbag itself is unsuitable. On the other hand, if it is larger than 500 cm 2 , the weight is increased, so that workability is deteriorated, which is not efficient, and is inappropriate from the viewpoint of increase in resources used for the knitted fabric and increase in the knitted fabric transport amount. More preferably 50~200cm 2. The length of the sandbag is arbitrary and is not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to determine a cross-sectional area and length in the range prescribed | regulated here according to the kind of seed and seedling which a curing part wants to grow.
砂嚢を載置する場合は、複数の砂嚢を交差させてもよい。交差点を設けることで交差部分の重みが増大して砂嚢のずれや移動を効果的に防止することができる。交差することにより、段差を生ずるが、本発明では、筒状編地で砂嚢を形成しているため、編地の持つ伸縮性によってその段差部分でも良くフィットして地面との隙間がないように載置することが容易に可能である。 When placing sandbags, a plurality of sandbags may be crossed. By providing the intersection, the weight of the intersection increases and the sandbag can be effectively prevented from shifting or moving. Crossing causes a step, but in the present invention, because the sand sac is formed with a tubular knitted fabric, the knitted fabric fits well in the stepped portion so that there is no gap with the ground. It can be easily placed.
本発明においては、養生部によって１辺０．３〜３．３ｍの略方形の区画を形成するよう前記円柱状砂嚢を配列させ、養生部に植物を育成するのも好ましい。格子状（略方形）に載置して、養生部に植物を生長させ、その植物によって草方格のようなものを形成するものである。草方格の効果により格子内は飛来してくる種子等によって緑化し、最終的に全体を緑化することができる。格子状に載置するにおいて並列させる本数の組み合わせは自由に選択できる。タテとヨコとで並列させる本数を変えてもかまわない。一辺の幅が０．３ｍよりも短いと、単位面積あたりに設置する砂嚢の設置面積の割合が大きく、施行作業負荷およびコストの面からも一般には適さない。３．３ｍを超えると区画内の砂の飛散や流動が大きく、好ましくない。より好ましくは、図７のように養生部を間に形成させてタテ、ヨコ共に２本並列にした砂嚢を前記規定の長さで格子状（略方形）に載置したものである。さらに好ましくは、養生部によって１辺０．８〜２．０ｍの幅で前記手法２本並列に載置して略方形の区画を形成することである。 In the present invention, it is also preferable to arrange the cylindrical sand sac so as to form a substantially square section having a side of 0.3 to 3.3 m by the curing part, and to grow a plant in the curing part. It is placed in a lattice shape (substantially square shape), a plant is grown on the curing part, and a plant-like shape is formed by the plant. Due to the effect of the grass square, the inside of the lattice can be greened by flying seeds and the like, and finally the whole can be greened. The combination of the number to be arranged in parallel in placing in a lattice shape can be freely selected. You may change the number of parallel lines between vertical and horizontal. If the width of one side is shorter than 0.3 m, the ratio of the installation area of sandbags to be installed per unit area is large, and it is generally not suitable from the viewpoint of enforcement work load and cost. When it exceeds 3.3 m, the scattering and flow of sand in the compartment are large, which is not preferable. More preferably, as shown in FIG. 7, a sand sac formed with a curing part in between and having two vertical and horizontal sides arranged in parallel is placed in a lattice shape (substantially square) with the prescribed length. More preferably, the two sections are placed in parallel with a width of 0.8 to 2.0 m on one side by the curing unit to form a substantially square section.
なお、草方格とは、中国内蒙古地区において、砂流動を抑制し砂を定着させる緑化手法として古くから用いられている緑化手法である。この草方格と呼ばれる緑化手法は、麦わらを利用した治砂手法であり、砂地表面に１ｍ間隔などで格子状の線を引き、該格子の線に沿ってスコップを使って溝を掘り、その溝に麦わら等を立てて全体として砂が移動しにくい状態を形成するとともに、格子線内の裸地に種子を蒔き、牧草の育成を図っていくというものである。 In addition, Kusakagata is a greening technique that has been used for a long time as a greening technique in the Inner Mongolia area of China that suppresses sand flow and fixes sand. This greening method called Kusakakata is a sand-control method using straw, and draws a grid-like line on the sand surface at intervals of 1 m, etc., and digs a ditch using a scoop along the grid line. Straw and the like are set up in the groove to form a state in which the sand is difficult to move as a whole, and seeds are sown on the bare ground in the grid lines to grow grass.
