JP2010126284A - Damping device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damping device of an elevator capable of preventing the reaction force produced during the damping from affecting the other equipment while an elastic body for operation and an elastic body for damping are independent of each other. <P>SOLUTION: This damping device of the elevator includes damping arms 12 which are disposed in pairs so as to face each other and rotatably installed through a shaft, the elastic body for damping interposed between the damping arms, the operation arms 14 which are disposed in pairs on the inside of the damping arms so as to face each other and rotatably installed through the shaft 11, the elastic body for operation and an actuator which are interposed between the operation arms, damping elements 21 which are disposed at the ends of the damping arm and the operation arm, and formed in pairs so as to moved upward when a lifting body is moved downward and moved downward when the lifting body is moved downward the lifting body is moved upward by the friction force generated when the damping elements are pressed against a guide rail 7, and a damping means 20 having a reset part 24 for returning a damping element 21 to the neutral position after the damping operation is completed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator braking device, and more particularly, to an elevator braking device that brakes the lifting body when the lifting speed exceeds a predetermined value using an actuator or when the lifting body travels in an uncontrolled state. About.

  As an actuator that uses an actuator to brake the lifting body, the actuator has an operating force that resists the elastic force, and the power is shut off under a predetermined condition. Some have a brake that decelerates and stops the lifting body. And it is mentioned that the device using such an actuator is applied as a device that brakes the lifting body when the lifting speed exceeds a predetermined value or when the lifting body travels in an uncontrolled state. .

  However, in such a device, in order to stop the elevating body by sliding the brake element against the guide rail by elastic force, it is necessary to set an elastic force above a certain level. In order to keep the brake element loaded with force constantly open, the actuator needs to have an actuating force that resists the elastic force. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the actuator, and thus the large size of the device. There has been a problem of incurring cost and installation costs. Further, an actuator having a suction force that resists the elastic force needs to further increase the capacity of the actuator in order to ensure a sufficient gap between the brake and the guide rail.

Therefore, due to the frictional force when pressed against the guide rail, a wedge-shaped brake element that moves upward when the lifting body moves downward, and moves downward when the lifting body moves, and two slopes that form a V-shaped side surface. And a gripper that sandwiches the brake element between the guide rail and an elastic body for operation that moves the brake element in the direction of the braking position via the connecting rod when the actuator is de-energized, and a slide on the guide rail. The structure in which the elastic member for braking that provides the appropriate braking force by applying the pressing force to the contacting brake element is provided independently enables the elastic force of the elastic member for operation to be reduced, and thus the actuator It is conceivable to reduce the capacity of (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2007-277013 (paragraph numbers 0029 to 0035, FIG. 5)

  However, the above-described conventional structure has a structure in which an actuator is attached to one end of a connecting rod, and a brake element is attached to the other end. The reaction force when sandwiched between them is that which pushes the lifting body away from the guide rail, and that which pushes the guide rail away from the lifting body, which distorts the lifting body or attaches the guide rail It was not preferable because it was a factor to shift

  In addition, since the movable brake element is installed only on one side, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large in order to ensure the deflection of the braking elastic body in order to exert the necessary braking force. There is also a means to ensure that the braking elastic body has a high spring constant and a braking force that requires at least the amount of deflection, but in this case, a slight change in the amount of deflection greatly affects the braking force. It was necessary to tighten management.

  The present invention has been made from the state of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to make the elastic body for operation and the elastic body for braking independent of each other, and the reaction force generated during braking affects other devices. An object of the present invention is to provide a braking device for an elevator that can prevent this and that can be reduced in size and cost when exhibiting the necessary braking force.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is arranged in a pair so as to face each other in an elevator braking device provided in an elevating body guided by a guide rail. A braking arm provided rotatably through a shaft, a braking elastic body interposed between the braking arms, and arranged in pairs so as to face each other and through the shaft And an actuating arm provided rotatably, an actuating elastic body and an actuator interposed between the actuating arms, an end of the braking arm and the actuating arm, and Due to the frictional force when pressed against the guide rail, a pair of braking elements that move upward when the lifting body moves downward and move downward when moving up and down, and after the braking operation, It is characterized in that a braking means comprising a return portion for returning to the neutral position Doko.

