JP2007302460A - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator device capable of safely braking an elevator car without enlarging a hoisting machine. <P>SOLUTION: A braking device for an elevator is an elevator device comprising the elevator car 4 elevated inside a hoistway 1; the hoisting machine 2 for elevating the elevator car 4; and a return wheel 5 rotated by a rope 3 and a counterweight 6 connected to the elevator car 4 by the rope 3. The hoisting machine 2 has a hoisting machine braking means 10 for braking the hoisting machine 2, and the return wheel 5 has a return wheel braking means 11 for braking the return wheel 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus that raises and lowers an elevator car in a hoistway, and relates to a technique for safely braking an elevator car.

In recent years, machine room-less elevators have been developed that eliminate the elevator machine room provided at the top of the hoistway due to problems such as the right to sunshine.
In such machine room-less elevators, in order to install the hoisting machine in the empty space of the hoistway, there is one in which a pinch type brake device that sandwiches a guide rail is arranged on the counterweight side (for example, Patent Document 1). ).
In addition, small hoisting machines are required for machine room-less elevators, and some have a brake in a cylindrical cavity of a driving pulley provided with a cable groove (for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-11-29280 (2nd to 3rd pages, FIG. 1) JP-A-10-127010 (2nd to 3rd pages, FIG. 1)

  In such a conventional elevator device, when the capacity of the elevator is increased and the speed is increased, the kinetic energy of the braking target increases, so the frictional heat increases on the braking surface of the brake device, and the brake device is caused by the friction material fading. There is a risk that the braking ability of the vehicle will be reduced. When there is such a thermal problem, it is conceivable to increase the heat capacity and the heat radiation capacity and suppress the temperature rise by increasing the size of the brake device. However, when the size of the brake device is increased, the entire hoisting machine is increased in size, which increases the manufacturing cost. Further, in the case of a machine room-less elevator, there is a problem that the installation space for the hoisting machine in the hoistway increases. On the other hand, if the braking force of the brake device is reduced in order to reduce the amount of heat generated per unit time, there is a problem that the braking time becomes longer or the braking distance becomes longer.

  In addition, when a pinching brake device that sandwiches a counterweight-side guide rail as in Patent Document 1 is provided on the counterweight, the guide rail serves as a braking surface, so that the hoisting machine serves as a braking surface. In addition, the heat capacity of the braking target increases and the heat dissipation area also increases. Therefore, since the cooling performance of the braking surface is improved, problems such as a decrease in braking performance due to an increase in frictional heat when the hoisting machine is used as a braking surface are unlikely to occur. However, when the guide rail is used as a braking surface, the anti-rust agent applied to the guide rail or the braking surface dirt (attachment of wear powder) generated by the sliding of the guide member installed on the counterweight side, It exhibits a lubricating action and may reduce the frictional force (braking force). Also, when the rust preventive agent is not applied or when the surface different from the sliding surface of the guide rail is used as a braking surface, the material and shape of the guide rail are special, which increases the manufacturing cost. is there.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and even when the capacity of the elevator is increased and the speed thereof is increased, the elevator car can be braked safely without increasing the size of the hoisting machine. It aims at obtaining the elevator apparatus which can be performed.

