JP7417260B2 - Vegetation mat and installation structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vegetation mat that is laid on slopes, slopes, and other soil surfaces to be greened to promote soil greening, and to an installation structure for the vegetation mat.

When constructing various types of slopes and newly developed land, greening is actively carried out to preserve the scenery and environment of slopes and other areas, as well as to prevent the erosion of earth and sand. Conventionally, greening has been carried out by fixing vegetation mats that hold vegetation materials (or vegetation base materials) such as soil, seeds, fertilizers, and water retention materials to soil using anchors or the like.

Patent Document 1 discloses a vegetation mat for stably greening a slope. Hereinafter, in the relevant paragraph, the code of Patent Document 1 is shown in parentheses. The vegetation mat (1) consists of a thick mat (3) made of plant fibers and a thin corrosive sheet (4). A bag (5) made of a water-soluble material filled with a vegetation base material (51) is arranged in parallel between the mat (3) and the sheet (4). The bag body (5) is filled with a vegetation base material (51) containing seeds, fertilizer, soil improving material, water retaining material, and water repellent suppressing material. A mat (3) and a sheet (4) are fixed between adjacent bags (5) by a fastening member (6). When the vegetation mat (1) is laid, the vegetation bag (5) is covered with the thick mat (3), so that the vegetation base material (51) has good adhesion to the slope (2). Even after the water-soluble vegetation bag (5) has melted away, the vegetation base material (51) can be stably fixed on the slope (2) without being washed away.

Patent No. 2784760

However, in a conventional vegetation mat (hereinafter referred to as a vegetation mat) as disclosed in Patent Document 1, when a bag is held by a mat on the surface layer and a sheet on the soil side, both the mat and the sheet are shaped like the outer shape of the bag. deforms in a wave-like manner. Therefore, when the vegetation mat is laid on the soil, it is inevitable that the vegetation mat will rise from the soil surface and a gap will be created between the back surface of the vegetation mat and the soil surface between adjacent bags. Regarding the early vegetation condition after approximately one month of laying the vegetation mat, it was found that the coverage rate of vegetation was clearly lower in areas where gaps between the bags had formed compared to other areas. Observed by the inventors. Therefore, the present invention aims to improve the coverage rate of vegetation in the area between the bags, thereby making it possible to perform soil greening more quickly and effectively.

The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a vegetation mat that allows soil greening to be carried out more quickly and effectively.

A vegetation mat according to one embodiment of the present invention is a vegetation mat that is laid in soil and extends vertically and horizontally,
a flexible bottom sheet;
a flexible surface sheet bonded to the surface side of the bottom sheet;
a plurality of long cylindrical portions provided between the bottom layer sheet and the surface layer sheet, each of which extends in the horizontal direction and is arranged in the vertical direction;
a plurality of connecting parts arranged vertically alternately with the plurality of long cylinder parts and connecting adjacent long cylinder parts;
The longitudinal direction of each of the long tube parts is such that when each of the long tube parts is filled with a bag-like or cylindrical bag containing vegetation material, deformation of the bottom layer sheet due to deformation of the surface layer sheet is suppressed. In a cross-sectional view along , the length of the surface sheet is longer than the length of the bottom sheet.

In a vegetation mat according to a further aspect of the present invention , in the vegetation mat of the above aspect , the length of the surface layer sheet is approximately the same as the length of the bottom layer sheet in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each of the connecting portions. Features.

A vegetation mat according to a further aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the vegetation mat of the above aspect , the surface layer sheet and the bottom layer sheet are net bodies.

A vegetation mat according to a further aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the vegetation mat of the above aspect , the surface layer mat is formed of a thicker material than the bottom layer mat.

A vegetation mat according to a further aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the vegetation mat of the above aspect further includes a seeded sheet disposed on the back side of the bottom layer sheet.

In a vegetation mat according to a further aspect of the present invention , in the vegetation mat of the above aspect , a holding portion is provided between the outer surface of the bag body and the inner surface of the elongated cylindrical portion so as to retain the vegetation material that has flowed out from the bag body. It is characterized by further comprising:

An installation structure of one form of the present invention is laid in soil, and includes a vegetation mat of the above form ,
a plurality of bags accommodated in each long cylinder part of the vegetation mat,
The surface layer sheet of the vegetation mat is deformed so as to be vertically undulating, and the bottom layer sheet follows the surface shape of the soil over the entire plane.

