JP4716774B2 - Plant growth base material and soil covering material provided with the plant growth base material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant growth base material and a soil covering material provided with the plant growth base material. In particular, the present invention relates to a plant growth base material that can be used even in cold regions where frost heaving phenomenon is likely to occur and unevenness on the soil surface and is excellent in workability, and a soil covering material provided with the plant growth base material.

  In recent years, as a means for growing plants represented by turf, attention has been paid to a means for transferring and laying a plant-growing substrate having a plant rooted to a predetermined site from the viewpoint of productivity and ease of implementation. Has been. From the viewpoint of shortening the plant growing period at the laying place, it is desired that the plant growing base material has a form in which the plant is easily rooted in the soil at the laying place.

  On the other hand, in cold districts and the like, a frost heaving phenomenon occurs in which water in the ground freezes and the ground is lifted. Here, when this frost heaving phenomenon occurs on an inclined surface, the soil after the frost heaving phenomenon falls downward in the direction of gravity, and thus the soil surface is likely to be uneven. Therefore, in order to be able to be used even in a cold region, the plant growing base material has performance that can cope with such unevenness, specifically, strength that can withstand external force applied during the frost heaving phenomenon, and performance that is difficult to be destroyed. Is desired.

  So far, several techniques relating to plant growth base materials and techniques applicable as plant growth base materials have been disclosed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a stretched tape made of a thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 30 to 500 μm and a width of 0.2 to 3.0 mm, a gap (mesh) of 1 to 5 mm, and a hole opening rate of 10 to 10. On one side of the base fabric net 80% woven in a lattice shape, a stretch tape made of thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 20 to 500 μm and a width of 0.2 to 3.0 mm is at a level of 5 to 40 mm. A technique relating to an erosion prevention mat, characterized in that it is attached in the form of a loop and has a restoration rate of 110% or less, an elongation rate of 10% or less, and a hook test strength of 98 N or more in an elongation recovery test. Is disclosed. According to such a technique, it is easy to fill the sand between the constituent members of the erosion prevention mat, the roots of the plant to be vegetated easily reach the levee body soil through the hole provided in the base fabric net, and It is said that an erosion prevention mat that can be suitably used for greening a slope or the like is provided.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses that a pile length of a pile of sheet-like material with a pile width of 5/32 inches or more and 7/8 inches or less and a stitch per 10 cm density of 5 or more and 25 or less. For growing plants, with a pile of 3 mm or more and 25 mm or less, and a length of 1/3 or more of the shorter pile interval and less than 3 times the length of the longer pile interval. Techniques relating to the substrate are disclosed. According to this technique, it is possible to provide a plant-growing substrate that can easily and reliably root a plant without using a mesh material.
JP 2001-254330 A JP-A-9-2011127

  However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 focuses on improving the erosion prevention effect, and the loop is formed with a high density, so that the strength of the base fabric decreases when the loop is attached. Cheap. In addition, since plant roots are difficult to settle, plant growth itself is likely to be inhibited, and even if this technology is applied to a plant growth base material used in cold regions, it can be used stably over a long period of time. There was a problem that it was difficult. On the other hand, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the rooting of the plant is improved by forming a pile on the sheet-like material, the mass tends to be heavy, and the plant growth base material is transferred to a predetermined site. There was a problem that the workability when laying was lowered.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the base material for plant growth which was usable in a cold region, and was excellent in workability | operativity, and a soil coating material provided with the said base material for plant growth.

  The present invention will be described below. In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are appended in parentheses, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) Is added to the mesh-shaped base fabric (5) formed by weaving the first tape-shaped member (1, 1,...). A plant growth base material (10) configured to be attached, on one side of the mesh base fabric (5), formed by a second tape-like member (2, 2,...) A loop (6, 6,...) Of 8 to 20 mm is provided, and the first tape-like member (1, 1,...) Has a thickness of 30 to 300 μm and a width of 0.2 to 3 mm. The gap between the first tape-like members (1, 1,...) Constituting the mesh base fabric (5) is 1 to 5 mm, and the porosity of the mesh base fabric (5) is 30 to 70%. The second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) Has a thickness of 20 to 200 μm and a width of 1.0 to 4.0 mm. The mass ratio of the second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) To the first tape-shaped member (1, 1,...) Is 1.5 or more and 3.5 or less, and the mass per unit area is The said subject is solved by the base material for plant cultivation (10) characterized by being 150-400 g / m < ² >.

  Here, the loop (6, 6,...) According to the present invention means an annular shape formed by the second tape-like member (2, 2,...), And a specific example of the formation form is as follows. When the second tape-like member (2, 2,...) Is attached to the mesh base fabric (5) by means such as sewing, the loop is caused by the second tape-like member (2, 2,...). The form etc. which attach the said 2nd tape-shaped member (2, 2, ...) to a mesh-like base fabric (5) so that it may be mentioned can be mentioned. Moreover, the aperture ratio of the mesh-like base fabric (5) means the aperture ratio defined in JIS Z8843: 1998 “Industrial plate sieve”. Further, the gap between the first tape-like members (1, 1,...) Is 1 to 5 mm in the form having an interval of “width of the tape-like member + 1 mm” to “width of the tape-like member + 5 mm”. It means that a mesh-like base fabric (5) is formed by weaving one tape-like member (1, 1,...). In addition, the mass ratio of the second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) To the first tape-shaped member (1, 1,...) Is 1.5 to 3.5. When the total mass of the first tape-shaped members (1, 1,...) Constituting (10) is A and the total mass of the second tape-shaped members (2, 2,...) Is B, B / A Means a value of 1.5 or more and 3.5 or less.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the compression / decompression ratio calculated through a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile test method” is preferably 90% or more and 100% or less.

