CN103929943A - Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants - Google Patents
Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103929943A CN103929943A CN201280049978.6A CN201280049978A CN103929943A CN 103929943 A CN103929943 A CN 103929943A CN 201280049978 A CN201280049978 A CN 201280049978A CN 103929943 A CN103929943 A CN 103929943A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vegetation substrate
- cylindrical fabric
- vegetation
- plant
- culture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a vegetation bed comprising knit multifilament fibers made from aliphatic polyester, the vegetation bed having excellent transportability and excellent properties with respect to ultraviolet degradation. The present invention pertains to a vegetation bed composed of cylinders of knit fabric composed of a multifilament fiber comprising aliphatic polyester, and filled with a culture, the fabric being placed contiguously side by side, or to a vegetation bed characterized in being composed of two cylinders of knit fabric that are placed contiguously side by side, having a concave portion occurring at their top in which a culture is placed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of plant and for the vegetation substrate of the method.Also relate to vegetation substrate and use the breeding method of the plant of this vegetation substrate, described vegetation substrate can be suitable for the greening method etc. that plant is difficult to the wasteland of growth, UV resistant degradation characteristic is excellent simultaneously, even if it is also excellent also can to move as required or carry this respect after forming vegetation, also with improvement, the improvement of soil, and can cultivate plants.
Background technology
In recent years, as plant, be difficult to the greening method in the wasteland of growth, conventionally have directly plantation is easily grown on this soil the seedling of specified plant or the method for little tree.Also have to change the soil of ground matrix section, be modified to the easily soil of growth of common plant, plant afterwards and plant seedlings or the method for seed.
But, in these methods, all need a large amount of operations and considerable labour.
On the other hand, as about fairly simple, lightweight and thin thickness, do not limit construction site, and can easily form vegetation with the vegetation substrate organizator of substrate with side (side material) and vegetation substrate organizator, and the motion of formation method of using its vegetation, relevant for side ground for tubular vegetation substrate organizator, be filled with the motion of the vegetation substrate organizator of culture, described tubular vegetation substrate organizator is formed by circular knit (circular knitting fabric) with side ground, this circular knit is formed by synthetic fibres braiding, cover factor (cover factor) value in its braid fixed length formula yarn count index according to JISL1018 (indication of constant yarn count) is 5～20, and rupture strength (bursting strength) is more than 300kpa.(patent documentation 1).
But the method proposing for patent documentation 1 comes from ultraviolet deteriorated few when using the covering braids such as ground cover plant whole.But, when use while not covering the plant of braid integral body, exist do not have the braid of capped part because ultraviolet reason causes process in time deteriorated problem.
In addition, following method has also been proposed: at a part of lateral opening hole of same cylindrical fabric, with the culture of exposed inner, plant therein seed or seedling and make its method of taking root (patent documentation 2).But, exist culture to spill from hole or braid from problems such as bore portion split.(patent documentation 2).
In addition, as the method for planting plants to afforest in desert region etc., someone has proposed to use sandbag to be positioned in the method on sand with specific spacing, and described sandbag is formed by cylindrical shape braid, and inside is filled with sand.The method can prevent the movement by the wind-induced sand of desert region, and plant is taken root in desert, carries out formation, the improvement of vegetation.Particularly, be many to be formed by cylindrical fabric and inner be filled with husky tubular sandbag and intersect and be positioned on sand ground face, prevent that the sand movement of husky movement from preventing construction method.The mounting spacing that is preferably tubular sandbag is that the sectional area of 3～30/10m and tubular sandbag is 10～400cm
2sand movement prevent construction method.Result is, proposed formation, the improvement method of a kind of vegetation, and the method is to cultivate desired plant (patent documentation 3) intersecting on the tubular sandbag of mounting and the sand ground face between other tubular sandbags.
But, in the method proposing at this patent documentation 3, because being is directly planted in the seed of plant or seedling in the exposure on the ground that nutrient component is few, so result is that the growth of plant is unstable.Expect to make the actively vegetation substrate of growth of plant.
Patent documentation 1: the JP 2009-261265 of Japan communique
Patent documentation 2: the JP 2005-110590 of Japan communique
Patent documentation 3: the JP 2008-291636 of Japan communique
Summary of the invention
invent problem to be solved
In view of the foregoing, the object of the invention is to solve the problem of existing vegetation substrate and existing vegetation method, even the greening method in the wasteland that plant is difficult to growth is provided or originally there is no the method that the place of soil also can cultivate plants and the vegetation substrate that can be suitable for said method.
solve the method for problem
That is, the present invention relates to following (1)～(5).
(1) a kind of vegetation substrate, it is characterized in that, cylindrical fabric is set up in parallel adjacently and is formed, described cylindrical fabric is formed by multifilament fiber braiding, and in the braid inside being woven into, be filled with culture, described multifilament fiber comprises aliphatic polyester.
(2) the vegetation substrate as described in (1), is characterized in that, described aliphatic polyester comprises PLA.
(3) the vegetation substrate as described in (1) or (2), is characterized in that, the recess producing above between the cylindrical fabric in described adjacency, and also mounting has culture.
The breeding method of (4) one Plants, is characterized in that, plants seed or seedling loading in the culture of the described recess of the vegetation substrate (3) Suo Shu, makes plant growth.
The breeding method of (5) one Plants, is characterized in that, the vegetation substrate in configuration (1)～(3) described in any one, to form a plurality of parallel ridges, makes plant growth.
invention effect
According to the vegetation substrate of the present invention of above-mentioned (1)～(3), there is the deteriorated effect slowly based on UV resistant.As required, particularly after vegetation forms, mobility, the carrying property that also can move or carry while wanting mobile or carrying etc. be excellent.And, can be low-cost and the vegetation substrate of the cultivation excellence of plant is provided simply.