According to the vegetation mat of one embodiment of the present invention (Paragraph 0007) , in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each long cylinder, the length of the surface sheet is greater than the length of the bottom sheet, so that each long cylinder By preferentially deforming the top layer sheet and inflating the long cylindrical portion when the bag body is filled in the bottom layer sheet, deformation of the bottom layer sheet can be effectively suppressed. Then, when the vegetation mat is laid on the soil and the long cylinder part is filled with the bag, only the surface sheet of the long cylinder part is deformed independently from the bottom sheet, and the bottom sheet is maintained along the soil surface. It becomes possible to lay the vegetation mat so that the back side of the vegetation mat does not rise above the soil surface. That is, when the vegetation mat of the present invention is laid on soil, by reducing the gap between the vegetation mat and the soil surface, it suppresses a decrease in the rooting ability of vegetation and prevents vegetation in the area between the bags. This improves the coverage rate. Furthermore, according to the vegetation mat of the present invention, when it is laid on soil, the adhesion between the vegetation mat and the soil surface is improved, which improves the effect of reducing the flow velocity of surface rainwater and prevents soil erosion. It can also be effective. Therefore, the vegetation mat of the present invention enables soil greening to be carried out more quickly and effectively.

According to the vegetation mat of the further embodiment (paragraph 0008) of the present invention , in addition to the effects of the above invention, in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each connection part, the length of the surface layer sheet is approximately equal to the length of the bottom layer sheet. By being the same, the surface layer sheet and the bottom layer sheet can be brought into close contact with each other and the connecting portion can be arranged like one sheet. That is, when laying the vegetation mat on the soil, the connecting portion can effectively exhibit its ability to protect the soil as a thicker sheet consisting of the top layer sheet and the bottom layer sheet.

According to the vegetation mat of a further embodiment of the present invention (paragraph 0009) , in addition to the effects of the above invention, the top layer sheet and the bottom layer sheet are made of a net body, thereby reducing the weight of the vegetation mat and improving its handling properties. be able to.

According to the vegetation mat of the further embodiment (paragraph 0010) of the present invention , in addition to the effects of the above invention, the surface layer mat protects the soil surface because the surface layer mat is formed of a thicker material than the bottom layer mat. The bottom layer mat functions to ensure the adhesion of the bag to the soil surface.

According to the vegetation mat of the further embodiment (paragraph 0011) of the present invention , in addition to the effects of the above invention, the seeded sheet is arranged on the back side of the bottom layer sheet, so that greening of the soil surface can be promoted. It is possible.

According to the vegetation mat of the further embodiment (paragraph 0012) of the present invention , in addition to the effects of the above invention, when the vegetation material flows out from the bag, the holding part holds the vegetation material, thereby removing the vegetation material. It becomes possible to keep it inside the long tube part for a longer time.

According to the installation structure of one form (paragraph 0013) of the present invention , the effect of the invention related to the vegetation mat of the above form can be exhibited as an installation structure. That is, in the installation structure of the present invention, the top layer sheet of the vegetation mat is deformed to vertically undulate and the bottom layer sheet follows the surface shape of the soil over the entire plane, so that the back surface of the vegetation mat is is grounded on the soil surface, suppressing a decline in the rooting ability of vegetation, and improving the coverage rate of vegetation in the area between the bags. Furthermore, according to the installation structure of the present invention, the adhesion between the vegetation mat and the soil surface is improved, which improves the effect of reducing the flow velocity of surface rainwater, and can also exhibit the effect of preventing soil erosion. .

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a vegetation mat according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vegetation mat in FIG. 1. (a) Top view and (b) bottom view of the vegetation mat of FIG. 1. AA cross-sectional view of the vegetation mat in FIG. 3. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure immediately after the vegetation mat of FIG. 1 is installed on the soil surface of a slope. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure after time has elapsed from the installation structure shown in FIG. 5; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an installation structure immediately after a conventional vegetation mat of the present invention is installed on the soil surface of a slope. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure after time has elapsed from the installation structure in FIG. 7; (a) Overall photo, (b) Enlarged photo of Example, and (c) Enlarged photo of Comparative Example, of the installed structure immediately after installation in a demonstration test related to the vegetation mat of the present invention. (a) Overall photo, (b) Enlarged photo of Example, and (c) Enlarged photo of Comparative Example, of the installed structure 22 days after installation in a demonstration test related to the vegetation mat of the present invention. (a) Overall photo, (b) Enlarged photo of Example, and (c) Enlarged photo of Comparative Example, of the installed structure 30 days after installation in a demonstration test related to the vegetation mat of the present invention. The schematic diagram of the vegetation mat of the modification of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the shapes in the figures referred to in the following description are conceptual diagrams or schematic diagrams for explaining preferred shapes and dimensions, and the dimensional ratios etc. do not necessarily match the actual dimensional ratios. That is, the present invention is not limited to the dimensional ratios in the drawings.

The vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment is laid on soil to green the soil surface with vegetation. For example, grasses, native plants, etc. may be introduced from seeds, or plants that grow naturally in the surrounding area may be encouraged to invade naturally. The vegetation mat 100 is also intended to improve the landscape of the slope and prevent soil runoff by being laid on the soil surface of the slope. However, the vegetation mat 100 of the present invention may be used on any soil surface other than a slope. Furthermore, "soil" in this specification includes all types of ground such as soft rock and gravelly soil. Furthermore, the term "vegetation material" as used herein refers to materials used for vegetation, including at least one of seeds, fertilizers, soil improvement materials, water retention materials, water repellent materials, soil, growth substrates, and the like.

The vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment is a flexible mat that has a predetermined size and a predetermined thickness in the vertical and horizontal directions so as to be able to cover the soil to be greened, and has a planar shape that extends in the vertical and horizontal directions. Components of the vegetation mat 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a vegetation mat 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vegetation mat 100. FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) are a plan view and a bottom view of the vegetation mat 100. FIG. 4 is an AA cross-sectional view of the vegetation mat 100. In addition, in this specification, when the vegetation mat 100 is laid on a slope, the direction along the slope direction is defined as the "vertical" direction, and the direction along the contour line direction of the slope is defined as the "horizontal" direction. . Furthermore, when the vegetation mat 100 is laid on a slope, the side that is placed on the slope shoulder side (upper or high place side) is defined as the "upper" position, and the side that is placed on the slope side (lower or low place side) side) is defined as the "bottom" position.

The vegetation mat 100 has a surface installed on the opposite side to the soil to be greened with vegetation, and a back surface installed on the soil side. The vegetation mat 100 includes a flexible bottom sheet 101, a flexible top sheet 102 bonded to the front side of the bottom sheet 101, and a flexible bottom sheet 102 bonded to the back side of the bottom sheet 101. A seed-bearing sheet 105 is provided. That is, the vegetation mat 100 has a three-layer structure including a seeded sheet 105, a bottom layer sheet 101, and a surface layer sheet 102 from the back side. The vegetation mat 100 is configured to hold a bag-shaped or cylindrical bag body 110 containing vegetation material between the bottom sheet 101 and the top sheet 102, thereby reliably greening the soil. . In this embodiment, the bag body 110 is a vegetation bag that contains a growth substrate, but it may also be a fertilizer bag that mainly contains fertilizer. 1 to 4 show the vegetation mat 100 holding the bag 110 for convenience of explanation. In this embodiment, the outer bag of the bag body 110 is made of a water-degradable material that has rootability that allows the roots of vegetation to pass through and is decomposed by one to several rainfalls after installation. It was done. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the vegetation mat 100 is elongated in the vertical direction, and can be rolled up and stored (with the bag 110 removed). When laying the vegetation mat 100 on a slope, the vegetation mat 100 is first supported on the shoulder side of the slope, and the vegetation mat 100 is rolled out by rolling the rolled portion toward the slope. 100 can be easily installed on a slope.

The bottom layer sheet 101 extends in a planar shape and is made up of a net (or net-like body) formed by weaving warp and weft yarns approximately orthogonally. The bottom sheet 101 only needs to have enough strength to maintain its shape until the installation of the vegetation mat 100 is completed. Moreover, it is preferable that the bottom layer sheet 101 is as thin as possible in order to improve the adhesion of the bag body 110 to the soil surface or the seed-bearing sheet 105. In this embodiment, the bottom sheet 101 is made of hemp fibers with a diameter of about 1 to 2 mm woven with a mesh of about 5 mm to 20 mm (although this is not intended to limit the invention). The thin hemp net is likely to be decomposed over time after the vegetation mat 100 is installed. Note that the bottom sheet 101 may be formed of a thin resin net instead of a thin linen net. Furthermore, the way the net is knitted is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be arbitrarily changed.

