JP6072476B2 - Vegetation sheet and vegetation bag - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetation sheet having a texture formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined yarn, and a vegetation bag in which this vegetation sheet is formed into a bag shape. The present invention relates to an expanding vegetation sheet and a vegetation bag.

Laying vegetation sheets or a vegetation bag filled with a specified vegetation base on the rooftop or slope, etc., and performing greening or vegetation recovery (recovering the flora changed due to disasters to the original flora) The method is known.
The functions required for such vegetation sheets include, for example, preventing the outflow due to rainfall, etc., of soil, soil covered by vegetation sheets, etc., vegetation base materials such as plant seeds, It is to establish a vegetation environment in which vegetation is overgrown by rooting in the laying place, and the vegetation sheet itself is biodegraded and disappears, and the role is finished.

Then, in the initial stage, it is desirable that the vegetation sheet and the like gradually expand in accordance with the growth of the plant while keeping the sheet texture constant so as to prevent the vegetation base material and the like from flowing out.
From such a request, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes an erosion preventing material having a sheet formed by mixing water-soluble fibers and two or more fibers having different biodegradation rates.
This erosion-preventing material has the effect that the form of the net is expanded by the degradation of the fiber having a high biodegradation rate, by changing the form from the sheet shape to the net shape by the disappearance of the water-soluble fiber first. It is configured as follows.

Moreover, a bag-like vegetation mat has been proposed in which yarns having a high biodegradation rate and yarns having a low biodegradation rate are interwoven with a predetermined degree of weaving (Patent Document 2).
In this mat, the yarn having a high biodegradation rate is decomposed first, so that the degree of crossing between the yarns having different biodegradation rates is expanded step by step so that the growth of the plant is not hindered.

Further, although the texture does not expand in accordance with the growth of the plant, Patent Document 3 discloses a vegetation net in which meshes are formed by warps and wefts each formed of a twisted yarn.
Patent Document 4 also proposes a root winding material formed by twisting yarns having different biodegradation rates into a rope shape, and adjusting the biodegradation rate of the root winding material by changing the mixing ratio of the yarns. It is configured to be possible.

JP 2008-248561 A Japanese Patent No. 3722726 Japanese Patent No. 2900133 JP-A-9-121698

However, the conventional techniques cannot solve the following problems.
The vegetation sheet or the like is required to have a clogging degree to suppress the outflow of the vegetation base material in the initial stage, and a reliable expansion of the degree is required at the growth stage of the plant.
In response to this requirement, the technique described in Patent Document 1 can achieve the purpose of inhibiting the outflow of the vegetation base material with water-soluble fibers in the initial stage, but in the growth stage of the plant, two or more types having different biodegradation rates can be achieved. Since there is no regularity in fiber mixing, the size of the mesh varies, and there is a risk that reliable expansion of the mesh will not be achieved.

On the other hand, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, since the yarn having a high biodegradation rate and the yarn having a low biodegradation rate are interwoven with a predetermined degree of weaving, in the growth stage of the plant, due to the decomposition and disappearance of the yarn having a high biodegradation rate, Although reliable expansion of the mesh size is achieved, the remaining slow biodegradation thread is in a tensioned state, which may impede plant growth.
That is, as the plant grows, the plant itself, such as buds and roots, moves and tries to push away the thread, but if the remaining thread is in a tensioned state, the movement of the plant is suppressed, Plant growth was hindered.

Therefore, as a result of earnest research, the inventors of the present application spirally twisted two or more yarns having relatively different biodegradation rates, and the biodegradation rate is slow due to degradation / disappearance of the yarn having a high biodegradation rate. The present invention has been conceived by paying attention to the fact that the yarn is released from the twisting and can be extended from the spiral state.
On the other hand, Patent Document 3 discloses a vegetation net in which meshes are formed by warps and wefts made of twisted yarns, and Patent Document 4 is formed in a rope shape by twisting yarns having relatively different biodegradation rates. Although the root winding material is disclosed, the twisted yarn is used as a means for solving the problem, without paying attention to the problem to be solved by the present invention that the other yarn suppresses the movement of the plant after the biodegradation of one yarn. It is not even conceived of using.

  The present invention has been proposed to solve such a conventional problem. In the initial stage, the outflow of the vegetation base material is suppressed, and after disassembling the yarn having a high biodegradation rate, the mesh is surely expanded. However, an object of the present invention is to provide a vegetation sheet and a vegetation bag that can reach the root without suppressing the movement of the plant.

