JP2015107082A - Greening material and soil improvement structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a novel greening material which can be provided to a plant with simple construction.SOLUTION: The greening material comprises a chip body 2 in which meat of a jelly fish is processed into a granule or small piece, and a biodegradable sheet 1. The chip bodies 2 are retained by the sheet 1. The biodegradable sheet 1 is preferably composed of nonwoven fabric made from polylactic acid fiber. The chip bodies 2 can be inserted between a pair of the sheets 1, 1, can be embedded inside the sheet 1, and can be provided inside a package formed by the sheet 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening material and a soil improvement structure using the material.

  As a method of using non-edible jellyfish such as Echizen jellyfish, the body of this jellyfish is dried and then crushed or crushed to form a granular or small chip body, and this chip body is embedded in the soil. It is known that the soil is modified to be suitable for plant growth, that is, the chip body is used as a greening material (Patent Document 1). The chip body is mixed with soil and then applied to the plant. Such a dried jellyfish chip body has water retention and can be finally decomposed by microorganisms to function as a slow-acting fertilizer.

JP 2008-74886 A

  An object of the present invention is to improve such a conventional greening material and obtain a new greening material that can be applied to a plant by simple construction.

  In order to achieve this object, the greening material of the present invention contains a chip body in which the body of a jellyfish is processed into a granular or small piece and a biodegradable sheet, and the chip body is held by the sheet. It is characterized by being.

  With such a configuration, the chip body is not dissipated in the soil because it is held by the sheet, and this planting material can be applied to plants simply by excavating the soil and laying the planting material, It is possible to work more easily than the conventional method in which the chip body is mixed with the soil. Since the sheet has biodegradability, it is eventually biodegraded in the same way as the jellyfish itself, and there is an advantage that the sheet does not remain in the soil and adversely affect the environment.

  According to the present invention, it is preferable that the biodegradable sheet is formed of fibers made of biodegradable aliphatic polyester. With such a configuration, since the sheet has water retention, both the water retention effect of the chip body using the jellyfish body and the water retention effect of the sheet can be expected. For this purpose, the sheet is preferably a fabric, and the fabric is particularly preferably a non-woven fabric.

  According to the present invention, the tip body is held by the sheet and is not dissipated in the soil, compared to the conventional tip body mixed with the soil and then applied to the plant. Since this greening material can be applied to plants simply by laying the greening material, it can be easily operated, and since the sheet has biodegradability, it will eventually be biodegraded in the same way as the jellyfish itself. Has the advantage that it remains in the soil and does not adversely affect the environment.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the biodegradable sheet is formed of fibers made of biodegradable aliphatic polyester, both the water retention effect of the chip body using the jellyfish body and the water retention effect of the sheet Can be expected.

It is a figure which shows the cross-section of the greening material of embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the principal part in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the cross-section of the greening material of other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the greening material shown in FIGS. It is an enlarged view which shows the cross-section of the greening material of other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the soil improvement structure using the greening material of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the soil improvement structure of this invention. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the soil improvement structure of this invention. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the soil improvement structure of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the principal part in FIG.

  In the greening material shown in FIG. 1, reference numerals 1 and 1 denote a pair of sheets, which are formed of a biodegradable material. Although the sheet | seat 1 can also be made into the form of a film, it is preferable to be comprised with the fiber structure using a biodegradable resin, and can be equipped with water retention property by it. In order to provide good water retention, the fiber structure is preferably a fabric, and examples of the fabric include woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric. Among these, a nonwoven fabric is advantageous from the viewpoint of productivity.

  Examples of the biodegradable resin constituting the sheet include biodegradable polyester and other generally known resins. Among them, polylactic acid is preferable because it can be obtained using plant materials such as corn. Of course, other resins using plant materials can also be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a large number of chip bodies 2 are sandwiched between a pair of sheets 1, 1 made of, for example, a nonwoven fabric. The chip body 2 is made into a granular or small piece by crushing or pulverizing the jellyfish after drying. As such a chip body 2, for example, one described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-74886) described above can be suitably used. The chip body 2 having a size of about several millimeters is preferable in terms of productivity and handling. However, other sizes can be used. In detail, the chip body 2 can be manufactured by a method described in Patent Document 1, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-185065, or the like. In FIG. 2, 4 is a fiber constituting the sheet 1 made of nonwoven fabric.

