JP2010121000A - Fuel oil-modifying additive and method for modifying fuel oil - Google Patents
Fuel oil-modifying additive and method for modifying fuel oil Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、燃料油改質添加剤およびその改質方法に関する。さらに詳細には、本発明の添加剤を各燃料油に添加すると着火性、燃焼性が改善されて、燃料消費量が大幅に低減し、排気ガスが浄化され、さらに燃焼室が浄化されて、障害の発生を防止することができる燃料油改質添加剤および燃料油改質方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fuel oil reforming additive and a reforming method thereof. More particularly, the additive ignitability and added to the fuel oil of the present invention, has improved combustion resistance, fuel consumption is greatly reduced, the exhaust gas is purified, is further combustion chamber is clean The present invention relates to a fuel oil reforming additive and a fuel oil reforming method capable of preventing the occurrence of trouble.
従来より、燃料油の添加剤として燃焼促進剤、酸化防止剤、清浄剤、金属不活性剤、煤煙防止剤あるいはセタン価向上剤など数多くの提案がされているが、いずれも化学薬品、界面活性剤、金属セッケンなどを主にするもので、その性能は一部の目的に限定されている。
また、燃料消費量の低減を目的とした燃料油添加剤としては、特許文献１（特開２００７−５６１３０号広報）に特定のジアミド化合物が燃料油添加物として提案されているが、その燃料消費量削減効果は顕著ではない。さらに、特許文献２（特開２００７−１８６５３４号広報）にＬ−メントールとパラフィンの混合物を放射線で処理した炭化水素系燃料油添加剤が提案されているが、放射線処理に長い時間を要するという問題点がある上に、必要とされる添加量が多い。
In addition, as a fuel oil additive for the purpose of reducing fuel consumption, a specific diamide compound is proposed as a fuel oil additive in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-56130). The amount reduction effect is not remarkable. Further, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-186534) proposes a hydrocarbon-based fuel oil additive obtained by treating a mixture of L-menthol and paraffin with radiation. However, the radiation treatment takes a long time. Besides the point, a large amount of addition is required.
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するものであり、その目的は極微量の貴金属系添加剤により燃料油の着火性、燃焼性を改善して燃料消費量を低減し、排気ガスを浄化し、さらに燃焼室を浄化してトラブルを防ぎ、かつ副作用がなく、ＣＯ２削減および環境浄化に寄与する燃料油改質添加剤および燃料油改質方法を提供することである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to improve fuel oil ignitability and combustibility with a trace amount of noble metal-based additives to reduce fuel consumption, purify exhaust gas, It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel oil reforming additive and a fuel oil reforming method that purify the combustion chamber to prevent troubles and that have no side effects and contribute to CO 2 reduction and environmental purification.
本発明は、１００ｍｌあたり、（a）コロイド状銀を５０〜１２５ｍｇ（銀換算）、（b）コロイド状白金および/またはパラジウムを１〜２.５ｍｇ（当該貴金属換算）、ならびに（c）親水性有機溶媒および水からなる分散媒を含有する燃料油改質添加剤に関する。
次に、本発明は、上記燃料油用改質剤を、燃料油に対し０．０４〜０.０８重量％添加して混合する燃料油改質方法に関する。
The present invention comprises (a) colloidal silver in an amount of 50 to 125 mg (in terms of silver), (b) colloidal platinum and / or palladium in an amount of 1 to 2.5 mg (in terms of the noble metal), and (c) hydrophilicity per 100 ml. The present invention relates to a fuel oil reforming additive containing a dispersion medium composed of an organic solvent and water.
Next, the present invention relates to a fuel oil reforming method in which 0.04 to 0.08 wt% of the fuel oil modifier is added to and mixed with the fuel oil.
