JP2007125475A - Fuel activator and combustion method of fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel activator excellent in environmental preservation which is capable of enhancing the combustion efficiency by increasing emissivity of flame, increasing the cost saving of fuel consumption and lessening the discharge amount of carbon dioxide by producing the ideal combustion state to reduce the fuel comsumption amount, suppressing the generation of the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas by promoting the reduction of a nitrogen oxide and accelerating the oxygenation of a hydrocarbon in the fuel functioning as a reducing agent and of reducing the discharge amount of graphite and the uncombustion gas by accelerating the oxygenation of the uncombustion gas such as graphite, carbon monoxide and the like which were conventionally discharged as uncombusted, when it is added to and combusted together with the fuel. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel activator has a constitution where fine particles of silver and/or silver oxide are dispersed. The fuel combustion method of a fuel burns the fine particles of silver and/or silver oxide together with the fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel activator that is added to a fuel to activate the fuel and a fuel combustion method.

In recent years, in view of the impact on the living environment such as air pollution and global warming, improvement of combustion efficiency of combustion furnaces such as industrial heating furnaces such as heating furnaces, heat treatment furnaces, melting furnaces, boilers, diesel engines, gasoline engines, etc. Various attempts have been made to reduce environmental pollutants in exhaust gas. For example, in order to promote combustion of fuel in the combustion apparatus or to reduce environmental pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide (NOx) in exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fuel. Various additives and techniques have been developed.
As such a conventional technique, (patent document 1) states that “a metal having an electronic number of 30 or less, such as lithium, sodium, calcium, potassium, titanium, magnesium, copper, aluminum, silicon, manganese, iron, cobalt, and nickel; There is disclosed a method for suppressing harmful substances in which one or more compounds are made into fine particles of 1000 Å or less and the surface of these fine particles treated with unsaturated fatty acids is combusted together with fuel.
(Patent Document 2) discloses a “combustion method characterized by adding tungsten or a compound thereof together with a surfactant to a combustion atmosphere or fuel”.
(Patent Document 3) describes “a technology for improving fuel efficiency by adding a precious metal colloid in which fine particles of 2 to 3 nm in platinum group such as platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, and iridium are dispersed to fuel.” It is disclosed.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-28319 Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-223681 JP 2004-11632 A

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) The technology disclosed in (Patent Document 1) is based on the fact that fine particles such as metals having an electronic number of 30 or less react with active oxygen in a flame, so that the reaction between active nitrogen and active oxygen is suppressed. The production efficiency is suppressed and the generation of soot and smoke can be suppressed, but the effect of suppressing nitrogen oxides and soot is not so great, and the fuel efficiency of diesel engines, gasoline engines, etc. It has not been verified, and the improvement effect is unclear, and therefore has the problem of lacking versatility.
(2) In the technology disclosed in (Patent Document 2), tungsten added to a combustion atmosphere or fuel or a compound thereof is oxidized in the furnace, and the generated tungsten trioxide is scattered in the furnace atmosphere to generate heat radiation. In order to increase the heat efficiency in the furnace, it can be applied to light oil and gas fuel, as well as heavy oil such as B heavy oil and C heavy oil. However, the fuel efficiency of diesel engines, gasoline engines, etc. is verified. However, the improvement effect is unknown and has a problem of lacking versatility.
(3) The technique disclosed in (Patent Document 3) has the problem that the use of platinum group fine particles may cause resource depletion, and bullion is expensive and lacks cost.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and when added to fuel and burned together, it can improve the radiation efficiency of the flame and increase the combustion efficiency, and it can be brought close to the ideal combustion state and fuel consumption. The fuel consumption can be improved with good stability and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced, and the reduction of nitrogen oxides can be promoted to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. A fuel activator with excellent environmental conservation that can accelerate combustion of graphite that has been exhausted without being exhausted and oxygenation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide, and can also reduce emissions of graphite and unburned gas. The purpose is to provide.
Further, the present invention can improve the radiation efficiency of the flame and increase the combustion efficiency, reduce the fuel consumption by approaching the ideal combustion state and improve the fuel consumption, and reduce the emission amount of carbon dioxide. In addition, the reduction of nitrogen oxides can be promoted and the generation of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas can be suppressed, and the combustion of unburned gases such as graphite and carbon monoxide, which has been exhausted without conventional combustion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel combustion method excellent in environmental conservation, which can promote oxygenation and reduce emissions of graphite and unburned gas.

