JP2010187656A - 糖化液の製造方法 - Google Patents
糖化液の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010187656A JP2010187656A JP2009133481A JP2009133481A JP2010187656A JP 2010187656 A JP2010187656 A JP 2010187656A JP 2009133481 A JP2009133481 A JP 2009133481A JP 2009133481 A JP2009133481 A JP 2009133481A JP 2010187656 A JP2010187656 A JP 2010187656A
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- Prior art keywords
- seaweed biomass
- saccharification
- biomass
- seaweed
- cutting
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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Abstract
【手段】本発明の糖化液の製造方法は、海藻類バイオマスを脱水して、該海藻類バイオマスの含水率を10〜70%とする脱水工程;脱水工程で得られた海藻類バイオマスを切断する切断工程;及び、切断工程で得られた海藻類バイオマスを、加水分解触媒及び/又は加水分解酵素を用いて加水分解して、単糖を含む糖化液を得る糖化工程;を含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1に、本発明の一実施形態に係る糖化液の製造方法の工程を表すフローチャートを示す。図1によると、本形態に係る糖化液の製造方法は、下記の工程を含む。
次に、本発明の他の形態に係るバイオ燃料の製造方法について説明する。該バイオ燃料の製造方法は、上記糖化液の製造方法で得られた糖化液中に含まれる単糖を、微生物を用いて発酵させる。
次に、本発明の他の形態に係る海藻類バイオマスの前処理及び糖化装置について説明する。図2は、本発明の一実施形態に係る海藻類バイオマスの前処理/糖化装置を表す模式的図である。
テングサ(天草)を脱水することによって、含水率50%のテングサを得た。そして、図2に示される切断装置200を用いて、該テングサを1×1cmに切断した。そして、図2に示される糖化装置300に切断したテングサ5g(含水率50%の状態)、及び固体酸であるSO3 0.1gを入れた。そして、糖化装置の反応器に121℃の蒸気を30分間注入しながら、反応させることにより加水分解を行った。その後、反応混合物を室温まで冷却することによって糖化液を得た。
テングサを40℃の熱風乾燥機を用いて、24時間かけて完全に乾燥し、含水率を0%とした。これを粉砕機を用いて粉砕し、テングサ粉末を得た。そして、反応器にテングサ粉末5g、及び1%硫酸水溶液200ml(テングサ粉末:硫酸水溶液=1:40(質量:体積比))を入れ、121℃で30分間反応させた後、室温まで冷却することによって糖化液を得た。
実施例1及び比較例1で得た糖化液から溶液を分離した後、ジニトロサリチル酸(DNS)法を利用して還元糖を分析した。即ち、紫外可視分光度計(UV−Vis Spectrophotometer)を用いて、DNSが還元されて発色した程度を吸光度として測定して、還元糖の量を定量する。その後、下記の式(1)により糖化反応液中の糖濃度を計算し、その結果を下記の表1に表した。
110 輸送管、
111、112 流入口、
113、114 流出口、
120 注入口、
130 スクリュー、
140 吐出口、
200 切断装置、
300 糖化装置、
310 海藻類バイオマス、
320 加水分解触媒及び/又は加水分解酵素
400 蒸気発生装置
S1 海藻類バイオマスの採取、
S2 脱水工程、
S3 切断工程、
S4 糖化工程。
Claims (18)
- 海藻類バイオマスを脱水して、該海藻類バイオマスの含水率を10〜70%とする脱水工程;
前記脱水工程で得られた海藻類バイオマスを切断する切断工程;及び、
前記切断工程で得られた海藻類バイオマスを、加水分解触媒及び/又は加水分解酵素を用いて加水分解して、単糖を含む糖化液を得る糖化工程;を含む、糖化液の製造方法。 - 前記脱水工程において、海藻類バイオマスの含水率を20〜60%とする、請求項1に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記脱水工程は、軸回転により海藻類バイオマスに輸送駆動力を与えるスクリューを有する脱水装置を用いて行われ、
前記脱水工程において、海藻類バイオマスを15〜35℃で、0.5〜100分間乾燥する、請求項1又は2に記載の糖化液の製造方法。 - 前記脱水工程を行う前に、海藻類バイオマスを海水及び淡水を用いて順次洗浄する洗浄工程をさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記洗浄工程及び前記脱水工程は、軸回転により海藻類バイオマスに輸送駆動力を与えるスクリューを有する脱水装置内で順次行われる、請求項4に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記単糖は、グルコース、ガラクトース、ガラクトース誘導体、3,6−アンヒドロガラクトース、フコース、ラムノース、キシロース、グルクロン酸、アラビノース、及びマンノースからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記加水分解触媒は、固体酸である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸は、無水硫酸(SO3)、スルファミン酸(H3N+SO3 −)、クエン酸、コハク酸、マレイン酸、及びフタル酸からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項7に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸は、バイオマスの全質量に対して、0.5〜10質量%となるように添加される、請求項7又は8に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記糖化工程において、前記加水分解が加水分解触媒を用いて行われる場合、加水分解の反応温度は80〜200℃であり、反応圧力は1〜10barであり、反応時間は0.5〜5時間である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 前記糖化工程において、前記加水分解が加水分解触媒を用いて行われる場合、該加水分解の反応が蒸気存在下で行われ、該蒸気の温度は100〜250℃である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の糖化液の製造方法で得られた糖化液中に含まれる単糖を、微生物を用いて発酵させる、バイオ燃料の製造方法。