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤は、燃料油の細分子化および酸化の抑止により、霧化時（空気と混合する）の粒子がより微細になり、燃料の着火性および燃焼性が改善され、その結果、出力が向上し、大幅に燃料を節約できる。また、燃焼性の改善により、燃料の後燃え期間が短くなって排気温度が下がり、着火性と相俟って排気中のＣＯ、ＨＣ（ハイドロカーボン）、ＰＭ（粒子状物質）等が減少し、さらに白金の触媒効果により排気中のＮＯＸも減少する。
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤を自動車用燃料に使用した場合は、燃料消費量が１０〜３０％と大幅に減少し、排ガス中のＣＯ、ＨＣ、ＰＭ、ＮＯＸも減少する。また、ボイラーに使用した場合は、二次空気量を５〜１５％絞ることができるため、排気熱量が減少して１０％以上の燃料消費量の節約になり、排ガスも浄化できる。
以上のように、本発明の燃料油改質剤を燃料油に添加すると、大きな省エネを実現し、さらに燃料消費量の減少は、すなわちＣＯ２削減につながり、経済効果および環境浄化をもたらすものである。
The fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention has finer particles during atomization (mixed with air) due to the refinement of fuel oil and the suppression of oxidation, improving the ignitability and combustibility of fuel. As a result, output is improved and fuel can be saved significantly. In addition, improvement in combustibility shortens the afterburn period of fuel, lowers the exhaust temperature, and in combination with ignitability, reduces CO, HC (hydrocarbon), PM (particulate matter), etc. in the exhaust. Furthermore, NO X in the exhaust gas also decreases due to the catalytic effect of platinum.
When using fuel oil modifying additive of the present invention in automotive fuel, fuel consumption is reduced significantly and 10 to 30%, CO in the exhaust gas, HC, PM, NO X is also reduced. Further, when used in a boiler, the amount of secondary air can be reduced by 5 to 15%, so the amount of exhaust heat is reduced and fuel consumption is saved by 10% or more, and exhaust gas can also be purified.
As described above, when the fuel oil modifier of the present invention is added to the fuel oil, a great energy saving is realized, and further, the reduction of the fuel consumption leads to the reduction of CO 2 and brings about the economic effect and the environmental purification. is there.
（a）コロイド状銀
本発明の（a）コロイド状銀は、酸素と親和性があり、コロイド状銀に吸着した酸素は活性な分子状酸素になり、このエネルギーにより燃料分子のクラスターが分断されて小さくなり、また燃料の酸化進行を図るラジカルを消去してクラスターの拡大を防ぎ、霧化時の霧をより微細にして着火性、燃焼性を改善するものと考えられる。
(A) Colloidal silver The (a) colloidal silver of the present invention has an affinity for oxygen, and the oxygen adsorbed on the colloidal silver becomes active molecular oxygen, and this energy breaks up the cluster of fuel molecules. It is thought that the radicals that promote the oxidation of the fuel are eliminated to prevent the cluster from expanding, and the mist at the time of atomization is made finer to improve ignitability and combustibility.
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤中の（a）コロイド状銀の含有量は、本発明の組成物１００ｍｌに対して５０〜１２５ｍｇ（銀換算）、好ましくは７０〜１００ｍｇ（銀換算）である。５０ｍｇ未満であると効果が低すぎ、一方、１２５ｍｇを超えると添加量を増やしても効果は変わらず好ましくない。 The content of (a) colloidal silver in the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention is 50 to 125 mg (silver equivalent), preferably 70 to 100 mg (silver equivalent) with respect to 100 ml of the composition of the present invention. . If the amount is less than 50 mg, the effect is too low. On the other hand, if it exceeds 125 mg, the effect is not changed even if the addition amount is increased.
コロイド状銀の微粒子の粒径は特に限定されないが、２０ｎｍ以下の平均粒径を有する微粒子を用いることができ、好ましくは５〜１０ｎｍであるが、さらに細かな微粒子を用いることも可能である。 The particle diameter of the colloidal silver fine particles is not particularly limited, but fine particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or less can be used, preferably 5 to 10 nm, but finer fine particles can also be used.