  In order to achieve the above object, the vegetation sheet of the present invention is a vegetation sheet having a mesh formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined yarn, and expands the size of the mesh over time. The mesh expanding means includes a twisted yarn obtained by spirally twisting two or more yarns having relatively different biodegradation speeds, and the mesh is woven or manufactured by the twisted yarn. It is formed by knitting and expands by breaking and disappearing fast-degrading yarns, and after breaking fast-degrading yarns, slow-degrading yarns are released from twisting and can be extended from a spiral state. As a result, the expansion range is expanded.

  In order to achieve the above object, the vegetation bag of the present invention is a vegetation bag formed in a bag shape so that a predetermined vegetation base material can be stored, and is formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined yarn. The vegetation sheet is configured as the vegetation sheet described above.

  According to the vegetation sheet and the vegetation bag of the present invention, after disassembling the yarn having a high biodegradation rate while suppressing the outflow of the vegetation base material in the initial stage, the texture is expanded and the movement of the plant is not suppressed. Plant growth is promoted, and the laying location can be improved to an optimal vegetation environment.

It is a schematic perspective view of the vegetation bag concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the scale of the vegetation sheet which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure before biodegradation, (b) is after decomposition | disassembly of the thread | yarn with a quick biodegradation speed. FIG. It is slope sectional drawing which shows the construction example of the vegetation bag which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and a vegetation sheet, (a) is a construction example of a vegetation bag, (b) is a construction example of a vegetation sheet. .

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a vegetation bag and a vegetation sheet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The vegetation bag 1 is a vegetation bag formed in a bag shape so as to be able to store a vegetation base material such as soil, and has a mesh 13 formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined twisted yarn 4. The vegetation sheet 10 is provided with a mesh expansion means according to the present invention that expands the size of the mesh 13 with the passage of time. After the decomposition of the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation speed, the roots can be rooted without restraining the movement of the plant while reliably expanding the mesh.
Hereinafter, the configuration of each part of the vegetation bag 1 will be described in detail.

The vegetation bag 1 is formed of a bag formed by sewing two vegetation sheets 10a and 10b having substantially the same size together at the peripheral stitching portion 11 to form a bag shape. It is formed so that a vegetation base material such as can be stored.
Between the inner surfaces facing each other in the bag, a restraining thread 14 is provided that is alternately stretched between the inner sides of the bag in a direction parallel to the injection port 12 without being sewn in a state where they are in close contact with each other. .
The restraining yarn 14 has a length that maintains a predetermined distance between the opposed inner side surfaces in a stretched state. Thereby, since the thickness of the vegetation bag 1 in the accommodation state of a vegetation base material becomes equal, while handling becomes easy, the dispersion | variation in the quantity of the vegetation base material accommodated can be suppressed.
In addition, since the suppression thread | yarn 14 is formed in thread form, injection | pouring of a vegetation base material is not inhibited. Further, the restraining yarn 14 can be stretched not only in parallel to the injection port 12 but also in a vertical or arbitrary direction. In addition, the deterrent yarn 14 can be spanned in two or more directions. For example, it can be spanned in two directions parallel to and perpendicular to the inlet 12. Thereby, the intensity | strength of the vegetation bag 1 and the form stability in the accommodation state of a vegetation base material improve more.

The vegetation sheet 10 constituting such a vegetation bag 1 has the following configuration in order to exhibit the characteristic operational effects of the present invention.
The vegetation sheet 10 has a mesh 13 formed by weaving warp yarns 13a and weft yarns 13b, and is provided with a mesh expanding means for expanding the size of the mesh 13 over time.
Specifically, the warp yarn 13a and the weft yarn 13b are constituted by the yarn 2 and the twisted yarn 4 in which the biodegradation speeds are relatively different from each other, and the yarn 3 is spirally twisted. Has come to demonstrate.
In the present embodiment, the yarn 2 is selected as a yarn having a relatively faster biodegradation speed than the yarn 3. For this reason, the yarn 2 is faster than the yarn 3 due to changes over time after the vegetation bag 1 is laid. -It will disappear.
For the twisting of the yarn 2 and the yarn 3, for example, it is preferable to align the long yarn 2 and the long yarn 3 (each or one of them may be a twisted yarn) and twist it, and about 500 to 1000 T / m. It is preferable to apply a twist of
The yarn 2 and the yarn 3 are preferably engaged with each other only by twisting, without being joined by fusion or adhesion. This is to ensure good mobility of the yarn 3 after the yarn 2 is disassembled.

