JP2010023929A - Safety device for elevator maintenance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safety device for elevator maintenance, which can enhance the safety of a worker in an elevator shaft, be installed and designed relatively easily, and improve the accuracy of predicting a risk of collision of a maintenance worker against a car or a counterweight. <P>SOLUTION: The safety device for elevator maintenance includes the car 2 and a counterweight 3 both vertically moving inside the elevator shaft 1, a rope 4, a hoisting machine 5, and guide rails 13a, 13b; wherein inner walls of the elevator shaft 1 or the guide rails 13a, 13b are equipped with noncontact sensors 18a, 18b which detect, in a noncontact manner, the entrance of at least one of the car 2, the counterweight 3, and the maintenance worker 20 into an area in which the car 2 or the counterweight 3 can probably collide with the maintenance worker 20 when the maintenance worker 20 performs maintenance work within the elevator shaft 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a safety device for maintenance of an elevator, and more particularly to a device for improving safety when performing maintenance and inspection work on equipment in a hoistway on a car or inside a hoistway in an elevator having a car and a counterweight.

  In many elevator systems, a car and a counterweight connected by a main rope move up and down in a hoistway. In order to perform this vertical movement safely and accurately, various devices are installed in the hoistway, and it is necessary to maintain performance by regularly performing maintenance and inspection work on these devices. This maintenance and inspection work can be broadly divided into those that are performed at the bottom of the hoistway and those that are performed on the cage. However, as a common issue for both tasks, it is necessary to devise measures to prevent collisions or pinching between the counterweights. is there.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes providing a collision predictor that hits an operator before a counterweight collides. However, in this technique, before the weight collides with the worker and the weight collides with the worker, the worker is warned of the collision by hitting an object for warning, and sufficient safety cannot be ensured.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, the technology using the light emitting device and the light receiving device is used. However, these devices are installed in a vertically moving cage. In actual installation, these light emitting device and light receiving device are operated. Therefore, there is a problem that the design and installation are complicated because it is necessary to consider the routing of a power supply line for controlling the signal line and a signal line for propagating a detection signal used for control.

JP-A-6-239551 JP 2005-96891 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, can improve the safety of a person working in a hoistway, is relatively easy to install and design, and the danger of a maintenance worker colliding with a car or a counterweight. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator maintenance safety device that can improve the prediction accuracy of the elevator.

  In order to achieve the above object, a safety device for maintenance of an elevator according to the present invention comprises a car that moves up and down in a hoistway and a counterweight, a rope that holds the car and the counterweight, the car and the A hoisting machine that moves a counterweight up and down, and a guide rail that guides the car and the counterweight, and when the maintenance worker performs maintenance work in the hoistway, the car or the counterweight A non-contact sensor for detecting, in a non-contact manner, that at least one of the car, the counterweight, or the maintenance worker has entered an area that is highly likely to collide with the maintenance worker. The guide rail is provided.

  According to the elevator maintenance safety device of the present invention, an elevator maintenance safety device that is relatively simple to install and design and that can improve the accuracy of predicting the danger of a maintenance worker colliding with a car or a counterweight. Can be provided.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an overall outline of an elevator maintenance safety device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator in this embodiment includes a car 2 and a counterweight 3 that move up and down in the hoistway 1, a main rope 4 that is a rope that holds the car 2 and the counterweight 3, a car 2 and A hoisting machine 5 for moving the counterweight 3 up and down is provided.

  In the present embodiment, the hoisting machine 5 is installed in the machine room 6 located at the upper part of the hoistway 1. The main rope 4 that connects the car 2 and the counterweight 3 is fixed at one end to the car, is routed upward, wound around the sheave of the hoisting machine 5, and then downwards, and is counterweighted with the car 2. After being wound around a curling wheel 7 for adjusting and securing a proper gap so that the distance between the two does not collide with each other, the other end is fixed to the counterweight 3. By driving the hoisting machine, the car 2 moves up and down between the lowermost floor 8 and the uppermost floor 9. At this time, the counterweight 3 moves up and down in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the car 2. A pit 10 is provided near the bottom of the hoistway 1.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view of the hoistway 1 as seen from the vertical direction, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the car 2 is lifted and the counterweight 3 is lowered so that the two approach each other. Although not shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2, guide rails 11 a and 11 b that guide the car 2 so as not to deviate from the path in which the car 2 moves up and down are provided in the hoistway 1. It is attached to the hoistway 1.