  In the invention according to the first aspect of the present invention configured as described above, the energization of the actuator is cut off, so that the brake element paired by the elastic force of the operating elastic body interposed between the operating arms is the guide rail. The brake is moved upward by the frictional force at this time, and moved downward when the lifting / lowering body moves downward, and moves downward when the lifting / lowering body moves upward. In this state, the braking element is pressed against the guide rail with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body interposed between the braking arms to obtain the braking force. The reaction force when the brake element is pressed against the guide rail causes the pair of braking arms to rotate, and the reaction force is absorbed by the braking elastic body interposed between the braking arms. Therefore, the reaction force generated during braking does not affect other devices. Further, by providing a structure in which the elastic body for braking and the elastic body for operation are provided independently, it is possible to reduce the elastic force of the elastic body for operation, and thus to reduce the capacity of the actuator. it can. Furthermore, the smooth transition to the normal operation can be realized by surely returning the brake to the neutral position after the braking operation by the return portion.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the return portion is disposed so as to be opposed to the brake via the shaft connected to the operating arm, and by the shaft. It is characterized in that it is provided with an elastic body for returning in the left-right direction that is pressed and returns to the neutral position in the left-right direction by the elastic force.

  In the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention configured as described above, after the braking operation, when the actuator is energized by the return operation and the operating arm rotates, the left-right return elastic body is interlocked with the operating arm. It is pressed by the shaft and is in a compressed state. After that, when the lifting body is operated in the opposite direction to the abnormal operation by the returning operation, and the braking element is in the vertical direction and becomes the neutral position, the braking element is separated from the guide rail by the elastic force of the elastic body for the horizontal returning direction. In the left and right direction and return to the neutral position.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, the return portion is arranged such that one end is in contact with the lower end of the brake element and the other end is in contact with the lifting body side, and the brake element is moved in the vertical direction. It is characterized by comprising an elastic body for returning in the vertical direction to return to the neutral position.

  In the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention configured as described above, the elastic body for returning in the vertical direction is compressed by the brake element that moves downward by performing the braking operation when the lifting body moves upward. Thereafter, when the lifting / lowering body is lowered by the return operation, the braking element returns to the neutral position in the vertical direction by the elastic force of the elastic body for returning in the vertical direction. On the other hand, if a braking operation is performed during the downward movement of the elevating body, the brake element moves upward. During this time, the elastic body for returning in the up-down direction maintains the extended state. Thereafter, when the elevating body is raised by the return operation, the brake element falls by its own weight, and its lower end comes into contact with the elastic body for returning in the vertical direction so that it returns to the neutral position in the vertical direction.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the reaction force generated during braking from affecting other devices while reducing the capacity of the actuator. As a result, the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost, and the elevator apparatus can be kept highly accurate and highly reliable. In addition, after the braking operation, the brake can be surely returned to the neutral position, so that a smooth transition to the normal operation can be realized.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of an elevator braking device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator showing a position where the braking device of the present invention is installed, FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an embodiment of the elevator braking device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a brake in the present embodiment. 4 is a schematic front view of the apparatus, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part along the line AA in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic front view showing the state when the current to the actuator is cut off, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the state when the current to the actuator is cut off. 9 is a schematic front view showing a state when the brake element is pressed against the guide rail during the abnormal lowering movement, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state when the brake element is pressed against the guide rail during the abnormal upward movement. Front view, Figure 11 shows the actuator 12 is a schematic top view showing a state when the motor is energized, FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing a state when the actuator is energized by the return operation, and FIG. 13 is a main part showing a state when the actuator is energized by the return operation. 14 is a schematic front view showing a state when the lifting body is driven in the opposite direction to the abnormal operation by the return operation, and FIG. 15 is a view when the lifting body is driven in the opposite direction to the abnormal operation by the returning operation. It is a principal part cross-sectional view which shows the state.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator has a rope 3 wound around a sheave 2 of a hoisting machine provided in a machine room 1, and a counterweight 4 and a counterweight 5 are respectively connected to both ends of the rope 3. ing. The car 4 is guided by a car-side guide rail 7 in the hoistway 6, and the counterweight 5 is guided by the counterweight-side guide rail 8, and the sheave 2 of the hoisting machine is rotated. The car 4 and the counterweight 5 move up and down in the hoistway 6. And the braking device 10 of this embodiment is fastened and fixed to the upper part of the car 4 with a bolt (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the braking device 10 of the present embodiment is disposed in pairs so as to face each other, and is provided with a braking arm 12 that is rotatably provided via a shaft 11. The brake elastic body 13 interposed between the brake arms 12 and the brake elastic body 13 are disposed inside the brake arm 12 so as to be opposed to each other and can be rotated via the shaft 11. , An operating elastic body 15 and an actuator 16 interposed between the operating arms 14, and a braking arm 20 disposed at the ends of the braking arm 12 and the operating arm 14. And.