  The greening material shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can be obtained by sandwiching a large number of chip bodies 2 between a pair of sheets 1 and 1 and integrating these sheets 1 and 1 with each other. it can. The chip body 2 to be used is such that the amount per unit area of the sheets 1 and 1 is suitable for plant growth.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the sheet 1a is fed out from the roll 3a in the horizontal direction, a large number of chip bodies 2 are spread on the surface, and the sheet 1b fed out from the roll 3b is stacked thereon. If the sheet 1a and the sheet 1b are then integrated, the greening material shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

  As an example of means for integrating the sheets 1a and 1b made of nonwoven fabric, a thermal bonding technique can be given. That is, it is possible to perform thermal bonding with the heat-bonding fibers by mixing heat-bonding fibers among the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric and applying heat to the sheets 1a and 1b with hot air or the like. For example, when the nonwoven fabric is composed of polylactic acid fibers, fibers composed of 100% polylactic acid are used as the main fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric, and the heat-adhesive fibers are core-sheath fibers. In addition, the core portion is made of polylactic acid, and the sheath portion is made of a copolymer made of copolymer polylactic acid having a lower melting point, thereby using this heat-adhesive fiber as a binder fiber. Can do. In this case, it is preferable that the binder fibers occupy about 10 to 60% by mass of the total fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric. In addition, the manufacturing method of nonwoven fabric itself is arbitrary.

  FIG. 3 illustrates another means for integrating a pair of sheets made of nonwoven fabric. Here, the pair of sheets are integrated by a needle punch technique. That is, by applying needle punch to the sheet, the fibers 4 constituting one sheet and the fibers 4 constituting the other sheet are entangled three-dimensionally, so that both sheets are integrated. ing. As a result, the chip 2 is embedded in the integrated sheet 1.

In order to integrate the pair of sheets, other methods can be arbitrarily used.
A method for holding the jellyfish chip body 2 by the sheet 1 is also arbitrary. For example, in addition to the method shown in FIG. 4, the chip body 2 can also be mixed at the blending stage for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric, the stage after the card process, or the like.

  The sheet-like greening material obtained as described above can be in the form of being rolled up. Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a pad is formed by cutting for each fixed dimension.

  FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional structure of an example of a greening material according to another embodiment of the present invention. Here, a packaging body, that is, a packaging bag 15 in the illustrated example, is configured by the sheet 1, and the soil 5 including the chip body 2 is filled therein.

The greening material shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 preferably has a total basis weight of the sheet 1 and the chip body 2 of 3000 g / m ² or less, and 500 g / m ² or less from the viewpoint of handleability and the like. More preferably. The mass ratio of the sheet 1 and the chip body 2 can be (sheet 1) / (chip body 2) = 90 / 10-20 / 80. Preferably, (sheet 1) / (chip body 2) = 60/40 to 40/60. By setting the mass ratio of the chip body 2 within this range, it is possible to exhibit both the required water absorption by the chip body 2 and the performance as a fertilizer while maintaining that the greening material is a sheet-like body.

  FIG. 6 shows a soil improvement structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, 6 is a plant such as a tree, and when the plant 6 is planted on the ground 7, the greening material 8 of the present invention is laid in the soil. As illustrated, the greening material 8 may be in the form of a continuous sheet or in the form of a divided pad.

  The greening material 8 according to the present invention has a function in which the chip body 2 using jellyfish body has water retention and reversibly absorbs and discharges water. For this reason, when buried in the soil in the vicinity of the plant 6, it is possible to retain the required moisture in the vicinity of the plant 6 and to release excess moisture, so that the moisture in the vicinity of the plant 6 can be released. These conditions can be made suitable for the plant 6. In addition, the chip body 2 using the jellyfish body has a property of slowly absorbing and releasing moisture from the soil, and this property is suitable for the growth of the plant 6.

  Since the chip body 2 is held by the sheet 1 in the greening material of the present invention, the chip body 2 is not dissipated in the soil, and the chip body 2 is simply laid by digging the soil and laying the greening material. It can be embedded in a predetermined place near the plant. Moreover, since it is not necessary to mix the chip | tip body 2 with soil and to apply | coat to a plant like the past, it can work simply.

  The biodegradable sheet 1 is formed of biodegradable aliphatic polyester fibers, particularly polylactic acid non-woven fabric, so that the water retention effect of the chip body 2 using the jellyfish body and the non-woven fabric sheet Both the water retention effect by 1 can be expected. In particular, the sheet 1 made of nonwoven fabric can temporarily retain rain water during rain, and thus helps the chip body 2 using the jellyfish body to absorb moisture slowly as described above. There is an advantage of making. Thus, since the greening material of this invention has sufficient water retention effect, when artificial watering is required, the period until the next watering can be lengthened.