本発明では、図７のような場合においては、播種は養生部だけに限らず略方形の区画内にも行ってよいが、防風壁、防砂壁の効果を発揮する養生部に播種するだけでも緑化の効果は望め、また種子にかかるコストの低減、および播種作業の効率化の面からも養生部にのみ播種する方が好ましい。 In the present invention, in the case as shown in FIG. 7, sowing may be performed not only in the curing part but also in a substantially rectangular section, but only by sowing in the curing part that exhibits the effect of the windbreak wall and the sandproof wall. It is preferable to sow only in the curing part from the viewpoint of reducing the cost of seeds and improving the efficiency of sowing work.
発明において、砂嚢内に詰める砂は任意のものでよいが、施工対象現場の砂を用いることが、輸送効率を高めるため好ましい。 In the invention, the sand to be packed in the sand sac may be arbitrary, but it is preferable to use the sand at the construction target site in order to increase the transportation efficiency.
本発明において、筒状編地に用いられる繊維材料としては天然繊維、再生繊維、合成繊維等のいずれの繊維でも可能であり、またそのいずれかの繊維を複数種類、混紡、混繊、交編等の手段により混用することも可能である。 In the present invention, the fiber material used for the tubular knitted fabric can be any fiber such as natural fiber, regenerated fiber, synthetic fiber, etc., and any of these fibers can be used in a plurality of types, mixed spinning, mixed fiber, knitting. It is also possible to mix them by such means.
天然繊維、再生繊維はいずれも生物由来の原料を使用しており生分解性を有し、本発明に用いた際には所期の目的を達し、最終的に砂嚢が不要になった場合でも回収する必要はないため、好ましく用いられる。 Both natural fibers and regenerated fibers use bio-derived raw materials and are biodegradable. When used in the present invention, they achieve their intended purpose, and even when sandbags are no longer needed. Since it is not necessary to collect, it is preferably used.
合成繊維は品質が安定した長繊維が安価に得られるため、編地を製造するまでの加工性に優れ、一般に天然繊維、再生繊維に比して耐久性に優れるため、施工後の維持管理が容易であり、好ましく用いられる。 Synthetic fibers can be obtained at low cost with stable quality, so they have excellent processability until knitted fabrics are manufactured, and are generally more durable than natural fibers and recycled fibers. It is easy and is preferably used.
本発明においては、筒状編地の素材として最も好ましくはポリ乳酸繊維が用いられるものである。 In the present invention, polylactic acid fibers are most preferably used as the material for the tubular knitted fabric.
ポリ乳酸繊維は植物由来のバイオマスを原料とし、生分解性を持つ上に、合成繊維の良さである安定した品質の長繊維が安価に得られ、適度な強度、耐熱性を有するため加工が容易である。さらに耐光性に優れ、適度な耐久性を併せ持つため、施工した後、植物が生長して砂嚢が不要になるまでの期間である２年〜５年以上の耐久性、耐光、耐候性を有しつつ、最終的には二酸化炭素と水に分解するため、後処理が不要で環境にやさしい繊維であるという大きな利点を有するためである。 Polylactic acid fiber is made from plant-derived biomass and is biodegradable. In addition to being a good synthetic fiber, stable quality long fibers can be obtained at low cost, and it has moderate strength and heat resistance, making it easy to process. It is. Furthermore, because it has excellent light resistance and moderate durability, it has a durability, light resistance, and weather resistance of 2 to 5 years or more, which is the period from when the plant grows until the sandbag is no longer needed. On the other hand, since it eventually decomposes into carbon dioxide and water, it has the great advantage that it is an environment-friendly fiber that does not require post-treatment.