Here, the compression recovery rate calculated through a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile test method” is a pressure of 100 kPa with a circular (area 25 cm ² ) presser foot on a test piece of 20 cm × 20 cm. When applied for 30 seconds, when X is the thickness of the test piece one minute after removal and Y is the thickness of the test piece before the above test, it is calculated by X / Y × 100 Means the value to be.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness measured by a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile Test Method” is preferably 7 mm or more and 12 mm or less.

Here, the thickness measured by a test according to JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile test method” is a pressure of 0.7 kPa with a circular (area 25 cm ² ) presser foot on a test piece of any size. In addition, the average value of the measurement results when the thickness of the pressurized test piece is no longer observed (usually, when 30 seconds or more have elapsed) is measured at five different points on the test piece. Means.

  Furthermore, in the first aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the tensile strength in the length direction measured by a test according to JIS L1096: 1999 “General Textile Testing Method” is 350 N / 50 mm or more.

  Here, the tensile strength in the length direction measured by a test in accordance with JIS L1096: 1999 “General Textile Testing Method” is a test piece having a width of 50 mm and a length of 200 mm between grips (the test according to the present invention). In the case of 5 sheets), a tensile load was applied at a speed such that the breaking time was 20 seconds ± 3 seconds or 30 seconds ± 5 seconds, and the maximum tensile load recorded until breaking was measured. It means the average value of the measurement results.

  In addition, in the first aspect of the present invention, the longitudinal hook strength measured by a test based on JIS L1043 “Synthetic Fiber Fishing Net Test” is preferably 200 N or more.

  Here, the longitudinal hook strength measured by a test in accordance with JIS L1043 “Netting Test for Synthetic Fiber Fishing Nets” refers to each test piece having a width of 100 mm and a length of 200 mm (in the test according to the present invention, 3 It means the average value of the measurement results when a tensile load of 200 mm / min with a hook interval of 100 mm is applied to the sheet and the maximum tensile load recorded until breaking is measured.

  2nd this invention is provided with the plant growing base material (10) of 1st this invention, and the plant (20, 20, ...) grown on the said plant growing base material (10). The above problem is solved by the covering material (100).

According to 1st this invention, since the open area rate of a mesh-like base fabric (5) is 30 to 70%, it becomes possible to make it fix to soil, without inhibiting the growth of a root of a plant. The mass ratio of the second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) To the first tape-shaped member (1, 1,...) Is 1.5 or more and 3.5 or less, and the mass per unit area. Is 150 to 400 g / m ² , so that the strength of the mesh base fabric (5) to which the second tape-shaped member (2, 2,...) Is attached is maintained while the plant growing base material is laid. It becomes possible to suppress the workability deterioration. Therefore, with this configuration, it is possible to provide a plant-growing substrate (10) that can be used even in cold regions and has excellent workability.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, if the compression recovery rate calculated by the above formula is 90% or more and 100% or less, it is possible to provide a plant-growing substrate (10) that is not easily crushed. For this reason, by adopting such a configuration, it is possible to make the plant root (10) capable of effectively growing the roots of the plant and hardly damaging the roots of the plant.

  Furthermore, in the first aspect of the present invention, if the measured thickness is 7 mm or more and 12 mm or less, the roots of the plant are easy to reach the soil and are easily settled in the soil, so that the plant is effectively grown. It is possible to provide a plant-growing substrate (10) that can be produced.

  In addition, in the first aspect of the present invention, if the measured tensile strength in the length direction is 350 N / 50 mm or more, the plant-growing substrate (10) is strong enough to withstand external forces during the frost heave phenomenon. It becomes possible. Therefore, it becomes easy to provide the base material for plant cultivation (10) which can be used conveniently also in a cold region by setting it as this structure.

  Furthermore, in the first aspect of the present invention, when the lengthwise hook strength measured is 200 N or more, the plant growth base material has a strength capable of withstanding local deformation due to an external force during the frost heave phenomenon. (10) is possible. Therefore, it becomes easy to provide the base material for plant cultivation (10) which can be used conveniently also in a cold region by setting it as this structure.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the plant (20, 20,...) Is vegetated on the plant growth base material (10) that can be used in a cold region and has excellent workability, it can also be used in a cold region. It is possible to provide a soil covering material (100) which is possible and excellent in workability.

  Such an operation and gain of the present invention will be made clear from the best mode for carrying out the invention described below.

  Since it is desired that the plant-growing substrate is capable of efficiently growing plants, it is preferable that the plant-growing substrate has a form in which plants are easily rooted. On the other hand, since a frost heaving phenomenon occurs in a cold region or the like, it is desired that a plant growing base material used in an area where the frost heaving phenomenon has a strength that can withstand an external force during the frost heaving phenomenon. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving workability at the time of laying a plant growth base material, it is desirable to use a lightweight plant growth base material.

  As a result of intensive studies from such a viewpoint, the present inventors attached a loop formed of a tape-shaped member to a mesh-shaped base fabric having a predetermined aperture ratio, and a tape on which the mesh-shaped base fabric and the loop are to be formed. By making the mass of the shaped member into a specific range, it can be suitably used even in cold regions and can be used as a plant growing base material excellent in workability and a soil covering material, The present invention has been completed.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

1. FIG. 1 is an external view schematically showing a mesh-shaped base fabric, a second tape-shaped member and a loop, and a plant-growing substrate. 1A is a part of a mesh-like base fabric, FIG. 1B is a part of a second tape-like member, FIG. 1C is a loop, and FIG. 1D is a first implementation. The part of the base material for plant cultivation of this invention concerning a form is each shown roughly.