  Similarly, guide rails 13a and 13b for guiding the weight 3 in the hoistway 1 so as not to deviate from the vertical path are attached to the hoistway 1 via the weight-side rail brackets 14a and 14b. A car-side door 16 is provided on the surface of the car 2 that faces the building-side door 15. The building-side door 15 is provided in each building on the floor where the car 2 arrives, and the building-side door 15 and the car-side door 16 on the arrival floor where the car 2 arrives open and close in conjunction.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 3, mounting brackets 17a and 17b are mounted on the guide rail 13a of the counterweight 3, and mounting brackets 17c and 17d are mounted on the guide rail 13b, respectively. A multi-optical axis sensor 18a as a non-contact sensor is attached to the mounting brackets 17a and 17b, and a multi-optical axis sensor 18b as a non-contact sensor is attached to the mounting brackets 17c and 17d, respectively. Between the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b, a plurality of sensor axes 19n by light pass through a gap secured between the car 2 and the counterweight 3. Also, a safety fence 2a is provided around the car 2 so as to prevent the body 2 from protruding from the car 2 when the maintenance worker 20 performs maintenance and inspection on the car 2. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 1, even if the maintenance worker 20 on the car 2 cuts off any of the sensor shafts 19n while the car 2 is moving up, the maintenance worker 20 is counterweighted 3 as shown in FIG. The distance between the upper end of the sensor shaft 19n and the lower part of the counterweight 3 with respect to the distance b to the upper end when the operator's head hits the lowermost sensor shaft 19n. The dimensions are arranged to be b + α.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a place where the head of the maintenance worker 20 of FIG. 1 has reached the uppermost end portion of the sensor shaft 19n. As shown in the figure, even if the maintenance worker 20 shuts off the sensor shaft 19n at the uppermost end, a distance α is interposed between the maintenance worker 20 and the counterweight 3 at this time, It is possible to reliably prevent the weight 3 from colliding with the maintenance worker 20. In this embodiment, even if it is detected that any of the sensor shafts 19n passing between the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b is cut off, the driving of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 is immediately stopped. Is. Therefore, the above-mentioned distance α needs to be a sufficient distance so that the weight 3 can be stopped without colliding with the head of the maintenance worker 20 after it is detected that the sensor shaft is cut off.

  Thus, by using a multi-optical axis sensor as a non-contact sensor, it is possible to arrange without increasing the gap between the car 2 installed in the hoistway 1 and the counterweight 3. There is an advantage that the building space can be used most effectively without the need to expand the space. That is, it can be expected that the safety device can be installed with the plane gap between the car 2 and the counterweight 3 as small as possible. As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the sensor shaft 19n is disposed between the car 2 and the weight-side rail brackets 14a and 14b. Further, since the mounting brackets 17a to 17d are installed so that the sensor shaft 19n is disposed between the car 2 and the counterweight 3 so as to spread out to the vicinity of the wall surface of the hoistway 1, the installation objects other than the counterweight 3 are provided. It is also possible to expect the effect that the collision between the counterweight rail brackets 14a and 14b and the maintenance worker 20 can be avoided.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the sensor shaft 19n is disposed between the counterweight-side rail brackets 14a and 14b and the maintenance worker 20 performs maintenance work in the hoistway 1 in this embodiment. The car 2 or the counterweight 3 forms an area 21 indicated by hatching in FIG. 1 where the possibility of collision with the maintenance worker 20 is high. The multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b, which are non-contact sensors, detect that the maintenance worker 20 has entered the area 21. In this embodiment, the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b are provided on the guide rails 13a and 13b.

  Usually, the car 2 and the counterweight 3 approach each other near the middle of the hoistway 1. That is, when the maintenance work is carried out on the car 2, the counterweight 3 and the maintenance worker 20 may collide with each other in the vicinity of the middle of the hoistway 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, by attaching a non-contact sensor to this high-risk part, the sensor cannot be attached to a movable member, so there is no need to consider the routing of signal lines, etc., and increase the degree of freedom in design. This makes it possible to ensure high safety for maintenance workers.

  Further, in this embodiment, the area 21 is installed on the lower side near the middle of the hoistway 1 so as to detect whether or not the maintenance worker 20 has entered the path colliding with the counterweight 3. When maintenance work is performed on the car 2, the car 2 rises from below and the counterweight 3 descends from above on the lower side near the middle of the hoistway 1. There is a risk of a strong collision with the head of the person 20 and the risk is high. Therefore, if the non-contact sensors 18a and 18b are installed on the lower side near the middle of the hoistway 1, high safety of the maintenance worker 20 can be ensured with the minimum necessary equipment. Moreover, since it is the minimum necessary equipment, it is possible to reduce the time and effort required for installation work and to greatly reduce the cost.