In order to solve the above conventional problems, the fuel activator and the fuel combustion method of the present invention have the following configurations.
The fuel activator according to claim 1 of the present invention has a configuration in which fine particles of silver and / or silver oxide are dispersed.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since fine particles of silver and silver oxide are dispersed, when added to fuel and burned together, the fine particles are present as fine solids in the flame, improving the flame radiation and improving combustion efficiency. Can be increased. For this reason, fuel consumption can be reduced, fuel consumption can be improved, and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.
(2) The catalytic action of oxidized fine particles promotes oxygenation of hydrocarbons (HC) in the fuel functioning as a reducing agent even under conditions where the temperature and pressure in the combustion apparatus are low, so NOx + HC + O ₂ → N as _{2 + CO 2 + H 2 O} , nitrogen oxides can be suppressed the occurrence of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas prompts the reduction of (NOx), also conventionally Ya combustion of graphite that has been discharged without being completely burned Oxygenation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide (CO) can be promoted, and the discharge amount of graphite and unburned gas can be reduced.

Here, Ag, Ag ₂ O, AgO, Ag ₂ O ₃ or the like is used as silver or silver oxide. In order to improve the wettability with the fuel, the surface of the fine particles may be surface-treated with an unsaturated fatty acid or the like.

  The average particle diameter of the silver or silver oxide fine particles is 200 nm or less, and 0.05 to 200 nm, preferably 0.1 to 100 nm is suitably used as an available material. The smaller the better, the better. As the average particle diameter of the fine particles becomes larger than 100 nm, the catalytic action due to the oxidized fine particles decreases, and the effect of suppressing the emission amount of graphite and nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas tends to be reduced. This tendency becomes remarkable. Further, as the average particle diameter of the fine particles becomes smaller than 0.1 nm, the production cost of the fine particles tends to increase. When the average particle diameter becomes smaller than 0.05 nm, this tendency becomes remarkable.

Invention of Claim 2 of this invention is a fuel activator of Claim 1, Comprising: The said microparticles | fine-particles are contained in the colloidal state.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the fine particles are contained in a colloidal state, the fine particles can be dispersed in the fuel activator in a substantially primary state without agglomerating the fine particles. Variations in the emission reduction effect can be reduced.
(2) Colloidal fine particles are surrounded by silver or silver oxide fine particles as a medium and have a surface-active effect. Therefore, fuel can be refined to improve sprayability and diffusivity, and energy conversion rate To improve.

Here, the medium of the colloidal solution in which the fine particles are dispersed in a colloidal state includes water such as purified water and distilled water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butyl alcohol, glycerin, and dipropylene glycol. , Alcohols such as ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol Diethyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipro Glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, glycol ethers such as tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, 2-pyrrolidone, N- methylpyrrolidone soluble nitrogen-containing organic compound such as pyrrolidone, ethyl acetate or the like is used. Further, mineral spirit, tridecane, dodecylbenzene or a mixture thereof can be used.
Of these, water such as purified water or distilled water is preferably used as the medium. This is because the flash point of the fuel can be increased by dispersing water in the fuel, and misfire can be prevented in the case of fuel used in a spark ignition engine such as an automobile gasoline engine. Further, this is because a dispersion medium such as an alcohol having an OH group is combined with water, so that fine particles such as silver can be stably dispersed in the fuel.

  The concentration of fine particles in the colloidal solution is preferably 5 to 2000 ppm, preferably 10 to 200 ppm. As the concentration becomes lower than 10ppm, the improvement effect of combustion efficiency and the emission control effect of nitrogen oxide, graphite, and unburned gas tend to decrease. Even if the concentration is higher than 200ppm, it is just enough to increase the cost of the colloidal solution. There is a tendency that it is difficult to obtain the effect. In particular, when the content is lower than 5 ppm or higher than 2000 ppm, these tendencies are remarkable and none of them is preferable.

