JP2010022131A - Capacitive component series circuit, power supply apparatus and power conversion apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a capacitive component series circuit which efficiently reduces wiring inductance. <P>SOLUTION: An interval between a positive electrode terminal 1a and a negative electrode terminal 1b, which a capacitor 1 has, is equal to that between a positive electrode terminal 2a and a negative electrode terminal 2b, which a capacitor 2 has. Wiring 3 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 1b and the positive electrode terminal 2a. One end of wiring 4 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 1a and it extends toward the capacitor 2 in almost parallel to wiring 3. One end of wiring 5 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 2b and it extends toward the capacitor 1 in almost parallel to wiring 3. An angle θ1 which a straight line connecting the positive electrode terminal 1a and the negative electrode terminal 1b makes with respect to a segment where the negative electrode terminal 1b and the positive electrode terminal 1a are set to be both ends has the same value as an angle θ2 which a straight line connecting the positive electrode terminal 2a and the negative electrode terminal 2b makes with respect to the segment, and both angles are below 90 degrees. The segment is almost parallel to a segment where the negative electrode terminal 2b and the positive electrode terminal 1a are set to be both ends. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a capacitive component series circuit, a power supply device, and a power conversion device, and more particularly to a technique for reducing wiring inductance.

  In the power converter, when the switching element of the inverter is switched from on to off, a surge voltage may be generated due to energy stored in the inductance of the wiring connecting the smoothing capacitor and the inverter.

  For example, a bypass capacitor or a snubber circuit that bypasses the energy stored in the wiring is provided to protect the switching element of the inverter.

  A technique related to the present invention is described in Patent Document 1.

JP 2007-116861 A

  However, when a bypass capacitor or a snubber circuit is provided, there is a problem that the circuit scale increases.

  Further, a technique for reducing the wiring inductance of a capacitor circuit that reduces the withstand voltage of each capacitor by connecting a plurality of capacitors in series has been demanded.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a capacitive component series circuit that can efficiently reduce wiring inductance.

  A first aspect of the capacitive component series circuit according to the present invention includes a first capacitive component (1) having a first positive terminal (1a) and a first negative terminal (1b), and a second positive terminal (2a). ) And a second negative electrode terminal (2b), and an interval between the second positive electrode terminal and the second negative electrode terminal is equal to an interval between the first positive electrode terminal and the first negative electrode terminal. A second capacitive component (2), a first wiring (3) having both ends, one end connected to the first negative terminal and the other end to the second positive terminal, and both ends, one end Is connected to the first positive terminal and extends toward the second capacitive component substantially parallel to the first wiring, and has both ends, one end of the second negative terminal A third wiring (5) connected to the first wiring and extending substantially parallel to the first wiring toward the first capacitive component, and the first negative terminal; A first angle (θ1) formed by a straight line connecting the first positive electrode terminal and the first negative electrode terminal with respect to a line segment having both ends of the second positive electrode terminal; and the second angle with respect to the line segment. The second angle (θ2) formed by the straight line connecting the positive electrode terminal and the second negative electrode terminal is the same value and less than 90 degrees, and the line segment, the second negative electrode terminal, and the first positive electrode The line segment having the terminal as both ends is substantially parallel, and the wiring length that is the length between both ends of the second wiring and the wiring length of the third wiring are equal to each other.

  A second aspect of the capacitive component series circuit according to the present invention is the capacitive component series circuit according to the first aspect, wherein the first wiring (3) and the second wiring (4) overlap each other. The first wiring (3) and the third wiring (5) are overlapped.

  A third aspect of the capacitive component series circuit according to the present invention is the capacitive component series circuit according to the first or second aspect, wherein a third capacitive component interposed in the first wiring (3) is provided. In addition.

  A first aspect of the power supply device according to the present invention includes a capacitive component series circuit (10) according to any one of the first to third aspects, the alternating current voltage converted into a direct current voltage, and the second wiring ( 4) and a conversion unit (20) to be applied between the third wiring (5).

  A first aspect of the power conversion device according to the present invention includes a capacitive component series circuit (10) according to any one of the first to third aspects, and the second wiring by converting an AC voltage into a DC voltage. Converter (20) applied between the first wiring and the third wiring, and the DC voltage applied between the second wiring (4) and the third wiring (5) is converted into an AC voltage and output. And an inverter (30).

