CN113250708B - Method for enabling large-diameter TBM to pass through small-diameter tunnel - Google Patents
Method for enabling large-diameter TBM to pass through small-diameter tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113250708B CN113250708B CN202110541776.4A CN202110541776A CN113250708B CN 113250708 B CN113250708 B CN 113250708B CN 202110541776 A CN202110541776 A CN 202110541776A CN 113250708 B CN113250708 B CN 113250708B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for allowing a large-diameter TBM to pass through a small-diameter tunnel. The method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel comprises the following steps: 1) after the first excavation section is tunneled, the TBM is stepped to a disassembly cavern; in a disassembly chamber, dismantling a cutter head edge block, a top shield, a side shield, a large-size bottom shield, a large-size stepping mechanism and a large-size supporting shoe, and installing a small-size bottom shield, a small-size stepping mechanism and a small-size supporting shoe; then, the TBM is stepped to the opening of the small-diameter tunnel; 2) removing the small-size stepping mechanism, and in the small-diameter tunnel, enabling the TBM to step through the small-diameter tunnel; 3) the TBM is provided with a small-size stepping mechanism, and the TBM is stepped to an assembly grotto; in the assembly chamber, removing a small-size bottom shield, a small-size stepping mechanism and small-size supporting shoes, and installing a cutter head edge block, a top shield, a side shield, a large-size bottom shield, a large-size stepping mechanism and large-size supporting shoes; and then the TBM is stepped to the tunnel face of the second excavation section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for allowing a large-diameter TBM to pass through a small-diameter tunnel.
Background
With the progress of national infrastructure, a full-face rock tunnel boring machine (TBM for short) is widely used in tunnel projects of railways, highways, municipal works, hydropower and the like as a special engineering machine for tunnel boring. For a long-distance tunnel, the tunnel is often divided into a plurality of sections for construction, after excavation and lining of partial sections are finished, if the excavation diameter of the section is smaller than that of other sections, the TBM cannot pass after reaching the section. At present, the TBM needs to be disassembled and then transferred to a field, the field with the smaller diameter is bypassed, then the TBM is reassembled and debugged, and the excavation of the next field is continued.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for allowing a large-diameter TBM to pass through a small-diameter tunnel, and aims to solve the technical problem of large workload caused by the fact that the TBM needs to be disassembled and disassembled to be transferred when the TBM in the prior art reaches the condition that a small-diameter mark section cannot pass.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel is as follows:
the method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) communicating the first excavation section with the small-diameter tunnel sequentially through the first stepping cavern, the disassembly cavern and the second stepping cavern; after the first excavation section is tunneled, the TBM is provided with a large-size stepping mechanism in the first hole-advancing chamber, and the TBM is stepped from the first hole-advancing chamber to the disassembly hole chamber by using the large-size stepping mechanism and a rear support; in the disassembly chamber, removing the cutter head edge block, the top shield, the side shields, the large-size bottom shield, the large-size stepping mechanism and the large-size supporting shoes, and installing the small-size bottom shield, the small-size stepping mechanism and the small-size supporting shoes; utilizing a small-size stepping mechanism and a rear support to step the TBM from the second stepping chamber to a small-diameter tunnel portal;
2) removing the small-size stepping mechanism, and pushing and changing the steps of the TBM by using the small-size supporting shoes and the rear support in the small-diameter tunnel so as to enable the TBM to completely pass through the small-diameter tunnel;
3) communicating the small-diameter tunnel with the second excavation section through a third stepping cavern, an assembly cavern and a fourth stepping cavern in sequence; after the TBM completely passes through the small-diameter tunnel, the TBM is provided with a small-size stepping mechanism in a third hole-entering chamber, and the TBM is stepped from the third hole-entering chamber to an assembly hole chamber by using the small-size stepping mechanism and a rear support; in the assembly chamber, removing a small-size bottom shield, a small-size stepping mechanism and a small-size supporting shoe, and installing a cutter head edge block, a top shield, a side shield, a large-size bottom shield, a large-size stepping mechanism and a large-size supporting shoe; and stepping the TBM from the fourth stepping chamber to the tunnel face of the second excavation section by using a large-size stepping mechanism and a rear support.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel, provided by the invention, after the TBM finishes tunneling of the previous section, only a small number of parts are required to be disassembled and assembled, so that the TBM can be ensured to pass through the small-diameter tunnel, and after the TBM passes through the small-diameter tunnel, the TBM is restored to the original state, so that tunneling of the next section can be carried out.