As a method for producing a colloidal solution, after immersing a plurality of silver electrodes in a medium of water or an organic solvent at intervals, a voltage is applied between the electrodes to make silver fine particles from the silver electrodes. It can be produced by being dispersed in a medium.
In addition, silver compounds such as silver nitrate and silver methanesulfonate are dissolved in water and organic solvents, and after adding a dispersing agent having an affinity group with high affinity to silver fine particles, alkali metal hydrogenation such as sodium borohydride It can also be produced by a liquid phase reduction method in which silver fine particles are precipitated by reduction by adding a reducing agent such as a boron salt, a hydrazine compound, citric acid or a salt thereof, succinic acid or a salt thereof, or an amine.
In addition, the silver fine particles grown in the gas phase are brought into contact with vapors of a high boiling organic solvent such as mineral spirit, tridecane, dodecylbenzene or a mixture thereof, and the silver fine particles are cooled and collected, thereby recovering the organic solvent. It is also possible to produce a colloidal solution in which fine particles are dispersed in the above medium.
As described above, by producing a colloidal solution by a method of producing fine particles from a silver electrode immersed in a medium and a method of precipitating fine particles in a medium, the fine particles are prevented from agglomerating and dispersibility is improved. Variations in the particle size distribution of the fine particles can be reduced to prevent the problem of variations in combustion efficiency.

The fuel activator of the present invention is added so that the amount of colloidal solution added is 0.0001 to 0.1 parts by volume, preferably 0.0003 to 0.01 parts by volume with respect to 100 parts by volume of fuel. Is preferred.
As the amount of colloidal solution added to 100 parts by volume of fuel is less than 0.0003 part by volume, the effect of improving combustion efficiency and the effect of suppressing nitrogen oxides tend to be less likely to appear, and more than 0.01 part by volume. As a result, there is a tendency that an improvement effect such as combustion efficiency commensurate with an increase in the amount of colloidal solution added is less likely to appear. In particular, when the amount is less than 0.0001 capacity part or more than 0.1 capacity part, these tendencies are remarkable, which is not preferable.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the fuel activator according to claim 2, wherein 450 to 4750 parts by volume of a dispersion medium, preferably 500 parts by volume, with respect to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution in which the fine particles are dispersed. It has a structure containing ~ 3200 volume parts.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the second aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the dispersion medium is contained, the colloidal solution can be uniformly dispersed in the fuel to achieve complete combustion of the fuel.
(2) It is possible to reduce the kinematic viscosity of the fuel by the surface active effect between the colloidal solution and the dispersion medium, and to prevent the fuel from adhering to the inner surface of the fuel pipe.

  Here, as the dispersion medium, alcohols such as ethanol, propanol and butanol, ethers such as methyl-t-butyl ether, ketones such as acetone, aldehydes, glycols and the like are highly soluble in water, An organic compound having excellent oil solubility is used.

  As the content of the dispersion medium is less than 500 parts by volume, the dispersibility of the colloidal solution is poor and the sprayability tends to decrease, and the combustion efficiency tends to be reduced. There is a tendency that misfires are likely to occur. In particular, when the amount is less than 450 capacity parts or more than 4750 capacity parts, these tendencies are remarkable, which is not preferable.

In addition to the dispersion medium, 20 to 500 parts by volume of a surfactant, preferably 22 to 340 parts by volume, may be separately added to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution.
Thereby, the following actions are obtained.
(1) A dispersion medium or a colloidal solution can be more uniformly dispersed in the fuel, the fluidity can be made uniform, the sprayability can be improved, and the combustion efficiency can be further stabilized.
(2) Since the surfactant disperses the water contained in the fuel activator into fine particles, the metal parts such as the fuel tank are rusted and the vaporizers and filters are frozen by the water. Can be prevented.

  Here, as the surfactant, a metal compound containing a naphthenate or a sulfonate such as chromium, cobalt, or copper, a sulfate of alcohol, or the like is used.

In addition to the dispersion medium, 20 to 500 parts by volume of an emulsion breaking agent, preferably 22 to 340 parts by volume, may be separately added to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution.
Thereby, the following actions are obtained.
(1) By containing an emulsion breaker, it is possible to break the emulsion produced due to moisture in the fuel and prevent the fluidity of the fuel from being lowered or clogging the filter by the emulsion. it can.

As the emulsion breaking agent, a copolymer of polypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide, a hydroxyamine polymer, an amine salt of alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, or the like is used.
An emulsion breaker and a surfactant may be included together.

  As the content of the surfactant and the emulsion breaking agent with respect to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution is less than 22 parts by volume, the dispersibility of the colloidal solution and the like tends to vary and the combustion efficiency tends to vary. From 340 parts by volume As the number increases, the dispersion effect hardly changes, but the flash point of the fuel tends to increase and it becomes difficult to burn. In particular, if the amount is less than 20 parts by volume or more than 500 parts by volume, these tendencies tend to be remarkable, which is not preferable.