According to the plant cultivation method of the present invention of above-mentioned (4), use above-mentioned vegetation substrate of the present invention, even if do not having the place of culture also can cultivate at low cost desired plant (ground cover plant or crops).
According to the plant cultivation method of the present invention of above-mentioned (5), use above-mentioned vegetation substrate of the present invention, can utilize the desired compost being managed to cultivate desired plant (being mainly the crops with culture of dry land).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the use state of vegetation substrate of the present invention, is the cross-sectional of cutting off along direction perpendicular to the ground.
Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) show the example of the use state of vegetation substrate of the present invention, from top, to observe the plane that is placed on ground state, Fig. 2 (a) demonstration is by cylindrical fabric with the parallel mounting of zigzag, and Fig. 2 (b) shows cylindrical fabric twist up and loads.
Fig. 3 shows other examples of the use state of vegetation substrate of the present invention, the same with Fig. 1, is the cross-sectional of cutting off along direction perpendicular to the ground.
Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) all show the example of the use state of vegetation substrate of the present invention, to observe from oblique upper the partial cross section stereogram that is placed on ground state, show by every two cylindrical fabrics as the crow flies parallel mounting to form a ridge shape, many these ridge shape braids are placed with suitable interval, form the example of dry land in large area, Fig. 4 (a) is the dry land of utilizing the using method shown in Fig. 1 to form, and Fig. 4 (b) is the dry land of utilizing the using method shown in Fig. 3 to form.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing etc., the breeding method of vegetation substrate of the present invention and plant is elaborated.
Vegetation substrate of the present invention is characterised in that, cylindrical fabric is set up in parallel adjacently and is formed, and described cylindrical fabric is used multifilament fiber (silk) braiding to form and be filled with the fillers such as culture, and described multifilament fiber comprises aliphatic polyester.
Fig. 1 shows the state that this cylindrical fabric is set up in parallel adjacently.The 1st, the cylindrical fabric that the multifilament fiber (silk) that use comprises aliphatic polyester is woven into.Portion is filled with culture 2 within it, is presented at the state that is set up in parallel adjacently this cylindrical fabric 1 on ground 4.In Fig. 1,6 cylindrical fabrics are set up in parallel adjacently, but its radical so long as two above, be not particularly limited.In the present invention, so-called " being set up in parallel adjacently " refers to " contact with each other and be arranged in parallel in fact ", but not only refers to " being close to each other setting ", and this is rather important.
Mode shown in this Fig. 1 is the optimal way of recording in above-mentioned " solving the method for problem " they (3), is shown in the recess producing above the interface forming in the side of two cylindrical fabrics 1 that are set up in parallel adjacently and loads the state that culture 3 is used.It should be noted that, vegetation substrate of the present invention does not have to load especially under the state of this culture 3 in this recess also can be used.
Said vegetation substrate in the present invention, the shape of its profile, size etc. are not particularly limited, the vegetation substrate forming so long as above-mentioned cylindrical fabric is set up in parallel adjacently, the profile of vegetation substrate, such as being any one shapes such as square, circular, parallelogram, is not particularly limited.The root of plant can pass through the mesh space of this cylindrical fabric, to the culture that is arranged in this cylindrical fabric inside, extends and grows.
Fig. 2 (a) demonstration bends to zigzag by 1 long cylindrical fabric 1, so that profile is approximate rectangle, thereby make its example being set up in parallel adjacently, Fig. 2 (b) shows 1 long cylindrical fabric twist up with moulding, the example that it is set up in parallel adjacently.The form of this Fig. 2 is the form that the recess mounting producing above the interface forming in side at cylindrical fabric 1 has culture 3, adjusts the filling extent of culture, the proterties of braid, to form such recess.In addition, can use many long cylindrical fabrics with serial or parallel connection state but not use 1.
Can be by Fig. 2 (a) overlapping placement in the case of wooden frame etc.During overlapping placement, according to the length of the root of the plant that will cultivate and difference, but preferably overlapping more than 2 layers.By overlapping placement, drainage becomes well, and, between substrate and substrate, form the aeriferous layer of bag, so the cultivation of plant becomes good.
For vegetation substrate of the present invention, consider following content and form,, between the several years after arranging, maintaining form, function as vegetation substrate simultaneously, afterwards, the natural degradation due to the biological degradability of cylindrical fabric, particularly, this is by few and realize for the PLA multifilament fiber of Biodegradable fiber by relative UV degradation in cylindrical fabric.Due to the form, the function that are maintaining between the several years after arranging as substrate simultaneously, therefore as long as within this period, after arranging together with vegetation substrate mobile (mounting) position is set or removes, carries to be replaced with new vegetation substrate etc. also comparatively simple.
As said aliphatic polyester in the present invention, preferably use the polyester that the polycondensation by saturated dicarboxylic acid and dihydroxylic alcohols obtains or hydroxycarboxylic acid is carried out to the polyester that polycondensation obtains.The example of the aliphatic polyester obtaining by polycondensation as these, the polyester that can enumerate PLA, polyglycolic acid, poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate ester), poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate ester 3-hydroxyl valerate) copolymer, polycaprolactone, poly-pivalolactone or be molded into by dicarboxylic acids such as the dihydroxylic alcohols such as ethylene glycol, BDO and succinic acid, adipic acids etc.