  An elevator apparatus according to the present invention is an elevator apparatus that includes an elevator car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a hoist that raises and lowers the elevator car, a counterweight connected to the elevator car and a rope, and a return wheel that rotates by the rope. The hoisting machine has hoisting machine brake means for braking the hoisting machine, and the return wheel has return wheel brake means for braking the return wheel.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator apparatus that can safely brake an elevator car without increasing the size of the hoisting machine.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are the same or equivalent, and this is common throughout the entire specification.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator apparatus includes an elevator car 4 that moves up and down in the hoistway 1 and a counterweight 6 that also moves up and down in the hoistway 1. The elevator car 4 and the counterweight 6 are connected via a rope 3, and a hoisting machine 2 and a return wheel 5 are arranged in the middle of the rope 3. The hoisting machine 2 is installed at the top of a region where the elevator car 4 moves up and down, and has a sheave 51 around which the rope 3 is wound. By rotating the sheave 51, the counterweight 6 and the elevator car 4 are counterbalanced. And raise and lower. The return wheel 5 around which the rope 3 is wound is installed at the top of the area where the counterweight 6 moves up and down, so that the area where the elevator car 4 moves up and down does not overlap the area where the counterweight 6 moves up and down. ing. The hoisting machine 2 has a hoisting machine brake means 10 for braking the hoisting machine 2, and the return wheel 5 has a return wheel brake means 11 for braking the return wheel 5. For the hoisting machine brake means 10, for example, a friction brake such as a drum brake or a disk brake is used.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the return wheel brake means of the elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the return wheel brake means 11 is a disc brake type friction brake. The return wheel 5 and the brake disc 41 have a rotary shaft 31 passing through the center thereof, and both ends of the rotary shaft 31 are rotatably supported by a support base 32 via bearings (not shown). The brake arm 43 is disposed so as to sandwich the brake disc 41, and a resin friction material 42 is installed at an end portion of the brake arm 43 that contacts the brake disc 41. At the other end of the brake arm 43, a pressing spring 45 that presses the friction material 42 against the brake disc 41 and an electromagnetic magnet 44 that releases the braking force are installed. The braking force of the return wheel brake means 11 is generated by pressing the friction material 42 against the brake disc 41 via the brake arm 43 by the spring force generated by the pressing spring 45.

  Since the return wheel brake means 11 shown in FIG. 2 is a disc type brake, it has better thermal diffusibility than a drum type brake and is easy to maintain. Further, a stable braking force can be obtained, and there is an effect that reliability is high. Further, since a separate brake disk 41 having the same rotating shaft as that of the return wheel 5 is provided, the brake disk 41 and the friction material 42 can be rubbed together before the return wheel 5 is assembled. It can be done easily.

  On the other hand, the return wheel 5 and the brake disc 41 may be integrated to form a brake braking surface that presses the side surface of the return wheel 5 against the friction material 42. When the side portion of the return wheel 5 is a brake braking surface, the overall configuration of the return wheel brake means 11 can be made smaller than when the return wheel 5 and the brake disc 41 are separated from each other. Cost can also be reduced.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the control unit of the brake means in the elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the elevator apparatus includes a brake control means 21 that controls the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the return wheel brake means 11 in the hoistway 1, and the elevator car 4 exceeds the speed. And an abnormality detecting means 22 for detecting an abnormality of the elevator system such as a door failure and an excess weight. The brake control means 21 is electrically connected to the hoisting machine brake means 10, the return wheel brake means 11, and the abnormality detection means 22. Moreover, the brake control means 21 should just be installed in the empty space in the hoistway 1, and the position is not specifically limited.

  Next, the operation of the elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. By driving the hoist 2 to rotate, the rope 3 is sent by the traction force acting between the sheave 51 and the rope 3, and the elevator car 4 and the counterweight 6 are moved up and down. At this time, the return wheel 5 is driven to rotate following the feed of the rope 3 by the frictional force between the rope 3 and the return wheel 5. For example, when the hoist 2 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, the rope 3 is sent to the counterweight 6 side, and the elevator car 4 is raised. Conversely, when the hoist 2 rotates counterclockwise, the rope 3 is sent to the elevator car 4 side, and the elevator car 4 descends.

  When stopping the elevator car 4 at a predetermined floor, after the rotation of the hoisting machine 2 stops, the brake control means 21 operates the hoisting machine brake means 10 to mechanically prevent the sheave 51 from rotating. And the elevator car 4 is held stationary.

  On the other hand, when the abnormality detection unit 22 detects an abnormality in the elevator system (abnormal stop), the abnormality detection unit 22 transmits an abnormality detection signal to the brake control unit 21. The brake control means 21 that has received the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means 22 operates both the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the return vehicle brake means 11 simultaneously, and brakes the elevator car 4.