本発明において、ポリ乳酸繊維とはポリ乳酸系樹脂を公知の技術である溶融紡糸法によって繊維化したものである。ここで乳酸系樹脂とは、ポリ乳酸ホモポリマーの他、乳酸コポリマー、ブレンドポリマーを含むものである。乳酸系ポリマーの重量平均分子量は、一般に５〜５０万である。また、乳酸系ポリマーにおけるＬ−乳酸単位、Ｄ−乳酸単位の構成モル比Ｌ／Ｄは、１００／０〜０／１００のいずれであっても良いが、高い融点を得るにはＬ乳酸あるいはＤ乳酸いずれかの単位を７５モル％以上、さらに高い融点を得るにはＬ乳酸あるいはＤ乳酸のいずれかの単位を９０モル％以上含むことが好ましい。 In the present invention, the polylactic acid fiber is obtained by fiberizing a polylactic acid resin by a melt spinning method which is a known technique. Here, the lactic acid resin includes a lactic acid copolymer and a blend polymer in addition to a polylactic acid homopolymer. The weight average molecular weight of the lactic acid polymer is generally 5 to 500,000. In addition, the constituent molar ratio L / D of the L-lactic acid unit and D-lactic acid unit in the lactic acid-based polymer may be 100/0 to 0/100, but L lactic acid or D may be used to obtain a high melting point. In order to obtain 75 mol% or more of any unit of lactic acid and a higher melting point, it is preferable to contain 90 mol% or more of either unit of L lactic acid or D lactic acid.
乳酸コポリマーは、乳酸モノマーまたはラクチドと共重合可能な他の成分とが共重合されたものである。このような他の成分としては、２個以上のエステル結合形成性の官能基を持つジカルボン酸、多価アルコール、ヒドロキシカルボン酸、ラクトン等、及びこれらの種々の構成成分よりなる各種ポリエステル、各種ポリエーテル、各種ポリカーボネート等が挙げられる。 The lactic acid copolymer is obtained by copolymerizing a lactic acid monomer or other component copolymerizable with lactide. Examples of such other components include dicarboxylic acids having two or more ester bond-forming functional groups, polyhydric alcohols, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, and the like, and various polyesters and various polyesters composed of these various components. Examples include ether and various polycarbonates.
また、分子量増大を目的として、少量の鎖延長剤、例えばヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートなどのジイソシアネート化合物を使用して高分子量化する方法、あるいはカーボネート化合物を用いて脂肪族ポリエステルカーボネートを得る方法を使用しても良い。 For the purpose of increasing the molecular weight, a method of increasing the molecular weight using a small amount of a chain extender, for example, a diisocyanate compound such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, or aliphatic using a carbonate compound A method of obtaining polyester carbonate may be used.
さらに、乳酸系ポリマーの性質を損なわない範囲で、酸化防止剤等の添加剤や粒子を含有しても良い。 Furthermore, additives and particles such as an antioxidant may be contained within a range that does not impair the properties of the lactic acid polymer.
本発明では、ポリ乳酸繊維のカルボキシル末端量が１０当量／ｔ以下とすることも好ましい。該カルボキシル末端量が１０当量／ｔ以下であると、ポリ乳酸繊維の加水分解を抑制できる。ポリ乳酸繊維のカルボキシル末端量を１０当量／ｔ以下にする方法としては、原料樹脂の段階で、例えば脂肪族アルコールやアミド化合物などの縮合反応型化合物や、カルボジイミド化合物、エポキシ化合物、オキサゾリン化合物、オキサジン化合物、アジリジン化合物などの付加反応型の化合物などをポリ乳酸のカルボキシル末端に反応させて封鎖すれば良い。後者の付加反応型の化合物を用いれば、例えば、アルコールとカルボキシル基の脱水縮合反応による末端封鎖のように余分な副生成物を反応系外に排出する必要がないため、ポリ乳酸を溶融紡糸する際に付加反応型の化合物を添加・混合・反応させることができるため、実用的に十分高い分子量や耐熱性および耐加水分解性を兼ね備えた反応形成物を得るにあたり有利である。 In this invention, it is also preferable that the amount of carboxyl ends of a polylactic acid fiber shall be 10 equivalent / t or less. When the carboxyl terminal amount is 10 equivalent / t or less, hydrolysis of polylactic acid fiber can be suppressed. As a method for reducing the carboxyl terminal amount of polylactic acid fiber to 10 equivalent / t or less, at the raw material resin stage, for example, condensation reaction type compounds such as aliphatic alcohols and amide compounds, carbodiimide compounds, epoxy compounds, oxazoline compounds, oxazines An addition reaction type compound such as a compound or an aziridine compound may be blocked by reacting with the carboxyl terminus of polylactic acid. If the latter addition reaction type compound is used, polylactic acid is melt-spun because there is no need to discharge extra by-products out of the reaction system, such as end-capping by dehydration condensation reaction of alcohol and carboxyl group. At this time, since an addition reaction type compound can be added, mixed and reacted, it is advantageous for obtaining a reaction product having a practically sufficiently high molecular weight, heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance.