  As shown in the figure, a mesh-like base fabric 5 according to the present invention is formed by weaving a first tape-like member (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “base fabric-forming tape”) 1, 1,. (See FIG. 1A). On the other hand, the loops 6, 6,... Are formed by a second tape-like member (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “loop-forming tape”) 2 (see FIGS. 1B and 1C). . And, for example, by attaching the loops 6, 6,... To the mesh base fabric 5 through means such as knitting the loop 6 formed by the loop forming tape into the mesh base fabric 5, A plant growing substrate 10 is produced (see FIG. 1D). 1A and 1D, for the sake of convenience, the mesh base fabric 5 formed by plain weave is illustrated, but the mesh base fabric 5 according to the present invention is limited to the plain weave. It is not a thing. As will be described later, from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the mesh-like base fabric 5, it is preferable that the mesh-shaped base fabric 5 is formed by entanglement.

  The constituent members of the plant growth base material of the present invention and the characteristics that the plant growth base material should have will be described below.

1.1. Mesh Base Fabric The mesh base fabric 5 according to the present invention is a base fabric forming tape 1 having a thickness of 30 to 300 μm and a width of 0.2 to 3 mm, and an opening ratio of 30 to 70% at intervals of 1 to 5 mm. It is formed by weaving so that

1.1.1. The material of the base fabric forming tape The material of the base fabric forming tape 1 according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can form the mesh base fabric 5 having a strength that can withstand the external force during the frost heave phenomenon. Absent. Specific examples of the material include olefin resins such as polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resins such as copolymers mainly composed of vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, Vinylidene chloride resins such as copolymers based on vinylidene chloride, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide resins such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, polyamide MXD, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate Examples thereof include acrylic resins such as polyvinylidene chloride, thermoplastic resins such as polyvinylidene chloride, and natural fibers such as cotton and jute. Among these, it is preferable to use the base fabric forming tape 1 made of a thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint of making a plant growing base material having excellent durability. In addition, the thermoplastic resin which can comprise the base fabric formation tape 1 concerning this invention is not limited to the said resin illustrated, The tensile strength, hook strength, etc. which are required for the base fabric formation tape 1 etc. In consideration of the above, the type of resin can be selected as appropriate, and a base fabric forming tape 1 made of a mixture of a plurality of resins may be used.

  When a thermoplastic resin is used as the base fabric forming tape 1 according to the present invention, the thermoplastic resin is blended with various types and amounts of various resin additives that do not adversely affect the properties of the base fabric forming tape 1. can do. In the case of adding a resin additive to a thermoplastic resin, specific examples of the resin additive that can be used include colorants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants, and fillers. , Rust preventives, foaming agents and the like.

1.1.2. Thickness of Base Fabric Forming Tape The thickness of the base fabric forming tape 1 constituting the mesh-shaped base fabric 5 according to the present invention is set to 30 μm or more from the viewpoint of strength that can withstand external force during the frost heave phenomenon. Preferably it is 40 micrometers or more, More preferably, it is 50 micrometers or more. On the other hand, the thickness of the base fabric forming tape 1 is set to 300 μm or less from the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of the mesh-like base material and suppressing the deterioration of workability. Preferably it is 250 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 200 micrometers or less.

1.1.3. Width of Base Fabric Forming Tape The width of the base fabric forming tape 1 constituting the mesh-shaped base fabric 5 according to the present invention is 0.2 mm or more from the viewpoint of strength that can withstand external force during the frost heave phenomenon. Preferably it is 0.5 mm or more, More preferably, it is 0.8 mm or more. On the other hand, the width of the base fabric-forming tape 1 is set to 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of ensuring a hole area ratio capable of easily growing plants. Preferably, it is 2.5 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less.

1.1.4. Weaving Method for Base Fabric Forming Tape In the present invention, the weaving method of the base fabric forming tape 1 when producing the mesh-shaped base fabric 5 is not particularly limited, and specific examples of the weaving method include plain weaving, Twill weave, entangled weave (weaving method in which wefts pass between twisted warp yarns or warp yarns pass between twisted weft yarns at the intersection of warp yarns and weft yarns. FIG. ), Etc.). Above all, from the viewpoint of having a strength that can withstand local deformation due to external force during the frost heave phenomenon and making it a lightweight plant-growing substrate 10, a tangle weaving with improved longitudinal hook strength It is preferable that Furthermore, from the viewpoint of enabling improvement of the tensile strength and the like of the plant growing base material 10 without hindering the growth of plant roots, the intersection of the warp yarn and the weft yarn made of the base fabric forming tape 1 is heat-melted. It is preferable to wear.

1.1.5. The gap (interval) between the base fabric forming tapes 1, 1,... Constituting the mesh base fabric 5 according to the present invention is such that the roots of the plant can easily pass through the mesh base fabric 5 to the soil. From the standpoint of making it reachable, etc., it should be 1 mm or more. Preferably it is 1.5 mm or more, More preferably, it is 2 mm or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of facilitating attachment of the loops 6, 6,..., The gap (interval) between the base fabric forming tapes 1, 1,. Preferably it is 4.5 mm or less, More preferably, it is 4 mm or less.

1.1.6. The porosity of the mesh substrate 5 according to the present invention is 30% from the viewpoint of allowing plant roots to easily reach the soil via the mesh substrate 5. That's it. Preferably it is 35% or more, more preferably 40% or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of facilitating the attachment of the loops 6, 6,..., The mesh base fabric 5 has a hole area ratio of 70% or less. Preferably it is 65% or less, More preferably, it is 60% or less.

1.2. Loops 6, 6,... According to the present invention are formed by the loop forming tape 2 having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm and a width of 1.0 to 4.0 mm.