コロイド状銀を製造する方法としては酸化銀をタンニンにより還元する方法、酸化銀を水素ガスで還元する方法、あるいはＣａｒｅｙ Ｌｅａ法、ブンゼン灯の炎を当てて還元する方法などがあり、特にＣａｒｅｙ Ｌｅａ法（Am. J. Sci., 37,476. (1889)）が広く知られている。 As a method for producing colloidal silver, there are a method in which silver oxide is reduced with tannin, a method in which silver oxide is reduced with hydrogen gas, a Carey Lea method, a method in which a bunsen lamp flame is applied, and a Carey Lea in particular. The law (Am. J. Sci., 37,476. (1889)) is widely known.
Ｃａｒｅｙ Ｌｅａ法の概要は以下の通りである。
硝酸銀水溶液にクエン酸ナトリウム水溶液と硫酸鉄(II)水溶液の混合液を加え、激しく攪拌して、３時間前後静置することにより酸化銀の沈殿を得る。この上澄み液を除去した後に水を加えていくと、コロイド状銀分散液が容易に製造できる。なお、本発明に用いる（a）コロイド状銀分散液の濃度は、１００ｍｌあたり１〜２ｇ（銀換算）であることが好ましい。コロイド状銀の含有率が高いものを用いると、コロイド状銀含有液の使用量が少なくなり、燃料油改質添加剤を調整する際に相対的に親水性有機溶媒を多く加えることができるため、結果として燃料中にコロイド状銀が分散しやすくなり、より好ましい。
The outline of the Carey Lea method is as follows.
A mixed solution of a sodium citrate aqueous solution and an iron (II) sulfate aqueous solution is added to the silver nitrate aqueous solution, and the mixture is vigorously stirred and left to stand for about 3 hours to obtain a silver oxide precipitate. If water is added after removing the supernatant, a colloidal silver dispersion can be easily produced. In addition, it is preferable that the density | concentration of (a) colloidal silver dispersion liquid used for this invention is 1-2g (silver conversion) per 100 ml. When a high colloidal silver content is used, the amount of colloidal silver-containing liquid used is reduced, and a relatively large amount of hydrophilic organic solvent can be added when adjusting the fuel oil reforming additive. As a result, colloidal silver is easily dispersed in the fuel, which is more preferable.
（b）コロイド状貴金属
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤の（b）コロイド状貴金属は、コロイド状白金および/またはコロイド状パラジウムである。
（b）コロイド状貴金属は、自体の体積の数百倍の水素および酸素を吸蔵して、これが原子状になって非常に活性に富んでおり、銀同様、燃料分子のクラスターを小さくし、酸化を防止するもので、銀との大きな電位差も関与して相乗効果が大きくなっている。さらに白金は、その触媒作用により排ガスの浄化、とくにＮＯＸの除去に大きく寄与するものと考えられる。
(B) Colloidal noble metal The (b) colloidal noble metal of the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention is colloidal platinum and / or colloidal palladium.
(B) Colloidal noble metals occlude hydrogen and oxygen several hundred times their own volume, they become atomic and are highly active, and like silver, they reduce the cluster of fuel molecules and oxidize The synergistic effect is increased because of the large potential difference with silver. Further platinum, the catalytic purification of the exhaust gas by, in particular, considered to contribute significantly to the removal of NO X.
（b）コロイド状貴金属を構成する微粒子は、２種の貴金属を含んでいてもよい。また、少なくとも１種の貴金属を含む合金の微粒子、あるいは１種または２種の貴金属の微粒子と貴金属以外の１種または２種の金属の微粒子を含む混合物を用いることもできる。これらのうち好ましいのは白金である。
（b）コロイド状貴金属の含有量は、本発明の燃料油改質添加剤１００ｍｌに対して１〜２.５ｍｇ（当該貴金属換算）、好ましくは１．５〜２ｍｇ（当該貴金属換算）である。１ｍｇ未満であると効果が低すぎ、一方、２．５ｍｇを超えると添加量を増やしても効果は変わらず、コスト高になるため、好ましくない。
(B) The fine particles constituting the colloidal noble metal may contain two kinds of noble metals. In addition, a fine particle of an alloy containing at least one kind of noble metal, or a mixture containing fine particles of one or two kinds of noble metal and fine particles of one or two kinds of metals other than the noble metal may be used. Of these, platinum is preferred.