上記付加反応型化合物の中でもポリ乳酸にカルボジイミド化合物を添加する方法が好ましい。ポリ乳酸ポリマーまたはそれに含まれるオリゴマーの反応活性末端をカルボジイミド化合物で封鎖することにより、ポリマー中の反応活性末端を不活性化しポリ乳酸の加水分解を抑制するものである。ここで言うカルボジイミド化合物は、例えば特開平１１−８０５２２号公報に記載のようにジイソシアネート化合物を重合したものが好適に用いられるが、中でも４，４’−ジシクロヘキシルメタンカルボジイミドの重合体やテトラメチルキシリレンカルボジイミドの重合体やその末端をポリエチレングリコール等で封鎖したものが好ましい。 Among the above addition reaction type compounds, a method of adding a carbodiimide compound to polylactic acid is preferable. By blocking the reaction active terminal of the polylactic acid polymer or the oligomer contained therein with a carbodiimide compound, the reaction active terminal in the polymer is inactivated and hydrolysis of polylactic acid is suppressed. As the carbodiimide compound mentioned here, for example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a diisocyanate compound as described in JP-A No. 11-80522 is preferably used. A carbodiimide polymer and its end blocked with polyethylene glycol or the like are preferred.
カルボジイミド化合物はポリ乳酸ポリマーおよびそれに含まれるオリゴマーの反応活性末端をカルボジイミド化合物で封鎖することにより、ポリマー中の反応活性末端を不活性化しポリ乳酸の加水分解を抑制するものである。この反応活性末端は水酸基、カルボキシル基があるが、カルボジイミド化合物はカルボキシル基の封鎖性に優れている。カルボジイミド化合物の添加量はカルボキシル末端量に対して決める。さらにラクチド等の残存オリゴマーも加水分解によりカルボキシル末端を生じることから、ポリマーのカルボキシル末端だけでなく、残存オリゴマーやモノマー由来のものも併せたトータルカルボキシル末端量の２倍当量以下とすることが好ましい。末端封鎖によりトータルカルボキシル末端濃度はポリ乳酸全体に対し、１０当量／ｔ以下であると耐加水分解性を飛躍的に向上することができ好ましい。 The carbodiimide compound blocks the reaction active ends of the polylactic acid polymer and the oligomers contained therein with the carbodiimide compound, thereby inactivating the reaction active ends in the polymer and suppressing polylactic acid hydrolysis. Although this reactive terminal has a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, the carbodiimide compound is excellent in the blocking property of the carboxyl group. The addition amount of the carbodiimide compound is determined with respect to the carboxyl end amount. Furthermore, since residual oligomers such as lactide also generate a carboxyl terminal by hydrolysis, it is preferable to make it not more than twice the total carboxyl terminal amount of not only the carboxyl terminal of the polymer but also those derived from the residual oligomer and monomer. It is preferable that the total carboxyl terminal concentration is 10 equivalent / t or less with respect to the whole polylactic acid due to the end-capping, because the hydrolysis resistance can be remarkably improved.
筒状編地の製編方法としては各種編機、編組織を採用することが可能であるが、筒状の編地を製編できる丸編機で平編組織とすることが生産性に優れ、好適に用いられる。 Various knitting machines and knitting structures can be adopted as the method for knitting the tubular knitted fabric, but it is excellent in productivity to make a flat knitted structure with a circular knitting machine capable of knitting a tubular knitted fabric. Are preferably used.
本発明において、砂嚢の載置によって形成される養生部には、砂もしくは養土を埋めることが好ましい。養生部の上部は吹き付ける風が一番強くなることから、砂嚢の高さ以上に砂はたまらず、砂が降っても図８のように堆積する。養生部に埋めるものを養土とすることで、種子もしくは苗の生長を促進させることができ、より早い砂漠緑化を可能とする。また、種子によっては砂地が植生地に適さないものがあるが、養土を用いることで砂地でも育成を可能とする。養土には保水材、肥料、及び土壌改良材等を含めることが可能である。肥料は、例えばピートモス、バーク堆肥等を混合してもよいが、家畜の糞を現地の砂に混ぜることで容易に作成可能である。 In this invention, it is preferable to bury sand or a soil in the curing part formed by mounting a sandbag. Since the wind blown at the upper part of the curing part is the strongest, the sand does not accumulate more than the height of the sandbag, and even if the sand falls, it accumulates as shown in FIG. By using soil to be buried in the curing section, seed or seedling growth can be promoted, enabling faster desert greening. Some seeds are not suitable for vegetation, but they can be grown on sand by using soil. The soil can contain water retention materials, fertilizers, and soil conditioners. The fertilizer may be mixed with, for example, peat moss or bark compost, but can be easily prepared by mixing livestock droppings with local sand.