The surface sheet 102 is configured from a net (or net-like body) that extends in a plane and is formed by weaving warp and weft yarns approximately orthogonally. The top sheet 102 is coupled to the bottom sheet 101 by a plurality of fastening members 106 such as staples and C-rings. Note that instead of fastening using the fastening member 106, the surface sheet 102 may be bonded to the bottom sheet 101 using an adhesive. It is preferable that the surface sheet 102 has a sufficient thickness to ensure the strength of the vegetation mat 100 itself and to protect the soil surface. Further, the surface sheet 102 preferably has a texture that does not inhibit the germination of the introduced vegetation. In this embodiment, the top layer sheet 102 is made of coconut fibers having a diameter of about 5 to 10 mm woven with a mesh size of about 10 mm to 30 mm (although this is not intended to limit the present invention), and is thicker than the bottom layer sheet 101. is made of material. Since the thick palm net is more difficult to decompose than the thin hemp net, it is possible to cover the soil for a long time after installing the vegetation mat 100 to protect the soil surface. Note that the surface sheet 102 may be formed of wire mesh, thick linen net, or thick resin net instead of thick coconut net. Furthermore, the way the net is knitted is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be arbitrarily changed.

The seeded sheet 105 is composed of a sheet body extending in a planar manner to which a plurality of seeds are attached. The seeded sheet 105 is bonded to the back surface of the bottom layer sheet 101 by any bonding means (not shown) such as an adhesive. In this embodiment, the seeded sheet 105 is made of paper, woven fabric, or nonwoven fabric. The size and shape of the seeded sheet 105 are approximately the same as the size and shape of the bottom layer sheet 101. Further, the seeded sheet 105 may be formed of a water-disintegratable (water-soluble, water-fragile) sheet. A water-disintegrable sheet is one that can easily lose its shape and strength within a short period of time (one to several times of rain) after being installed, such as by being water-disintegrated or water-soluble due to rainfall. For example, water-disintegrable non-woven fabrics and woven fabrics are made by bonding polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polylactic acid, rayon, cotton, or mixtures thereof with water-soluble adhesives (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA), etc. be.

The vegetation mat 100 also includes a plurality of long cylindrical portions 103 that are provided between the bottom sheet 101 and the surface sheet 102, each extending in the horizontal direction and arranged in the vertical direction, and alternately with the plurality of long cylindrical portions 103. A plurality of connecting parts 104 are arranged in the vertical direction and connect adjacent long cylinder parts 103. A plurality of fastening members 106 are arranged in rows in the horizontal direction, and elongated cylindrical portions 103 and connecting portions 104 are alternately defined in the longitudinal direction between the rows of fastening members 106.

Each long cylindrical portion 103 is formed into a bag shape in which two nets are overlapped. Each long cylindrical portion 103 extends from one end to the other end so that its longitudinal direction parallels the lateral direction of the vegetation mat 100. One or both ends of the longitudinal end of the long cylindrical portion 103 are open, and a cylindrical bag 110 can be inserted into the long cylindrical portion 103. As shown in FIG. 4, in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each long cylindrical portion 103 (a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical portion 103), the length of the surface sheet 102 is greater than the length of the bottom layer sheet 101. . The length of the surface sheet 102 is arbitrarily determined based on the size of the bag 110 so that the surface sheet 102 can accommodate the bag 110 only by deforming itself. On the other hand, in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each connecting portion 104, the length of the top sheet 102 is approximately the same as the length of the bottom sheet 101. Thereby, the connecting portion 104 is arranged like a single sheet by bringing the bottom sheet 101 and the top sheet 102 into close contact with each other. Further, in the connecting portion 104, the bottom sheet 101 and the surface sheet 102 may or may not be attached to each other. In this embodiment, the vertical dimension of the top sheet 102 is about 1.1 to 1.3 times the vertical dimension of the bottom sheet 101.

The difference in length between the surface sheet 102 and the bottom sheet 101 functions as a deformation allowance. In other words, when the bag body 110 is filled into each long cylindrical part 103, the top sheet 102 is deformed so as to expand preferentially toward the surface, while the bottom sheet 101 can maintain its planar shape. . The long cylindrical portion 103 has a cylindrical shape with a substantially semicircular cross section when inflated, and deformation of the bottom sheet 101 due to deformation of the top sheet 102 is suppressed.