  In the above-described operation, the braking force of the hoisting machine brake means 10 can at least hold the elevator car 4 in a stationary state, and the braking force is generated by the frictional heat generated on the braking surface during an abnormal stop. It is set to a value that does not cause a drop in force and damage to the equipment mounted in the hoist 2. The braking force of the return wheel brake means 11 is the sum of the braking force of the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the elevator car 4 is braked for a braking time and a braking distance that can ensure the safety of the passenger at the time of abnormal stop. It is set so that the braking force can be braked.

  In the elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the hoisting machine 2 has the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the return wheel 5 has the returning car brake means 11, so that the speed of the elevator apparatus is increased. Alternatively, even when the capacity is increased and the frictional heat generated on the braking surface is increased, the frictional heat acting on the braking surface is distributed to two places, the hoisting machine 2 and the return wheel 5, and the braking ability due to the frictional material fading is reduced. There is no drop, and the elevator car 4 can be braked safely. Moreover, damage to the equipment due to heat can be prevented, and the reliability of the elevator apparatus can be improved. Furthermore, since the brake means is distributed between the hoisting machine 2 and the return wheel 5, the hoisting machine 2 can be reduced in size, and the degree of freedom in installing the hoisting machine 2 in an empty space in the hoistway 1 is increased. To increase. In the elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the brake control means 21 operates the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the return wheel brake means 11 when the abnormality detection means 22 detects an abnormality in the elevator apparatus. Therefore, the elevator car 4 can be braked safely.

  Further, the hoisting machine 2 is provided at the top of the area where the elevator car 4 moves up and down, and the return wheel 5 is provided at the top of the area where the counterweight 6 moves up and down. However, as long as the elevator car 4 and the counterweight 6 can be moved up and down and the area where the elevator car 4 moves up and down and the area where the counterweight 6 moves up and down do not overlap, the arrangement is limited to the above arrangement. It is not something.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the elevator apparatus shown in the first embodiment, the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the return wheel brake means 11 are simultaneously operated during an abnormal stop. The elevator apparatus shown in the second embodiment is configured to provide a time difference between the start of the operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the start of the operation of the return wheel brake means 11 at the time of an abnormal stop. . Other configurations and functions are the same as those of the elevator apparatus shown in the first embodiment.

  In the elevator apparatus shown in the second embodiment, when the brake control means 21 receives an abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means 22, the hoisting machine brake means 10 is first operated, and then returned with a time difference. The vehicle brake means 11 is operated. The time difference between the start of the operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the start of the operation of the return car brake means 11 is set so that the operation of the return car brake means 11 starts before the elevator car 4 stops. Is done.

  In the elevator apparatus shown in the second embodiment, there is a time difference between the start of the operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 and the start of the operation of the return wheel brake means 11, so that the hoisting machine brake means 10 and Compared with the case where the two brake means of the return vehicle brake means 11 operate simultaneously, the braking force acts in a stepwise manner and the braking shock (deceleration acceleration) can be reduced.

  In the elevator apparatus shown in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the brake operation of the return wheel brake means 11 is operated to be delayed with respect to the hoisting machine brake means 10. However, the same effect can be obtained even if the brake operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 is delayed with respect to the brake operation of the return wheel brake means 11.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the elevator apparatus shown in the first embodiment, one return wheel having a return wheel brake means is provided. In the elevator apparatus shown in the third embodiment, two return wheels each having return wheel brake means are provided. Other configurations and functions are the same as those of the elevator apparatus shown in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the elevator apparatus shown in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, the hoisting machine 2 and the two return wheels 5 and 7 are provided in the middle of connecting the elevator car 4 and the counterweight 6. Yes. The first return wheel 5 is provided at the top of the area where the counterweight 6 is raised and lowered, and the second return wheel 7 is provided at the top of the area where the elevator car 4 is raised and lowered. The first return wheel 5 and the second return wheel 7 are provided. The second return wheel 7 has second return wheel brake means 12 for braking the second return wheel 7, and, like the first return wheel 5, the rope 3, the second return wheel 7, Is driven to rotate following the feed of the rope 3.