砂嚢袋内に砂を詰める方法は限定されないが、例えば特開２００５−１１０５９０号公報に開示されているような筒型アダプターを使用し、該筒型アダプターに砂もしくは養土を入れ、これを筒状生地に移す方法、さらに筒型アダプターにホッパーを取り付けた装置を使用することで作業性に優れ好ましい。より好ましくは、該装置の脚に柔らかい砂地への埋没防止を考慮した幅広の車輪を取り付け、砂を詰めると同時に該装置を載置方向に移動させることで、砂嚢袋の作成と同時に設置することができ、砂嚢を運搬する作業を簡略化できる。 The method for filling the sandbag bag with sand is not limited. For example, a cylindrical adapter as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-110590 is used, and sand or soil is put into the cylindrical adapter, and this is used as a cylinder. It is excellent in workability by using a method of transferring to a dough and a device having a hopper attached to a cylindrical adapter. More preferably, a wide wheel is attached to the leg of the device in consideration of prevention of burying in soft sand, and the device is moved in the mounting direction at the same time as the sand is filled, so that the device is installed simultaneously with the creation of the sandbag. This can simplify the work of transporting sandbags.
本発明における筒状編地のＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１８ ８．１０（１９９９）に基づいて測定するカバーファクターは５〜２０であることが好ましい。カバーファクターがこの範囲内であれば、施工作業中および設置後の環境中における編目からの砂の漏出を少なくすることができる。目付は特に限定されないが、砂の漏出に耐えることができる耐久性、強度などの点から、好ましい目付としては５０〜５００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内、好ましい編糸の太さは５０〜５００デシテックスの範囲内である。 It is preferable that the cover factor measured based on JIS L 1018 8.10 (1999) of the tubular knitted fabric in the present invention is 5-20. If the cover factor is within this range, sand leakage from the stitches during the construction work and in the environment after installation can be reduced. The basis weight is not particularly limited, but in terms of durability, strength, etc. that can withstand sand leakage, the preferred basis weight is in the range of 50 to 500 g / m 2 , and the preferred knitting yarn thickness is 50 to 500 dtex. Within range.
以下に、実施例によって本発明を更に詳細に説明する。なお、物性の測定には以下の方法を用いた。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. In addition, the following methods were used for the measurement of physical properties.
Ａ．カバーファクター
ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１８ ８．１０（１９９９）に基づいて測定した。恒重式番手で表示される繊維は繊度（テックス）に換算して求めた。
A. Cover factor Measured based on JIS L 1018 8.10 (1999). The fiber displayed by the constant weight type count was calculated in terms of fineness (tex).
Ｂ．砂嚢の断面積
平坦な面に直線上に置かれた砂嚢の長手方向に直交する断面について、両端部からそれぞれ１５ｃｍの部位および中央部３点（封鎖する加工を行った部分を除く）の合計５点について、紐によって円周を測定し、その平均値を算出して円周Ｌ（ｃｍ）とした。その円周Ｌを真円の円周と仮定して、以下の式によりその真円の半径ｒ（ｃｍ）を算出した。
B. Cross-sectional area of
Ｌ＝２πｒ
ここにπ：円周率
これを基に以下の式
Ａ＝πｒ２
により砂嚢の断面積Ａ（ｃｍ２）を算出した。
L = 2πr
Here, π: Pi ratio Based on this, the following formula A = πr 2
Was used to calculate the cross-sectional area A (cm 2 ) of the sandbag.
Ｃ．相対粘度
０．０１ｇ／ｍＬの９８％硫酸溶液を調整し２５℃で測定した。
C. A 98% sulfuric acid solution having a relative viscosity of 0.01 g / mL was prepared and measured at 25 ° C.
Ｄ．溶融粘度
東洋精機（株）社製キャピログラフ１Ｂを用い、チッソ雰囲気下において測定温度を２４０℃に設定し、せん断速度１２１６ｓｅｃ−１で３回測定し、平均値を溶融粘度とした。
D. Melt Viscosity Using Capillograph 1B manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., the measurement temperature was set to 240 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and measurement was performed three times at a shear rate of 1216 sec −1 , and the average value was taken as the melt viscosity.