The scale 13 configured in this way operates as follows.
As shown in FIG. 2A, when the vegetation sheet 10 is manufactured, the size La of the scale 13 is set to a scale that prevents the stored soil and the like from flowing out (for example, smaller than the soil and the like). Thereby, in the initial stage after the vegetation bag 1 is laid, the stored vegetation base material is prevented from flowing out due to rain or the like.

However, the size of the mesh 13 gradually increases with the biodegradation of the yarn 2 due to changes over time.
Specifically, first, in the initial stage of disassembly, the diameter of the yarn 2 itself is gradually reduced, so that a gap is formed and the size of the mesh 13 is expanded.
Thereafter, the gap is completely formed by the disappearance of the yarn 2, and the size Lb of the mesh 13 is further expanded.
Further, since the yarn 3 is released from the state constrained by the twisting and stretched due to the disassembly / disappearance of the yarn 2, the size of the mesh 13 is further expanded accordingly.

Furthermore, after the yarn 2 is decomposed / disappeared, the size of the mesh 13 expands due to the movement of the bud and root plants themselves.
This is realized by the yarn 3 being released from the cross-twisting and being able to elongate from the spiral state, thereby expanding the expansion range.
That is, the yarn 3 is originally composed of one long yarn having a predetermined length, but is constrained in a state where the entire length is shortened by the cross-twisting with the yarn 2. Then, after the yarn 2 is disassembled / disappeared, it is released from this restraint, and an expansion range that can be extended to the original length is secured.
Thereby, when the plant itself moves and tries to push the thread 3 away, the thread 3 is not in a tensioned state but in a state where it can be extended from a spiral state, thereby suppressing the movement of the plant. And free movement will be allowed.

Furthermore, after the yarn 2 is disassembled / disappeared, the yarn 2 does not exist even at the intersection of the warp yarn 13a and the weft yarn 13b, so the frictional force generated between the split warp yarn 13a and the weft yarn 13b decreases.
Thereby, since one of the warp 13a and the weft 13b becomes easy to slide with respect to the other, misalignment is likely to occur, and the suppression of the movement of the plant is further eased.
Further, since the mesh 13 is formed by weaving the warp 13a and the weft 13b, the contact area between the yarns (the warp 13a and the weft 13b) is small compared to the mesh formed by knitting, Since the movable direction is also linear, misalignment is likely to occur.
In this way, the warp yarn 13a and the weft yarn 13b are constituted by the yarn 2 and the yarn 3 in which the biodegradation speeds are different from each other, and the twisted yarn 4 in which the yarn 3 is spirally twisted to suppress the outflow of the vegetation base material in the initial stage. After disassembling the yarn having a high biodegradation speed, it is possible to reach the root without suppressing the movement of the plant by facilitating misalignment while reliably realizing expansion of the mesh 13.

Further, in addition to the above-described configuration, the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation speed may be a yarn having a larger friction coefficient than the yarn 3 having a low biodegradation speed.
By adding such a configuration, the following effects are exhibited.

In an initial stage after the vegetation bag 1 is laid, it is preferable that the texture 13 of the vegetation sheet 10 is less likely to be loosened or misaligned so as to prevent the vegetation base material from flowing out.
Therefore, the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation rate is set to a yarn having a larger friction coefficient than the yarn 3 having a low biodegradation rate. As a result, in a state where the yarn 2 is not disassembled, in addition to an increase in frictional force due to contact between the twisted yarns 4, the frictional force possessed by the yarn 2 further inhibits the closeness / displacement of the meshes 13, which is The size of the match can be maintained.
The static friction coefficient (μ) of the yarn 2 is 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more in the yarn 2 vs. yarn 2 or the yarn 2 vs. yarn 3.

On the other hand, after the disassembly / disappearance of the yarn 2, only the frictional force between the yarns 3 is the one that suppresses the loosening / displacement. It tends to occur. Thereby, the force which the plant itself moves and pushes away the thread 3 is reduced, and the suppression of the movement of the plant is further eased.
Further, the difference in the friction coefficient between the yarn 2 and the yarn 3 is more advantageous as the difference is larger. This is because the greater the difference in the coefficient of friction, the more stable the mesh 13 is in the initial stage, and the instability of the mesh 13 is promoted after the yarn 2 is disassembled and lost.
The static friction coefficient (μ) of the yarn 3 is less than 0.25, more preferably 0.2 or less, in the yarn 3 to yarn 3.