Further, in the step 1), the main machine of the TBM is supported by using the main driving support of the small-size stepping mechanism so as to disassemble the large-size bottom shield and the large-size stepping mechanism.
Further, the main drive support is detachably connected to the main drive.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the main driving support is convenient to disassemble.
Furthermore, the main drive support is detachably connected to the main drive through a fixing bolt.
Furthermore, the main driving supports are arranged more than two, so that the stability during step changing is ensured.
Furthermore, a front baffle and a rear baffle are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the inner sliding support of the small-size stepping mechanism, and the front baffle and the rear baffle clamp the small-size bottom shield after the small-size bottom shield is installed on the main drive.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the inner sliding support of the small-size stepping mechanism can stably drive the main drive to move along the front-back direction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of a method of passing a large diameter TBM through a small diameter tunnel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a TBM provided with a large-size stepping mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 with the top shield and side shields removed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the large size bottom shield and the large size stepping mechanism of FIG. 4 with the large size bottom shield removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting of the small-sized bottom shield and the small-sized stepping mechanism of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the large-sized shoe of FIG. 2 replaced with a small-sized shoe;
in the figure: 1. a cutter head; 2. a shield; 201. a top shield; 202. a top side shield; 203. a bottom side shield; 204. a large-size bottom shield; 3. main driving; 4. large-size supporting boots; 5. a large-sized stepping mechanism; 501. large-size outer sliding support; 502. large-size inner sliding support; 503. supporting a shield; 504. lifting the oil cylinder; 505. lifting the boot plate; 506. a stepping oil cylinder; 507. a connecting rod, 508, a saddle support; 6. a small-sized stepping mechanism; 601. a main drive support; 602. the small-size sliding support is arranged in the small-size sliding support; 603. a small-sized outer sliding support; 7. a small-sized bottom shield; 8. a small size support shoe; 9. a saddle; 10. rear support; 11. a first excavation section; 12. a first further chamber; 13. disassembling the cavern; 14. a second step of entering a cavern; 15. a small diameter tunnel; 16. thirdly, entering a cavern; 17. assembling a cavern; 18. a fourth stepping chamber; 19. and a second excavation section.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, the terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Embodiment 1 of the method for passing a large-diameter TBM through a small-diameter tunnel of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the TBM passes through a first excavation section 11, a first step cavern 12, a disassembly cavern 13, a second step cavern 14, a small-diameter tunnel 15, a third step cavern 16, an assembly cavern 17, a fourth step cavern 18 and a second excavation section 19 from right to left in sequence during stepping, and the chambers are communicated with each other in sequence. Wherein the small diameter tunnel 15 is of circular cross section.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, a cutter head 1 is provided at the front of a shield 2, and the shield 2 includes a top shield 201, a top side shield 202, a bottom side shield 203, and a large-sized bottom shield 204, wherein the top side shield 202 and the bottom side shield 203 together constitute a side shield; the large-size stepping mechanism 5 comprises a large-size outer sliding support 501, a large-size inner sliding support 502, a shield support 503, a lifting oil cylinder 504, a lifting shoe plate 505, a stepping oil cylinder 506, a connecting rod 507 and a saddle support 508; the small-sized stepping mechanism 6 includes a main driving support 601, a small-sized inner sliding support 602, a small-sized outer sliding support 603, a lift cylinder 504, a lift shoe plate 505, a stepping cylinder 506, a link 507, and a saddle support 508, i.e., the large-sized stepping mechanism 5 and the small-sized stepping mechanism 6 share the lift cylinder 504, the lift shoe plate 505, the stepping cylinder 506, the link 507, and the saddle support 508.