In addition, in a cross-sectional view (perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) of the long cylindrical portion 103, the vegetation material inside the bag 110 is held between the lower outer surface of the outer bag of the bag 110 and the inner surface of the long cylindrical portion 103. A holding portion 111 is interposed therebetween. The holding portion 111 is a long piece that extends in the longitudinal direction of the long tube portion 103 or the bag body 110 and has an arc shape or a cup shape in cross section. The holding portion 111 is made of a non-water-disintegrable material, unlike the water-disintegrable outer bag of the bag body 110. The holding portion 111 may be formed of, for example, a hemp sheet, a hessian sheet, a cotton sheet, a dense resin net, or the like. The holding portion 111 functions to prevent the vegetation material from flowing out of the long cylindrical portion 103 and to retain the vegetation material inside the long cylindrical portion 103 for a long period of time after the outer bag of the bag body 110 has decomposed. The holding part 111 may be attached to the outer surface of the outer bag of the bag body 110, or may be attached to the inner surface of the long tube part 103 on the bottom side.

Next, an installation structure 10 in which the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment is laid on the soil surface of a slope G will be described. In order to explain the features of the vegetation mat 100 and the installation structure 10 of this embodiment in comparison with the conventional example, first, the conventional vegetation mat 2 and its installation structure 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. Next, the installation structure 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 7 shows an installation structure 1 immediately after a conventional vegetation mat 2 is installed on the soil surface of a slope G. The conventional vegetation mat 2 is made by simply overlapping a bottom sheet 3 and a top sheet 4 having the same vertical and horizontal dimensions and fastening them with a fastening member 9. Further, a seed-bearing sheet 7 is provided on the back surface of the bottom layer sheet 3. A long cylindrical portion 5 for accommodating the bag 8 is formed between the bottom sheet 3 and the top sheet 4. Adjacent respective long cylindrical parts 5 are connected by a connecting part 6. When each long cylindrical part 5 is filled with the bag 8, both the bottom layer sheet 3 and the surface layer sheet 4 of each long cylindrical part 5 are deformed so as to swell. Then, both the bottom sheet 3 and the top sheet 4 are raised in a wavy manner throughout the lengthwise direction. As a result, in the installation structure 1, as shown in FIG. 7, only the most bulging portion of each long cylinder portion 5 comes into contact with the soil surface, and other portions such as the connecting portion 6 rise from the soil surface. . In this way, if a gap exists between the vegetation mat 2 and the soil surface, runoff such as rainwater will flow over the soil surface, and the flow velocity will not be reduced sufficiently, making it difficult to suppress soil erosion and seed runoff. Can not. Moreover, if the net-shaped vegetation mat 2 floats above the soil surface, there is a possibility that the vegetation that has grown out of the soil will become entangled in the net, thereby inhibiting its growth. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the vegetation P tends to grow thickly in the long cylindrical part 5 that holds the bag body 8, but the vegetation P grows in areas other than the long cylindrical part 5 (especially the connecting part 6). It is unavoidable that the coverage rate will be low. That is, it is known that in the conventional vegetation mat 2, the covering effect of the vegetation P is not sufficiently exhibited as a whole of the mat.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure 10 immediately after the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment is installed on the soil surface of the slope G. In the installation structure 10 shown in FIG. 5, one or more vegetation mats 100 are fixed to the soil surface of the slope G with anchors or the like (not shown). In the installation structure 10, the vegetation mat 100 is installed on the slope G such that the vertical direction of the vegetation mat 100 is along the slope direction of the slope G, and the horizontal direction is along the contour line direction of the slope G. That is, the plurality of long cylindrical portions 103 are arranged in parallel in the inclined direction. Each long cylindrical portion 103 accommodates a bag 110 containing seeds of vegetation and vegetation material. Regarding the installation method, the installation structure 10 can be constructed by laying the vegetation mat 100 that holds the bag body 110 in the long tube part 103 on the slope G in advance and fixing it with anchors or the like. Alternatively, the installation structure 10 can be constructed by laying the vegetation mat 100 on the slope G, fixing it with anchors, etc., and filling each long cylinder part 103 with the bags 110.