  According to the first aspect of the capacitive component series circuit according to the present invention, the distance between the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal is equal to the distance between the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal. . A line segment having both ends of the first negative electrode terminal and the second positive electrode terminal is parallel to a line segment having both ends of the second negative electrode terminal and the first positive electrode terminal. Further, the first angle and the second angle are the same, and the wiring lengths of the second wiring and the third wiring are equal to each other. Therefore, between the other end of the second wiring and the other end of the third wiring is located substantially at the center of the first wiring, and the balance between the other end of the second wiring and the other end of the third wiring can be enhanced. . In addition, the current flowing through the first wiring and the current flowing through the second wiring and the third wiring are opposite to each other, and the first angle and the second angle are less than 90 degrees. The distance between the first wiring and the third wiring can be reduced. Therefore, wiring inductance concerning the first wiring, the second wiring, and the third wiring can be reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the capacitive component series circuit of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the influence of external noise.

  According to the third aspect of the capacitive component series circuit of the present invention, the breakdown voltage of the first to third capacitive components can be reduced.

  According to the first aspect of the power supply device of the present invention, since the wiring inductance of the capacitive component series circuit can be reduced, it is possible to provide a power supply device in which a surge voltage hardly occurs.

  According to the first aspect of the power conversion device of the present invention, since the inductance of the capacitive component series circuit can be reduced, it is possible to provide a power conversion device that is unlikely to generate a surge voltage.

First embodiment.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a conceptual configuration of the capacitive component series circuit according to the first embodiment. The capacitive component series circuit 10 includes capacitive components 1 and 2 and wirings 3, 4 and 5.

  The capacitive parts 1 and 2 are capacitors or batteries. Here, a description will be given using capacitors as the capacitive components 1 and 2. Hereinafter, the capacitive component series circuit is referred to as a capacitor circuit, and the capacitive component is referred to as a capacitor. The capacitors 1 and 2 are, for example, electrolytic capacitors.

  Capacitors 1 and 2 have positive terminals 1a and 2a and negative terminals 1b and 2b, respectively. In FIG. 1, the aspect by which the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal were provided in the upper surface of the cylindrical electrolytic capacitor is illustrated. In FIG. 1, the outer shape of the upper surface of the electrolytic capacitor is indicated by a broken line. That is, FIG. 1 is a top view of the capacitor circuit with the electrical symbols of capacitors 1 and 2. The interval between the positive electrode terminal 1 a and the negative electrode terminal 1 b of the capacitor 1 is equal to the interval between the positive electrode terminal 2 a and the negative electrode terminal 2 b of the capacitor 2.

  The wirings 3, 4, and 5 are, for example, wire harnesses. The wirings 3, 4 and 5 have an inductance component. In FIG. 1, wirings 3, 4, and 5 are shown as reactors having an inductance component. If the wirings 3, 4 and 5 are wire harnesses, they are lighter than parallel plate wirings (for example, bus bars), and thus are suitable when the capacitor circuit 10 is mounted on an automobile, for example. Moreover, it is easy to change the arrangement of the capacitors 1 and 2.

  The wiring 3 has both ends, one end connected to the negative terminal 1 b of the capacitor 1 and the other end connected to the positive terminal 2 a of the capacitor 2.

  The wiring 4 has both ends 4 a and 4 b, and one end 4 a is connected to the positive terminal 1 a of the capacitor 1 and extends toward the capacitor 2 substantially parallel to the wiring 3.

  The wiring 5 has both ends 5 a and 5 b, and one end 5 a is connected to the negative terminal 2 b of the capacitor 2 and extends toward the capacitor 1 substantially parallel to the wiring 3. The length between both ends 5 a and 5 b of the wiring 5 (hereinafter referred to as wiring length) is equal to the wiring length of the wiring 4.

  The capacitors 1 and 2 satisfy the positional relationship described below. That is, the angles θ1 and θ2 are equal to each other, and both are less than 90 degrees. The angle θ1 is the smaller of the angles formed by the straight line connecting the positive terminal 1a and the negative terminal 1b of the capacitor 1 with respect to the line segment having the negative terminal 1b of the capacitor 1 and the positive terminal 2a of the capacitor 2 as both ends. Is an angle. The angle θ2 is the smaller of the angles formed by a straight line connecting the positive electrode terminal 2a and the negative electrode terminal 2b of the capacitor 2 with respect to the line segment.

  The line segment and the line segment having both ends of the positive electrode terminal 1a of the capacitor 1 and the negative electrode terminal 2b of the capacitor 2 are substantially parallel to each other. In other words, the wirings 4 and 5 are arranged on the same side with respect to the wiring 3.

  In the capacitor circuit 10 having such a configuration, the other end 4 b of the wiring 4 and the other end 5 b of the wiring 5 are located at substantially the center of the wiring 3. Since the capacitor circuit 10 has a shape substantially symmetrical with respect to a straight line connecting the other end 4b of the wiring 4 and the other end 5b of the wiring 5 and the center of the wiring 3, the other end 4b of the wiring 4 and the wiring 5 The balance with the other end 5b can be increased.

