JP2010174464A - Method of overhauling tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of overhauling a tunnel boring machine capable of reducing construction period and construction cost by eliminating a working pile construction which was required in a conventional overhauling method. <P>SOLUTION: The tunnel boring machine 10 which has completed boring to a main pit arrival point in a rock is advanced for excavation from the arrival point forward to provide a gradually enlarged portion 2. Next, the upper half sliding portion area of a pile to be demolished which is arranged continuously with the gradually enlarged portion 2 is excavated by advancing the machine, and the gradually enlarged portion 2 and the upper half sliding portion of the pit 1 to be demolished are cut open from a timbering portion constructed after the advancement of the tunnel boring machine 10. An operation for advancing for excavation the tunneling boring machine 10 by one excavation length which is equal to the interval of construction of the upper half timbering and an excavating operation for constructing the upper half timbering by excavating the upper half portion of the pit 1 to be demolished within the range of one excavation length in the rear of the excavating operation are repeated over the generally entire length of the pit 1 to be demolished. The lower half portion between the lower half outside portion of the pit 1 to be demolished in which the upper half timbering is constructed and the timbering portion provided by the advancement for excavation of the tunnel boring machine 10 is excavated, and the timbering at the upper half portion of the cross section of the pit to be demolished is supported. After the pit 1 to be demolished has been excavated over the entire cross section, the tunnel boring machine 10 is disassembled and removed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator dismantling method, and in particular, a tunnel excavator capable of shortening the process and reducing the construction cost by dismantling the tunnel boring machine at the arrival point in the rock in a short construction period. It relates to the dismantling method.

  In mountain tunnels, various rational mountain tunnel construction methods have been developed to excavate in bedrock. In recent years, tunnel boring machines (hereinafter referred to as TBM), which have a powerful excavation mechanism and capable of high-speed excavation, are also used for advanced tunnels, evacuation shafts, waterway tunnels, etc. Has been applied to.

  The TBM is assembled in the assembly yard on the starting point side, and then, after the mine opening, full-scale tunnel excavation is performed from the point where the propulsion reaction force can be secured, and a work yard for dismantling is provided on the end point side. However, when the end point is a steep cliff, for example, a work yard cannot be provided. In addition, when the TBM arrival point is an intermediate position of the total length of the tunnel, the work zone boundary may be within a natural ground (rock). In these cases, it is necessary to dismantle the TBM in the tunnel mine.

  By the way, as a method for dismantling the tunnel excavator, as shown in Patent Document 1, a shield excavator that has reached the reaching shaft is disassembled into large members, and each member is installed on the ground portion of the reaching shaft. In many cases, a method of suspending to the ground using a lifting machine such as the above is used.

  The dismantling method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a very effective method in the case of a tunnel excavator such as a shield machine in a city tunnel with a small earth covering, but in a mountain tunnel excavated with TBM or the like, Excavation of shafts for carrying out equipment is often difficult due to the large earth cover, and the TBM is composed of heavy members that have greater rigidity than the shield excavator, so it can be easily dismantled from inside the excavator during disassembly. Can not.

  For this reason, when it is necessary to dismantle the TBM in the mine, it is necessary to secure a sufficient working space for the TBM dismantling in the tunnel and perform the dismantling work from inside and outside the TBM. For example, conventionally, in order to dismantle a TBM having a scale of about φ5 m, it has a length (for example, about 25 m) including the TBM main body equipment on the traveling direction side of the arrival point, and 1-2 m on the outer periphery of the TBM. In many cases, a demolition pit having a cross-section with a certain working space is excavated, TBM is dismantled in the demolition mine, and the demolition member is carried out of the tunnel.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view (plan view, cross-sectional view) showing an example of a dismantling method for excavating a conventional TBM dismantling mine and performing TBM dismantling. The plan view of FIG. 3 includes a main shaft 10 that has been excavated by the TBM 10, a TBM 10 that has stopped at the arrival point of the main shaft 50, a demolition shaft 55 of the TBM 10 that has been excavated deep inside the arrival point face, A work mine 51 (a detour mine) for excavating 55 is shown. The figure also shows the tunnel cross-sectional shape (excavation stages S1 to S6 (cross-sectional view)) at each excavation stage.