  The brake control means 21 is electrically connected to the hoisting machine brake means 10, the first return wheel brake means 11, the second return wheel brake means 12, and the abnormality detection means 22. When the brake control means 21 receives the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means 22, the brake control means 21 simultaneously operates the hoisting machine brake 10, the first return wheel brake means 11, and the second return wheel brake means 12. Let

  In the elevator apparatus shown in the third embodiment, since a plurality of return wheels having return wheel brake means are provided, frictional heat due to braking per brake means can be further reduced. Moreover, the structure of the brake means for return vehicles can be reduced in size, and the freedom degree at the time of installing a return vehicle in the empty space in the hoistway 1 increases.

  In the elevator apparatus shown in the third embodiment, two return wheels having a return vehicle brake means are used, but two or more return vehicles, that is, a plurality of return vehicles may be provided. Since there are a plurality of return wheels having the return wheel brake means, it is possible to further reduce the frictional heat due to braking per one brake means.

  In the elevator apparatus shown in the third embodiment, the first return wheel 5 is provided at the top of the area where the counterweight 6 is raised and lowered, and the second return wheel 7 is the area where the elevator car 4 is raised and lowered. It is assumed that the hoisting machine 2 is provided between the first return wheel 5 and the second return wheel 7. However, as long as the elevator car 4 and the counterweight 6 can be moved up and down and the area where the elevator car 4 moves up and down and the area where the counterweight 6 moves up and down do not overlap, the arrangement is limited to the above arrangement. It is not something.

  Further, when the brake control means 21 receives the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means 22, the hoisting machine brake 10, the first return wheel brake means 11, and the second return wheel brake means 12 are simultaneously operated. It was supposed to work. However, as shown in the second embodiment, at the start of the operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 and at the start of the operations of the first return wheel brake means 11 and the second return wheel brake means 12. A time difference may be provided. Further, when the operation of the hoisting machine brake means 10 is started, the operation of the first returning wheel brake means 11 and the operation of the second returning wheel brake means 12 are started in order with a time difference. May be started. Compared with the case where the brake means operate simultaneously, the braking force acts in a stepwise manner, and the braking shock (deceleration acceleration) can be mitigated.

It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the brake means for return vehicles of the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the control part of the brake means in the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 hoistway, 2 hoisting machine, 3 rope, 4 elevator car, 5 return car, 6 counterweight, 7 return car, 10 hoisting machine brake means, 11 return car brake means, 12 return car brake means , 21 Brake control means, 22 Abnormality detection means, 31 Rotating shaft, 32 Support base, 41 Brake disk, 42 Friction material, 43 Brake arm, 44 Electromagnetic magnet, 45 Pressing member, 51 Sheave.

Claims (6)

Elevator car that goes up and down in the hoistway,
A hoisting machine for raising and lowering the elevator car;
An elevator apparatus comprising a counterweight connected to the elevator car and a rope and a return wheel rotated by the rope,
The hoisting machine has hoisting machine brake means for braking the hoisting machine,
The return vehicle has an return vehicle brake means for braking the return vehicle. Brake control means for controlling hoisting machine brake means and return wheel brake means,
And an abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of the elevator apparatus,
The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the brake control means operates the hoisting machine brake means and the return wheel brake means when the abnormality detection means detects an abnormality of the elevator apparatus. . 3. The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the brake control means provides a time difference between the start of the operation of the hoisting machine brake means and the start of the operation of the return wheel brake means. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the return wheel brake means is a disc type brake. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a plurality of return wheels having a return wheel brake means. The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hoisting machine is disposed in a hoistway.

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