JP4433888B2 - Multi car elevator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multicar elevator in which a plurality of cars are arranged in a hoistway.

  An example of a conventional safety device for a multi-car elevator is described in Patent Document 1. In the multi-car elevator described in this publication, a push bar that is pushed by the other car when the cars approach each other, and an emergency stop that is connected to the push bar and operates when the push bar is pushed to stop the movement of the car. An operating mechanism is provided. Further, the emergency stop operating mechanism includes a lever that rotates around a fulcrum in synchronization with the vertical movement of the lever push bar, and an emergency stop member that is connected to the lever and stops the car from going upward or downward. It has.

  An example of a braking device for a self-propelled elevator is described in Patent Document 2. In the elevator described in this publication, a linear motor is configured between a hoistway of a high-rise building and a car, and a braking device is provided in the car. A speed governor is connected to each wedge member of the braking device via each lift rod. Are connected. When the speed governor detects an abnormal speed of the car, the wedge member is pressed against the guide rail via the lift rod to emergency stop the car.

JP 2004-10272 A

JP-A-6-340390

  In the elevator described in Patent Document 1, when the cars approach, the push rods are pressed immediately before the cars collide to operate the emergency stop device to prevent the cars from colliding. However, since the elevator described in this publication is not a circulating multi-car elevator in which a plurality of cars circulate in the hoistway, the emergency stop device is operated on the car at a position where the circulating car moves in the horizontal direction. Is not considered. Moreover, since the push bar is installed on the upper and lower sides of the car, the car becomes taller, resulting in a problem that the height of the hoistway during the horizontal movement is increased.

  On the other hand, in the elevator described in Patent Document 2, a speed governor is provided on the car, and when the car reaches an abnormal speed, a braking device attached to the car is operated to urgently stop the car. When the elevator safety device described in this publication is applied to a multi-car that self-travels with driving wheels, the car reaches an abnormal speed in a situation where a slight gravity unbalance occurs due to a failure of the driving wheels and the car slowly falls. It is difficult to prevent the cars from colliding with each other before.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to reliably operate a safety device in any position of a car in a circulation type multicar elevator apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to save the space of the circulation type multi-car elevator device and to improve the reliability of the elevator by reliably operating the safety device even during abnormal running where the vehicle slowly falls. Yet another object of the present invention is to avoid collisions with other cars.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-car elevator that circulates a plurality of cars in a hoistway, a traveling rail that guides the car and is formed in a loop shape, and sandwiches the traveling rail to each car. The traction ability is reduced by detecting the speed of the car, the attached driving wheel and the driven wheel, the driving source for driving the driving wheel, the rope connecting at least one of the plurality of cars to form a loop, and the speed of the car. Traction abnormality detection means for detecting this, a plurality of pulleys arranged above and below the hoistway, and mounted on the ropes to traverse the ropes and the cage, and a plurality of the pulleys attached to the pulleys A brake device that stops the rotation of the vehicle, and when the traction abnormality detection means detects that the traction capability is reduced, To stop the rotation of the plurality of pulleys brake device, a friction force is generated between the said rope pulley, it is to stop the car.

  According to the present invention, in the self-propelled multi-car elevator, the second emergency stop means is provided on the pulley that guides the rope, so that when the abnormality occurs in the traction, the speed at which the car falls is slow and the governor When the car does not operate, the car can be stopped reliably. Moreover, it can avoid colliding with other cars.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a self-propelled multi-car elevator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a self-propelled multi-car elevator, and FIG. 2 is a front view of a car used for the elevator shown in FIG. A plurality of cars 1 </ b> A to 1 </ b> D self-travel along the traveling rail 4 that forms the circulation path. At that time, the driving wheels 2A to 2D and the driven wheels 3A to 3D attached to the upper surfaces of the cars 1A to 1D sandwich the traveling rail 4.