  Further, in this embodiment, the sensor shaft 19n of the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b is arranged on the lower side near the middle of the hoistway 1 so as not to overlap the moving part of the car and the counterweight, and the inside of the hoistway is inspected. Only at times, the multi-optical axis sensor is configured to detect a person or car entering the driving path of the counterweight 3. By configuring in this way, it is configured to detect that the counterweight 3 and the maintenance worker 20 and, in some cases, the counterweight 3 and the car 2 out of the drive path are likely to collide enter an area. Thus, the car 2 and the counterweight 3 can be configured to stop driving only when it is really dangerous, and the operator 20 or the car 2 enters the driving area of the counterweight 3 when there is no possibility of colliding with the counterweight 3. Even in this case, the driving of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 is not stopped unnecessarily.

  In this embodiment, the output signals of the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b, which are non-contact sensors, are sent to and monitored by a control unit that controls the entire elevator, so that a maintenance worker can perform maintenance work. When the operation for starting is performed, it is determined that the maintenance work has started, and the non-contact sensor operates. At this time, when an abnormal state of the sensor such as a failure is detected at the start of the sensor operation or during the operation, the maintenance operation speed of the car 2 is reduced to 1/2 or less to improve the safety of the maintenance worker 20. It has a configuration.

  In this embodiment, the multi-optical axis sensor 18a which is a non-contact sensor is attached to the guide rail 13a via mounting brackets 17a and 17b, and the multi-optical axis sensor 18b is attached to the guide rail 13b via mounting brackets 17c and 17d. However, the non-contact sensor may be attached to the inner wall of the hoistway 1 directly or via a mounting bracket. Even with such a configuration, there is no need to expand the hoistway, the building space can be most effectively utilized, and the counterweight-side rail brackets 14a, 14b, etc., which are installations other than the counterweight 3, and the maintenance worker The effect that the collision with 20 can also be avoided can be expected.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an overall outline of an elevator maintenance safety device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. As shown in the figure, the safety device for maintenance of the elevator according to the present embodiment has entered the path where the maintenance worker 20 collides with the counterweight 3 on the lower side near the middle of the hoistway 1 of the first embodiment. In addition to installing the area 21 so as to detect whether or not, an area 22 for detecting whether or not the maintenance worker 20 has entered the path of collision with the counterweight 3 also on the upper side near the middle. It is installed.

  With this configuration, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, even when the car 2 is lowered from the top and the counterweight 3 is lifted from the bottom, the counterweight 3 collides with the maintenance worker 20. This can reduce the risk of the maintenance work and further ensure the high safety of the maintenance worker 20.

  In the present embodiment, no area is provided in the central portion near the middle of the hoistway 1, but the area 21 and the area 22 may be provided as one area and continuous. In this way, when the area is lengthened, one continuous area, for example, the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b can be lengthened to be one area, so that the number of installation members can be reduced and the installation work can be simplified. it can.

  FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the whole elevator showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the counterweight 3 is lowered to the pit 10 and approaches the maintenance worker 20. In addition, the structure in the hoistway plane in a present Example is the same as that of FIG. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first and second embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the multi-optical axis sensors 18a, 18b and a plurality of sensor shafts 19n by light installed between them are provided by the maintenance worker 20 in the pit 10 below the counterweight 3. It is that it is installed below the hoistway 1 so as to detect that it enters and works. In this embodiment, when the operator shuts off the sensor shaft 19n even once during the work in the pit 10 part, the movement of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 is stopped, and the safety of the maintenance worker 20 in the pit 10 part is stopped. Can increase the sex.

  In this embodiment, since the maintenance worker 20 does not move up and down on the car 2, the maintenance worker 20 is installed so that the sensor shaft 19n at the uppermost end is between 170 cm and 300 cm from the floor. It is favorable because it is possible to detect how the weight 20 moves and the entry of the counterweight 3 into the moving path.