  Further, a DC voltage is applied between the other end 4 b of the wiring 4 and the other end 5 b of the wiring 5 with the other end 4 b of the wiring 4 as a high potential side. Therefore, the current flowing through the wiring 4 and the current flowing through the wiring 3 are in opposite directions. Similarly, the current flowing through the wiring 5 and the current flowing through the wiring 3 are in opposite directions. Therefore, the magnetic coupling of the wirings 3 and 4 and the magnetic coupling of the wirings 3 and 5 reduce the wiring inductance.

  Moreover, the angles θ1 and θ2 are less than 90 degrees. Therefore, compared with the case where the angles θ1 and θ2 exceed 90 degrees, the distance between the wirings 3 and 4 is reduced while reducing the wiring length of the wirings 4 and 5 when the wiring length of the wiring 3 is constant. In addition, the distance between the wirings 4 and 5 can be shortened. The wiring inductance can be reduced by reducing the wiring length, and the magnetic coupling is strengthened by shortening the distance, so that the wiring inductance can be further reduced.

  As described above, the wiring inductance can be efficiently reduced while improving the balance between the other end 4b of the wiring 4 and the other end 5b of the wiring 5.

  As described above, from the viewpoint of reducing the wiring inductance, it is preferable that the wiring lengths of the wirings 4 and 5 are short, and the angles θ1 and θ2 are preferably small, but structural limitations of the device in which the capacitor circuit 10 is provided, The wiring lengths and the angles θ1 and θ2 of the wirings 3, 4, and 5 are determined in consideration of heat-resisting restrictions and restrictions on electrical insulation.

  FIG. 2 shows a conceptual configuration of a portion corresponding to one capacitor when small values are adopted as the angles θ1 and θ2 in FIG. However, the wirings 3 and 4 are taken out only in dimensions that are almost within the upper surface of the capacitor. In view of the symmetry of the capacitor circuit 10 in FIG. 1, the capacitor shown in FIG. In that case, the wiring 4 is read as the wiring 5. In the following description, the capacitor 1 will be representatively described.

  FIG. 3 shows a conceptual example of a capacitor when 90 degrees is adopted as the angles θ1 and θ2 as a conventional example. As in FIG. 2, one of the two capacitors included in the capacitor circuit is shown, and the wirings 3 and 4 are taken out only with dimensions that are substantially within the upper surface of the capacitor. In FIG. 3, while adopting 90 degrees as the angles θ1 and θ2, by making the shapes of the wirings 3 and 4 substantially L-shaped, the area where the distance between the two becomes small is lengthened and the wiring inductance is reduced. is doing. The wiring 3 extends from the negative electrode terminal 1b toward the positive electrode terminal 1a, and is bent by 90 degrees at substantially the center between the positive electrode terminal 1a and the negative electrode terminal 1b. Similarly, the wiring 4 extends from the positive terminal 1 a toward the negative terminal 1 b, bends at substantially the center between the positive terminal 1 a and the negative terminal 1 b, and extends along the wiring 3.

  Hereinafter, the wiring inductance according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wiring inductance was calculated under the following conditions. That is, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the widths W of the wirings 3 and 4 are both 10 mm, the interval between the wirings 3 and 4 in the vertical direction on the paper is 1 mm, the thickness of the wirings 3 and 4 in the direction perpendicular to the paper is 35 μm, The frequency of the current flowing through 4 was 3 MHz. The length L1 of the wiring 3 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is 90 mm, and the length L2 of the wiring 4 in FIG. 3 is 90 mm.

  As a result, the self-inductance of the wiring 3 shown in FIG. 3 was 56.393 nH, and the self-inductance of the wiring 4 was 55.299 nH. The mutual inductance of the wirings 3 and 4 was 8.1179 nH. Therefore, the wiring inductance concerning the wiring 3 and 4 shown in FIG. 3 was 56.393 + 55.299-2 × 8.1179 = 95.4562 nH.

  On the other hand, the self-inductance of the wiring 3 shown in FIG. 2 was 67.248 nH, and the self-inductance of the wiring 4 was 3.0974 nH. Moreover, the mutual inductance of the wirings 3 and 4 was 3.2571nH. Therefore, the wiring inductance concerning wiring 3 and 4 shown in FIG. 2 was 67.248 + 3.0974-2 × 3.2571 = 63.8312 nH.

  As described above, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the wiring inductance can be reduced as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG.

  In both the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the configurations of the wirings 3, 4, 5 protruding from the upper surface of the capacitor can be the same shape. This is because, in any aspect, the wirings 3 and 4 (or the wirings 3 and 5) extend from the upper surface of the capacitor to the same extent from substantially the center of the upper surface of the capacitor. In this case, the magnitude relation of the wiring inductance as the capacitor circuit depends on the magnitude of the wiring inductance related to a portion corresponding to one capacitor shown in FIGS. Therefore, the wiring inductance in the capacitor circuit 10 employing the capacitors 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 2 is smaller than the wiring inductance in the capacitor circuit 10 employing the capacitors 1 and 2 shown in FIG.