  The braking means 20 is formed with two inclined surfaces so as to form a V-shaped side surface on the anti-braking surface, and when the car 4 is moved downward, it is moved upward by the frictional force when pressed against the car-side guide rail 7. The brake element 21 is a pair of brake elements 21 that move downward and move downward, and is supported by the end of the operating arm 14, and is composed of two plates facing each other, along the extension direction of the car-side guide rail 7. It has a vertical portion 22a that extends and a horizontal portion 22b that extends in a direction orthogonal to the vertical portion 22a, and supports the brake element 21 so as to be movable in the vertical direction so as to sandwich the brake element 21 at the end of the vertical portion 22a. An actuating slope body 23 that is provided integrally with the brake guide plate 22 and has two slopes that are substantially parallel to the respective slopes of the brake shoe 21, and after the braking operation, the brake shoe 21 is returned to the neutral position. And a return portion 24 which is formed at the end of the brake arm 12, which is and a slope 25 which become parallel each slope and outline of the brake shoe 21. In addition, concave portions are formed in two vertical surfaces orthogonal to the braking surface of the brake element 21, and the end portions of the vertical portion 22 a are engaged with these concave portions and supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

  The return portion 24 includes a shaft 24a connected to the operating arm 14, a left-right return fixing plate 24b fixed so as to be sandwiched between ends of the horizontal portion 22b of the brake guide plate 22, and a shaft 24a. And an elastic body 24c for returning in the left-right direction, which is pressed by the shaft 24a and returns to the neutral position in the left-right direction by the elastic force, and the shaft 24a. A left-right return movable plate 24d interposed between the left-right return elastic body 24c, a vertical return plate 24e disposed so as to contact the lower end of the brake element 21, and an upper end returning in the vertical direction The plate 24e, the vertical return shaft 24f erected so that the lower end is positioned on the base plate 26 of the braking device 10 fastened to the car side member, and the vertical return shaft 24f are inserted into the gap. , And a 24g vertically returning elastic bodies for returning to the neutral position there a brake shoe 21 in the vertical direction.

  In the present embodiment, during normal operation, the actuator 16 is energized to overcome the elastic force of the operating elastic body 15 and separate the brake 21 from the car-side guide rail 7 as shown in FIGS. Held in a state. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the brake element 21 is held at a neutral position in which each of the inclined surfaces is opposed to the inclined surface of the operating inclined body 23.