1.2.1. Material of Loop Forming Tape The material of the loop forming tape 2 according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can form a loop that is not easily crushed. Specific examples of the material include olefin resins such as polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resins such as copolymers mainly composed of vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, Vinylidene chloride resins such as copolymers based on vinylidene chloride, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide resins such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, polyamide MXD, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate Examples thereof include acrylic resins such as polyvinylidene chloride, thermoplastic resins such as polyvinylidene chloride, and natural fibers such as cotton and jute. Among these, it is preferable to use the loop forming tape 2 made of a thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint of making a plant growing base material having excellent durability. The thermoplastic resin that can constitute the loop forming tape 2 according to the present invention is not limited to the above resin, but comprehensively includes the tensile strength and hook strength required for the loop forming tape 2. In consideration of this, the type of resin can be selected as appropriate, and a loop forming tape 2 made of a mixture of a plurality of resins may be used.

  In addition, when a thermoplastic resin is used as the loop forming tape 2 according to the present invention, the thermoplastic resin is blended with various types and amounts of various resin additives that do not adversely affect the characteristics of the loop forming tape 2. Can do. In the case of adding a resin additive to a thermoplastic resin, specific examples of the resin additive that can be used include colorants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants, and fillers. , Rust preventives, foaming agents and the like.

1.2.2. Thickness of loop forming tape The thickness of the loop forming tape 2 forming the loops 6, 6,... According to the present invention makes it possible to effectively grow plant roots by making the loops 6, 6,. From the viewpoint of making it, etc., it is set to 20 μm or more. Preferably it is 30 micrometers or more, More preferably, it is 40 micrometers or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of making it possible to easily form the loops 6, 6,..., The thickness of the loop forming tape 2 is set to 200 μm or less. Preferably it is 150 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 100 micrometers or less.

1.2.3. Width of the loop forming tape The width of the loop forming tape 2 that forms the loops 6, 6,... According to the present invention is as follows. 0 mm or more. Preferably it is 1.5 mm or more, More preferably, it is 2.0 mm or more. On the other hand, the width of the loop forming tape 2 is set to 4.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of easily forming the loops 6, 6,. Preferably it is 3.5 mm or less, More preferably, it is 3.0 mm or less.

1.2.4. The height of the loops according to the present invention is set to 8 mm or more from the viewpoint of making the loops 6, 6,... Preferably it is 9 mm or more, More preferably, it is 10 mm or more. On the other hand, the height of the loops 6, 6,... Is set to 20 mm or less from the viewpoint of enabling effective growth of plant roots by setting the loops 6, 6,. . Preferably, it is 19 mm or less, More preferably, it is 18 mm or less, More preferably, it is 17 mm or less.

1.3. Method of Attaching Loop Forming Tape A plant growing base material 10 according to the present invention is configured by attaching a loop forming tape 2 to a mesh-like base fabric 5. In this invention, if the loop formation tape 2 which formed the loop 6, 6, ... with a height of 5-20 mm is attached to the mesh-like base fabric 5, the attachment form will not be specifically limited. Specific examples of the attachment form include a form in which the loop forming tape 2 is attached to the mesh base cloth 5 via an adhesive, a form in which the loop forming tape 2 is knitted into the mesh base cloth 5, or a mesh base. The form etc. which sew the loop formation tape 2 to the cloth 5 can be mentioned. Among these, in the present invention, it is preferable that the loop forming tape 2 is sewn to the mesh-like base fabric 5 from the viewpoint of improving the production efficiency of the plant-growing substrate.

  The form of the loop forming tape 2 when attached to the mesh-like base fabric 5 is not particularly limited, and as a specific example, a form in which about 1 to 10 loop forming tapes 2, 2,. The loop-forming tapes 2, 2,... That are stacked are twisted 1 to several times per inch (about 2.54 cm). In addition, when attaching the several loop formation tapes 2, 2, ... which were piled up to the mesh-like base fabric 5, from the viewpoint of being hard to be crushed and improving the production efficiency of the plant growth base material, the piled loops The number of formed tapes 2, 2,... Is preferably 2-5.

1.4. Mass of base fabric forming tape and loop forming tape In the plant growing base material 10 according to the present invention, the total mass of the base fabric forming tapes 1, 1,... Constituting the mesh-shaped base fabric 5 is A, loops 6, 6, When the total mass of the loop forming tapes 2, 2,... Constituting B is B, the value of B / A is 1.5 or more and 3.5 or less, and further, per unit area of the plant growing substrate 10 The mass is 150-400 g / m ² . From the viewpoint of making the plant-growing substrate 10 strong enough to withstand external forces during the frost heave phenomenon, the value of B / A is 1.5 or more. Preferably it is 2.0 or more. From the same viewpoint, the mass per unit area of the plant growing substrate 10 is 150 g / m ² or more. Preferably it is 200 g / m ² or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of improving workability when laying the plant growing base material 10, the value of B / A is set to 3.5 or less. Preferably it is 3.0 or less. Further, from the same viewpoint, the mass per unit area of the plant-growing substrate 10 is 400 g / m ² or less. Preferably it is 350 g / m ² or less.

  By making the base fabric forming tapes 1, 1,... And the loop forming tapes 2, 2,... Into masses that meet the above conditions, the loop density required for plant root growth and the difficulty of collapsing the loops are required. In addition, it is possible to obtain the plant growth base material 10 that can improve workability by reducing the weight while securing the strength that can withstand the external force during the frost heave phenomenon.