Hereinafter, a TBM dismantling method performed by excavating the dismantling mine described above will be described with reference to a plan view, a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, and a flowchart of FIG. 4.
The TBM 10 shown in FIG. 3 has a shell outer diameter of φ5 m, for example, and a circular support (not shown) is built in the main mine 50 that has been excavated by the TBM 10. As shown in the figure, the TBM 10 stops at the arrival point, and the main body equipment and the subsequent equipment such as the earthing device and the support assembly mechanism are removed (FIG. 4: S510, 520). From this state, the working mine (bypass mine) is excavated in a direction that branches obliquely from the main mine shaft 50 behind the stop position of the TBM 10 (see cross section S1, FIG. 4: S530). This work mine 51 is excavated by a conventional tunnel method, and is excavated in parallel with the main mine 50 in a state where the main mine 50 and a predetermined support are not adversely affected. Then, after reaching the end of the main shaft 50 reaching the TBM 10, the entire length of the demolition shaft 55 is excavated along the axis of the main shaft 50. At that time, the work pit 54 with an ascending slope in which the bottom height rises by about 2 m with a predetermined excavation amount is provided so that it can be rubbed to the enlarged cross section 53 between the position of the cross section S4 and the cross section S5. Then, the upper half excavation of the gradually expanding part 56 for rubbing the upper half of the work mine 54 to the upper half of the dismantling mine 55 is performed (sections S5 to S6, FIG. 4: S540). Thereafter, the upper half excavation (sections S5 to S6, FIG. 4: S541) of the dismantling mine 55 is advanced toward the back, and the upper half of the work pit 54 up to the section S4 is widened to the section of the dismantling pit 55. Thereafter, the lower half of the demolition mine 55 below the bottom of the work mine 54 is excavated, and finally the demolition mine 55 is completed between the position S3 and the face 57 in the plan view of FIG. 3 (FIG. 4: S542). 543). Thereafter, the front rock 58 of the TBM 10 that has been about 1 m thick and self-supported in a wall shape is removed, and the cutter head of the TBM 10 is exposed to the demolition mine 55 side (FIG. 4: S550). In parallel, various temporary facilities for dismantling work of the TBM 10 are carried and installed in the dismantling mine 55 via the working mine 51 (FIG. 4: S560). Then, the TBM 10 is drawn on a work platform (not shown) in the dismantling mine 55, the TBM 10 is disassembled for each member of a size that can be carried out, and carried out through the main mine 50 to the outside of the mine (FIG. 4: S570).

JP 2002-188391 A

  The above-described demolition pit 55 is constructed by excavating a work pit 51 that detours along the main pit 50 by human labor using a small construction machine, and further widening it in the rock before the arrival point of the TBM 10. The TBM demolition pit with a large cross section as a demolition space must be excavated. If a TBM dismantling mine is constructed and the TBM dismantling is carried out according to the procedure described above, in the case of a TBM of the above-mentioned scale, it takes about 4.5 months for the work period from the arrival of the TBM to the dismantling / unloading of the TBM. . Since this process (period) does not contribute to the progress of this work, there is a strong demand for shortening the work period and reducing the work cost of the work related to the TBM dismantling work.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rational method for dismantling a tunnel excavator that solves the problems of the conventional techniques described above, and that can shorten the construction period and the construction cost. .

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is directed to a tunnel boring machine that has been dug up to a main shaft reaching point in a rock, from the reaching point toward the front, and a cross section and a length required for dismantling the tunnel boring machine. A gradually expanded part range for rubbed to the upper half of the demolition pit scheduled to be excavated, and a range of the upper half rubbed part of the demolition pit connected to the gradually expanded part, and built after excavation of the tunnel boring machine A demolition pit rubbing portion excavating step of excavating and expanding the gradually expanding portion and the demolition pit upper half rubbed portion from the supported support portion, and the tunnel boring machine is equal to the erection interval of the upper half support construction 1 The excavation for the excavation length, and the excavation of the upper half of the demolition pit cross-section in the range corresponding to the excavation length behind the excavation length section. The dismantling mine excavation / upper half excavation process is repeated until the entire length of the dismantling mine is reached, and the lower half outline of the dismantling mine in which the upper half support work is built and the tunnel boring machine is excavated. A demolition pit half excavation step of excavating a lower half portion between the support portion and a lower half support work supporting the upper half support portion of the demolition pit cross section, and an entire cross section of the demolition pit And a step of dismantling and removing the tunnel boring machine after completion of excavation.