  For example, when a speed detector (not shown) senses an abnormal downward movement of the car 4, an electrical signal is input from the speed detector to the braking device 10, and the braking device 10 interrupts the current to the actuator 16. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the operating arm 14 is rotated via the shaft 11 by the elastic force of the operating elastic body 15 interposed between the operating arms 14 according to the interruption of the energization of the actuator 16. The brake element guide plate 22 and the operating slope body 23 supported by the end of the operating arm 14 move in the direction of the car side guide rail 7, and the brake element 21 is pressed against the car side guide rail 7. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, when the car 4 is lowered while being pressed against the car-side guide rail 7, the brake element 21 is caused by the frictional force to cause the slope of the actuating slope body 23, and then the brake arm 12. It moves upward along the slope 25. In this way, when the brake element 21 enters between the car-side guide rail 7 and the braking arm 12 and the operating slope body 23, the braking arm 12 rotates via the shaft 11, and the braking arm 12. The brake 21 is pressed against the car-side guide rail 7 with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body 13 interposed therebetween, and the car 4 is braked.

  When the elevator is returned to the normal operation after the braking operation, first, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the actuator 16 is energized to rotate the operating arm 14. In response to the rotation of the operating arm 14, the elastic body 24c for returning in the left-right direction is pressed by the shaft 24a interlocking with the operating arm 14, and between the fixed plate 24b for returning in the left-right direction and the movable plate 24d in the left-right direction. Compressed state. Thereafter, when the car 4 is driven in the upward direction, which is the opposite direction to the abnormal operation, by the returning operation, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the brake element 21 falls due to its own weight, and the lower end thereof returns to the vertical direction. By contacting the plate 24e, it returns to the neutral position in the vertical direction. Thus, when the contact between the braking element 21 and the braking arm 12 is eliminated and each of the inclined surfaces of the braking element 21 is opposed to the inclined surface of the operating inclined body 23, the elastic force of the elastic body 24c for returning in the horizontal direction is obtained. As a result, the brake element 21 moves away from the car-side guide rail 7 and returns to the neutral position in the left-right direction.

  On the other hand, when a speed detector (not shown) senses an abnormal upward movement of the car 4, an electrical signal is input from the speed detector to the braking device 10, and the braking device 10 interrupts the current to the actuator 16. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the operating arm 14 is rotated via the shaft 11 by the elastic force of the operating elastic body 15 interposed between the operating arms 14 according to the interruption of the energization of the actuator 16. The brake element guide plate 22 and the operating slope body 23 supported by the end of the operating arm 14 move in the direction of the car side guide rail 7, and the brake element 21 is pressed against the car side guide rail 7. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the car 4 is raised while being pressed against the car-side guide rail 7, the brake element 21 is caused by the frictional force to cause the slope of the actuating slope body 23, and then the brake arm 12. It moves downward along the slope 25. In this way, when the brake element 21 enters between the car-side guide rail 7 and the braking arm 12 and the operating slope body 23, the braking arm 12 rotates via the shaft 11, and the braking arm 12. The brake 21 is pressed against the car-side guide rail 7 with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body 13 interposed therebetween, and the car 4 is braked. At this time, the vertically returning elastic body 24g is compressed between the vertically returning plate 24e and the base plate 26 of the braking device 10 fastened to the car side member by the brake element 21 moved downward.

  When the elevator is returned to normal operation after this braking operation, first, as shown in FIG. 11, the actuator 16 is energized and the operating arm 14 is rotated. In response to the rotation of the operating arm 14, the elastic body 24c for returning in the left-right direction is pressed by the shaft 24a interlocking with the operating arm 14, and between the fixed plate 24b for returning in the left-right direction and the movable plate 24d in the left-right direction. Compressed state. Thereafter, when the car 4 is operated in the downward direction, which is the opposite direction to the abnormal operation, by the return operation, the brake element 21 is caused by the elastic force of the elastic body 24g for the up-and-down return as shown in FIGS. Return to the neutral position in the vertical direction. Thus, when the contact between the braking element 21 and the braking arm 12 is eliminated and each of the inclined surfaces of the braking element 21 is opposed to the inclined surface of the operating inclined body 23, the elastic force of the elastic body 24c for returning in the horizontal direction is obtained. As a result, the brake element 21 moves away from the car-side guide rail 7 and returns to the neutral position in the left-right direction.