The specific method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel comprises the following steps:
(1) after the TBM is communicated with the excavation section at the first stage, a large-size stepping mechanism 5 is arranged in the first further chamber 12. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the large-sized inner sliding support 502 is installed at the lower part of the large-sized bottom shield 204, and the front end and the rear end of the large-sized inner sliding support 502 are provided with baffle plates which clamp the large-sized bottom shield 204 in the front-rear direction; the large-sized outer sliding support 501 is provided below the large-sized inner sliding support 502, the large-sized outer sliding support 501 is in contact with the ground, and the large-sized inner sliding support 502 and the large-sized outer sliding support 501 are slidable relative to each other in the front-rear direction. Two shield supports 503 are arranged, and the two shield supports 503 are respectively welded on the two bottom side shields 203; a lifting cylinder 504 is bolted to the lower part of the shield support 503, and a lifting shoe plate 505 is attached below the lifting cylinder 504. The front end of the stepping oil cylinder 506 is hinged with the large-size bottom shield 204 through a pin shaft, and the rear end of the stepping oil cylinder 506 is hinged with the large-size outer sliding support 501 through a pin shaft; the front end of the link 507 is connected to the large-sized outer sliding support 501, and the rear end of the link 507 is connected to the saddle support 508. Wherein the saddle support 508 is located below the saddle 9.
(2) The TBM is stepped forward from the first further cavern 12 to the disassembly cavern 13 using a large scale stepping mechanism 5 and a rear support 10. The stepping process is divided into two working modes, stepping and stepping changing: during stepping, the lifting oil cylinder 504 is retracted, the lifting shoe plate 505 leaves the ground, the large-size outer sliding support 501 and the saddle support 508 are in contact with the ground and used as fulcrums to support the main machine of the TBM, and the main machine of the TBM is driven to slide forwards by controlling the stepping oil cylinder 506 to extend out. When the step is changed, the lifting oil cylinder 504 extends out, the lifting shoe plate 505 props against the ground, meanwhile, the rear support 10 extends out to prop against the ground, the main machine of the TBM is driven to lift upwards, the saddle support 508 leaves the ground, and the large-size outer sliding support 501 and the saddle support 508 are driven to move forwards by controlling the recovery of the stepping oil cylinder 506. And repeating the steps, and moving the TBM forward step by step.
(3) As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the cutterhead side blocks, the top shield 201, the top side shield 202, the bottom side shield 203 and the large-size supporting shoes 4 are removed to reduce the profile size of the TBM and ensure that a small-diameter tunnel 15 can pass through. Main drive supports 601 are arranged on two sides of a main drive 3, the upper parts of the two main drive supports 601 are connected with the main drive 3 through bolts, the lifting oil cylinders 504 and the lifting shoe plates 505 are arranged on the lower parts of the main drive supports 601 again, meanwhile, small-size supporting shoes 8 are arranged on a main beam, and the small-size supporting shoes 8 are matched with a small-diameter tunnel.
(4) As shown in FIG. 5, the lift cylinder 504 is controlled to extend, and the lift shoe plate 505 is pressed against the ground, so as to drive the main drive 3 to lift upwards. After the main drive 3 is lifted, the large-size bottom shield 204, the large-size inner sliding support 502 and the large-size outer sliding support 501 are removed. Then, as shown in fig. 6, the small-sized bottom shield 7, the small-sized inner sliding support 602, and the small-sized outer sliding support 603 are mounted. The small-size bottom shield 7 is connected to the lower part of the main drive 3 through a bolt, and the small-size bottom shield 7 is adapted to a small-diameter tunnel; the small-sized inner sliding support 602 is arranged at the lower part of the small-sized bottom shield 7; the front end and the rear end of the small-sized inner sliding support 602 are respectively provided with a baffle plate, and the two baffle plates clamp the small-sized bottom shield 7 in the front-rear direction; the small-size outer sliding support 603 is arranged at the lower part of the small-size inner sliding support 602, the small-size outer sliding support 603 is in contact with the ground, and the small-size inner sliding support 602 and the small-size outer sliding support 603 can slide relatively in the front-back direction; the stepping oil cylinder 506 and the connecting rod 507 are installed again, the front end of the stepping oil cylinder 506 is hinged with the small-size bottom shield 7, the rear end of the stepping oil cylinder 506 is hinged with the small-size outer sliding support 603, the front end of the connecting rod 507 is connected with the small-size outer sliding support 603, and the rear end of the connecting rod 507 is connected with the saddle support 508.