The yarn 2 and the yarn 3 constituting the twisted yarn 4 exhibiting such action and effects can be selected as follows.
In selection based on the difference in biodegradation rate, for example, the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation rate is made of natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, regenerated fibers such as rayon and cupra, and refined fibers such as tencel, and the biodegradation rate is high. The slow yarn 3 can be selected from synthetic fibers such as vinylon and polylactic acid and semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate. However, if the biodegradation rate is relatively different, it is not limited to these. It can be changed as appropriate according to the type and growth period.
In particular, when the yarn 2 is made of cotton, water retention is improved, which is suitable for growing plants.

Moreover, in the selection based on the difference in the friction coefficient, the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation speed and a large friction coefficient can be made of cotton, and the yarn 3 having a low biodegradation speed and a small friction coefficient can be made of vinylon. It is not limited to these combinations.
For example, the yarn 2 can be selected from short fibers and the yarn 3 can be selected from long fibers.
Generally, short fibers including cotton have a lot of fluff and a large friction coefficient. On the other hand, long fibers hardly have fluff and have a small friction coefficient. In particular, since the long fiber vinylon generally has a round cross section, the coefficient of friction is smaller than that of cotton. In addition, if the same material and the same thickness are used, the rigidity of the thread 3 itself is improved by making the thread 3 into a long fiber. Therefore, after the thread 2 is disassembled / disappeared, the thread 3 can be extended from a spiral state. However, it is because form stability will be ensured and a sheet shape or a bag shape can be maintained over a predetermined period.

The method of weaving the vegetation sheet 10 from the twisted yarn 4 in which the yarn 2 and the yarn 3 are twisted may be any of plain weaving, oblique weaving, and satin weaving, but plain weaving is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture.
Further, the vegetation sheet 10 may be provided with a reinforcing yarn 15 that is perpendicular and / or parallel to the inlet 12 and is thicker and more rigid than the twisted yarn 4 at a predetermined interval. Thereby, stabilization of the shape maintenance of the whole vegetation sheet | seat 10 can be aimed at.

On the construction site, vegetation base materials such as soil, soil conditioner, organic fertilizer, herbaceous and woody plant seeds (or some of them) may be applied to the vegetation bag 1 configured in this way. A vegetation mat is completed by pressurizing and injecting water kneaded with water from the inlet 12 with a pump.
In addition, in this embodiment, although the injection port 12 was provided in one side of the vegetation bag 1, it can also be provided in arbitrary parts.
Moreover, the vegetation bag 1 in a closed state can be formed without providing the inlet 12 in advance.
Even if the inlet 12 is not provided in advance, at the construction site or the like, the mesh 13 is forcibly widened and opened, or drilled with a predetermined drilling tool, etc., and a nozzle or the like is inserted therein to insert a vegetation base. This is because the material may be injected under pressure.

Next, the example of construction to the slope of this vegetation mat (vegetation bag 1) is explained.
First, as shown to Fig.3 (a), a vegetation mat (vegetation bag 1) is laid along the slope of an installation location. Next, anchors 20 are driven at appropriate intervals on the stitching portion 11 of the vegetation bag 1 and the vegetation mat (vegetation bag 1) is fixed to the slope.
After construction, by maintaining the scale 13 at the time of manufacture, the vegetation base material is prevented from flowing out, and the environment suitable for the vegetation base material is maintained by the high water retention of cotton.
Thereafter, after about 6 to 24 months, the mesh 13 gradually expands due to partial degradation of the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation rate, and herbaceous seeds germinate and root. Since the herbaceous roots are relatively thin, the extended roots penetrate the mesh 13 and entangle with the ground. After 2 to 4 years, the yarn 2 having a relatively high biodegradation rate is completely decomposed into water and carbon dioxide and returned to the soil. Thereby, the scale 13 is expanded and misalignment is likely to occur. At this point, the seeds of woody species grow into seedlings, and the extended roots entangle with the ground while pushing away the meshes 13. When 10 to 25 years have passed since the construction, the thread 3 having a slow biodegradation rate is decomposed, and when this returns to the soil, a vegetation environment in which grasses and woods are grown is formed at the installation site.