Ｅ．植生度
植生度は、下記の基準に従い評価した。なお、植生している割合は目視によって測定した。
５：植生している割合が調査面積の３／４以上を占めているもの
４：植生している割合が調査面積の１／２〜３／４以上を占めているもの
３：植生している割合が調査面積の１／４〜１／２以上を占めているもの
２：植生している割合が調査面積の１／１０〜１／４以上を占めているもの
１：植生している割合が調査面積の１／１０以下で草木の個体数が少ないもの。
E. Vegetation degree The vegetation degree was evaluated according to the following criteria. The proportion of vegetation was measured visually.
5: The ratio of vegetation accounts for 3/4 or more of the survey area 4: The ratio of vegetation accounts for 1/2 to 3/4 or more of the survey area 3: Vegetation The ratio occupies 1/4 to 1/2 or more of the survey area 2: The ratio of vegetation accounts for 1/10 to 1/4 or more of the survey area 1: The ratio of vegetation Those with less than 1/10 of the survey area and a small number of plants.
実施例１
ポリ乳酸（ＰＬＡ）樹脂（相対粘度３．４２、溶融粘度２００Ｐａ・ｓｅｃ−１、融点１６８℃）を溶融紡糸し、１０６デシテックス、２６フィラメントの半延伸糸を得た。これを２本混繊して延伸−仮撚加工を行い、８４デシテックス、２６フィラメント双糸の仮撚加工糸を得た。これを釜径３．５インチ、２２ゲージの丸編み機を用いて平編し、カバーファクター１２．３の筒状編地を得た。この筒状編地を約１１ｍの長さに切断して、一端に結び目を作って閉じ、他方より砂をいっぱいに詰めながら長さ１１ｍの砂嚢を１６本作成した。このとき砂嚢の断面積は５２．８ｃｍ２であった。
Example 1
A polylactic acid (PLA) resin (relative viscosity 3.42, melt viscosity 200 Pa · sec −1 , melting point 168 ° C.) was melt-spun to obtain a 106 dtex, 26 filament semi-stretched yarn. Two of these were mixed and stretched and false twisted to obtain a false twisted yarn of 84 dtex and 26 filament twin yarn. This was flat knitted using a round knitting machine having a hook diameter of 3.5 inches and a 22 gauge to obtain a tubular knitted fabric having a cover factor of 12.3. This tubular knitted fabric was cut to a length of about 11 m, knotted at one end and closed, and 16 sand bags with a length of 11 m were made while filling the sand from the other side. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the sandbag was 52.8 cm 2 .
春初頭、中国蒙古自治区にある流動砂漠の一画にあるほぼ平面な砂地面に、幅３０ｃｍの養生部を形成するよう砂嚢を２本並列にし、この形成される養生部によって１辺３ｍの区画が９つ形成するよう直交させて載置した。その後１ヶ月間放置し、砂地が安定したところで養生部内に羊柴の種を３０ｃｍ間隔で播種した。その後更に１１ヶ月放置し、養生部および区画内の植生状況を観察した。なお、その間に灌水、追肥の処理は行っていない。 At the beginning of spring, two sandbags were juxtaposed to form a 30 cm wide cured part on the almost flat sand ground in the flow desert in the Mongolian Autonomous Region of China. Were placed orthogonally so as to form nine. Then, it was allowed to stand for 1 month, and when the sand was stabilized, sheep seeds were sown at 30 cm intervals in the curing section. After that, it was left for another 11 months, and the vegetation situation in the curing part and the section was observed. In the meantime, irrigation and topdressing are not performed.
比較例１
実施例１と同じ実験場の砂地面１００ｍ２にて、何も載置せず、また種子も播かずに、１年間放置し、植生状況を観察した。なお、その間に灌水、追肥の処理は行っていない。
Comparative Example 1
On the sandy ground 100 m 2 of the same experimental site as in Example 1, nothing was placed and seeds were not sown and left for one year to observe the vegetation situation. In the meantime, irrigation and topdressing are not performed.