  In this embodiment, since the maintenance worker 20 does not move up and down on the car 2, it is determined whether or not the maintenance worker 20 has entered the path of collision with the counterweight 3 only near the bottom of the hoistway 1. Area 23 was set up to detect. When entering the pit 10 and performing maintenance work, the counterweight 3 always descends from above, so there is a danger that the counterweight 3 will strongly collide with the head of the maintenance worker 20 and the like, and the degree of danger is high. Therefore, if the non-contact sensors 18a and 18b are installed in the vicinity of the bottom of the hoistway 1, high safety of the maintenance worker 20 can be ensured with minimum necessary equipment. Moreover, since it is the minimum necessary equipment, it is possible to reduce the time and effort required for installation work and to greatly reduce the cost.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view of the elevator hoistway 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the vertical direction, and FIG. 9 shows a state in which the weight is lowered to the pit 10 and approaches the maintenance worker 20. It is a perspective view. In this embodiment, components corresponding to the same components as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Differences from the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the mounting brackets 17a and 17b fixing the multi-optical axis sensor 18a are extended to the car 2 side, and the other multi-optical axis sensor 18b is mounted on the same mounting brackets 17c and 17d as in the third embodiment. Thus, the sensor shaft 19n is installed so as to block a part of the vertical projection surface of the car 2 when viewed from the height direction of the hoistway 1. That is, when the maintenance worker 20 performs maintenance work in the hoistway 1, an area 23 is installed below the hoistway 1 as an area where the car 2 or the counterweight 3 is likely to collide with the maintenance worker 20. The non-contact detection of either the car 2 or the maintenance worker 20 entering the area 23 is performed.

  With such a configuration, in addition to the effects described in the third embodiment, the car 2 is lowered in a situation where the maintenance worker 20 does not block the sensor shafts 19n of the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b when working in the pit 10 part. Even if an unexpected movement occurs, there is an effect that the car 2 that has been lowered shuts off the sensor shaft 19n and the traveling of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 can be suppressed.

  Further, with the minimum necessary equipment similar to that of the third embodiment, it is possible to reduce the time and effort of mounting work and the like, and it is possible to ensure higher safety of the maintenance worker 20 while greatly reducing costs.

  In the above-described fourth embodiment, the example in which the mounting brackets 17a and 17b are extended to the car 2 side has been described. Conversely, the mounting brackets 17a and 17b fixing the multi-optical axis sensor 18a are opposite to the car 2 in the opposite direction. When the other optical axis sensor 18b is attached to the same mounting brackets 17c and 17d as in the third embodiment, the sensor shaft 19n is viewed from the height direction of the hoistway 1. It is also possible to install so as to block a part of the vertical projection surface of the counterweight 3.

  With this configuration, when the maintenance worker 20 performs maintenance work in the hoistway 1, the area 23 is located below the hoistway 1 as an area where the counterweight 3 is likely to collide with the maintenance worker 20. It is installed, and it is possible to detect without contact that either the weight 3 or the maintenance worker 20 has entered the area 23.

  With such a configuration, in addition to the effects described in the third embodiment, the counterweight 3 is lowered in a situation where the maintenance worker 20 does not block the sensor shaft 19n of the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b when working in the pit 10 section. Thus, in the situation where the maintenance worker 20 and the counterweight 3 approach each other, there is an effect that the traveling of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 can be suppressed.

  Further, with the minimum necessary equipment similar to that of the third embodiment, it is possible to reduce the time and effort of mounting work and the like, and it is possible to ensure higher safety of the maintenance worker 20 while greatly reducing costs.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the counterweight is lowered to the pit 10 and approaches the maintenance worker 20. In this embodiment, components corresponding to the same components as those in the first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Differences from the third to fifth embodiments will be described with reference to FIG.

  In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 17a fixing the multi-optical axis sensor 18a is directed toward the car 2, and the mounting bracket 17c fixing the multi-optical axis sensor 18b is directed toward the wall of the hoistway 1 opposite to the car 2. is set up. The sensor shaft 19n, which is the optical axis of the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b, crosses both the vertical projection plane of the car 2 and the vertical projection plane of the counterweight 2 when viewed from the height direction of the hoistway 1. It is installed diagonally. The lower end of the sensor shaft 19n is installed with a certain safety distance α secured from the head of the maintenance worker 20.

  In the present embodiment, it is not always necessary for the maintenance worker 20 to shut off the sensor shaft 19n, and by detecting the car 2 or the counterweight 3, it is confirmed that the car 2 or the counterweight 3 has approached the maintenance worker 20. Since the driving of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 can be stopped by detection, the safety can be further increased. In addition, since the number of sensor shafts 19n can be minimized, it is possible to reduce the labor required for installation work, etc. with the minimum necessary equipment, and to increase the safety of the maintenance worker 20 while greatly reducing the cost. Can be secured. Moreover, the effect that the action range of the maintenance worker 20 can be expanded can also be expected.