Further, the metal corrosion inhibitor may be contained in an amount of 5 to 100 parts by volume, preferably 8 to 70 parts by volume with respect to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution.
Thereby, the following actions are obtained.
(1) It is possible to prevent rust from being generated in the metal that comes into contact with the fuel due to the trace amount of water present in the fuel.

  Here, examples of the metal corrosion inhibitor include fatty acid amines such as cetylamine, petroleum or synthetic sulfonic acid metal salts such as barium petroleum sulfonate, esters of naphthenic acid such as phenyl stearic acid, and organic compounds such as alkylamine phosphate. A phosphorus compound, a nitrogen compound such as ammonium sulfonate, an organic compound having a polar group such as a metal soap, or the like is used.

  As the content of the metal corrosion inhibitor with respect to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution is less than 8 parts by weight, rust tends to be generated in the metal in contact with the fuel due to the trace amount of water present in the fuel, and 70 parts by volume. As the amount increases, the deterioration of metal parts such as fuel tanks is accelerated, and the metal tends to melt into the fuel and hinder combustion. In particular, if the amount is less than 5 parts by volume or more than 100 parts by volume, these tendencies become remarkable, which is not preferable.

The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the fuel activator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the colloidal solution in which the fine particles are dispersed has a high voltage of 1 kV to 5000 kV, preferably 500 kV to 1000 kV. It has an applied configuration.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the second or third aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) When a high voltage is applied to the colloidal solution, as a result of experiments conducted by the inventors, it has been found that the fuel efficiency of the combustion apparatus can be improved. This reason is presumed to be related to the fact that application of a high voltage promotes and stabilizes the solvation of the colloidal solution.

  Here, as the voltage applied to the colloidal solution becomes lower than 500 kV, the effect of improving the fuel consumption tends to be reduced. As the voltage becomes higher than 1000 kV, the voltage applying device is only increased in size and the effect corresponding to the increase in the applied voltage. Tends to be difficult to obtain. In particular, if it is lower than 1 kV or higher than 5000 kV, these tendencies become remarkable, which is not preferable.

The fuel combustion method according to claim 5 of the present invention has a configuration in which fine particles of silver and / or silver oxide are burned together with the fuel.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When fine particles of silver or silver oxide are burned together with fuel, the fine particles are present as fine solids in the flame, so that the radiation efficiency of the flame can be improved and the combustion efficiency can be increased. For this reason, fuel consumption can be reduced, fuel consumption can be improved, and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.
(2) The catalytic action of oxidized fine particles promotes oxygenation of hydrocarbons (HC) in the fuel that functions as a reducing agent even under low temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, NOx + HC + O ₂ → N ₂ + CO ₂ + H _{Like 2} O, it can promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, and the combustion of graphite and carbon monoxide ( The oxygenation of unburned gas such as CO) can be promoted, and the discharge amount of graphite and unburned gas can be reduced.

  Here, as fuel, automobile gasoline, aviation gasoline, jet fuel oil (aviation turbine fuel oil), diesel fuel oil, light oil used in small high speed diesel engines such as automobiles and industrial machinery, small medium speed diesel engines, Hydrocarbon liquid fuels such as kerosene, naphtha, synthetic oil, and waste oil used in small combustors such as heavy-duty low-speed engines for ships and industrial furnaces, stoves, water heaters, and boilers are used. .

The fine particles of silver or silver oxide can be put directly into the flame of the combustion apparatus separately from the fuel. It is suitable for a combustion apparatus such as an industrial heating furnace or boiler.
In the case of a viscous fuel such as heavy oil, the surface of the fine particles may be surface-treated with unsaturated fatty acids to improve wettability, or may be forcibly dispersed in the fuel without surface treatment and burned with the fuel. Can be supplied to the device.
Further, the fine particles can be dispersed in the fuel using an organic solvent, a surfactant, or the like, or can be dispersed in the fuel activator of the present invention and supplied to the combustion apparatus together with the fuel.