  Since the chip body 2 using the body of jellyfish contains phosphorus and nitrogen as components, it is biodegraded into fertilizer while exhibiting the water retention function described above for 1 to 2 years after being embedded in the soil. On the other hand, the biodegradable sheet 1 using a polylactic acid nonwoven fabric etc. is gradually biodegraded in the soil usually over 3 to 5 years. Therefore, the sheet 1 securely holds the chip body 2 while the chip body 2 exhibits the water retaining function, and the fertilizer is used while the chip body 2 functions as a fertilizer after biodegradation. It has the feature of functioning and disappearing in accordance with the function of the chip body 2 over time, that is, it is surely supplied to the plant and disappears by biodegradation after completing the role as a sheet.

  FIG. 7 shows a soil improvement structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the desert, a phenomenon in which salinity rises from the soil to the ground surface and oozes out is observed. In such a case, as shown in the drawing, a sheet 10 made of, for example, a nonwoven fabric is installed below the root 9 of the plant 6. If it does in this way, the raise of the salt content 11 more can be prevented because the sheet | seat 10 becomes a heterogeneous layer in sand. This sheet 10 can be the same as the sheet 1 described above. In some cases, the greening material 8 including the sheet 1 and the chip body 2 can be used as the sheet 10. In that case, in addition to the effect of preventing the salt content from increasing due to the sheet 1 becoming a non-uniform layer, the chip body 2 using the jellyfish body has the action of absorbing the salt content, so that the salt content reaches the plant 6. An effect of reliably preventing this can be obtained. For this reason, there is an advantage that the growth is not hindered when it is used for a salt-water-sensitive one such as a young tree.

  Therefore, according to the greening material of the present invention, it is possible to improve the survival rate after tree planting in areas where rainfall is low or in areas where there is salt damage, as well as helping the growth of trees, thereby promoting greening. It can be made easier.

  FIG. 8 shows another example of the greening material and the soil improvement structure of the present invention. Here, the seedling pot 12 is formed of the greening material. In the seedling pot 12, soil 5 and plants 6 are accommodated. This seedling pot 12 can be formed by the greening material shown in FIGS. That is, when the greening material includes the sheet 1 and the chip body 2 and the sheet 1 is made of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester resin, the sheet 1 is thermoformed to form a deep seedling pot 12. can do. In the case where the sheet 1 includes a heat-bondable fiber that can be used as the above-described binder fiber, it can be easily thermoformed at a lower temperature than when the sheet 1 is not included. Since the plant 6 is planted with the seedling pot 12, the sheet 1 of the seedling pot 12 has a rooting effect. The illustrated seedling pot 12 can also obtain the same water retention effect and fertilizer effect as those described above, and biodegrades and disappears after a predetermined time.

  9 and 10 show examples of the soil improvement structure of the present invention applied to slope greening. That is, the greening material 8 in the form of a package shown in FIG. 5 is used for the root 9 portion of the plant 6 planted on the slope 13. The greening material 8 is arranged in the root portion 9 of the plant and buried in the soil, so that it functions as a sandbag for protecting the slope 13 in addition to the water retention function and the fertilizer function described above. Have. By forming the packaging bag 15 filled with the chip body 2 and the soil 5 with the sheet body 1, that is, a nonwoven fabric composed of polylactic acid fiber, it is more durable than a conventional sandbag packed in a hemp bag or the like. Can be improved. The drawing shows a state where the plant 6 has grown after planting and the root 9 has passed through the packaging bag 15 formed by the sheet 1.

  In the illustrated example, another bag body 14 is installed in a portion closer to the ground surface than the greening material 8. This bag body 14 is one in which only the soil 5 is packed inside the packaging bag 15 formed of the sheet 1, and does not include the chip body 2. This bag body 14 is used exclusively to reinforce the slope, and its durability is improved by using the sheet 1 as described above.

1 sheet 2 chip body 6 plant 8 greening material

Claims (13)

  A greening material comprising a chip body in which the body of a jellyfish is processed into a granular or small piece and a biodegradable sheet, wherein the chip body is held by the sheet.   The greening material according to claim 1, wherein the biodegradable sheet is formed of fibers made of biodegradable aliphatic polyester.   The greening material according to claim 2, wherein the biodegradable aliphatic polyester is obtained from a plant raw material.   The greening material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the biodegradable aliphatic polyester is polylactic acid.   The greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sheet is a fabric.   The greening material according to claim 5, wherein the fabric is a non-woven fabric.   The greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a chip body is sandwiched between the pair of sheets.   The greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a chip body is embedded in the sheet.   The greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a chip body is arranged inside a package formed of a sheet.   The greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is in the form of a seedling pot.   A soil improvement structure, wherein the greening material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is embedded in soil in the vicinity of a plant.   The soil remodeling structure according to claim 11, wherein a biodegradable fiber sheet is buried below the root of the plant in the soil from which salt can be leached.   A soil remodeling structure, wherein the greening material according to claim 9 is embedded in soil near a plant on a slope.

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