  A rope 5 forming a loop is disposed outside the traveling rail, and rope fastening mechanisms 6A to 6D each having one end rotatably attached to the upper part of the car are attached to the rope 5. The rope 5 has an elevating part and a traversing part for moving the cars 1A to 1D to the left and right, and the traversing part is mounted on a plurality of pulleys 7 arranged in an arc shape. A brake 8 is attached to each pulley 7 on the upper side of the hoistway. Each of the rope fastening mechanisms 6A to 6D has two rope fastening mechanism guide rollers 61A to 61H positioned in the vertical direction while the cages 1A to 1D are raised and lowered. The rope fastening mechanism guide rollers 61A to 61H are ropes. 5 travels along a rope fastening mechanism guide rail 62 arranged substantially parallel to the rail 5.

  In the following description, the car 1A is taken as a representative. The other cars 1B to 1C have the same configuration. Guide rollers 10 are arranged on the left and right of the car 1A on the top and bottom, and the guide rollers 10 run along guide rails 9 arranged on the left and right sides of the car 1A.

  A driving motor (not shown) is disposed on the car 1A, and rotates the driving wheel 2A. Since the driving wheel 2A and the driven wheel 3A are pressed against the traveling rail 4, the rotational force of the driving wheel 2A causes the car 1A to travel along the traveling rail 4 as a traction force. Thereby, the car 1 </ b> A can circulate along the traveling rail 4. However, if only the traction force is used as the driving force for the car 1A, the driving motor is enlarged and the elevator apparatus is enlarged.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, a pair of cars, that is, cars 1A, 1C and cars 1B, 1D are formed, and each set is connected to the rope 5 using the rope fastening mechanism 6. Thus, each car 1A-1D acts as a counterweight for the other car in the pair. At this time, the car 1A and the car 1C are arranged at symmetrical positions of the hoistway. The same applies to the car 1B and the car 1D. By arrange | positioning in this way, it can be made to act as a counterweight, regardless of the position of the cars 1A to 1D in the hoistway. When only one car is used and the other car is not used, the other car can be replaced with a counterweight.

  By the way, when the elevator 50 travels for a long period of time, the driving wheels 2A to 2D, the driven wheels 3A to 3D, and the traveling rail 4 are worn and the frictional force is reduced. In addition, it is assumed that a situation occurs in which the force of pressing the driving wheels 2A to 2D and the driven wheels 3A to 3D against the traveling rail 4 is weakened due to the failure of the device. In such a case, the force required to drive the cars 1A to 1D cannot be transmitted from the motor to the cars 1A to 1D.

  In this state, in the pair of the car 1A and the car 1C connected by the rope 2 or the pair of the car 1B and the car 1D, if each car has the same weight, the other car acts as a balance weight, and the car 1A ~ 1D stops on the spot. However, if there are many passengers in one car, for example, 1A, and there are no passengers in the paired car 1C, the balance is lost and the car 1A falls and the car 1C rises.

  At this time, since the abnormal traveling speeds of the car 1A and the car 1C depend on the weight imbalance between the car 1A and the car 1C, the cars 1A and 1C do not always travel rapidly. For rapid abnormal running, an emergency stop device that operates in response to an overspeed that has been frequently used in the past may be attached to the car 1A and the emergency stop device may be operated. However, when the speed of abnormal running is slow, the emergency stop device does not operate, so that the pair of cars in which the abnormality has occurred, for example, the pair of cars 1B and 1D that are operating normally other than the pair of 1A and 1C are running. There is a risk of interference or collision.

  In order to stop the cars 1A and 1C before the emergency stop device operates, a brake is attached to the drive motor and the drive wheels 2A and 2C may be braked. As a result, the friction force that pinches the traveling rail increases in the drive wheels 2A and 2C, and the cars 1A and 1C can be stopped. However, even if this method is used, the frictional force required to stop the cars 1A and 1C cannot always be obtained when the traction capabilities of the drive wheels 2A and 2C are reduced. If the frictional force required for stopping cannot be obtained, the cars 1A and 1C will slowly fall due to a slight gravity imbalance.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to prevent the pair of the cars 1A, 1C or the cars 1B, 1D from dropping due to the imbalance of the weight and colliding with the other cars 1B, 1D or the cars 1A, 1C. There is a kind of safety device. One is an emergency stop device conventionally used, and the other is a brake device 8 attached to a rope-mounted pulley 7 arranged in the upper traverse portion.