  Here, the manufacturing method of the base material 10 for plant growth provided with the base fabric formation tape 1, 1, ... and the loop formation tape 2, 2, ... of the mass suitable for the said conditions is not specifically limited. However, for example, a method of adjusting the frequency of attaching the loop forming tape to form a loop, adjusting the thickness and width of the loop forming tape, or adjusting the number of loop forming tapes to be superposed is adopted. It is possible. Here, when the plant-growing substrate 10 is manufactured by sewing the loop forming tape 2 to the mesh-like base fabric 5, the frequency of attaching the loop forming tape 2 is reduced (the loop density is reduced). Therefore, it is preferable that the mass condition is satisfied. If the frequency of attaching the loop forming tape 2 is reduced, it is possible to reduce the damage to the mesh-like base fabric 5 when the loop forming tape 2 is sewn, and excellent longitudinal tensile strength and length direction. It becomes possible to easily produce the plant-growing substrate 10 having hook strength (described later).

  The plant growth substrate according to the present invention can further improve the applicability in cold regions by providing the following characteristics.

1.5. Characteristics 1.5.1. Compression Restoration Rate The plant growth base material 10 according to the present invention preferably has a compression restoration rate of 90% or more and 100% or less calculated through a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile Test Method”. . If the compression restoration rate is 90% or more, it becomes possible to obtain a plant growing base material 10 that is not easily crushed, so that the roots of the plant can be effectively grown. It becomes possible to suppress damage. A more preferable compression recovery rate is 95% or more, and more preferably 98% or more.

  In the present invention, the method for producing the plant-growing substrate 10 having the compression recovery rate is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the method include means for adjusting the height of the loops 6, 6,... To be lower (for example, about 10 mm to 17 mm) or increasing the rigidity of the loop forming tape 2. Here, as a specific example of the method for increasing the rigidity of the loop forming tape 2, the number of the loop forming tapes 2 is set to about 2 to 5, and the frequency of twisting the loop forming tape 2 is about 50 to 150 times / m. And a method of increasing the width of the loop forming tape 2 (for example, about 2 to 3 mm).

1.5.2. Thickness As for the plant cultivation base material 10 concerning this invention, it is preferable that the thickness measured based on JIS L1908: 2000 "geotextile test method" is 7 mm or more and 12 mm or less. If the said thickness is 12 mm or less, it will become possible to provide the base material 10 for plant cultivation thinner than before. With the plant growth base material 10 having such a thickness, the roots of the plants can easily reach the soil through the plant growth base material 10. Moreover, if it is the said thickness, it becomes possible to lengthen the length of the said plant growth base material when the winding diameter at the time of winding the base material for plant growth is made constant, The operation | work at the time of laying work It becomes possible to improve the property. From the standpoint of facilitating the growth of plants and improving the workability during laying work, the thickness is more preferably 11 mm or less. On the other hand, if the thickness is 7 mm or more, it becomes possible to satisfy the thickness required for the roots of the plants to be entangled with the loops, and the plant has a strength that can sufficiently entangle the roots of the plants with the loops. It becomes possible to set it as the base material 10. From the viewpoint of satisfying the thickness required for the roots of the plant to be entangled with the loop, and the plant growth base material 10 having a thickness that can sufficiently entangle the roots of the plant with the loop, the thickness is 8 mm or more. More preferably.

  In this invention, the manufacturing method of the base material 10 for plant cultivation which has the said thickness is not specifically limited. Specific examples of the method include means for adjusting the height of the loops 6, 6,... To be low (for example, about 10 mm to 17 mm).

1.5.3. Tensile strength in the length direction The base material for plant growth 10 according to the present invention has a tensile strength in the length direction measured in accordance with JIS L1096: 1999 “General Textile Testing Method” of 350 N / 50 mm or more. Is preferred. If the tensile strength in the length direction is 350 N / 50 mm or more, it becomes easy to obtain the plant-growing substrate 10 having a strength that can withstand the external force during the frost heave phenomenon. From the viewpoint of further improving the durability against the frost heave phenomenon, the longitudinal tensile strength is more preferably 400 N / 50 mm or more. In practice, if the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction is 500 N / 50 mm, it can be evaluated that the frost heaving phenomenon has sufficient durability.

  In this invention, the manufacturing method of the base material 10 for plant cultivation which has the said length direction tensile strength is not specifically limited. As a specific example of the method, it is formed by entwining the base fabric forming tape 1, and further, the mesh base fabric 5 formed by heat-sealing the intersecting portion of the base fabric forming tape 1. A method such as sewing the loop forming tape 2 can be mentioned. Here, if the sewing frequency of the loop forming tape 2 is reduced, the number of holes for sewing that can be opened in the mesh-like base fabric 5 can be reduced, so that damage to the mesh-like base fabric 5 is reduced. By doing so, it becomes easy to improve the tensile strength in the length direction of the plant-growing substrate 10. Therefore, if it is set as this form, it will become easy to set it as the plant growth base material which has the intensity | strength which can endure the external force at the time of a frost heave phenomenon.

1.5.4. Longitudinal hooking strength The substrate growing base material 10 according to the present invention preferably has a longitudinal hooking strength of 200 N or more. If the hooking strength in the length direction is 200 N or more, it becomes easy to obtain the plant growing base material 10 having a strength that can withstand local deformation due to external force during the frost heave phenomenon. From the viewpoint of further improving the durability against the frost heave phenomenon, the longitudinal hooking strength is more preferably 230 N or more. In practice, if there is a longitudinal hook strength of 250 N, it can be evaluated that there is sufficient durability against the frost heaving phenomenon.