  In the above-described first to sixth embodiments, the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b, which are non-contact sensors, are described as an example in the vicinity of the middle of the entire height of the hoistway 1 or near the bottom of the hoistway 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be provided both near the middle of the entire height of the hoistway 1 and near the bottom of the hoistway 1. For example, the first or second embodiment in which the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b are installed near the middle of the total height of the hoistway 1 and the third to sixth embodiments in which the multi-optical axis sensors 18a and 18b are installed near the bottom of the hoistway 1 are combined. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain an elevator maintenance safety device that ensures the safety of the maintenance worker 20 while having the effects obtained in the respective embodiments.

  It is also possible to combine this embodiment with a technique for grasping the position of the car 2 and the counterweight 3 from the driving amount of the hoisting machine 5 and the sensor for detecting the position of the car 2 and the counterweight 3. And, for example, by a technique for grasping the position of the car 2 and the counterweight 3, a pit in which the car 2 or the counterweight 3 is located at the bottom of the hoistway 1 near the intermediate point of the hoistway 1 where the counterweight 2 and the counterweight 3 approach. When approaching 10, it is possible to further improve the safety of the maintenance worker 20 by performing control such as slow driving so that the driving speed can be reduced and stopped at any time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an overall outline of an elevator maintenance safety device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view seen from the perpendicular direction of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the car and the counterweight approached. It is explanatory drawing which shows the place where the head of the maintenance worker of FIG. 1 reached the uppermost end part of the sensor shaft. It is a schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating the whole outline | summary of the safety apparatus at the time of the maintenance of the elevator concerning Example 2 of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating the whole outline | summary of the safety device at the time of the maintenance of the elevator concerning Example 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the balance weight fell in the pit in Example 3, and approached the maintenance worker. It is the top view seen from the perpendicular direction with respect to the hoistway of the elevator concerning Example 4 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the balance weight fell in the pit in Example 4, and approached the maintenance worker. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the balance weight fell in the pit in Example 6, and approached the maintenance worker.

Explanation of symbols

1 hoistway 2 car 2a safety fence 3 counterweight 4 main rope (rope)
5 Hoisting machine 6 Machine room 7 Curling wheel 8 Bottom floor 9 Top floor 10 Pit 11a, 11b Guide rail (car side)
12a, 12b Car side rail bracket 13a, 13b Guide rail (balanced weight side)
14a, 14b Balanced weight side rail bracket 15 Building side door 16 Car side doors 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d Mounting brackets 18a, 18b Multi-optical axis sensor (non-contact sensor)
19n Sensor axis (optical axis)
20 Maintenance workers 21, 22, and 23 areas

Claims (8)

A car that moves up and down in the hoistway and a counterweight;
A rope for suspending the cage and the counterweight;
A hoisting machine for moving the car and the counterweight up and down;
A guide rail for guiding the car and the counterweight;
With
When the maintenance worker performs maintenance work in the hoistway, the car, the counterweight, or the maintenance worker's area is likely to collide with the maintenance worker. An elevator maintenance safety device, wherein a non-contact sensor for detecting at least one of them entering non-contact is provided on the inner wall of the hoistway or the guide rail.   2. The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact sensor is near the middle of the total height of the hoistway, near the bottom of the hoistway, or near the middle of the total height of the hoistway and the bottom of the hoistway. Elevator maintenance safety device, which is installed in both nearby areas.   3. The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact sensor is configured to operate during maintenance work, and a maintenance operation speed of the car when an abnormality occurs in the non-contact sensor. A safety device for maintenance of an elevator, characterized in that the value is 1/2 or less.   The elevator maintenance safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the non-contact sensor is a multi-optical axis sensor.   The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 4, wherein the optical axis of the multi-optical axis sensor is installed between the car and the counterweight.   5. The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 4, wherein the optical axis of the multi-optical axis sensor is installed so as to cross a vertical projection plane of the car when viewed from a height direction of the hoistway. Elevator maintenance safety device as a feature.   5. The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 4, wherein the optical axis of the multi-optical axis sensor is installed so as to cross a vertical projection surface of the counterweight when viewed from a height direction of the hoistway. Elevator maintenance safety device characterized by   5. The elevator maintenance safety device according to claim 4, wherein both the vertical projection plane of the car and the vertical projection plane of the counterweight when the optical axis of the multi-optical axis sensor is viewed from the height direction of the hoistway. A safety device for maintenance of an elevator characterized by being installed across the road.

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