Wherein, the multifilament fiber that preferably comprises PLA.PLA multifilament refers to, using the oligomer polymerization of the lactic acid such as lactic acid or lactide (lactide) and available polymer as the multifilament fiber of main component.The optical purity of L body or D body is 90% when above, and fusing point is high, and it is desirable that silk intensity or light resistance also become.In addition, in not undermining the scope of the character of PLA, particularly biological degradability, UV resistant deterioration, can be by the composition copolymerization beyond lactic acid.In addition, can also suitably contain the additives such as polymer except PLA or particle, fire retardant, antistatic additive, delustering agent.Wherein, use a large amount of biological materials useful to environmental protection, in addition, from the viewpoint of the biological degradability of material, consider, more than the lactide structure in polymer preferably reaches 50 % by weight.More than lactic acid monomer is preferably 75 % by weight, more preferably more than 96 % by weight.
Except simple mixing have L body, these two kinds of optical isomers of D body fiber, silk, by above-mentioned two kinds of optical isomer mixing aftershapings, be fiber, silk, carry out afterwards 140 ℃ of above high-temperature heat treatment, make the stereocomplex (stereocomplex) that has formed racemic crystal, then, form knitting yarn, can make thus fusing point improve tremendously, therefore more preferably.
The weight average molecular weight of aliphatic polyester is 50,000～500,000 o'clock, and the balance of mechanical characteristic and throwing is good, therefore preferably.The molecular weight of preferred PLA counts 100,000～350,000 with weight average molecular weight.
In addition, while containing fatty acid bisamide and/or alkyl substituted type fatty acid monoamides as lubricant in the filament fiber that comprises aliphatic polyester (filament fiber), the flatness of gained fiber is excellent, thus the productivity ratio of cylindrical fabric become well, therefore preferred.
In the place of the higher durability of needs, carboxyl terminal group can also be sealed in comprising the filament fiber of aliphatic polyester, as carboxyl terminal concentration, with respect to preferred 30 equivalents/below ton of fabric integer.By making carboxyl terminal concentration reach 30 equivalents/below ton, can suppress the hydrolysis of acid fiber by polylactic, during used as vegetation substrate, can obtain appropriate decomposition rate.In addition, according to purposes, sometimes also can reduce decomposition rate and use, now carboxyl terminal concentration is preferably 10 equivalents/below ton.
As carboxyl terminal group sealer, preferably select epoxide that 3 officials can be above as end reaction material.And, from improving the viewpoint of hydrolytic resistance, consider, preferably make 3 officials can epoxide above react with at least a portion PLA, preferably with at least a portion end reaction of PLA.3 officials can refer to the compound in 1 molecule with 3 above epoxy radicals by epoxide above.
The total fiber number of the filament fiber that comprises aliphatic polyester (fiber number of knitting yarn) is not particularly limited, is preferably 50～300 dtexs (dtex) left and right.The rugosity of this knitting yarn can according to knitting machine used number, the kind of target braid etc. suitably selects, and while using meticulous knitting yarn, has the trend of the weakened of cylindrical fabric.While using thick knitting yarn, braiding is difficult to carry out.In addition, the poor quality of gained braid, and cylindrical fabric tends to become coarse stiff, and result is that the operability of vegetation substrate organizator is afterwards variation sometimes.Preferred scope for the total fiber number of the PLA multifilament fiber of knitting yarn is 100～200 dtexs.
As the ultimate fibre fiber number of the filament fiber that comprises aliphatic polyester, be preferably 1～10 dtex left and right.While using meticulous ultimate fibre, during operation or while being used as vegetation substrate organizator, can fluff etc., cause the weakened of circular knit.In addition, while using thick ultimate fibre, it is coarse stiff that circular knit is tended to become, and the operation in vegetation substrate organizator construction afterwards becomes remarkable.If also consider biological degradability or UV resistant degradation characteristic etc., more preferably about 3～5 dtexs.
As the form of the multifilament strand that comprises aliphatic polyester, the following form of illustration.Do not there is curling straight drawn yarn (straight drawn yarn); Under straight state, form after multifilament strand, by heat and twist (twists) give curling, thereby there is the stretch textured yarn (Japanese: Provisional Twist processes yarn) of bulkiness and elasticity (stretch); Length direction by using air sinuous flow in silk side has the bulk textured filament (Japanese: high high processing yarn) of ring-type fine hair; And the difference that the mixed fibre of the raw-material long filament of difference is obtained is shunk the various textured filaments of poor combined yarn representative.
From the viewpoint of operability and plant, easily make root stretching, extension etc., preferably use the bulk false twist crimping textured filament (Japanese: high high Provisional Twist Volume Shrink processing yarn) of fine and uniform three-dimensional crimp (helical form is curling).False twist crimping textured filament (Japanese: Provisional Twist Volume Shrink processes yarn) has bulkiness and elasticity concurrently, so because this reason braid integral body becomes soft, also easily more freely move in gap between mesh, interfibrous gap, thereby the root of plant easily makes root stretch by this gap, for preferably.
Use false twist crimping textured filament as comprise aliphatic polyester multifilament fiber silk time, as the CR value (desired value that represents curling fastness) of curl characteristics index, be preferably more than 10%.If CR value is more than 10%, cylindrical fabric can obtain good bulkiness, elasticity.CR value is preferably more than 15%, and more preferably more than 20%, the higher limit of preferred scope is 40%.
In addition, if the boiling water shrinkage of the multifilament that comprises aliphatic polyester is below 25%, the dimensional stability of cylindrical fabric is good, for preferably.Boiling water shrinkage is more preferably below 20%, and more preferably, below 18%, the lower limit of preferred scope is 3%.