  According to the present embodiment, the reaction force when the brake element 21 is pressed against the car-side guide rail 7 rotates the pair of braking arms 12, and this reaction force is generated between the braking arms 12. Since it is absorbed by the interposed braking elastic body 13, the reaction force generated during braking does not affect other devices. Further, the structure in which the elastic body for braking 13 and the elastic body for operation 15 are provided independently enables the elastic force of the elastic body for operation 15 to be reduced, and thus the capacity of the actuator 16 is reduced. It can be. As a result, the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost, and the elevator apparatus can be kept highly accurate and highly reliable. Further, as described above, the braking device 10 has a structure in which the main portions are paired and provided symmetrically, and the braking arm 12 and the actuation arm 14 rotate via the same shaft 11. Therefore, each part can be operated smoothly, and the pair of brake elements 21 can be uniformly slid on the guide rail to obtain a stable braking force. Furthermore, the smooth transition to the normal operation can be realized by reliably returning the brake element 21 to the neutral position after the braking operation.

It is a schematic block diagram of the elevator which shows the position where the braking device of this invention is installed. 1 is a schematic top view showing an embodiment of an elevator braking device according to the present invention. It is a schematic front view of the braking device in this embodiment. It is a principal part cross-sectional view in alignment with the AA of FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. It is a schematic top view which shows a state when the electric current to an actuator is interrupted | blocked. It is a schematic front view which shows a state when the electric current to an actuator is interrupted | blocked. It is a principal part cross-sectional view which shows a state when the electric current to an actuator is interrupted | blocked. It is a schematic front view which shows a state when the brake is pressing the guide rail at the time of abnormally descending movement. It is a schematic front view which shows a state when the brake is pressing the guide rail at the time of abnormally rising movement. It is a schematic top view which shows a state when electricity is supplied to the actuator by the return operation. It is a schematic front view which shows a state when electricity is supplied to the actuator by the return operation. It is a principal part cross-sectional view which shows a state when it supplies with electricity to an actuator by return driving | operation. It is a schematic front view which shows a state when a raising / lowering body is drive | operated in the opposite direction to abnormal operation by return driving | operation. It is a principal part cross-sectional view which shows a state when a raising / lowering body is drive | operated in the opposite direction to abnormal operation by return driving | operation.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine room 2 Sheave 3 Rope 4 Car 5 Balance weight 6 Hoistway 7 Car side guide rail 8 Balance weight side guide rail 10 Braking device 11 Shaft 12 Braking arm 13 Braking elastic body 14 Acting arm 15 Acting elastic body
16 Actuator 20 Braking means 21 Braking element 22 Braking element guide plate 22a Vertical part 22b Horizontal part 23 Actuating slope body 24 Returning part 24a Axis 24b Left-right direction return fixing plate 24c Left-right direction return elastic body 24d Left-right direction return movable plate 24e Vertical return plate 24f Vertical return shaft 24g Vertical return elastic body 25 Slope 26 Substrate

Claims (3)

In the elevator braking device provided on the lifting body guided by the guide rail,
A braking arm that is arranged in a pair so as to face each other and that can be rotated via a shaft, and a braking elastic body that is interposed between the braking arms so as to face each other. Are arranged in pairs, and are provided so as to be rotatable via a shaft, an operating elastic body and an actuator interposed between these operating arms, the braking arm and the A pair of brakes that are arranged at the end of the operating arm and that move upward when the lifting body is moved downward by the friction force when pressed against the guide rail; A braking device for an elevator, comprising: a braking means having a return portion for returning the brake element to a neutral position after a braking operation.   The return portion is disposed so as to face the brake element via the shaft connected to the operating arm, and is pressed by the shaft, and the elastic force exerts the brake element in the left-right direction. The elevator braking apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a left-right elastic body for returning to a neutral position.   The return portion is arranged such that one end abuts against the lower end of the brake element and the other end abuts on the lifting body side, and an elastic body for up-down direction return that returns the brake element to the neutral position in the up-down direction. The elevator braking device according to claim 1, further comprising:

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