  In the present invention, the method for producing the plant-growing substrate 10 having the longitudinal hook strength is not particularly limited. As a specific example of the method, it is formed by entwining the base fabric forming tape 1, and further, the mesh base fabric 5 formed by heat-sealing the intersecting portion of the base fabric forming tape 1. A method such as sewing the loop forming tape 2 can be mentioned. Here, if the sewing frequency of the loop forming tape 2 is reduced, the number of holes for sewing that can be opened in the mesh-like base fabric 5 can be reduced, so that damage to the mesh-like base fabric 5 is reduced. By doing so, it becomes easy to improve the longitudinal strength of the plant-growing substrate 10. In addition, the entanglement weave makes it easier to improve the hooking strength in the length direction compared to the plain weave. Therefore, if it is set as this form, it will become easy to set it as the plant growth base material which has the intensity | strength which can endure the local deformation | transformation by the external force at the time of a frost heave phenomenon.

2. Soil covering material The soil covering material of this invention is demonstrated below, referring a figure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a soil covering material comprising a plant-growing substrate and a plant according to the present invention, FIG. 2 (A) is an external view showing the soil covering material, and FIG. 2 (B) is soil. It is a vertical direction sectional view which shows a soil covering material roughly. In FIG. 2 (A), in order to facilitate understanding of the form of the soil covering material according to the present invention, the soil to be filled in the loop or mesh of the plant growing base material is omitted. In FIG. 2B, the straight arrow indicates the vertical direction.

  The soil covering material 100 of the present invention is provided on the plant-growing substrate 10 and the loop-arranged surface side of the plant-growing substrate 10 and is rooted on the loops 6, 6,. Plants 20, 20,... Are provided (see FIG. 2A). When the soil covering material 100 in such a form is laid on the soil, the roots of the plants 20, 20,... Pass through the loops 6, 6,. The plants 20, 20,... Settle on the soil (see FIG. 2B).

  Thus, since the soil covering material 100 of the present invention includes the plant growing base material 10 of the present invention that can be suitably used even in a cold region and is excellent in workability, it is preferably used even in a cold region. And is excellent in workability during laying work.

3. Laying Form of Plant Growing Base Material A specific form example of laying the plant growing base material of the present invention is outlined below.

3.1. Pre-growth form Collect the plant growth base material in which the plant has been pre-grown on the loop, etc., in any shape that makes it difficult to damage the plant and that can be expanded (for example, wind up and collect it in a zigzag manner) After that, the plant can be grown on the laying place by a method such as transporting to the soil surface as the laying place, spreading and laying. Here, as a specific example of the method for growing the plant in advance in the loop part of the plant growth base material, etc., in a field or the like provided with the plant growth base material arranged near the ground surface of the soil, or the mesh part and Examples thereof include a method of planting a seed-like material or a mat-like material on which a plant such as turf has been grown on a plant-growing substrate in which earth and sand are filled in a loop portion or the like.

3.2. Forms that grow directly In addition to the above forms, plants can be planted by seeding or planting a mat-like material on which plants such as turf are cultivated in the soil (laying place) where the plant-growing substrate is laid. It is also possible to grow the plant directly at the laying place where the growing base material should be laid. Here, the plant-growing base material laid at the laying place may be in a form in which the mesh part or loop part is not filled with earth and sand, or in a form in which these parts are filled with earth and sand. Also good.

  As mentioned above, although the laying form of the plant growth base material of the present invention has been described, from the viewpoints of workability represented by the danger and labor of work in the laying place, the degree of plant growth, and economic efficiency, the present It is preferable that the plant growth base material of the invention has a form in which a plant is grown in advance other than the laying place, and then the plant growth base material is transported and laid to the laying site.

1. Production of plant growth substrate 1.1. Production of Plant Growing Substrates According to Examples Two polyethylene tapes having a thickness of 60 μm and a width of 1 mm as warps (base fabric forming tape), and a polyethylene tape having a thickness of 120 μm and a width of 1 mm as weft yarns (base fabric forming tape). A mesh-shaped base fabric having a porosity of 52% is prepared by using one and weaving warp and weft so that the gap between the base-fabric forming tapes is 2.63 mm. The intersections were joined by heat sealing. On the other hand, a tape (loop forming tape) twisted 80 times per 1 meter by laminating three polypropylene tapes with a thickness of 48 μm and a width of 2.5 mm is woven into the mesh base fabric after heat-sealing, and the mesh base fabric A loop having a height of 12 mm was formed on one side of the substrate, and used as a plant-growing substrate according to the example. FIG. 3A shows a mesh-like base fabric formed by entwining a base fabric-forming tape. FIG. 3B shows a mesh-like base fabric and a loop-forming tape on the side where no loop is formed. Each form is shown schematically. 3 (A) and 3 (B), the mesh base woven in a form in which the base fabric forming tape (weft yarn) is arranged so as to pass through the gaps of the twisted base fabric forming tape (warp yarn). Shows the cloth. Moreover, in the test shown below, although the mesh-shaped base fabric formed by the entangled weave is used, the formation method of the mesh-shaped base fabric concerning this invention is not limited to an entangled weave.

The mass per unit area of the plant-growing substrate according to the example was 260 g / m ² , and the total mass of the loop-forming tape according to the example was 2.25 times the total mass of the base fabric-forming tape. Moreover, the base material for plant cultivation concerning an Example is 98% of the compression restoration rate computed through the test based on JIS L1908: 2000 "geotextile test method", the thickness is 10 mm, JIS L1096: 1999 " Length direction tensile strength measured by a test according to “General Textile Testing Method” is 420 N / 50 mm, and further, a length direction measured by a test according to JIS L1043 “Netting Test for Synthetic Fiber Fishing Nets” The hook strength was 260N.