The cylindrical fabric being formed by the multifilament that comprises aliphatic polyester, more than the rupture strength of its braid based on JIS L1096 (2010) is preferably 500kpa.If this rupture strength is too small, while carrying plant while filling culture in cylindrical fabric or after growing seedlings and carrying after arrange time, the cylindrical fabric of vegetation substrate organizator likely breaks.More than the preferred 550kpa of this rupture strength.In addition, the higher limit of this rupture strength is not particularly limited, but is conventionally preferably 2000kpa left and right at the most.The rupture strength value that surpasses the level of this value it has been generally acknowledged that and not need, even 1000kpa left and right is at the most generally enough in practical.In addition, the venting quality of cylindrical fabric is preferably 50～500cc/cm
2/ second.Venting quality deficiency 50cc/cm
2/ second time, while forming vegetation substrate, exist the root of plant cannot be to the problem stretching in cylindrical fabric, or the air capacity of soils of air or bad hydraulic permeability, so variation be understood in the growth of plant conventionally.Be particularly preferably 100～400cc/cm
2/ second.
In addition, about the per unit weight of cylindrical fabric, light weight while preferably carrying, is preferably 10～30g/m.It should be noted that, said in the present invention " per unit weight of cylindrical fabric ", represents with respect to the weight of the common per unit area with fiber cloth, is that the weight (g) with per unit length (1m) represents.In addition, for the barrel dliameter of this cylindrical fabric, so that cylinder is flattened to (Japanese: the width gauge of braid in the time of Collapse The), is preferably 10～40cm.
The cylindrical fabric being formed by the multifilament that comprises aliphatic polyester, preferably UV resistant degradation characteristic is excellent, with respect to ultraviolet ray irradiation, is difficult for deteriorated and solid.As the factor of UV resistant degradation characteristic, while implementing deterioration test by the solarization climate test instrument based on JIS B7753 (2007) (Sunshine Weather Meter) test, the rupture strength conservation rate after 450 hours is preferably more than 70%.If the rupture strength in this test is more than 70%, according to the inventor's etc. knowledge, outdoor exposure in daylight place more than second day, actually can keep form to reach more than 2 years while using vegetation substrate.More preferably more than 80%.
The preferred nutrient conservation rate of culture of filling, the culture of moisture capacity excellence, can be by carbuncle soil, black earth, deer natural pond soil etc. the cinder etc. of the Artificial Soil such as naturally native or leaf mould, mixed fertilizer (bark compost), vermiculite, peat moss (peat moss) and sawdust, charcoal, coal according to place, plant, comprise that mixing suitably applies in a flexible way to use interiorly.In addition, when the uses such as desert area short of rain, can also mix water absorbent polymer and use as a part of filler.
As the method for filling culture in cylindrical fabric, preferably connection has been cut into cylindrical fabric one-sided of specific length, covers the plastic cylinder of 1m left and right, from plastic nozzle, adds filler, fill after culture, the one-sided of cylindrical fabric that connects opposition side filled.
For vegetation substrate of the present invention, in the cylindrical fabric importantly forming at the multifilament by comprising aliphatic polyester, fill culture, it is set up in parallel adjacently.
Vegetation substrate is formed by cylindrical fabric, and its mesh ring has contractility, and therefore described vegetation substrate can allow along with the growth of plant its root to run through mesh, but can not leak soil.And the knitting yarn being connected by ring can move, while being set up in parallel adjacently, bend can not rupture.
Form as being set up in parallel adjacently, is not particularly limited, and the cylindrical fabric that is filled with culture is bent to zigzag, whole formation tetragonal vegetation substrate (Fig. 2 (a)); Or, be paved into helical form, the conglobate vegetation substrate of shape (Fig. 2 (b)); Or every two cylindrical fabrics are loaded to the vegetation substrate (Fig. 3) that is in line shape and obtains adjacently side by side; Or the vegetation substrate (Fig. 1) that 3 above cylindrical fabrics mountings arranged side by side are obtained etc., can form arbitrary shape.
In addition, by use, be filled with the cylindrical fabric of culture, can obtain appropriate air capacity of soils and moisture capacity, about moisture capacity, when washiness, from the side of cylindrical fabric, discharge unnecessary moisture; Otherwise, when dry, with braid, cover the light from the sun, thereby can suppress the dry of culture.
About being filled in the culture of cylindrical fabric inside, can filling the material different from the soil that forms the ground that loads this vegetation substrate and use.Therefore, by filling, do not exist healthy soil, the culture of the problems such as pollution to use, when cultivating plants, can also walk abreast and carry out soil melioration, the improvement in this soil, after the several years, can also realize desired soil melioration.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 shown in (a) and Fig. 2 (b), the recess forming above the cylindrical fabric being set up in parallel adjacently interface is each other imbedded seed or the seedling of culture and plant, the root of the seedling that germinates and plant enters from the mesh of cylindrical fabric, can grow seedlings thus.The method is a kind of preferred using method.
As mentioned above, by piling up culture at recess, and plant seed or seedling, prevent the dry of seed or make root easily enter vegetation substrate, thereby making the germination of plant or growth become good.In addition, the root of a strain plant stretches respectively in the vegetation substrate of adjacency, thereby can make the cylindrical fabric being set up in parallel form securely one.After during botanical seedling culturing is certain or after its growth, can also simply this vegetation substrate integrated moving be arranged to other places.