  Moreover, it is preferable to have the process of removing a part of equipment of the said tunnel boring machine according to the work progress of the said demolition mine advance / upper half excavation process and the demolition pit lower half excavation process.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to have a step of excavating between the front surface of the tunnel boring machine and the face of the demolition pit after the demolition mine excavation and upper half excavation step.

  In addition, it is preferable to have a step of providing temporary equipment for dismantling and removing the tunnel boring machine in the dismantling mine after the completion of the work of the semi-digging process of the dismantling mine.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost by excavating the TBM dismantling mine which has been excavated by using the TBM excavation part. There is an effect that can be done.

The schematic explanatory drawing which showed the construction procedure and construction state of one Example of the dismantling method of the tunnel machine of this invention. The flowchart which showed the construction procedure of the dismantling method shown in FIG. The schematic explanatory drawing which showed one construction example of the dismantling method of the conventional tunnel machine. The flowchart which showed the construction procedure of the dismantling method shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, as the best mode for carrying out the present invention, the following embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Fig. 1 (a) shows excavation of the main mine with the TBM 10 up to the arrival point, and further shows the start of excavation of the TBM 10 for the TBM dismantling mine. Fig. 1 (b) shows the entire structure constructed by excavation of the TBM 10 and manual excavation. FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the TBM dismantling mine showing the order of widening excavation of the TBM dismantling mine. In the drawing, the TBM 10 is simply illustrated by an outline diagram.

  Hereinafter, the widening excavation sequence of a series of TBM dismantling pits from FIG. 1A to FIG. 1B will be described with reference to each drawing of FIG. 1 and the construction sequence flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 1 (a), each main shaft 50 is dug up to the reaching point by a TBM 10 having an outer diameter of φ5 m, and a gradually expanding portion for a TBM dismantling mine is dug. The level of the excavation stage and the excavation sequence are shown. In the same figure, after reaching the gradual expansion part 2 and the widened cross-section of about 4.5m from the arrival point of the TBM 10, the support assembly for one excavation length is secured and the influence of the cross-section widening of the TBM demolition pit is shown. The TBM 10 main body is dug inward to the extent that it is not received, and the support work on the rear side of the enlarged diameter cross section 1 is shown. As the excavation procedure shown in FIG. 1 (a), first, a TBM excavation of a gradually expanded portion (about 4.5 m in length) corresponding to the entrance portion of the TBM dismantling mine is performed, and the upper rock in the range is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper half of the gradual expansion portion 2 is excavated so that the cross section is gradually expanded by manual excavation and rubbed onto the upper half of the dismantling mine 1 (FIG. 2: S110, 120). In the range of 4.5 m, as the excavation progresses, the upper half arch support 3 is built at intervals of 1.5 m to stabilize the excavation space of the gradually expanding portion 2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the excavation of the TBM 10 is advanced by one excavation length, and the upper half excavation (FIG. 1 (c)) is performed continuously from the rear. This upper half excavation includes an upper half first excavation step of excavating a fan shape between the arch center portion 4a of the upper half 4 of the demolition pit 1 and the circular support 15 built when the TBM 10 is excavated, and below This is divided into the upper half second excavation step of excavating the step 4c between the upper half plate 4b and the upper half plate 4b.

  Thereafter, of the total length of the TBM demolition pit 1 shown in FIG. 1B, the upper half excavation of the TBM excavation part is the progress of one excavation length of the TBM 10, the upper half first excavation step, and the upper half second excavation step. The excavation method is based on one advance length of the TBM 10 with the upper half excavation and the construction of the support work 3 as one cycle (FIG. 2: S130, 140). This upper half excavation work can be carried out by using a work floor 11 provided at the rear part of the TBM 10 main body, and excavation slips can be carried out through the main mine 50 by using a carrying equipment 12 such as a belt conveyor as a subsequent equipment of the TBM 10. Can be carried out of the mine.

  When the upper half excavation of the TBM excavation part of the entire TBM dismantling mine 1 shown in FIG. 1B is completed, the upper half mirror excavation 4e in front of the cutter head 10a (in this embodiment, the cutter head front face 10 and the face 5 The distance between the two is about 2 m) (FIG. 2: S150). The face 5 after excavation is preferably protected by faced concrete, supporting work, mirror retaining bolts, etc. to prevent collapsing.