1.2. Production of Plant Growing Base According to Comparative Example 1 One polyethylene tape with a thickness of 120 μm and a width of 1 mm as warp (base fabric forming tape), and a polyethylene tape with a thickness of 120 μm and a width of 1 mm as weft (base fabric forming tape) Is used, and a warp and weft are plain woven so that the gap between the base fabric forming tapes is 2.18 mm, thereby producing a mesh-type base fabric having a porosity of 47%. The intersections were joined by heat sealing. On the other hand, a tape (loop forming tape) twisted 80 times per 1 meter by stacking 5 polypropylene tapes with a thickness of 48 μm and a width of 4.0 mm (loop forming tape) is woven into the mesh base fabric after heat-sealing, and the mesh base fabric A loop having a height of 20 mm was formed on one side of the substrate, and used as a plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 1.

The mass per unit area of the plant growth substrate according to Comparative Example 1 was 701 g / m ² , and the total mass of the loop-forming tape according to Comparative Example 1 was 5.7 times the total mass of the base fabric-forming tape. . Moreover, the plant growth substrate according to Comparative Example 1 has a compression recovery rate calculated through a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 “Geotextile Test Method” of 85.9%, the same thickness of 12.9 mm, The tensile strength in the length direction measured by a test according to JIS L1096: 1999 “General Textile Testing Method” is 410 N / 50 mm, and further measured by a test according to JIS L1043 “Netting test for synthetic fiber fishing nets”. The applied lengthwise hook strength was 206N.

1.3. Production of Plant Growing Substrates According to Comparative Example 2 Two polyethylene tapes having a thickness of 60 μm and a width of 1 mm as warps (base fabric forming tape), and a polyethylene tape having a thickness of 120 μm and a width of 1 mm as weft yarn (base fabric forming tape) Is used to fabricate a mesh-like base fabric having a porosity of 52% by weaving warp and weft so that the gap between the base-fabric forming tapes is 2.63 mm. The crossing part of was joined by thermal fusion. On the other hand, a tape (loop forming tape) twisted 80 times per 1 meter by laminating five polypropylene tapes with a thickness of 80 μm and a width of 2.5 mm is woven into the mesh base fabric after heat-sealing, and the mesh base fabric A loop having a height of 20 mm was formed on one side of the substrate to obtain a plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2.

The mass per unit area of the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2 was 640 g / m ² , and the total mass of the loop-forming tape according to Comparative Example 2 was 7.0 times the total mass of the base fabric-forming tape. . Moreover, the base material for plant growth concerning the comparative example 2 is 90.8% of the compression restoration rate computed through the test based on JIS L1908: 2000 "geotextile test method", the thickness is 13 mm, JIS L1096. : The tensile strength in the length direction measured by a test according to 1999 “General Textile Testing Method” is 360 N / 50 mm, and further measured by a test according to JIS L1043 “Netting test for synthetic fiber fishing net”. The longitudinal hook strength was 260N.

  Example, Comparative Example 1 and Physical Property Values of Plant Growing Materials According to Comparative Example 2, and Material, Thickness, Width of Base Fabric Forming Tape and Loop Forming Tape Constructing Each Plant Growing Material Etc. are shown together in Table 1.

2. Plant Growth Test After laying the plant growth base materials according to Examples, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 having the above physical properties on a soil surface of 30 m in length and 2 m in a lawn field without gaps, respectively. Then, soil was spread on each plant growth base material, and lawn grass seeds were sown on the other half (15 m) of the plant growth base material in the length direction half (15 m). In addition, about the base material for plant cultivation concerning the comparative example 2, the curing for about one month has been implemented, and about the other plant cultivation base material, the curing for about one month is being implemented now. . Therefore, plant growth will be described below based on the results of plant growth tests using the plant growth substrate according to Comparative Example 2 and the above physical property values of each plant growth substrate.

  The plant growth base material according to the example has a lower loop density than the plant growth base material according to Comparative Example 2 by reducing the mass per unit area and the above mass ratio. The height is lowered to improve the compression recovery rate (90.8% → 98%). Therefore, in the soil cured using the plant-growing substrate according to the example, the loop-forming tape is not crushed, and the solid grass roots are filled into the soil filled in the loop portion of the plant-growing substrate. It is predicted that the grass roots reach the soil under the plant growth base. In addition, at the part where the seeds of turfgrass are sown, the seeds are germinated, and the roots are expected to reach the underlying soil through the plant-growing substrate.

  On the other hand, since the thickness of the loop forming tape of the plant growing base material according to Comparative Example 1 is thinner than that according to Comparative Example 2, the compression restoration rate is higher than that of the plant growing base material according to Comparative Example 2. It is decreasing (90.8% → 85.9%). Furthermore, the gap of the base fabric forming tape constituting the mesh-like base fabric according to Comparative Example 1 and the aperture ratio of the mesh-like base fabric are smaller than the gap and the aperture ratio according to Comparative Example 2 (gap: 2 .63 mm → 2.18 mm, hole area ratio: 52% → 47%). Therefore, in the soil cured using the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 1, the crushing of the loop-forming tape is promoted more than the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2, and a part of the root of the sticky lawn Is extended to the soil filled in the loop portion of the plant growth base material, while the grass roots reaching the soil under the plant growth base material are expected to be few. In addition, seeds germinate in turfgrass seeded parts, and some of the roots reach the plant growth substrate, but few roots reach the soil under the plant growth substrate. Is done.