比較例２
実施例１と同様の筒状編地を約１０ｍの長さに切断して、一端に結び目を作って閉じ、他方より砂をいっぱいに詰めながら長さ１０ｍの砂嚢を８本作成した。砂丘のほぼ平面な砂地面に、養生部は形成せず、１本の砂嚢を１辺３ｍの区画が９つ形成するよう直交させて載置した。播種は行っていない。その後１年間放置し、区画内の植生状況を観察した。なお、その間に灌水、追肥の処理は行っていない。
Comparative Example 2
A cylindrical knitted fabric similar to that in Example 1 was cut to a length of about 10 m, knotted at one end and closed, and eight sand bags with a length of 10 m were made while filling the sand from the other side. A curing part was not formed on the substantially flat sand ground of the sand dune, and one sandbag was placed perpendicularly so that nine sections each having 3 m on each side were formed. No sowing was performed. After that, it was left for one year and observed the vegetation situation in the plot. In the meantime, irrigation and topdressing are not performed.
実施例１、比較例１及び２の結果を表１に示す。 The results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1.
この結果から、実施例１は比較例１及び２に比べ明らかに植生度が優れていることが確認された。比較例１では、砂が風力で移動することでたとえ飛来した種から芽が出ても埋もれて植物が地につかない。また、比較例２では砂の移動を防止することは可能であっても、飛来する種による植生だけでは植生度が劣る。 From this result, it was confirmed that Example 1 was clearly superior in vegetation compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In the comparative example 1, even if a bud comes out from the seed which came by the sand moving with a wind force, it will be buried and a plant will not touch the ground. Moreover, even if it is possible to prevent the movement of sand in Comparative Example 2, the vegetation degree is inferior only by vegetation by flying seeds.
実施例２
実施例１の試験内容のうち、養生部の幅を１０ｃｍに変更して、同様の試験を実施した。
Example 2
Among the test contents of Example 1, the width of the curing part was changed to 10 cm, and the same test was performed.
実施例３
実施例１の試験内容のうち、養生部の幅を１５ｃｍに変更して、同様の試験を実施した。
Example 3
Among the test contents of Example 1, the width of the curing part was changed to 15 cm, and the same test was performed.
比較例３
実施例１の試験内容のうち、養生部の幅を４０ｃｍに変更して、同様の試験を実施した。
Comparative Example 3
Among the test contents of Example 1, the width of the curing part was changed to 40 cm, and the same test was performed.
比較例４
実施例１の試験内容のうち、養生部の幅を５０ｃｍに変更して、同様の試験を実施した。
Comparative Example 4
Among the test contents of Example 1, the width of the curing part was changed to 50 cm, and the same test was performed.
実施例２、３、比較例３及び４の結果を表２に示す。 The results of Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are shown in Table 2.
この結果から、実施例２及び３の植生度は実施例１より優れていることが確認され、また、比較例３及び４の植生度は実施例１より劣っていることが確認された。 From this result, it was confirmed that the vegetation degree of Example 2 and 3 was superior to Example 1, and the vegetation degree of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was confirmed to be inferior to Example 1.
実施例４
実施例１と同様の筒状編地を約１４ｍの長さに切断して、一端に結び目を作って閉じ、他方より砂をいっぱいに詰めながら長さ１４ｍの砂嚢を１６本作成した。砂丘のほぼ平面な砂地面に、幅３０ｃｍの養生部を形成するよう砂嚢を２本並列にし、この形成される養生部によって１辺４ｍの区画が９つ形成するよう直交させて載置した。その後１ヶ月間放置し、砂地が安定したところで養生部内に羊柴の種を３０ｃｍ間隔で播種した。その後更に１１ヶ月放置し、養生部および区画内の植生状況を観察した。なお、その間に灌水、追肥の処理は行っていない。
Example 4
A tubular knitted fabric similar to that of Example 1 was cut to a length of about 14 m, knotted at one end and closed, and 16 sand bags with a length of 14 m were made while filling the sand from the other side. Two sandbags were juxtaposed on the substantially flat sand ground of the sand dune so as to form a cured portion having a width of 30 cm, and placed perpendicularly so that nine sections having a side of 4 m were formed by the formed cured portion. Then, it was allowed to stand for 1 month, and when the sand was stabilized, sheep seeds were sown at 30 cm intervals in the curing section. After that, it was left for another 11 months, and the vegetation situation in the curing part and the section was observed. In the meantime, irrigation and topdressing are not performed.
実施例５
実施例４の試験内容のうち、砂嚢の長さを１７ｍに変更して、養生部によって形成される１辺の長さを５ｍとし、区画が９つ形成するよう変更して、同様の試験を実施した。
Example 5
Of the test contents of Example 4, the length of the sand sac is changed to 17 m, the length of one side formed by the curing part is set to 5 m, and the same test is performed by changing so that nine sections are formed. Carried out.