(B) The content of the colloidal noble metal is 1 to 2.5 mg (in terms of the noble metal), preferably 1.5 to 2 mg (in terms of the noble metal) with respect to 100 ml of the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention. If the amount is less than 1 mg, the effect is too low. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 2.5 mg, the effect is not changed even if the amount added is increased, and the cost increases.
また、（b）コロイド状貴金属の微粒子としては、比表面積が大きく、表面反応性に優れたコロイド状態を形成可能な微粒子が好ましい。微粒子の粒径は特に限定されないが、コロイド状白金であれば平均粒径が３〜１０ｎｍ、コロイド状パラジウムであれば平均粒径１０〜２０ｎｍであることが好ましいが、さらに細かな微粒子を用いることも可能である。 Further, (b) the colloidal noble metal fine particles are preferably fine particles having a large specific surface area and capable of forming a colloidal state excellent in surface reactivity. The particle size of the fine particles is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the average particle size is 3 to 10 nm for colloidal platinum, and the average particle size is 10 to 20 nm for colloidal palladium, but finer fine particles should be used. Is also possible.
コロイド状白金を製造する方法としては、ブンゼン灯の炎を当てて還元する方法、白金線を用いるブレディッヒ法、クエン酸ナトリウムを使用する方法などを用いることができるが、特にクエン酸ナトリウムを用いる方法が好ましい。 As a method for producing colloidal platinum, a method of reducing by applying a Bunsen lamp flame, a Breedig method using a platinum wire, a method using sodium citrate, etc. can be used. Is preferred.
以下に、クエン酸ナトリウム法を概説する。
煮沸して水中の溶存酸素を除いた純水に塩化白金酸水溶液を加え、再び煮沸し、クエン酸ナトリウム水溶液を加えてさらに煮沸すると、液色が黄淡色から褐色へと変化し、２〜３時間の煮沸の後には最終的に黒色になる。このコロイド状白金を濃縮することにより、所望の濃度のコロイド状白金分散液を作成することができる。本発明の材料として好適なコロイド状白金分散液は、分散液１００ｍｌ中１３〜２０ｍｇ（白金換算）のコロイド状白金を含有する分散液である。
The sodium citrate method is outlined below.
When boiling and adding pure chloroplatinic acid solution to pure water excluding dissolved oxygen in water, boiling again, adding sodium citrate aqueous solution and further boiling, the liquid color changes from pale yellow to brown. After boiling for hours, it will eventually turn black. By concentrating the colloidal platinum, a colloidal platinum dispersion having a desired concentration can be prepared. A colloidal platinum dispersion suitable as the material of the present invention is a dispersion containing 13 to 20 mg (in terms of platinum) of colloidal platinum in 100 ml of the dispersion.
コロイド状のパラジウムは、次の方法で製造することができる。
まず、プロタブリン酸ナトリウム水溶液に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を少し過剰に加え、これに無水の塩化パラジウム（ＰｄＣｌ２）水溶液を徐々に加えると赤褐色の透明な溶液が得られる。これに水加ヒドラジン（ＮＨ２・ＮＨ２・Ｈ２Ｏ）を少量加えると反応が起こって窒素の気泡により泡立ってくる。これを約３時間放置して反応を終結させてから、得られた黒色の水溶液を透析にかけて過剰の水酸化ナトリウム、ヒドラジンおよび生成した塩化ナトリウムを完全に除去すると安定なコロイド状パラジウムが得られる。このコロイド状パラジウムを濃縮することにより、所望の濃度のコロイド状パラジウム分散液を作成することができる。本発明の材料として好適なコロイド状パラジウム分散液は、分散液１００ｍｌ中１５〜２０ｍｇ（パラジウム換算）のコロイド状パラジウムを含有する分散液である。
Colloidal palladium can be produced by the following method.
First, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added to a sodium protabrate aqueous solution in a little excess, and an anhydrous palladium chloride (PdCl 2 ) aqueous solution is gradually added thereto to obtain a reddish brown transparent solution. When a small amount of hydrazine hydrate (NH 2 · NH 2 · H 2 O) is added thereto, the reaction occurs and bubbles are generated due to nitrogen bubbles. This is allowed to stand for about 3 hours to terminate the reaction, and then the resulting black aqueous solution is dialyzed to completely remove excess sodium hydroxide, hydrazine and produced sodium chloride, whereby stable colloidal palladium is obtained. By concentrating the colloidal palladium, a colloidal palladium dispersion having a desired concentration can be prepared. A colloidal palladium dispersion suitable as the material of the present invention is a dispersion containing 15 to 20 mg (in terms of palladium) of colloidal palladium in 100 ml of the dispersion.
（c）分散媒
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤の分散媒には、上記コロイド液由来の水以外に、コロイド状銀等のコロイド状粒子を燃料中に均一にかつ安定して分散させるための親水性有機溶媒が含まれる。親水性有機溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノールを用いることができ、１種でも２種を併用することもできる。これらの親水性有機溶媒は、上記コロイド状銀等の調製後に、コロイド液の使用量に応じて添加量を調整することができる。（c）分散媒中の親水性有機溶媒の割合は７６〜８６重量％、水の割合は１４〜２４重量％であることが好ましい。また、本発明の燃料油改質添加剤中の最終的な分散媒の含有量は、（a）〜（c）成分の合計量が１００重量部となる量である。
(C) Dispersion medium In addition to the water derived from the colloidal liquid, colloidal particles such as colloidal silver are uniformly and stably dispersed in the fuel in the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention. Of hydrophilic organic solvents. As the hydrophilic organic solvent, methanol and ethanol can be used, and one kind or two kinds can be used in combination. The amount of these hydrophilic organic solvents can be adjusted after the preparation of the colloidal silver or the like according to the amount of the colloidal solution used. (C) It is preferable that the ratio of the hydrophilic organic solvent in a dispersion medium is 76 to 86 weight%, and the ratio of water is 14 to 24 weight%. The final dispersion medium content in the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention is such that the total amount of the components (a) to (c) is 100 parts by weight.
なお、必要により、（d）その他の添加剤も添加することができる。（d）その他の添加剤としては、界面活性剤、金属石けんなどの公知の添加剤を必要に応じて用いることができる。また、（d）その他の添加剤は、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で任意の量を添加することができる。 If necessary, (d) other additives can also be added. (D) As other additives, known additives such as surfactants and metal soaps can be used as necessary. Further, (d) other additives can be added in any amount within a range not impairing the object of the present invention.
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤を調製するには、以上のような（a）〜（c）成分、あるいは（a）〜（d）成分を混合するが、この場合の混合方法は、（a）〜（c）成分、あるいは（a）〜（d）成分を同時に混合することができる。
本発明の組成物は、高速撹拌機、その他の分散機により分散させ、均一な安定性の良い分散液とすることができる。
In order to prepare the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention, the above components (a) to (c), or the components (a) to (d) are mixed. Components a) to (c) or components (a) to (d) can be mixed at the same time.
The composition of the present invention can be dispersed with a high-speed stirrer or other disperser to obtain a uniform and stable dispersion.