As shown in FIG. 5, each long cylindrical portion 103 of the vegetation mat 100 accommodates a bag 110 and is inflated. In the long cylindrical portion 103, the bottom layer sheet 101 extends substantially straight (along the soil surface), and the surface layer sheet 102 swells in an arc shape. Further, in the connecting portion 104, the bottom sheet 101 and the top sheet 102 extend substantially straight (along the soil surface). In other words, the connecting portion 104 is not subjected to tension due to the deformation of the long cylindrical portion 103. That is, the top layer sheet 102 of the vegetation mat 100 is deformed so as to be vertically undulating, and the bottom layer sheet 101 conforms to the surface shape of the soil over the entire plane. In the entire vegetation mat 100, the back surfaces of the bottom layer sheet 101 and the seed-bearing sheet 105 are in close contact with the soil surface of the slope G with almost no gaps, thereby protecting the soil surface. Furthermore, since the bottom layer sheet 101 hardly floats above the soil surface, vegetation extending out from the soil is not entangled in the mesh. That is, in the installation structure 10 of the present embodiment, the adhesion of the vegetation mat 100 to the soil surface is ensured, thereby promoting the establishment of vegetation and reducing the flow rate of water flowing on the soil surface due to rainwater, etc. Ru. As a result, the effect of preventing soil erosion and seed runoff is exhibited.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure 10 after aging from the installation structure 10 of FIG. In this embodiment, since the outer bag of the bag body 110 and the seed-bearing sheet 105 are formed of water-disintegratable sheets, they disappear due to rainfall over time. On the other hand, a non-water-disintegrable holding part 111 located below the bag body 110 remains and holds the vegetation material so as to suppress outflow of the vegetation material. In the installed structure 10 after the passage of time, the entire back surface of the vegetation mat 100 is in close contact with the soil surface, so that the vegetation P grows thickly over the entire vegetation mat 100, as shown in FIG. That is, the installation structure 10 of the present embodiment effectively greens the slope G over the entire long cylindrical portion 103 and connecting portion 104 of the vegetation mat 100.

The inventors conducted a demonstration test to confirm the effects of the above-mentioned vegetation mat of the present invention. The demonstration test was carried out by attempting soil greening on slopes with plants and observing the results over time on a site where access from outside was prohibited. The vegetation mat of the example had the same configuration as the vegetation mat 100 of the above embodiment. The vegetation mat of the comparative example has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the conventional vegetation mat explained in FIG. A seed-bearing sheet similar to the example was placed on the back side. In addition, the bottom layer sheet and surface layer sheet of the vegetation mat in the comparative example are made by combining two resin nets, and the mesh on the lower side of the long cylinder part is finer than the mesh on the upper side. . The close mesh on the lower side of the long tube portion functions to hold the vegetation material, similar to the holding portion 111 of the above embodiment.

FIGS. 9(a) to 9(c) are an overall photograph of the installed structure immediately after installation, an enlarged photograph of an example, and an enlarged photograph of a comparative example in a demonstration test regarding the vegetation mat of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9(a), the vegetation mat of the example and the vegetation mat of the comparative example were placed adjacent to each other on a slope in order to bring the comparison conditions as close as possible. The left side of FIG. 9(a) shows an example, and the right side shows a comparative example. After 22 and 30 days from the installation structure shown in FIG. 9, the coverage rate of vegetation was visually observed, and the number of growing plants (plants/square meter) and average plant height (cm) at the joint were measured. The connecting portions are illustrated as areas surrounded by thick lines, and various data were collected at multiple connecting portions. Note that although the texture and materials of the bottom sheet and the surface sheet are different between the example and the comparative example, it is thought that this does not have a large effect on the growth of vegetation.

FIGS. 10(a) to (c) are photographs of the entire installed structure 22 days after installation, an enlarged photograph of the example, and an enlarged photograph of the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 10(b), in the example, the outer bag and the seed-bearing sheet of the bag were disintegrated over time, and the vegetation material inside was exposed in the long cylindrical part. On the other hand, the holding part is located on the foot of the slope inside the long cylindrical part and holds the vegetation material. In the example, the bare ground can be seen at the joints, but about 60% of the soil is covered with vegetation. As shown in FIG. 10(c), in the comparative example, the outer bag and the seed-bearing sheet of the bag collapsed over time, and the vegetation material inside was exposed in the long cylindrical part. On the other hand, the dense part on the lower side of the long cylindrical part holds the vegetation material from the foot of the slope. In the comparative example, a large amount of bare skin can be seen at the joints, and only about 20% of the soil is covered with vegetation. According to FIG. 10, it can be seen that in the installed structure 22 days after installation, the Example shows a higher coverage rate than the Comparative Example.

FIGS. 11(a) to (c) are photographs of the entire installed structure 30 days after installation, an enlarged photograph of the example, and an enlarged photograph of the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 11, in the example, there is almost no exposed ground at the connecting portion, and almost 100% of the soil is covered with vegetation. In the comparative example, the exposed surface of the ground can be seen at the joints, and only about 50% of the soil has been covered with vegetation. According to FIG. 11, it can be seen that in the installed structure 30 days after installation, the Example shows a higher coverage rate than the Comparative Example.