  In other words, when the traction ability is reduced and the weight of the pair of the cars 1A, 1C or the cars 1B, 1D connected by the rope 5 becomes unbalanced and the car gradually falls or rises, the rotation of the rotating pulley 7 is braked. The device 8 stops and generates a frictional force between the rope 5 and the pulley 7. Thereby, the cars 1A and 1C or the cars 1B and 1D are stopped. The pulley 7 and the rope 5 that operate as a guide device during normal operation act as second emergency stop means for stopping the cars 1A to 1D in an abnormal state.

  Details of detection of the traction abnormality of the drive wheel 2A are shown in FIG. A connecting rod 14 extending in the radial direction is attached to the rotating shaft of the drive wheel 2 </ b> A, and an auxiliary roller 12 to which an encoder 13 is attached is attached to the tip of the connecting rod 14. A spring 15 that presses the auxiliary roller 15 against the traveling rail 4 is connected to the connecting rod 14. The encoder 13 detects the number of rotations of the auxiliary roller 12.

  When the car 1A is operating normally, the drive wheel 2A and the auxiliary roller 12 rotate in the same direction. When the traction capability of the drive wheel 2A is reduced and the car 1A is dropped, the difference in rotational speed between the drive wheel 2A and the auxiliary roller 12 is increased as compared with the normal running. Since this state is an abnormality of traction, it is detected that the difference in rotational speed has increased, and the brake device 8 of the pulley 7 is operated. Thereby, the car 1A stops. Instead of measuring the rotational speed of the drive wheel 2A with the encoder 13, a command value for the rotational speed of the motor may be compared.

  In the above embodiment, the decrease in traction capability is detected using the auxiliary roller 12, but instead of using the auxiliary roller 12, the rotational speed of the guide roller 10 can also be used. In this case, the detected rotation speed of the guide roller 10 is compared with the rotation speed of the drive wheel 2A, and when this value becomes larger than a predetermined value, the car 1A is stopped. In addition, a load sensor such as a load cell may be provided in the bearing portion of the driving wheel 2A or the driven wheel 3A to directly detect the pressing force between the driving wheel 2A and the driven wheel 3A.

  As a redundant system of these traction abnormality detection means, if a distance sensor 16 capable of detecting the distance and relative speed of each other, such as an ultrasonic sensor or a millimeter wave radar, is attached to the car 1A, the car 1A can be replaced with another car. It is possible to directly grasp approaching 1B. When the distance between the cars 1A and 1B is shorter than a predetermined value or when the speed of the car 1A is different from the predetermined value, an operation command is transmitted to the brake device 8 to stop the car 1A.

  Details of the second emergency stop means are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second emergency stop means is a brake device 8 that brakes the rotation of the pulley 7. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the pulley 7 and the brake device 8, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the pulley 7 and the brake device 8. A rope 5 is wound around each stage of the pulley 7 stacked in four stages. Each rope 5 is connected to a pair of cars. The pulley 7 is attached to a pulley shaft 17.

  One end side of a connecting link 23 is attached to both ends of the pulley shaft 17 in the front-rear direction, and a case 21 having a movable iron core 20 inserted in the center is attached to the other end of the connecting link 23. ing. An upper end portion of the movable iron core 20 is connected to a brake pad 18 </ b> A that is inserted into the connecting link 23 and is held by a support spring 22 at an intermediate portion of the connecting link 23. The support spring 22 is inserted into the connecting link 23 and is positioned between the case 21 and the brake pad 18A. The case 21 is supported by two connecting links. A solenoid coil 19 is disposed around the movable iron core 20 in the case 21. The connecting link 23, the brake pad 18A, the movable iron core 20, the solenoid coil 22, the case 21, and the like constitute the brake device 8.