As other using method, as shown in Figure 3, can adopt by 2 of adjacency above cylindrical fabrics 1 each other as far as possible near, to try not, be formed on the recess that the top, formed interface, side of the cylindrical fabric 1 of 2 above adjacency produces, in the upper portion in this interface 5, implant afterwards the using method of seed or seedling.By operation like this, use, form the ridge in dry land, when its center plantation seed or seedling, can obtain same effect.Fig. 3 shows that 4 cylindrical fabrics of operation use like this form the example on 2 row ridges.
So when forming the mode on the ridge of dry land and use, similarly operate with the ridge of dry land, can cultivate plants, in addition, according to the growth of plant or season etc., can make interval in vegetation base unit become large or diminish or move etc., can carry out the cultivating and managing of optimal plant (for example crops).By so moving it, for example, can, when preventing the disadvantage that continuous cropping brings, in identical place, all plant every year identical plant.
The mode that Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) all show to form the ridge of dry land operates, and uses the example of the state of vegetation substrate of the present invention, is to observe from oblique upper the partial cross section stereogram that is placed on ground state.By every 2 cylindrical fabrics parallel mounting as the crow flies, to form the shape on a ridge, a plurality of groups of cylindrical fabric with this shape are separated to suitable spacing parallel arranging configuration.Now, show the example that forms the dry land with some ridges in large area.Fig. 4 (a) is the scheme of utilizing the using method of the formation recess shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 (b) is the scheme of utilizing the using method shown in Fig. 3.Formed ridge can be the ridge of straight shape, or, can be suitably all can on the ridge etc. of crooked shape according to landform etc.When so operation cultivates plants, when enjoying the benefit cultivating plants with ridge, it is easy that the cultivation in desired culture also becomes.
To being not particularly limited by the kind that vegetation substrate of the present invention forms the plant of vegetation, can cultivate lawn, Koryo (Korean lawn grass), the lawn classes such as weeds level ground (Japanese lawn grass), pine needle stringy stonecrop (Sedum mexicanum), flower thinning stringy stonecrop (Sedum morimura), contrary flexure red-spotted stonecrop (Sedum reflexum), the red-spotted stonecrop classes such as coral red-spotted stonecrop (Sedum coral carpet), lavender, santolina chamaecyprissus (cotton lavender), rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis etc. draft class (herbs), the various flowers and plants of the low clearances such as Hedera spp.For such plant, the vegetation substrate shown in Fig. 2 is not omitted by the specific region on ground the using method covering and is applicable to.
In addition, the combination forming according to the culture with desired, can also cultivate the plants such as the various crops such as corn or spinach, strawberry, eggplant, tomato, cabbage and vegetables, sunflower, rape flower, lupine (lupine), coreopsis.While cultivating such crops, vegetables and plant, preferably to form the mode of the ridge shape of the dry land shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, use.
; particularly by vegetation substrate is configured to ridge shape; on the ridge that can form at the desired compost by being managed, cultivate desired plant (being mainly the crops with culture of dry land), can make crops grow under the optimum condition in the culture being managed (soil), place etc.
In addition, in narrow limited place and originally when not having native place to manage kitchen garden or flower bed etc., method of the present invention was also effective, and the using method shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 etc. is respectively the suitableeest using method.
And, for each vegetation substrate, change plant that the color of flower or leaf is different to form vegetation, also can at ground surface, describe pattern or pattern etc. thus as required fairly simplely.
In addition, for using sunflower, rape flower, plant that coreopsis equal altitudes is high to form labyrinth, also can cultivate this plant and form simply labyrinth by place vegetation substrate of the present invention according to the shape in this labyrinth.
In addition, can also in vegetation substrate of the present invention, plant seed or seedling, under the optimum conditions such as greenhouse, cultivate to certain size, it is grown to after this certain size, carry together with vegetation substrate, move, be layered on together with this vegetation substrate and need to make plant growth on the wasteland of greening or desert etc., or, outdoor cultivation or carry out glass culture etc.
To the place of vegetation substrate is set, be not particularly limited, also can be arranged on wasteland or sand ground or the husky inclined-plane easily running off of soil that plant is difficult to growth, or be arranged on the ground that is equipped with pitch or concrete etc., cultivate plants.
In addition, while using in dry area, also can perforate on pipe, in the vegetation substrate arranging adjacently, pour water.In this case, if poured water in vegetation substrate, because inner filler has water retaining function, thus with directly pour water and compare earthward, as long as small size pour water, can save water.
In wasteland etc., arrange after vegetation substrate of the present invention, although also depend on the kind of this plant, the root of plant can, from vegetation substrate culture by braid, further extend, grow earthward.In addition, in after arranging 5～10 years of braid of the present invention, almost carry out biological degradation completely and disappear, thus afterwards this plant in residual culture periphery growth.
In ploughing etc., arrange after vegetation substrate of the present invention, also can carry out biodegradable mode completely with it to use, or, also can carry out before biological degradation, according to crop, suitably changing vegetation substrate completely.
embodiment
Below, according to embodiment, further the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not subject to the restriction of these embodiment.
It should be noted that, about the parameter occurring in above-mentioned explanation, refer to the value of following mensuration.
A. the weight average molecular weight of PLA
Aliphatic polyester is dissolved in and in chloroformic solution, obtains solvent.Adopt gel permeation chromatography (GPC), using chloroform as carrier solvent, the solvent of above-mentioned gained is measured, by polystyrene conversion, obtain weight average molecular weight.
B. the width of cylindrical fabric
Cut the center of cylindrical fabric, measure width.Width refers to that n is the mean value of trying to achieve at 5 o'clock.
C. boiling water shrinkage
Boiling water shrinkage refers to the value of trying to achieve by following formula.