That is, the vegetation mat of the example exhibits a higher coverage rate with vegetation at the connecting portions than the vegetation mat of the comparative example. Moreover, it can be visually confirmed that the vegetation grows densely and the plant height is larger in the example than in the comparative example.

The table below shows the observation results of the number of plants grown and average plant height at the joints of the vegetation mats. Observations were made by arbitrarily selecting a plurality of connecting parts for the Examples and Comparative Examples, counting the number of plants per unit area, and measuring the plant height of each plant. According to the measurement results, the number of plants grown and the average plant height of the vegetation mat of the example are approximately twice those of the vegetation mat of the comparative example. The vegetation mat of the example shows good results in terms of density and growth of vegetation approximately one month after installation. In other words, this test showed that by introducing the vegetation mat of the present invention, it was possible to green the slope more quickly than before, and the coverage rate of vegetation in the area between the bags was significantly improved. has been proven.

Hereinafter, the effects of the vegetation mat 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

According to the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment, in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each long cylindrical portion 103, the length of the surface layer sheet 102 is greater than the length of the bottom layer sheet 101. When the bag body 110 is filled, the top sheet 102 is preferentially deformed to inflate the long cylindrical portion 103, thereby effectively suppressing the deformation of the bottom sheet 101. When the vegetation mat 100 is laid on the soil and the long cylindrical part 103 is filled with the bag 110, only the surface sheet 102 of the long cylindrical part 103 is deformed independently from the bottom sheet 101, and the bottom sheet 101 is moved to the soil surface. It becomes possible to lay the vegetation mat 100 so that the back surface of the vegetation mat 100 does not rise above the soil surface. In addition, in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each connecting portion 104, the length of the surface sheet 102 is approximately the same as the length of the bottom sheet 101, so that the surface sheet 102 and the bottom sheet 101 are brought into close contact with each other to form a single sheet. The connecting portions 104 can be arranged like a sheet. When the vegetation mat 100 is laid on the soil, the connecting portion 104 can effectively exhibit its ability to protect the soil as a thicker sheet consisting of the top layer sheet 102 and the bottom layer sheet 101. That is, when the vegetation mat 100 of the present embodiment is laid on soil, by reducing the gap between the vegetation mat 100 and the soil surface, it suppresses a decrease in the rooting ability of the vegetation P, and reduces the gap between the bags 110. The coverage rate of vegetation P in the area is improved. Furthermore, according to the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment, when it is laid on soil, the adhesion between the vegetation mat 100 and the soil surface is improved, which improves the effect of reducing the flow velocity of surface rainwater, and improves the flow rate of surface rainwater. It can also be effective in preventing erosion and preventing seeds from flowing out. Therefore, the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment makes it possible to green the soil on the slope G more quickly and effectively.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can take various embodiments and modifications. Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In each drawing, components with common reference numbers have the same or similar features unless otherwise specified.

(1) The structure of the vegetation mat of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a vegetation mat 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The vegetation mat 200 includes a flexible bottom sheet 201 and a flexible top sheet 202 bonded to the surface side of the bottom sheet 201. A plurality of long cylindrical portions 203 are provided between the bottom sheet 201 and the top sheet 202, each extending in the horizontal direction and arranged in the vertical direction. In a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each elongated cylindrical portion 203, the surface sheet 202 is larger than the length of the bottom layer sheet 201. Moreover, the vegetation mat 200 is provided with a plurality of connecting parts 204 that are alternately arranged in the vertical direction with the plurality of long cylinder parts 203 and connect the adjacent long cylinder parts 203. In a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each connecting portion 204, the length of the top layer sheet 202 is approximately the same as the length of the bottom layer sheet 201.

In the vegetation mat 200 of another embodiment, the bottom sheet 201 and the top sheet 202 are formed of a resin net having a different form from that of the vegetation mat 100 of one embodiment. Specifically, the long cylindrical portion 203 is formed by combining a coarse portion 203a with a coarse mesh and a dense portion 203b with a fine mesh. Note that the coarse portion 203a and the dense portion 203b are defined as regions in which the size of the meshes in both the vertical and horizontal directions or either of them is relatively different. The rough portion 203a is formed biased toward one end in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical portion 203 in a plan view of the vegetation mat 100. In particular, the coarse portion 203a occupies approximately the upper half of the mat plane in the vertical direction, and the dense portion 203b occupies the remaining approximately lower half. As a result, when the vegetation mat 100 is laid on a slope, the rough part 203a that occupies a part of the outer periphery of the long cylindrical part 203 is located above the vegetation mat 200, and occupies the rest of the outer periphery of the long cylindrical part 203. The dense portion 203b is located on the lower side. In this embodiment, the size of the mesh of the coarse portion 203a is approximately 20 mm x 12.5 mm, and the size of the mesh of the dense portion 203b is approximately 3 mm x 12.5 mm. The invention is not limited to particular dimensions.