Similarly, the construction example to the slope of the vegetation sheet 10 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG.3 (b), the vegetation sheet | seat 10 is laid along the slope of an installation location. Next, anchors 20 are driven at appropriate intervals to fix the vegetation sheet 10 to the slope.
After the construction, the scale 13 at the time of manufacture is maintained, so that the soil at the installation site is prevented from flowing out, and a suitable vegetation environment is maintained by the high water retention capacity of cotton.
Thereafter, after about 6 to 24 months, the mesh 13 gradually expands due to partial degradation of the yarn 2 having a high biodegradation rate, and the seeds of herbaceous and woody species that have come or have come to germinate and germinate. Roots and stretched roots get tangled in the ground. After 2 to 4 years, the yarn 2 with a high biodegradation rate is completely decomposed into water and carbon dioxide and returned to the soil. Thereby, the scale 13 is expanded and misalignment is likely to occur. Elongated buds and roots entangle the ground while pushing away the mesh 13. When 10 to 25 years have passed since the construction, the thread 3 having a slow biodegradation rate is decomposed, and when this returns to the soil, a vegetation environment in which grasses and woods are grown is formed at the installation site.
In addition, the period regarding the biodegradation in each construction example described above varies depending on the thickness of the yarn 2 and the yarn 3, the size of the mesh, the laying environment, and the like.

  As described above, according to the vegetation sheet and the vegetation bag of the present embodiment, the mesh size is expanded after decomposition of the yarn having a high biodegradation speed while preventing outflow of soil, vegetation base material, etc. in the initial stage. At the same time, since the movement of the buds and roots of the plant is not suppressed, the growth of the plant is promoted, and the laid site can be improved to an optimum vegetation environment.

  The preferred embodiments of the vegetation sheet and the vegetation bag of the present invention have been described above. However, the vegetation sheet and the vegetation bag according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, implementation is possible.

For example, in the present embodiment, both surfaces of the vegetation bag 1 are formed by the vegetation sheet 10, but one side or only a part thereof can be formed by the vegetation sheet 10.
In the present embodiment, the vegetation bag 1 is formed into a bag shape by stitching the two vegetation sheets 10a and 10b. However, the method of forming the bag shape is not limited to stitching, and other methods such as adhesion and fusion are used. It can also be adopted. Further, one vegetation sheet 10 may be formed in a bag shape.
Further, the yarn constituting the twisted yarn 4 may be three or more yarns. In this case, the biodegradation speed of each yarn may be different. There may be two or more groups having different biodegradation rates, and each group may have a plurality of yarns having the same biodegradation rate.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized suitably for the vegetation sheet which has the scale formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined | prescribed thread | yarn, and the vegetation bag which formed this sheet | seat in the bag shape.

1 Vegetation bag 2 Yarn (fast biodegradation yarn)
3 Yarn (Thread with slow biodegradation rate)
4 twisted yarn 10 vegetation sheet 11 stitched portion 12 inlet 13 mesh 14 deterrent yarn 15 reinforcing yarn

Claims (4)

A vegetation sheet having a texture formed by weaving or knitting a predetermined yarn,
A scale expansion means for expanding the size of the scale over time,
The scale expansion means is
It has a twisted yarn in which two or more yarns having relatively different biodegradation rates are spirally twisted,
The scale is
While formed by weaving or knitting the twisted yarn,
Expanded by decomposing / disappearing yarn with high biodegradation speed, and after disassembling yarn with high biodegradation speed, the yarn with low biodegradation speed is released from the twisting and can be extended from the spiral state. Spread,
The vegetation sheet, wherein the yarn having a high biodegradation rate is a yarn having a larger friction coefficient than the yarn having a low biodegradation rate. The coefficient of static friction between yarns having a high biodegradation rate is 0.25 μ or more,
The coefficient of static friction between the yarns with a slow biodegradation rate is less than 0.25μ,
The vegetation sheet according to claim 1, wherein a coefficient of static friction between the yarn having a high biodegradation rate and the yarn having a low biodegradation rate is 0.25 μ or more. A vegetation bag formed in a bag shape so that a predetermined vegetation base material can be stored,
A vegetation bag, wherein the vegetation sheet according to claim 1 or 2 is formed into a bag shape . A deterrent yarn that is spanned between a predetermined length between opposing inner side surfaces in the bag, and that suppresses an increase in the thickness of the vegetation bag due to storage of the vegetation base material;
4. The vegetation bag according to claim 3, wherein one of the restraining yarns is alternately bridged between the inner side surfaces along a predetermined direction.

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