As described above, according to the fuel activator and the fuel combustion method of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) When added to the fuel and burned together, the fine particles are present as fine solids in the flame, so that the radiation efficiency of the flame can be improved and the combustion efficiency can be improved, approaching the ideal combustion state. It is possible to provide a fuel activator excellent in environmental conservation that can reduce fuel consumption and improve fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
(2) It promotes oxygenation of hydrocarbons (HC) in the fuel that functions as a reducing agent even under conditions of low temperature and pressure, thus promoting reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and It is possible to suppress the generation, promote the combustion of graphite that has been exhausted without being combusted in the past and the oxygenation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide (CO), and also the amount of graphite and unburned gas emitted It is possible to provide a fuel activator excellent in environmental conservation that can be reduced.

According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1,
(1) A fuel activator that can be dispersed in the fuel activator in the form of primary particles without agglomerating fine particles, and has little variation in combustion efficiency improvement effect and emission reduction effect of nitrogen oxide, graphite, etc. Can be provided.
(2) It is possible to provide a fuel activator that can refine the fuel to improve sprayability and diffusibility and improve the energy conversion rate.

According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 2,
(1) To provide a fuel activator that can disperse the colloidal solution uniformly in the fuel and achieve complete combustion of the fuel, reduce the fuel consumption by approaching the ideal combustion state, and improve the fuel efficiency. be able to.
(2) It is possible to provide a fuel activator capable of reducing the kinematic viscosity of the fuel by the surface active effect between the colloidal solution and the dispersion medium and preventing the fuel from adhering to the inner surface of the fuel pipe.

According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of Claim 2 or 3,
(1) By applying a high voltage to the colloidal solution, the fuel efficiency of the combustion apparatus can be improved without variation, and a fuel activator having excellent stability can be provided.

According to the invention of claim 5,
(1) Since the fine particles are present as fine solids in the flame, the radiation efficiency of the flame can be improved and the combustion efficiency can be improved, and the fuel consumption can be reduced and the fuel consumption can be improved by approaching the ideal combustion state. At the same time, it is possible to provide a fuel combustion method excellent in environmental conservation that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
(2) It promotes oxygenation of hydrocarbons (HC) in the fuel that functions as a reducing agent even under conditions of low temperature and pressure, thus promoting reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Generation can be suppressed, and oxygenation of unburned gas such as graphite and carbon monoxide (CO), which has been discharged without being burned in the past, is promoted, and the emission of graphite and unburned gas is also reduced. It is possible to provide a fuel combustion method excellent in environmental conservation.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
(Experimental example 1)
A colloidal solution in which fine particles (average particle size 0.1 nm) of silver (purity 99.99%) are dispersed in purified water 0.5 vol% (concentration 20 ppm, trade name: colloidal silver), isopropyl alcohol 98 as a dispersion medium The fuel activator of Experimental Example 1 was obtained by mixing 0.0 vol% and 1.5 vol% petroleum barium sulfonate as a metal corrosion inhibitor.
(Experimental example 2)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 2 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 1 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 3)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 3 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 10 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 4)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 4 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a direct current voltage of 50 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 5)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 5 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 150 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 6)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 6 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 300 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 7)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 7 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 600 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.
(Experimental example 8)
A fuel activator of Experimental Example 8 was obtained by blending in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that a colloidal solution to which a DC voltage of 900 kV was applied for 2 seconds was used.

(Test Example 1)
After filling the fuel tank of a light car (Suzuki Every) with a displacement of 660cc and a vehicle weight of 820kg with fuel (gasoline), drive on the highway once a day at a distance of 44km one way at an average speed of 90km One round trip. This was carried out for 3 days and the average fuel consumption was calculated to be 10.8 km / L.
Next, the fuel tank was filled up and 0.2 L of the fuel activator of Experimental Example 1 was added, and after that, the fuel cell was run once a day for 3 days, and the average fuel consumption was calculated. In the same manner, the fuel activators of Experimental Examples 2 to 8 were also used to calculate the average fuel consumption when each was added. In addition, when changing the kind of fuel activator, after draining the fuel and replacing the fuel filter, new fuel was filled and the fuel activator was added.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage applied to the colloidal solution and fuel consumption for the fuel activators of Experimental Examples 1-8. The fuel consumption indicates a minimum value, a maximum value, and an average value of traveling for three days.
As a result, it has been clarified that the fuel efficiency is improved by 6% or more by adding the fuel activator of this experimental example to the fuel. It has also been clarified that the fuel efficiency can be further improved by adding the fuel activators of Experimental Examples 2 to 8 containing a colloidal solution to which a high voltage of 1 kV or more is applied to the fuel. In particular, the fuel activator blended with a colloidal solution to which a voltage of 500 kV or more was applied (Experimental Examples 7 and 8) has a fuel efficiency of 12% or more, and the fuel activator blended with a colloidal solution to which a voltage of 900 kV was applied ( In Experimental Example 8), the average fuel consumption was 12.8 km / L, and it became clear that the fuel consumption was nearly 20% higher than when no fuel activator was added.