(5) The TBM is stepped from the second stepping chamber 14 to the mouth of the small diameter tunnel 15 using the small size stepping mechanism 6 and the back support 10. The stepping process is divided into two working modes, stepping and stepping changing: during stepping, the lifting oil cylinder 504 is retracted, the lifting shoe plate 505 leaves the ground, the small-size outer sliding support 603 and the saddle support 508 are in contact with the ground and used as fulcrums to support the main machine of the TBM, and the main machine of the TBM is driven to slide forwards by controlling the stepping oil cylinder 506 to extend out. When the step is changed, the lifting oil cylinder 504 extends out, the lifting shoe plate 505 props against the ground, meanwhile, the rear support 10 extends out to prop against the ground, the main machine of the TBM is driven to lift upwards, the saddle support 508 leaves the ground, and the small-size outer sliding support 603 and the saddle support 508 are driven to move forwards by controlling the recovery of the stepping oil cylinder 506. And repeating the steps, and moving the TBM forward step by step.
When the small-size outer sliding support 603 reaches the intersection of the small-diameter tunnel 15 and the second stepping hole chamber 14, the small-size supporting shoe 8 tightly supports the hole wall, the stepping oil cylinder 506, the connecting rod 507 and the saddle support 508 are removed, and the TBM is driven to move forwards by controlling the propulsion oil cylinder to extend out; when the small-size inner sliding support 602 reaches the front end of the small-size outer sliding support 603, the front baffle of the small-size inner sliding support 602 is removed, and the TBM is driven to continuously move forward by controlling the extension of the propulsion oil cylinder, enter the small-diameter tunnel 15 and separate from the small-size stepping mechanism 6.
(6) In the small-diameter tunnel 15, the TBM is controlled to carry out propulsion and stepping: when the tunnel is pushed, the small-size supporting shoes 8 tightly support the wall of the tunnel, and the pushing oil cylinder is controlled to extend out to drive the TBM to move forwards; when the step is changed, the rear support 10 extends out to tightly push against the wall of the hole, the small-size support shoe 8 is recovered, and then the pushing oil cylinder is controlled to recover to drive the small-size support shoe 8 and the saddle 9 to move forwards until the TBM completely passes through the small-diameter tunnel 15.
(7) The TBM is provided with a small-sized stepping mechanism 6 in a third stepping chamber 16, and the connection mode is the same as that of the step (4), and the connection mode is not described again. The TBM is stepped forwards into an assembly chamber 17 by using a small-size stepping mechanism 6 and a rear support 10; in the assembly chamber 17, the lifting oil cylinder 504 extends out to drive the main drive 3 to move upwards, the small-size bottom shield 7, the small-size inner sliding support 602, the small-size outer sliding support 603 and the small-size support shoe 8 are removed, and then the large-size bottom shield 204, the large-size inner sliding support 502, the large-size outer sliding support 501 and the large-size support shoe 4 are installed; after the installation, the lifting oil cylinder 504 is recovered, the main driving support 601 is removed, the cutter head edge block, the bottom side shield 203, the top shield 201 and the top side shield 202 are installed, the TBM is recovered, and after the overhaul and debugging are carried out, the TBM is stepped forward from the fourth stepping chamber 18 to the tunnel face of the second excavation section 19 by using the large-size stepping mechanism 5 and the rear support 10, so that the tunneling work of the second standard section can be started.
According to the method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel, provided by the invention, after the TBM finishes tunneling of the previous section, only a small number of parts are required to be disassembled and assembled, so that the TBM can be ensured to pass through the small-diameter tunnel, and after the TBM passes through the small-diameter tunnel, the TBM is restored to the original state, so that tunneling of the next section can be carried out.