実施例４及び５の結果を表３に示す。 The results of Examples 4 and 5 are shown in Table 3.
この結果から、実施例４及び５の植生度は実施例１より劣っていることが確認された。区画面積が大きくなればなるほど、砂移動防止効果が弱まり、砂移動の影響によって種や芽が埋もれたり飛ばされたりする可能性が大きくなり植生度が低下したと推測できる。 From this result, it was confirmed that the vegetation degree of Examples 4 and 5 was inferior to Example 1. It can be inferred that the larger the partition area, the weaker the sand movement prevention effect, and the greater the possibility that seeds and buds will be buried or skipped due to the effect of sand movement, resulting in a decrease in vegetation.
実施例６
東レ株式会社製ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）仮撚り加工糸（１６７デシテックス、４８フィラメント、Ｂ２０Ｚ）を用いて実施例１と同様に平編し、カバーファクターが１０．３の筒状編地を得た。この筒状編地を約１１ｍの長さに切断して、一端に結び目を作って閉じ、他方より砂をいっぱいに詰めながら長さ１１ｍの砂嚢を作成した。このとき砂嚢の断面積は５６．６ｃｍ２であった。
この砂嚢を用いて実施例１と同様の試験を実施した。
Example 6
Using a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) false twisted yarn (167 dtex, 48 filament, B20Z) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., flat knitting was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a tubular knitted fabric having a cover factor of 10.3. This tubular knitted fabric was cut to a length of about 11 m, knotted at one end and closed, and a sandbag with a length of 11 m was created while filling the sand from the other side. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the sandbag was 56.6 cm 2 .
The same test as Example 1 was implemented using this sandbag.
なお、この実施例の砂嚢は、実施後に撤去した。ＰＥＴ繊維は、紫外線劣化により分子量が低下し崩壊することが予想されるが、崩壊物は飛散しても自然環境中で分解されず半永久的に残るため、実施後に撤去したものである。 In addition, the sandbag of this Example was removed after implementation. The PET fiber is expected to collapse due to a decrease in molecular weight due to ultraviolet degradation, but the disintegrated material is not decomposed in the natural environment even if it is scattered and remains semipermanently.
実施例７
綿糸を用い、実施例１と同様に平編し、カバーファクター１３．１の筒状編地を得た。この筒状編地を約１１ｍの長さに切断して、一端に結び目を作って閉じ、他方より砂をいっぱいに詰めながら長さ１１ｍの砂嚢を作成した。このとき砂嚢の断面積は５７．６ｃｍ２であった。
この砂嚢を用いて実施例１と同様の試験を実施した。
Example 7
Using cotton yarn, flat knitting was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a tubular knitted fabric with a cover factor of 13.1. This tubular knitted fabric was cut to a length of about 11 m, knotted at one end and closed, and a sandbag with a length of 11 m was created while filling the sand from the other side. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the sandbag was 57.6 cm 2 .
The same test as Example 1 was implemented using this sandbag.
実施例６及び７の結果を表４に示す。 The results of Examples 6 and 7 are shown in Table 4.
この結果から、実施例６及び実施例７の植生度は実施例１と同等の効果であることが確認された。 From this result, it was confirmed that the vegetation degree of Example 6 and Example 7 was the same effect as Example 1.
本発明の植物の育成方法は、砂漠地帯や砂丘地帯における効率的かつ確実な植生方法として採用することができる。 The plant growing method of the present invention can be employed as an efficient and reliable vegetation method in desert areas and dune areas.
１：円柱状砂嚢
２：養生部
３：種子
４：生育した苗もしくは樹木
５：堆積した砂
６：養生部を埋めた砂もしくは養土
７：略方形の区画
Ａ：養生部の幅
1: Cylindrical sandbag 2: Curing part 3: Seed 4: Grown seedling or tree 5: Accumulated sand 6: Sand or soil filled with curing part 7: Approximate square section A: Width of curing part
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014038668A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | 東レ株式会社 | Method for preventing sand movement in sandy soil |
| CN103929943A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2014-07-16 | 东丽株式会社 | Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants |
| CN108055977A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-22 | 柳州市汉象教育咨询有限责任公司 | A kind of method of Rocky Desertification Region plantation dragon fruit |
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