Boiling water shrinkage (%)=[(L0-L1)/L0] * 100
Wherein, in formula, L0 refers to stretch yarn is carried out to reeling, the former length of the yarn of measuring under the preload of 0.09cN/dtex; L1 refers to substantially not to be had the yarn of having measured L0 in boiling water, to process 15 minutes under the state of load, air-dry after the length of yarn under the preload of 0.09cN/dtex.
The sample of yarn is long for 40cm, refers to that n is the mean value of trying to achieve at 5 o'clock.
D. the CR value of false twist crimping textured filament
False twist crimping textured filament is carried out to reeling, substantially there is no in boiling water, to process 15 minutes under the state of load air-dry 24 hours.This sample is applied to the load that is equivalent to 0.088cN/dtex (0.1gf/d), be immersed in water, measure the long L ' 0 of yarn after 2 minutes.Next, in water, remove the yarn that is equivalent to 0.0088cN/dtex, be replaced with the tiny load that is equivalent to 0.0018cN/dtex (2mgf/d), measure the long L ' 1 of yarn after 2 minutes.Then, by following formula, calculate CR value.
CR(%)＝[(L’0－L’1)/L’0]×100(%)
The sample of yarn is long for 40cm, refers to that n is the mean value of trying to achieve at 5 o'clock.
E. rupture strength
Rupture strength refers to the value of measuring according to JIS L10188.17.1A method (Mullen shape method).
F. air capacity of soils
Air capacity of soils refers to the value of utilizing JIS L1906 (Frajour) method to measure.
G. UV degradation test
According to JIS B7753 method, 1 circulation, for irradiating 180 minutes/rainfall 12 minutes, black side plate temperature, be under 63 ℃, the humidity condition that is 50%Rh, use solarization climate test instrument (Suga testing machine Co., Ltd. system), cylindrical fabric is carried out to the irradiation of 450 hours.After pre-irradiation, measure rupture strength, obtain strength retention (%).Refer to that n is the mean value of trying to achieve at 5 o'clock.
H. carboxyl terminal concentration
The sample dissolution that precision is taken, in orthoresol (moisture is 5%), is added appropriate carrene in this solution, carries out titration afterwards, thereby obtain carboxyl terminal concentration with the KOH methanol solution of 0.02 equivalent.Now, as the oligomers such as lactide of the cyclic dimer of lactic acid, be hydrolyzed, generate carboxyl terminal, therefore obtain total carboxyl terminal concentration of whole carboxyl terminals of fiber.
I. the evaluation of vegetation substrate
In cylindrical fabric, fill commercially available compost, centered by its end, in the mode of spiral, arrange laterally, the braid setting that is adjacent to each other.The center of the recess of the part being adjacent to each other at braid, interval plantation kylin grass (Kamchatka stonecrop with 15cm, Japanese: キ リ Application grass, herba perennis) seed, bottom is placed on outdoor as concrete surface, and regularly watering is cultivated, after 2 months, move together with vegetation substrate, arrange on the ground, evaluate carrying property and confirm cultivation state after 1.5 years and the outward appearance of vegetation substrate, according to following benchmark, carry out the Grading assessment of 4 grades.
Excellent: growth conditions is very good, the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change completely, and carrying is good.
Good: growth conditions is good, the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change, and carrying is good.
General: growth conditions is slightly poor, the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change, but difficult.
Poor: growth conditions is poor, and vegetation substrate is obviously deteriorated, does not keep outward appearance, or difficult.
(preparations of PLA etc.)
(a) preparation example 1 (preparation of PLA)
The lactide of preparing for the L lactic acid that is 99.5% by optical purity, under the existence of two (2 ethyl hexanoic acid ester) tin catalyst (mol ratio=10000:1 of lactide and catalyzer), under nitrogen atmosphere, at 180 ℃, carry out the polymerization of 140 minutes, obtain PLA P1.The weight average molecular weight of the PLA obtaining is 14.5 ten thousand.
(b) preparation example 2 (containing the preparation of the PLA of the EBA of 4 % by weight)
After PLA P1 and ethylenebisstearamide (EBA) [Nof Corp.'s trade name processed " ALFLOW H-50S "] is dry, EBA after metering heating and melting, be added continuously to and in P1, made P1:EBA=96:4 (weight ratio), be fed to barrel temperature simultaneously and be in the twin-screw mixer extruder of 220 ℃, obtain thus the PLA P2 containing the EBA of 4 % by weight.
(c) preparation example 3 (preparation method of PLA multifilament)
By the raw material mixing of cutting into slices, make take weight ratio PLA P1: PLA P2=3:1 (EBA is 1.0 % by weight), at 100 ℃, stir 8 hours, carry out vacuum drying simultaneously, use afterwards extruder type melt extruder at 220 ℃, to carry out melting, extrude, afterwards molten polymer importing has been heated to 220 ℃ being arranged in the spinning head on spinning head assembly, from aperture, be that 0.3mm, hole depth are to spin strand 0.5mm, the hole count nozzle that is 26, with the spinning speed of 5,000m/ minute, obtain curling not stretch yarn.Spinnability is good, has no fracture of wire, fluffing occur, and the below that is close to nozzle does not almost smolder yet.In addition, unfold not stretch yarn of PLA, measure its physicochemical property value, result total fiber number is 117dtex, and boiling water shrinkage is 15%, and carboxyl terminal concentration is 22 equivalent/tons.