  Following the completion of excavation by the TBM 10 out of the total length of the TBM dismantling mine 1, the subsequent equipment (not shown) is removed (FIG. 2: S160).

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), excavation is performed on the side surface portion (lower half 6 of the demolition pit) of the circular support 15 built in the TBM excavation portion in the cross section of the TBM demolition mine 1. The lower half excavation of the demolition pit 1 is divided into a lower half first excavation step and a lower half second excavation step by dividing the height of the lower half of the dismantling pit half (6a, 6b). These steps are excavated alternately between the side support 15b of the circular support 15 of the TBM excavation part and the side wall of the demolition mine 1 in the form of a mini-bench of one excavation length (FIG. 2: S141). At that time, the demolition pit side wall support work 7 is continuously built so as to support the legs of the demolition pit half arch support work 3, and the side support work 15b of the TBM excavation part is sequentially added as the excavation progresses. Remove it. The demolition pit 1 excavation is completed by excavating the bottom plate invert 8.

  Since the TBM 10 main body is left at the tip position of the TBM excavation part, the surrounding rock mass is supported in a state where the TBM 10 main body is stably supported by excavation from the face 5 side and the side surface of the already excavated demolition pit 1. The shell of the TBM 10 and the subsequent main body equipment and temporary equipment are all exposed in the excavation space. Thereafter, dismantling scaffolds, lifting equipment, unloading equipment, etc. (not shown) are installed around the TBM 10 body as equipment necessary for dismantling the TBM 10 body (FIG. 2: S170). The TBM 10 main body, which is left in the demolition mine using the demolition scaffold and is entirely exposed in the mine, is dismantled. The main body equipment 13 of the TBM 10 such as the drive equipment of the TBM 10 and the unloading equipment 12 is removed. The main equipment 13 is carried out from the TBM dismantling mine 1 through the main mine 50. The dismantling block is performed in consideration of the lifting function force and the like, but it is also preferable to perform member design assuming a block that is easy to dismantle at the design stage.

  The entire process from the start of TBM excavation part construction to TBM dismantling and removal is about 3 months, which can be shortened to 2/3 compared to the conventional dismantling method. It was estimated that the construction cost equivalent to the construction cost of the (detour mine) could be reduced and the construction cost could be reduced by about 60%. The shortening of the work period and the reduction of the work cost can be expected to obtain the same effect, although it depends on the scale of the TBM.

1 TBM demolishing pit 2 Gradual expansion part 3 Upper half arch support work 4 Demolition upper half 5 Face 6 Demolition lower half 10 TBM

Claims (4)

A tunnel boring machine that has completed excavation to the main mine reaching point in the bedrock is moved forward from the reaching point, and further on the demolition mine where the cross section and length necessary for the dismantling work of the tunnel boring machine are secured A range of gradually expanding portions for rubbing in half, and the gradually expanding portion from the support portion built after excavating the tunnel boring machine by excavating over the range of the semi-rubbed portion of the upper part of the demolition pit that continues to the gradually expanding portion A demolition mine rubbed part excavation step of cutting and expanding the demolition pit upper half rubbed part,
The tunnel boring machine is excavated by one excavation length equal to the erection interval of the upper half support work, and the upper half portion of the dismantling pit cross section within the range of the one excavation length is excavated behind The demolition mine excavation and upper half excavation process, which repeats the excavation work for installing the support work until it reaches almost the entire length of the demolition mine,
Excavating a lower half portion between a lower half outline of the demolition mine in which the upper half support work is built and a support portion provided by excavation of the tunnel boring machine, and an upper half portion of the cross section of the demolition mine Demolition pit half excavation process to build the lower half support work supporting the support work,
A dismantling method for a tunnel excavator comprising: a step of dismantling and removing the tunnel boring machine after excavation is completed on the entire cross section of the dismantling mine.   The tunnel boring machine dismantling method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of removing a part of the equipment of the tunnel boring machine in accordance with the progress of work of the demolition mine excavation / upper half excavation step and the demolition pit lower half excavation step.   The method of dismantling a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a step of excavating between a front surface of the tunnel boring machine and a face of the dismantling pit after the dismantling mine excavation and upper half excavation step.   The dismantling method for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising the step of providing temporary equipment for dismantling and removing the tunnel boring machine in the dismantling mine after completion of the work of the semi-digging step under the dismantling mine.

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