Embodiment 2 of the method for passing a large-diameter TBM through a small-diameter tunnel of the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the main drive support 601 of the small-sized stepping mechanism 6 is used to support the main machine of the TBM to detach the large-sized bottom shield 204 and the large-sized stepping mechanism 5. In this embodiment, the crane is used to support the host of the TBM to detach the large-size bottom shield and the large-size stepping mechanism.
Embodiment 3 of the method for passing a large-diameter TBM through a small-diameter tunnel according to the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the main drive support 601 is detachably attached to the main drive 3 to facilitate the detachment of the main drive support 601. In this embodiment, weld the main drive support on the main drive, when needs dismantle, utilize the cutting machine to cut it down.
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, a main drive support 601 is connected to a main drive 3 by a fixing bolt. In this embodiment, the main drive support is clamped and fixed on the main drive through the clamping device.
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, two main drive supports 601 are provided, and the two main drive supports are respectively installed on both sides of the main drive 3. In this embodiment, there is one main driving support, and the main driving support is a n-shaped structure, that is, the main driving support has two supporting portions, and the supporting portions are used for supporting on the hole wall.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. The method for allowing the large-diameter TBM to pass through the small-diameter tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) the first excavation section (11) is communicated with the small-diameter tunnel (15) sequentially through a first stepping cavern (12), a disassembly cavern (13) and a second stepping cavern (14); after the first excavation section (11) is tunneled, a large-size stepping mechanism (5) is installed in the first further cavern (12) by the TBM, and the TBM is stepped from the first further cavern (12) to the disassembly cavern (13) by the large-size stepping mechanism (5) and the rear support (10); in the disassembly cavern (13), removing a cutter head edge block, a top shield (201), a side shield, a large-size bottom shield (204), a large-size stepping mechanism (5) and a large-size supporting shoe (4), and installing a small-size bottom shield (7), a small-size stepping mechanism (6) and a small-size supporting shoe (8); the TBM is stepped from a second stepping chamber (14) to the opening of a small-diameter tunnel (15) by using a small-size stepping mechanism (6) and a rear support (10);
2) dismantling the small-size stepping mechanism (6), and in the small-diameter tunnel (15), the TBM is propelled and stepped by using the small-size supporting shoes (8) and the rear support (10) so as to enable the TBM to completely pass through the small-diameter tunnel (15);
3) the small-diameter tunnel (15) is communicated with a second excavation section (19) sequentially through a third stepping chamber (16), an assembly chamber (17) and a fourth stepping chamber (18); after the TBM completely passes through the small-diameter tunnel (15), the TBM is provided with a small-size stepping mechanism (6) in a third stepping chamber (16), and the TBM is stepped from the third stepping chamber (16) to an assembly chamber (17) by using the small-size stepping mechanism (6) and a rear support (10); in an assembly grotto (17), a small-size bottom shield (7), a small-size stepping mechanism (6) and a small-size supporting shoe (8) are dismantled, and a cutter head edge block, a top shield (201), a side shield, a large-size bottom shield (204), a large-size stepping mechanism (5) and a large-size supporting shoe (4) are installed; and stepping the TBM from the fourth stepping chamber (18) to the tunnel face of the second excavation section (19) by using a large-size stepping mechanism (5) and a rear support (10).
2. The method for passing the large-diameter TBM through the small-diameter tunnel according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step 1), the main machine of the TBM is supported by the main driving support (601) of the small-size stepping mechanism (6) to disassemble the large-size bottom shield (204) and the large-size stepping mechanism (5).
3. A method for a large diameter TBM to pass through a small diameter tunnel according to claim 2 characterised in that the primary drive support (601) is removably attached to the primary drive (3).
4. A method for a large diameter TBM to pass through a small diameter tunnel according to claim 3 characterised in that the primary drive support (601) is releasably attached to the primary drive (3) by means of a fixing bolt.
5. A method for a large diameter TBM to pass through a small diameter tunnel according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein more than two main driving supports (601) are provided to ensure stability during the step change.
6. A method for a large-diameter TBM to pass through a small-diameter tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a front baffle and a rear baffle are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the inner sliding support of the small-size stepping mechanism (6), and the front baffle and the rear baffle block the small-size bottom shield (7) after the small-size bottom shield (7) is installed on the main drive (3).
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