Then, by 2 not stretch yarn doublings, using stretching friction false twist device (belt), is that 1.5 times, heter temperature are the friction false twist processing (woolly processing) that stretches at 120 ℃ at stretching ratio, obtains the false twist crimping textured filament of 167 dtexs, 52 long filaments.Productivity ratio is also good, and tar, scum silica frost not also to be attached to heater, twisting mill and various yarn guides etc. upper, can carry out stable processing.
The boiling water shrinkage of the false twist crimping processing multifilament (167 dtexs, 52 long filaments) obtaining is 8.2%, CR value is 18%, demonstrates excellent dimensional stability and curl characteristics.
embodiment 1
Use still footpath is that the cylinder knitting machine of 3.5 inches, No. 22 is (wide: 17cm), it is that 15g/m, rupture strength are that 554kpa, venting quality are 311cc/cm that the PLA multifilament obtaining in preparation example 3 is made into per unit weight
2the cylindrical fabric of/second, then fill commercially available compost in this braid, make vegetation substrate organizator (length: 3m).In addition, the strength retention of gained cylindrical fabric after UV degradation test is 80%, very good.
In addition, use the vegetation substrate obtaining, carry out the site test of above-mentioned " evaluation of I. vegetation substrate ", result growth conditions is very good, and the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change completely, and evaluation result is " excellent ".
The a part of vegetation substrate of carrying in site test, arranges for wasteland greening, but also there is no breakage during carrying, and the setting property of vegetation substrate is also good.
embodiment 2
By 2 false twist crimping textured filaments doubling of using in embodiment 1, use the circular knitter identical with embodiment 1, making per unit weight is that 45g/m, rupture strength are that 2080kpa, venting quality are 59cc/cm
2the cylindrical fabric of/second is (wide: 11cm), then to fill commercially available compost in this braid, make vegetation substrate organizator (length: 3m).In addition, the strength retention of the cylindrical fabric obtaining after UV degradation test is 78%, good.
In addition, use vegetation substrate, carry out the site test of above-mentioned " evaluation of I. vegetation substrate ", result venting quality is low compared with embodiment 1, so growth conditions is slightly poor, but the not variation of the outward appearance of vegetation substrate, evaluation result is " well ".
embodiment 3
The recess producing above the interface of the vegetation substrate at embodiment 1 is put into culture, carries out site test, and result growth conditions is very good, and the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change completely, and evaluation result is " well ".
Carry a part of vegetation substrate in this site test, for wasteland greening, arrange, but also there is no breakage during carrying, the setting property of vegetation substrate is also good.
embodiment 4
In the cylindrical fabric being formed by PLA multifilament using at embodiment 1, put into compost, making several length is the linearity vegetation substrate of 20m.On pitch, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), be set up in parallel adjacently the vegetation substrate of gained, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), the concave surface that upper portion 5 in the interface of the cylindrical fabric in adjacency produces is put into compost, cultivate the seed of corn, result growth conditions is very good, and the outward appearance of vegetation substrate does not change completely.
comparative example 1
Using still footpath is 3.5 inches, 22 horn knitting machines, and it is that 15g/m, rupture strength are that 604kpa, venting quality are 289cc/cm that the polyester false twist crimping textured filament (woolly type) of 167 commercially available dtexs, 48 rhizoids is made into per unit weight
2the cylindrical fabric of/second is (wide: 17cm), then to fill commercially available compost in this cylindrical fabric, make vegetation substrate (length: 3m).
The strength retention of this cylindrical fabric after UV degradation test is 46%, and UV degradation is large.
In addition, vegetation substrate is formed to circle, carry out the site test of above-mentioned " evaluation of I. vegetation substrate ", the substrate of result vegetation by the part of vegetal cover, do not occurred deteriorated because of the ultraviolet ray of the sun, cannot keep shape, so obtained poor result as vegetation substrate, evaluation result is " poor ".
comparative example 2
Use the cylindrical fabric identical with embodiment 1 (wide: 17cm) make vegetation substrate organizator, the recess of the vegetation substrate being set up in parallel adjacently after rounding is placed seed but do not imbedded, and carries out site test.Owing to not imbedding seed, so seed is moved while sprinkling water, the skew of germinateing, so growth conditions is slightly poor, and also the joint of the vegetation substrate being set up in parallel adjacently after rounding based on root is also insufficient, so difficult is evaluated as " generally ".
comparative example 3
The cylindrical fabric that comprises polyester that uses comparative example 1 to use, according to the method identical with embodiment 4, carry out the cultivation of corn, but there is deteriorated, perforate because of ultraviolet ray in the part in the cylindrical fabric that comprises polyester, the compost being placed in vegetation substrate spills, flying upward with the wind, there is variation in the form of vegetation substrate, has therefore occurred the situations such as plant lodging, cultivation situation is bad, and evaluation result is " poor ".
Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to specific embodiment in addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and can implement various changes or correction.
It is basis that the application be take the Japanese patent application 2011-225798 of on October 13rd, 2011 application, using its content as with reference to and be incorporated to the present invention.
symbol description
1: cylindrical fabric
2: culture (in cylindrical fabric)
3: culture (on cylindrical fabric recess)
4: ground
5: the upper portion in the interface of the cylindrical fabric of adjacency
Claims (5)
1. a vegetation substrate, is characterized in that, cylindrical fabric is set up in parallel adjacently and is formed, and described cylindrical fabric is formed by multifilament fiber braiding, and in the braid inside being woven into, is filled with culture, and described multifilament fiber comprises aliphatic polyester.
2. vegetation substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described aliphatic polyester comprises PLA.
3. vegetation substrate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the recess producing above between the cylindrical fabric in described adjacency, and also mounting has culture.