  The solenoid coil 19 is always energized and attracts the movable iron core 20 to form a gap between the pulley 7 and the brake pad 18. When a traction abnormality signal is input to the brake device 8, the energization of the solenoid coil 19 is cut off. When the current of the solenoid coil 19 is turned off, the movable iron core 20 is lifted and the support spring 22 pushes up the brake pad 18A. As a result, the brake pad 18A is pressed against the pulley 7 to stop the rotation of the pulley 7. According to the present embodiment, even if a trouble such as a power failure occurs, the car 1A can be forcibly stopped using the frictional force between the pulley 7 and the rope 5.

In the above embodiment, the brake device 8 that presses the brake pad 8A against the pulley 7 is used. However, when the brake pad 8A is driven with a long stroke, the brake pad 18A may be driven using a linearly movable motor. it can. In addition, the position of the brake device 8 can be changed, and the brake pad 18A can be pressed directly against the rope 5 to stop the rope 5. In the above embodiment, the pulley 7 and the brake device 8 are provided in the traversing portion of the car 1A. However, the pulley 7 and the brake device 8 may be installed in the lifting / lowering portion. 7, the rope 5 is rubbed and the temperature of the pulley 7 can be detected. When this temperature rise exceeds a predetermined value, the car is stopped to prevent the rope 5 from being burned out.

  A modification of the above embodiment is shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a brake device 8 is provided for each pulley 7. However, in this embodiment, one brake device 8 is provided for two pulleys 7, 7 located substantially at the center of the transverse portion. Are braked by this single brake device 8. Therefore, the brake pad 18 </ b> B is formed in an arc shape, and a recess corresponding to the shape of the roller 7 is formed at a position corresponding to the roller 7.

  Specifically, the case 21 is supported by a total of four connecting links 23 attached to two adjacent pulleys 7 and 7 in the center. The movable iron core 20 is located at the center of the case 21. The upper end of the movable iron core 20 is connected to the arc-shaped brake pad 18B. A long hole 23B is formed in an intermediate portion of the connecting link 23, and a pin 18C fixed to the brake pad 18B is fitted into the long hole 23B.

  When the energization of the solenoid coil 19 disposed in the case 21 is cut off, the movable iron core floats upward. At the same time, the spring 22 inserted into the connecting link pushes up the pin 18C. Since the long hole 23B is formed in the connecting link 23, the brake pad 18B can also slide upward. Moreover, since the groove is formed in the contact part with the pulley 7 of the brake pad 18B, a high frictional force is obtained. According to this modification, rotation of many pulleys 7 can be stopped with a small number of brake devices 8.

  Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, unlike the above embodiment, the car 1A is stopped using an emergency stop device used in a conventional elevator. A wedge 27 that is a combination of two wedge materials formed in a wedge shape is disposed on the lower end side of both sides of the car 1A. One end of the wedge material is connected to the lower end portion of the lifting rod 26, and the upper end portion of the lifting rod 26 is connected to the lateral rod 26B. Both the left and right lateral rods 26 </ b> B are connected to the push rod 28. A governor roller 24 is disposed near the push rod 28 and above the car 1A, and the governor roller 24 is pressed against the guide rail 9. An operating lever 25 is attached to the governor roller 24. An actuator (not shown) is connected to the push rod 28 via a clutch or the like, and the push rod can be driven in the vertical direction based on the detection signal of the traction force detection device shown in FIG.

  When the car 1A reaches the abnormal speed, the operating lever 25 attached to the governor roller 24 is separated from the center of the governor roller 24 by the centrifugal force and presses the push rod 28. When the push rod 28 is pushed, the lifting rod 26 is pulled up. A wedge-shaped wedge 27 attached to the pulling rod 26 is pressed against the guide rail 9 to stop the car 1A.