(Experimental example 9)
0.4 vol% of colloidal solution obtained by applying a DC voltage of 900 kV to the same colloidal solution as in Experimental Example 1 for 2 seconds, 94.4 vol% of isopropyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, second higher alcohol sulfate 4 as a surfactant 4 The fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 was obtained by mixing 0.0 vol% and 1.2 vol% petroleum barium sulfonate as a metal corrosion inhibitor.
(Test Example 2)
Using a chassis dynamometer, an automobile with a displacement of 1809 cc and a vehicle weight of 1230 kg (Nissan, Laurel E-FC33, manual 5-speed) is driven at a constant speed, and the traveling speed is 40 km (4th speed), 60 km (5th speed), 80 km ( The fuel consumption was measured at 5th speed) and 100 km (5th speed). The measurement was performed when the gasoline was full (no fuel activator added), and when 0.2 L of the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 was added to a full tank of gasoline (50 L). When the fuel activator was added, the fuel consumption after running-in for about 3 hours (running 250 km) was measured.
Table 1 shows the case where gasoline without fuel activator is added (no addition), and when 0.2 L of fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 is added (addition) to full tank gasoline (50 L). It is a list of fuel consumption (km / L).

  From Table 1, it was confirmed that the fuel efficiency was improved when the fuel activator was added at all traveling speeds compared with the case where no fuel activator was added. In addition, although it drive | worked about 600 km on the chassis dynamometer for about 10 hours in the state which added the fuel activator, the engine and the vehicle did not have any trouble.

(Test Example 3)
Use a chassis dynamometer to drive an automobile (Toyota, Town Ace KB-CR51V) with a displacement of 1970 cc and a vehicle weight of 1410 kg at a constant speed, and fuel consumption for 2 minutes at a speed of 20 km, 40 km, 60 km, and 80 km : Cc), the amount of graphite in the exhaust gas was measured. Note that the measurement was performed when the gas oil was filled up (no addition of fuel activator) and when the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 was added to 55 L of full tank of light oil.
Table 2 shows the case of light oil to which fuel activator is not added (no addition), and the case where 0.2 L of fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 is added to full tank of light oil (addition) for 2 minutes per driving speed. It is a list of fuel consumption (cc) and graphite amount (%).

  From Table 2, it was confirmed that the fuel consumption can be reduced when the fuel activator is added at all traveling speeds as compared with the case where the fuel additive is not added even when the fuel is a diesel engine with light oil. It was also confirmed that the amount of graphite in the exhaust gas can be significantly reduced. In addition, while running on the chassis dynamometer for about 5 hours with the fuel activator added, it was also confirmed that no problems were found in the engine or vehicle.

(Test Example 4)
The fuel tank of an automobile (Mitsubishi, Rosa, engine model KK-BE63EE) with a displacement of 5240 cc and a vehicle weight of 3520 kg is filled with 100 L of fuel (light oil), then carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) were measured.
Next, after filling up the fuel (light oil), 0.2 L of the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 was added, and after running 2881 km, the exhaust gas carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons in the idling state after running (HC), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) were measured. Refueling was performed as needed before the remaining amount of fuel in the fuel tank became 10% or less, but the fuel activator was added only once during the test period.
Table 3 shows carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) in the case of light oil to which no fuel activator is added (no addition) and in the case of addition of fuel activator (addition). ) And nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

From Table 3, emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas when the fuel activator is added are greater than when no fuel activator is added. It became clear that can be reduced.
In addition, it became clear that if the fuel was replenished while there was a remaining amount in the fuel tank, the effect of the fuel activator would continue even if the fuel activator was added only once. . This is presumed to be because silver or silver oxide contained in the fuel activator is fixed to the fuel filter or cylinder.

(Test Example 5)
18 L of the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 was added once every two weeks to 5000 L of C heavy oil in a fuel tank of a 500 kW homemade power generation device (manufactured by Komatsu). The power generation amount (kW / L) per unit fuel for one month before and after adding the fuel activator was measured.
Table 4 is a list of total power generation amount (kW), fuel consumption amount (L), and power generation amount per unit fuel (kW / L) before and after adding the fuel activator.