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤は、ガソリン、灯油、軽油、Ａ重油、Ｂ重油、Ｃ重油、ジェット燃料、アルコール及びこれらと植物油などの混合燃料など、あらゆる種類の燃料油に添加することができる。本発明の燃料油改質添加剤は、燃料油に対し０．０４〜０.０８重量％、好ましくは０．０５〜０．０６重量％添加することができる。燃料油改質添加剤の添加量が０．０４重量％未満であると効果が低すぎ、一方、０．０８重量％を超えると添加量を増やしても効果は変わらず、好ましくない。 The fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention can be added to all kinds of fuel oils such as gasoline, kerosene, light oil, A heavy oil, B heavy oil, C heavy oil, jet fuel, alcohol and mixed fuels such as these and vegetable oil. it can. The fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention can be added in an amount of 0.04 to 0.08% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 0.06% by weight, based on the fuel oil. If the addition amount of the fuel oil reforming additive is less than 0.04% by weight, the effect is too low. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.08% by weight, the effect is not changed even if the addition amount is increased.
以下、実施例を挙げ、本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、特許請求の範囲を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例中、部および％は、特に断らない限り重量基準である。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further more concretely, this invention is not limited to a following example, unless the range of a claim is exceeded.
In the examples, parts and% are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
なお、燃焼性試験については、Ｆｕｅｌｔｅｃｈ社製の燃料着火性試験機ＦＩＡ−１００を用いて、圧力２．０ＭＰａ、温度４５０℃で満たした定容燃焼室内に燃料を噴射し、下記の項目について測定を行った。なお、１サンプルにつき１２回の測定を行い、はじめの２回分の測定値を棄却し、残りの１０回分をデータとして採用した。
着火遅れ：
燃焼室内圧力が初圧から０．０１ＩＰ（ＩＰ：燃焼最高圧力≒１．０ＭＰａ）上昇するまでの時間
主燃焼開始：
燃焼室内圧力が初圧から０.１ＩＰ上昇するまでの時間
着火〜主燃焼期間：
主燃焼開始から着火遅れを引いた数値
全燃焼期間：
燃料噴射開始から９０％燃焼終わりまでの時間
主燃焼期間：
全燃焼期間から主燃焼開始を引いた数値
ＦＩＡセタン価：
着火遅れより算出
発熱量：
燃焼室内の圧力変化から算出された熱発生率から算出
最大圧力上昇点：
熱発生率が最高になる時点は最大発熱率時間ＭＲＴ（Max ROH time）
後燃え期間：
熱発生率が最高になってから燃焼終わりまでの時間
For the flammability test, fuel was injected into a constant volume combustion chamber filled with a pressure of 2.0 MPa and a temperature of 450 ° C. using a fuel ignition tester FIA-100 manufactured by Fueltech, and the following items were measured. Went. In addition, 12 measurements were performed per sample, the first two measurements were rejected, and the remaining 10 measurements were used as data.
Ignition delay:
Time until the pressure in the combustion chamber increases by 0.01 IP (IP: maximum combustion pressure≈1.0 MPa) from the initial pressure Start of main combustion:
Time required for combustion chamber pressure to rise by 0.1 IP from initial pressure Ignition to main combustion period:
Numerical value of ignition start minus ignition delay Total combustion period:
Time from the start of fuel injection to the end of 90% combustion Main combustion period:
Value obtained by subtracting the start of main combustion from the entire combustion period FIA cetane number:
Calculated from the ignition delay
Calculated from heat release rate calculated from pressure change in combustion chamber Maximum pressure rise point:
Maximum heat generation time MRT (Max ROH time) when the heat generation rate reaches the maximum
Afterburning period:
Time from the maximum heat release rate to the end of combustion
添加剤ＣＩ−Ａの調製
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤の性能を調べるため、添加剤ＣＩ−Ａを作成した。
まず、容器に予め作成したコロイド状銀の分散液５０ｍｌ（銀換算：７９０ｍｇ）をいれ、これに作成したコロイド状白金の分散液１５０ｍｌ（白金換算：２０ｍｇ）を加え、軽く攪拌した後、メタノールを８００ｍｌ加え、再度軽く攪拌混合して、添加剤ＣＩ−Ａ１,０００ｍｌを作成した。
Preparation of additive CI-A In order to investigate the performance of the fuel oil reforming additive of the present invention, additive CI-A was prepared.