  The wedge 27 of this embodiment functions as a conventional emergency stop device as described above, but differs from the conventional one in that it also serves as an emergency stop when a traction abnormality occurs. When the traction force detection device shown in FIG. 3 detects a traction abnormality, the clutch connected to the push rod 28 connects the push rod 28 and the actuator, and drives the push rod 28. When the push rod 28 is driven, the pulling rod 26 is pulled up. Thereby, the wedge 27 is pressed against the guide rail 9. During normal operation, the clutch is disengaged, so that the operation as a normal emergency stop is not affected.

  In this embodiment, the actuator drives the push rod 28. However, a linear motor may be used for the actuator, and the operating lever 25 may be driven without contact. In this case, the clutch becomes unnecessary and there is no influence on the normal emergency stop operation.

  In this embodiment, emergency stop devices are installed on both sides of the car 1A to press the guide rail 9, but a wedge is provided on the rope fastening mechanism 6 shown in FIG. 1 to press the rope fastening mechanism guide rail 62. You can also do it. In this case, the emergency stop device can be operated not only in the raising / lowering part but also in a place where the guide rail 9 is not provided, such as a traversing part.

  According to this embodiment, in a lightly loaded car that travels independently without connecting the cars with a rope, if the car runs abnormally due to insufficient traction force or the like, the emergency stop device operates to stop the car urgently. Thereby, the collision between cages can be prevented.

1 is a front view of an embodiment of a circulation type multicar elevator according to the present invention. The front view of the cage | basket | car used for the circulation type multi-car elevator shown in FIG. The figure explaining the abnormality detection in the circulation type multi-car elevator shown in FIG. The side view of the brake device used for the circulation type multi-car elevator shown in FIG. The front view of the modification of the brake device used for a circulation type multi-car elevator. The front view of the other Example of the circulation type multi-car elevator which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A-1D ... Car, 2A-2D ... Drive wheel, 3A-3D ... Driven wheel, 4 ... Running rail, 5 ... Rope, 6A-6D ... Rope fastening mechanism, 7 ... Pulley, 8 ... Brake device, 9 ... Guide rail DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Guide roller, 12 ... Auxiliary roller, 13 ... Encoder, 14 ... Connecting rod, 15 ... Spring, 16 ... Distance sensor, 17 ... Pulley shaft, 18A, 18B ... Brake pad, 19 ... Solenoid coil, 20 ... Movable iron core , 21 ... case, 22 ... support spring, 23 ... connecting link, 24 ... governor roller, 25 ... actuating lever, 26 ... lifting rod, 27 ... wedge, 28 ... push rod, 61 ... guide roller, 62 ... guide rail.

Claims (3)

In a multi-car elevator that circulates multiple cars in a hoistway,
A traveling rail that guides the car and is formed in a loop;
A driving wheel and a driven wheel sandwiched between the traveling rails and attached to each car;
A drive source for driving the drive wheels;
A rope connecting at least one of the plurality of cages to form a loop;
Traction abnormality detection means for detecting the speed of the car and detecting that the traction capability has decreased;
A plurality of pulleys disposed at the upper and lower portions of the hoistway, and a plurality of pulleys for mounting the rope and traversing the rope and the cage;
A brake device attached to the pulley and stopping rotation of the plurality of pulleys;
And when the traction abnormality detection means detects that the traction capability has decreased, the brake device stops the rotation of the plurality of pulleys, generates a frictional force between the rope and the pulley, A multi-car elevator characterized by stopping the car. 2. The roller according to claim 1, further comprising a roller that is pressed against the traveling rail from the car side to detect the speed of the car, and the detection that the traction capability has decreased is detected by rotation of the drive wheel and the roller. A multi-car elevator characterized by the difference in speed . 2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the brake device includes a brake pad that forms a gap with the pulley in an energized state and is pressed against the pulley when energization is interrupted to prevent rotation of the pulley. Multi car elevator characterized by .

Images