When the vegetation mat 200 is installed on a slope, the bag body 210 is held by the dense portion 203b on the lower half of the long tube portion 203, so that the outer bag of the bag body 210 does not dissolve in water and disappear. However, the vegetation material in the contents remains retained. In other words, the dense portion 203b on the lower half formed with a fine mesh receives the vegetation material so as not to flow out from the slope. On the other hand, since the mesh on the shoulder side of the slope is coarse, the germination and growth of the vegetation P will not be hindered by the net. That is, the vegetation mat of the present invention can be used in combination with other technical configurations to achieve further effects.

(2) In the above embodiment, the bottom layer sheet was made of hemp net, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the bottom sheet only needs to be able to maintain its shape at least until installation is completed, and may be formed from a water-disintegrable or water-soluble material.

(3) Although the vegetation mat of the above embodiment is formed of a layer of a net body including a long cylindrical portion, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, at least one of the bottom sheet and the top sheet may be made of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric sheet.

(4) Although the vegetation mat of the above embodiment includes a seeded sheet on the back side of the bottom layer sheet, the seeded sheet may be omitted in the present invention. Further, the seeded sheet may be laid directly on a soil surface such as a slope instead of a vegetation mat.

(5) In the vegetation mat illustrated in the above embodiment, the top sheet and the bottom sheet are depicted as overlapping each other at the connecting portion, but the present invention is not limited to this form. For example, if the surface sheet is made of a relatively hard material such as wire mesh, when installed on soil, the surface sheet may not deform sufficiently to follow the shape of the soil and may lift up from the bottom sheet. . The present invention includes such a form within its technical scope. That is, in the present invention, the top sheet and the bottom sheet may be formed separately at the connecting portion.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the plurality of embodiments described above, and can be implemented in various forms as long as they fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

10 Installation structure 100 Vegetation mat 101 Bottom layer sheet 102 Surface layer sheet 103 Long tube section 104 Connecting section 105 Seed sheet 106 Fastening member 110 Bag body 111 Holding section P Vegetation plant G Slope

Claims (7)

A vegetation mat laid in the soil and extending vertically and horizontally,
a flexible bottom sheet;
a flexible surface sheet bonded to the surface side of the bottom sheet;
A plurality of long cylindrical parts each extending in the horizontal direction and arranged in the vertical direction, each of which is provided between the bottom sheet and the top sheet to fill a bag-shaped or cylindrical bag containing vegetation material; ,
a plurality of connecting parts that are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction with the plurality of long cylinder parts and connect adjacent long cylinder parts;
a holding part interposed between the outer surface of the bag body and the inner surface of the elongated cylindrical part so as to hold the vegetation material flowing out from the bag body,
In a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each of the long cylindrical parts, the surface sheet A vegetation mat characterized in that the length of is greater than the length of the bottom layer sheet. The vegetation mat according to claim 1, wherein the length of the top layer sheet is approximately the same as the length of the bottom layer sheet in a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of each of the connecting portions. The vegetation mat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top layer sheet and the bottom layer sheet are net bodies. The vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the top sheet is made of a thicker material than the bottom sheet. The vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a seeded sheet disposed on the back side of the bottom layer sheet. A vegetation mat laid in the soil and extending vertically and horizontally,
a flexible bottom sheet;
a flexible surface sheet bonded to the surface side of the bottom sheet;
A plurality of long cylindrical parts each extending in the horizontal direction and arranged in the vertical direction, each of which is provided between the bottom sheet and the top sheet to fill a bag-shaped or cylindrical bag containing vegetation material; ,
a plurality of connecting parts that are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction with the plurality of long cylinder parts and connect adjacent long cylinder parts;
A vegetation mat comprising : a holding part interposed between the outer surface of the bag body and the inner surface of the elongated cylindrical part so as to hold the vegetation material flowing out from the bag body. The vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , which is laid in soil;
a plurality of bags accommodated in each long cylinder part of the vegetation mat,
An installation structure characterized in that the surface layer sheet of the vegetation mat is deformed in a longitudinally undulating manner, and the bottom layer sheet follows the surface shape of the soil over the entire plane.

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