First, 50 ml of a colloidal silver dispersion prepared in advance (silver conversion: 790 mg) was added to a container, 150 ml of the colloidal platinum dispersion prepared (platinum conversion: 20 mg) was added thereto, and after stirring gently, methanol was added. 800 ml was added, and lightly stirred and mixed again to make 1,000 ml of additive CI-A.
実施例１
ＣＩ−Ａを軽油に０．０６重量％添加したもの（「ＣＩ−２００」とする）を作成し、無添加の軽油との着火性について比較実験を行った。
Example 1
A sample obtained by adding 0.06% by weight of CI-A to light oil (referred to as “CI-200”) was prepared, and a comparative experiment was conducted on the ignitability with no added light oil.
表１の結果から、「ＣＩ−２００」は、着火に関して、セタン価が３.１と大きく向上している。最高熱発生率（燃焼速度）が増加し、全燃焼期間と後燃え期間が低減して良く燃焼している。これは高速ディーゼル期間のような高い燃焼速度が要求される機関では熱効率が向上し、排気ガスが清浄化され、排気ガス中のＴＨＣ（全炭化水素）、ＰＭ、ＣＯの排出量が低減することを表している。 From the results in Table 1, “CI-200” has a greatly improved cetane number of 3.1 with respect to ignition. The maximum heat generation rate (combustion rate) is increased, and the total combustion period and the afterburning period are reduced, and the fuel is well combusted. This is because in engines that require a high combustion speed, such as in a high-speed diesel period, thermal efficiency is improved, exhaust gas is cleaned, and emissions of THC (total hydrocarbons), PM, and CO in the exhaust gas are reduced. Represents.
実施例２
次に、ＣＩ−ＡをＡ重油に０．０７重量％添加したもの（「ＣＩ−３００」とする）を作成し、Ｆｕｅｌｔｅｃｈ社製の燃料着火性試験機ＦＩＡ−１００を用いて無添加のＡ重油との比較実験を行った。この結果を図１に示す。
図１から、「ＣＩ−３００」は、最高熱発生率（燃焼速度）の上昇が顕著であり、これをボイラー用に使用した場合には二次空気量を減少させることが可能になり（５〜１５％）、これにより燃料消費量は１０％前後減少する。また、排気ガスの浄化、それに伴う炉内の汚れの減少、排気ガス中のＴＨＣ、ＰＭ、ＣＯ排出量を低減することが可能になる。
Example 2
Next, a product obtained by adding 0.07% by weight of CI-A to heavy oil A (referred to as “CI-300”) is prepared, and a fuel ignitability tester FIA-100 manufactured by Fueltech Co. is used. A comparative experiment with heavy oil was conducted. The result is shown in FIG.
From FIG. 1, “CI-300” has a significant increase in the maximum heat generation rate (combustion rate), and when this is used for boilers, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of secondary air (5 This reduces fuel consumption by around 10%. Further, it becomes possible to purify the exhaust gas, to reduce the contamination in the furnace, and to reduce THC, PM, and CO emissions in the exhaust gas.
実施例３
ＣＩ−Ａを、ガソリンに対し０.０５重量％添加したもの（「ＣＩ−１００」とする）を乗用車（ガソリン車）に用いて燃料消費量の実車テストを行った。さらに、軽油に対しＣＩ−Ａを０．０６５重量％添加したもの（「ＣＩ−４００」とする）をディーゼルトラック（軽油車）に用いて同様のテストを行った。ガソリン車の結果を表２、軽油車の結果を表３に示す。
Example 3
An actual vehicle test of fuel consumption was performed using a passenger car (gasoline car) using 0.05% by weight of CI-A added to gasoline (referred to as "CI-100"). Furthermore, the same test was conducted using a diesel truck (light oil vehicle) obtained by adding 0.065% by weight of CI-A to light oil (referred to as “CI-400”). Table 2 shows the results for gasoline vehicles and Table 3 shows the results for light oil vehicles.