  From Table 4, it was found that the power generation amount per unit fuel can be improved by 20% or more when the fuel activator is added as compared with the case where the fuel activator is not added. Before the addition of the fuel activator, it was visually confirmed that black exhaust gas was discharged from the exhaust pipe. However, after about one week had passed since the fuel activator was added, the exhaust gas was cleaned. Was visible. Moreover, the graphite in the exhaust gas is no longer visible.

(Test Example 6)
Next, it was investigated how the combustion state of the fuel changes in the diesel engine by adding the fuel activator.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pattern of fuel combustion in a diesel engine and the pressure, heat generation rate, injection rate, and crank angle. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustion pattern of a diesel engine includes (1) a period from when fuel is injected into compressed air until it explodes (ignition delay period), and (2) fuel explodes and burns. There are four periods: a period (explosion combustion period), (3) a period during which combustion is controlled (control combustion period), and (4) a period during which combustion gas is exhausted (post-combustion period).
The fuel with no added fuel activator and the fuel with the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 burned in a cylinder with heat-resistant glass in part so that the inside can be seen through. The difference in the combustion state was examined by photographing and comparing with a camera.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the fuel not added with the fuel activator and the fuel added with the fuel activator of Experimental Example 9 taken for each elapsed time of the fuel injected into the cylinder and the flame caused by the combustion of the fuel. The numerical value indicates the elapsed time (unit: ms), and the range indicated by the arrow is the period (1) to (4) described in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel to which the fuel activator is added (hereinafter referred to as added fuel) is compared with the fuel to which the fuel activator is not added (hereinafter referred to as non-added fuel). ) Is large, it is presumed that the combustion is intense and a large pressure is obtained and the energy conversion efficiency is improved. In addition, it is surmised that after the explosion combustion period, the added fuel has a smaller flame than the non-added fuel, and the controlled combustion period (3) is shortened. The In addition, since the flame is maintained for a longer time than the non-added fuel after the controlled combustion period and the post-combustion period (4) is prolonged, the added fuel is burned out by the end of the controlled combustion period. It is assumed that the fuel that did not exist is burned. On the other hand, since the additive-free fuel has a short afterburn period, it is assumed that the fuel that was not burned out was discharged as graphite or unburned gas.
From the above, the additive fuel has fine particles present as a fine solid in the flame, so it can improve the radiation efficiency of the flame and increase the combustion efficiency, and therefore can reduce fuel consumption and fuel consumption. It is surmised that CO2 emissions were further reduced. In addition, under the conditions of the afterburning period when the temperature and pressure in the combustion apparatus are low, the combustion of graphite, which was conventionally exhausted without being burned, the oxygenation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen It is presumed that reduction of oxide (NOx) was promoted and generation of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas could be suppressed. In addition, the fuel sprayability, diffusivity, and fluidity were improved and refined, so the ignitability of the fuel was improved and it was combined with a large amount of oxygen. Is done.

  The present invention relates to a fuel activator that is added to fuel and activates the fuel, and a fuel combustion method, which can improve the radiation efficiency of the flame and increase the combustion efficiency, and bring the fuel consumption close to the ideal combustion state. Can reduce fuel consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and further promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Combustion of fuel activator and fuel with excellent environmental conservation that can promote combustion of the discharged graphite and oxygenation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide and reduce the emission of graphite and unburned gas A method can be provided.

Diagram showing the relationship between the voltage applied to the colloidal solution and fuel consumption Diagram showing the relationship between the pattern of fuel combustion in a diesel engine and the pressure, heat generation rate, injection rate, and crank angle Photographs of fuel injected with no fuel activator and fuel added with fuel activator, taken in cylinders, and flames of fuel combustion taken at each elapsed time

Claims (5)

  A fuel activator wherein fine particles of silver and / or silver oxide are dispersed.   The fuel activator according to claim 1, wherein the fine particles are contained in a colloidal state.   3. The fuel activator according to claim 2, wherein the fuel activator contains 450 to 4750 parts by volume of a dispersion medium with respect to 10 parts by volume of the colloidal solution in which the fine particles are dispersed. The fuel activator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a high voltage of 1 kV to 5000 kV is applied to the colloidal solution in which the fine particles are dispersed.   A fuel combustion method comprising burning fine particles of silver and / or silver oxide together with a fuel.