  On the other hand, in the soil cured using the plant growth base according to Comparative Example 2, the roots of the solid lawn were extended to the soil filled in the loop portion of the plant growth base. There were few grass roots that reached the soil under the substrate, and the growth of the roots was sparse and insufficient. Furthermore, at the part where the seeds of turfgrass were sown, the seeds germinated and their roots reached the plant growth base, but the roots that reached the soil under the plant growth base remained limited. It was. This is because the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2 had a loop height of 20 mm, so that the loop was crushed, the substrate was 13 mm thick, and the grass roots were in the soil. It is thought that it was because it was difficult to reach.

3. Winding and laying test When the curing period in the above plant growth test is 2 months, the plant growth base with the lawn still vegetated is cut with a cutter knife, and the width is 2 m and the length is 5 m. A plant growing base material with a lawn (hereinafter referred to as “soil covering material”). After that, each of the soil covering material applied to the area where the lawn was spread and the soil covering material applied to the area where the seeds of turfgrass were sowed were wound up so that the mesh base fabric would be on the outside, and rolled. Soil covering material. And each roll-shaped soil covering material provided with the plant growth base material concerning an Example, the comparative example 1, and the comparative example 2 is made into the slope of the gradient 1: 1.2 and the method length 3m. Lay out in a deployed form and evaluate the workability during laying.
In addition, like the said plant growth test, although the winding and laying test using the soil coating material provided with the plant growth base concerning the comparative example 2 has already been implemented, the plant concerning the example and the comparative example 1 The test using a soil coating with a substrate for growth is scheduled to be implemented in the future. Therefore, a winding / laying test result using a soil covering material (hereinafter, described as “a soil covering material according to Comparative Example 2”) including the plant growth base material according to Comparative Example 2, and The workability when laying the soil covering material is described based on the physical property values of the plant growing bases.

In the plant-growing substrate according to the example, the loop is not easily crushed, and the loop density attached to the mesh-like base fabric is smaller than the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2, so that the plant-growing substrate loop is There is little risk that the growth of grass roots will be hindered in the area. Therefore, it is predicted that separation between the plant-growing substrate and the lawn does not occur during the winding operation and the laying operation. On the other hand, the plant-growing substrate according to the example has a mass per unit area of 260 g / m ² and is lighter than the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. Therefore, according to the soil covering material provided with the plant-growing substrate according to the example, it is predicted that the workability of the winding work and the laying work can be improved.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned soil covering material (hereinafter referred to as “soil covering material according to Comparative Example 1”) provided with the plant growing base material according to Comparative Example 1 is spread on the plant growing base material. It is predicted that the loop part of the plant growing base material is crushed by the weight of the soil. Therefore, the growth of lawn roots in the plant growth base material loop part is inhibited, and the lawn root and the loop part of the plant growth base material cannot be sufficiently integrated. Occasionally, separation between the plant growth substrate and the lawn is expected to occur. Furthermore, since the mass per unit area of the plant growing base according to Comparative Example 1 is as heavy as 701 g / m ² , it is predicted that the workability of the winding work and the laying work is lowered.

On the other hand, in the soil covering material according to Comparative Example 2, separation between the plant growth base material and the lawn occurred in part during the winding operation and the laying operation. This is because the loop of the plant growth base material was crushed by the weight of the soil spread on the plant growth base material according to Comparative Example 2, so that the growth of the lawn root to the loop part was inhibited, This is probably because the loop part of the plant growing base and the grass roots could not be sufficiently integrated. Moreover, since the mass per unit area of the plant-growing substrate according to Comparative Example 2 was as heavy as 640 g / m ² , the workability of the winding work and the laying work was lowered.

  While the present invention has been described in connection with embodiments that are presently the most practical and preferred, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein. Rather, it can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit or idea of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification, and a plant growth base material with such a change and a soil covering provided with the plant growth base material Materials should also be understood as being within the scope of the present invention.

It is an external view which shows a mesh-shaped base fabric, a 2nd tape-shaped member, a loop, and the base material for plant cultivation roughly. It is the schematic which shows a soil coating material provided with the base material for plant cultivation concerning this invention, and a plant. It is the schematic which shows the form of the cross | intersection part of a tangle, and a mesh-like base fabric and a loop formation tape.

Explanation of symbols

1 First tape-shaped member (base fabric forming tape)
2 Second tape-shaped member (loop forming tape)
5 Mesh base fabric 6 Loop 10 Plant growing base material 20 Plant 100 Soil covering material

Claims (6)

A plant-growing base material configured by attaching a second tape-like member to a mesh-like base fabric formed by weaving a first tape-like member,
On one side of the mesh-shaped base fabric, a loop having a height of 8 to 20 mm formed by the second tape-shaped member is provided,
The first tape-shaped member has a thickness of 30 to 300 μm and a width of 0.2 to 3 mm.
The gap between the first tape-like members constituting the mesh-like base fabric is 1 to 5 mm, and the porosity of the mesh-like base fabric is 30 to 70%,
The second tape-shaped member has a thickness of 20 to 200 μm and a width of 1.0 to 4.0 mm.
The mass ratio of the second tape-shaped member to the first tape-shaped member is 1.5 or more and 3.5 or less, and the mass per unit area is 150 to 400 g / m ^2. A substrate for plant growth. The plant growth base material according to claim 1, wherein the compression recovery rate calculated through a test based on JIS L1908: 2000 "Geotextile test method" is 90% or more and 100% or less. The plant growth substrate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a thickness measured by a test according to JIS L1908: 2000 "Geotextile test method" is 7 mm or more and 12 mm or less. The length direction tensile strength measured by the test based on JIS L1096: 1999 "General textile test method" is 350 N / 50mm or more, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Plant growing base. The length direction hook strength measured by the test based on JIS L1043 "netting test for synthetic fiber fishing nets" is 200 N or more, The any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Plant growing base. A soil covering comprising the plant growth base material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a plant grown on the plant growth base material.

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