- 前記バイオ燃料は、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、ブタノール、アセトン、エチレン、プロピレン、及び脂肪酸メチルエステルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項12に記載のバイオ燃料の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、クレブシエラ・オキシトカ(Klebsiella oxytoca)、ブレタノマイセス・カスターシイ(Brettanomyces curstersii)、サッカロマイセス・ウブズルン(Saccharomyces uvzrun)、カンジダ・ブラシカエ(Candida brassicae)、サルシナ・ベントリクリ(Sarcina ventriculi)、ザイモモナス・モビリス(Zymomonas mobilis)、クルイベロマイセス・マルキシアヌス(Kluyveromyces marxianus)、クロストリジウム・アセトブチリクム(Clostridium acetobutylicum)、クロストリジウム・ベイエリンキイ(Clostridium beijerinckii)、クリュイベロマイセス・フラギリス(Kluyveromyces fragilis)、クロストリジウム・アウランチブチリカム(Clostriduim aurantibutylicum)、及びクロストリジウム・テタノモーファム(Clostridium tetanomorphum)からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項12又は13に記載のバイオ燃料の製造方法。
- 海藻類バイオマスの輸送通路として中空部を有する輸送管と、
前記輸送管の一方の端部に配置されてなる、海藻類バイオマスを投入するための注入口と、
前記輸送管の中空部に配置されてなり、軸回転により海藻類バイオマスに輸送駆動力を与えるスクリューと、
前記輸送管の他方の端部に配置されてなり、海藻類バイオマスを排出するための吐出口と、を含む脱水装置;
前記脱水装置の吐出口側の端部に連結されてなり、海藻類バイオマスを切断するための切断機を含む切断装置;
前記切断装置に連結されてなり、切断された海藻類バイオマスを加水分解するための反応器を備えた糖化装置;及び、
前記糖化装置に連結されてなり、蒸気を糖化装置に供給するための蒸気発生装置;を含む海藻類バイオマスの前処理及び糖化装置。 - 前記脱水装置に接続されてなる輸送管は、それぞれ1以上の流入口及び流出口が形成されてなる、請求項15に記載の海藻類バイオマスの前処理及び糖化装置。
- 前記脱水装置は、輸送管から注入口側の内径が吐出口側の内径より大きい、請求項15又は16に記載の海藻類バイオマスの前処理及び糖化装置。
- 前記注入口側の内径:吐出口側の内径が1.5:1〜20:1である、請求項17に記載の海藻類バイオマスの前処理及び糖化装置。
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JP2008054691A (ja) * | 1996-03-28 | 2008-03-13 | Dsm Anti-Infectives Bv | 顆粒状微生物バイオマスの製造法とそのバイオマスからの貴重化合物の単離法 |
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JP2006204264A (ja) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-10 | Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc | マリンバイオマスを用いた大規模co2削減システム |
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JP2010518850A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2010-06-03 | コリア インスティチュート オブ インダストリアル テクノロジー | 海藻類を利用したバイオ燃料の製造方法 |
JP2008297531A (ja) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-12-11 | Yoshishige Katori | バイオ燃料製造方法及びその装置 |
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JP2015096263A (ja) * | 2008-11-17 | 2015-05-21 | キシレコ インコーポレイテッド | バイオマスの加工方法 |
JP2013542746A (ja) * | 2010-11-21 | 2013-11-28 | アンドリッツ インコーポレーテッド | リグノセルロース材を酵素と混合する方法および装置 |
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KR20100093253A (ko) | 2010-08-25 |
US8476046B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
KR101569013B1 (ko) | 2015-11-16 |
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