ガソリン車については、燃料消費量はテストに用いた車種により開きがあるが、ＣＩ−Ａ添加による燃料消費量の減少効果はすべての車種において認められ、その減少率は１７〜３１％と大きなものであった。また、ディーゼル車についても、すべての車種に置いて１０％以上燃料消費量が減少した。 For gasoline vehicles, the fuel consumption varies depending on the model used for the test, but the reduction effect of the fuel consumption by adding CI-A is recognized in all models, and the decrease rate is as large as 17-31%. Met. In addition, the consumption of fuel for diesel vehicles decreased by more than 10% in all models.
本発明によれば、燃料油改質添加剤を燃料油に添加すると、該燃料油の細分子化および酸化の抑止により、霧化時（空気と混合する）の粒子がより微細になって燃料の着火性および燃焼性が改善され、その結果、燃料油から得られる熱量が増加し、燃料消費量の大幅な節約になる。また燃焼性の改善により、燃料の後燃え期間が短くなって排気温度が下がり、着火性と相俟って排気中のＣＯ、ＨＣ（炭化水素）、ＰＭ（粒子状物質）等が減少し、さらに白金の触媒効果により排気中のＮＯＸも減少する。
本発明の燃料油改質添加剤を自動車用燃料に使用した場合は、燃料消費量が１０〜３０％と大幅に減少し、排ガス中のＣＯ、ＨＣ、ＰＭ、ＮＯＸも減少する。また、ボイラーに使用した場合は二次空気量を５〜１５％絞ることができるため、排気熱量が減少して１０％以上の燃料消費量の節約になり、排ガスも浄化できる。また、上記燃料油改質添加剤は、ディーゼル機関車、暖房器、ハウス暖房などの用途に有用である。
According to the present invention, when the fuel oil reforming additive is added to the fuel oil, the particles during atomization (mixed with air) become finer due to the refinement of the fuel oil and the suppression of oxidation. The ignitability and flammability of the fuel is improved, resulting in an increase in the amount of heat obtained from the fuel oil, resulting in a significant savings in fuel consumption. In addition, due to the improvement in combustibility, the afterburn period of fuel is shortened and the exhaust temperature is lowered. Combined with the ignitability, CO, HC (hydrocarbon), PM (particulate matter), etc. in the exhaust gas are reduced. Furthermore, NO X in the exhaust gas also decreases due to the catalytic effect of platinum.
When using fuel oil modifying additive of the present invention in automotive fuel, fuel consumption is reduced significantly and 10 to 30%, CO in the exhaust gas, HC, PM, NO X is also reduced. Further, when used in a boiler, the amount of secondary air can be reduced by 5 to 15%, so the amount of exhaust heat is reduced and fuel consumption is saved by 10% or more, and exhaust gas can also be purified. The fuel oil reforming additive is useful for applications such as diesel locomotives, heaters, and house heating.
Claims (3)
（a）コロイド状銀を５０〜１２５ｍｇ（銀換算）、
（b）貴金属が白金および/またはパラジウムであるコロイド状貴金属を１〜２.５ｍｇ（当該貴金属換算）、ならびに
（c）親水性有機溶媒および水からなる分散媒
を主成分とする、燃料油改質添加剤。 Per 100ml,
(A) 50 to 125 mg (in terms of silver) of colloidal silver,
(B) 1 to 2.5 mg of colloidal noble metal in which the noble metal is platinum and / or palladium (in terms of the noble metal), and (c) a fuel oil reformer mainly composed of a dispersion medium composed of a hydrophilic organic solvent and water. Quality additives.
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