4. the breeding method of a Plants, is characterized in that, plants seed or seedling loading in the culture of the described recess of vegetation substrate claimed in claim 3, makes plant growth.
5. the breeding method of a Plants, is characterized in that, the vegetation substrate in configuration claim 1～3 described in any one, to form a plurality of parallel ridges, makes plant growth.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011225798 | 2011-10-13 | ||
| JP2011-225798 | 2011-10-13 | ||
| PCT/JP2012/076362 WO2013054859A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2012-10-11 | Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103929943A true CN103929943A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| CN103929943B CN103929943B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
Family
ID=48081909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280049978.6A Expired - Fee Related CN103929943B (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2012-10-11 | Vegetation substrate and the breeding method of plant |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2013054859A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103929943B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2012321759B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013054859A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201402818B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7219969B2 (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2023-02-09 | ハニースチール株式会社 | Plant cultivation system, fiber yarn, and method for producing fiber yarn |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04135429A (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-08 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Nonwoven structure for cultivating plant |
| US5257476A (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-11-02 | Yutaka Fukuzumi | Growing vegetation for the purpose of installing verdure on buildings |
| CA2172893A1 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-01 | Hideo Ikezawa | Bio-degradable composite nonwoven fabric for plant cultivation |
| CN1134779A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-11-06 | 米卡多化工株式会社 | Method for making plant cultivation bed |
| JPH09302668A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-25 | Saikou:Kk | Vegetation base plate formation method |
| JP2001011833A (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-16 | Unitika Ltd | Bag body for use in civil engineering |
| JP2008111833A (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2008-05-15 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Apparatus for classifying formed component in urine |
| CN101294372A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-29 | 东丽株式会社 | Sand drift prevention method and tubular knit fabric for columnar sandbag |
| JP2010227093A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-10-14 | Toray Ind Inc | Method for growing plant in sandy ground |
| JP2011019409A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-02-03 | Mitsukawa Kk | Unit-type planting base and method for forming planting |
-
2012
- 2012-10-11 CN CN201280049978.6A patent/CN103929943B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-11 AU AU2012321759A patent/AU2012321759B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-10-11 WO PCT/JP2012/076362 patent/WO2013054859A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-10-11 JP JP2013501963A patent/JPWO2013054859A1/en active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-04-16 ZA ZA2014/02818A patent/ZA201402818B/en unknown
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04135429A (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-08 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Nonwoven structure for cultivating plant |
| US5257476A (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-11-02 | Yutaka Fukuzumi | Growing vegetation for the purpose of installing verdure on buildings |
| CN1134779A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-11-06 | 米卡多化工株式会社 | Method for making plant cultivation bed |
| CA2172893A1 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-01 | Hideo Ikezawa | Bio-degradable composite nonwoven fabric for plant cultivation |
| JPH09302668A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-25 | Saikou:Kk | Vegetation base plate formation method |
| JP2001011833A (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-16 | Unitika Ltd | Bag body for use in civil engineering |
| CN101294372A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-29 | 东丽株式会社 | Sand drift prevention method and tubular knit fabric for columnar sandbag |
| JP2008111833A (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2008-05-15 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Apparatus for classifying formed component in urine |
| JP2010227093A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-10-14 | Toray Ind Inc | Method for growing plant in sandy ground |
| JP2011019409A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-02-03 | Mitsukawa Kk | Unit-type planting base and method for forming planting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103929943B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| WO2013054859A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| AU2012321759B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
| JPWO2013054859A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 |
| ZA201402818B (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| AU2012321759A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101294372A (en) | Sand drift prevention method and tubular knit fabric for columnar sandbag | |
| CN205040304U (en) | Skeleton adds muscle can regulate and control vegetable fibre blanket | |
| KR100946730B1 (en) | A vegetation mat environmentally frienfly and greening method using the same | |
| CN104542220A (en) | Plant-growing meshwork carpet for slope restoration and slope restoration method | |
| CA2789513C (en) | Vegetation element for greening artificial or natural surfaces having low and/or high plants and method for producing the vegetation element | |
| CN105101782A (en) | Pre-vegetated vegetation element | |
| CN204282375U (en) | A kind of side slope protection and the greening grass ecological straw mattress of natural plant fibre | |
| KR101161232B1 (en) | The vegetation mat for forest restoration and forest restoration method using the same | |
| CN103929943A (en) | Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants | |
| RU2734883C1 (en) | Biodegradable composite polylactide-based nonwoven material and use thereof for growing plants | |
| KR20170141584A (en) | Method for manufacturing greening mat | |
| JP5477637B2 (en) | Plant growth method in sand | |
| JP4936283B2 (en) | Brushed vegetation net | |
| CN104619917B (en) | The method preventing husky movement in sand ground | |
| CN219919672U (en) | Protective greening nutrition blanket | |
| JP4758453B2 (en) | Side land for planting base forming body, planting base forming body, and method for forming planting | |
| WO2018171911A1 (en) | Support mat for hybrid turf | |
| CN114657709A (en) | Preparation method of grass-proof cloth and product | |
| ES2647327B1 (en) | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURE OF LAWN PLATES | |
| Dhoka et al. | Agrotextiles: A Booming Sector | |
| RU2594518C1 (en) | Lawn production method | |
| JP3832104B2 (en) | String-like structure for direct sowing of rice | |
| JP2886504B2 (en) | Greening rope | |
| JP2013223488A (en) | Container for raising seedling and method of raising large seedling | |
| JP2000300088A (en) | Flower bed and vegetational method using grass preventing sheet |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161026 Termination date: 20211011 |