  Further, referring to FIG. 1, when small values are adopted as the angles θ1 and θ2, the capacitor circuit 10 can be regarded as almost equivalent to a dipole antenna for a high-frequency current, so that noise in the normal mode can be reduced. .

Further, it is desirable that the inductance of the wiring 3 and the inductance of the wirings 4 and 5 are made substantially equal by adjusting the wiring length and the cross-sectional area of the wirings 3, 4 and 5. More specifically, assuming that the cross-sectional area of the wiring 3 is S1, the cross-sectional areas of the wirings 4 and 5 are the same S2, and the wiring lengths of the wirings 3, 4, and 5 are D1, D2, and D3, respectively.
D1 / (D2 + D3) = S1 / S2 (1)
It is desirable to satisfy. As a result, the balance can be increased and, for example, noise in the normal mode can be reduced.

  When there is a concern about the influence of common mode noise, the impedance applied to the wirings 4 and 5 may be matched with the impedance applied to the wiring 3.

  The wirings 3 and 4 and the wirings 3 and 5 may be alternately stacked. As a result, the wiring inductance can be further reduced, and the closed loop area of the current path can be further reduced, so that the influence of noise can be reduced.

  The angles θ1 and θ2 may be substantially zero degrees. FIG. 4 shows an example of a conceptual configuration of the capacitor circuit 10 when the angles θ1 and θ2 are substantially zero degrees. The wiring 3 overlaps the wirings 4 and 5 in a height direction (vertical direction in the drawing) perpendicular to the surface of the capacitors 1 and 2 on which the positive terminals 1a and 2a and the negative terminals 1b and 2b are provided. Such an overlap may be realized, for example, by bending the connection portions 3a and 3b provided at both ends of the wiring 3 in the height direction. Moreover, the wiring 3 may be curved.

  In addition, although the capacitor circuit 10 described above has two capacitors, there may be three or more. In this case, a plurality of capacitors are interposed on the wiring 3. In this case, since the voltage applied to one capacitor decreases, a capacitor having a low withstand voltage can be used.

Second embodiment.
FIG. 5 shows an example of a conceptual configuration of the power conversion device having the capacitor circuit according to the first embodiment. The power conversion device includes, for example, a converter 20, a capacitor circuit 10, and an inverter 30. The converter 20 converts the AC voltage from the power source E1 into a DC voltage and outputs it to the capacitor circuit 10. The capacitor circuit 10 smoothes the DC voltage. The inverter 30 has a plurality of switch elements (not shown), converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage by a switching operation of the switch elements, and outputs the AC voltage to the load M1.

  Inductive energy is accumulated in the wiring due to such a switching operation. However, according to the capacitor circuit 10, since the wiring inductance can be reduced, a surge voltage due to the inductive energy can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the converter 20 also has a switch element, and an alternating voltage may be converted into a direct voltage by the switching operation of the switch element. Even in this case, the surge voltage due to the switching operation can be suppressed. Note that the portion composed of the converter 20 and the capacitor circuit 10 can also be grasped as a power supply device.

  As described above, it is possible to cope with the surge voltage without providing a bypass capacitor or a snubber circuit for the purpose of suppressing the surge voltage. Therefore, it is effective in simplifying the circuit and saving resources.

It is a figure which shows an example of a notional structure of a capacitor circuit. It is a figure which shows the part corresponded to one capacitor | condenser. It is a figure which shows the part corresponded to one capacitor | condenser. It is a figure which shows another example of a notional structure of a capacitor circuit. It is a figure which shows an example of a notional structure of the power converter device using a capacitor circuit.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2 Capacitor 10 Capacitor circuit 20 Converter 30 Inverter 1a, 2a Positive terminal 1b, 2b Negative terminal 3, 4, 5 Wiring θ1, θ2 Angle

Claims (5)

A first capacitive component (1) having a first positive terminal (1a) and a first negative terminal (1b);
A second positive electrode terminal (2a) and a second negative electrode terminal (2b) are provided, and an interval between the second positive electrode terminal and the second negative electrode terminal is set between the first positive electrode terminal and the first negative electrode terminal. A second capacitive component (2) equal to the spacing between
A first wiring (3) having both ends, one end connected to the first negative terminal and the other end connected to the second positive terminal;
A second wiring (4) having both ends, one end connected to the first positive electrode terminal and extending substantially parallel to the first wiring toward the second capacitive component;
A third wiring (5) having both ends, one end connected to the second negative terminal and extending toward the first capacitive component substantially parallel to the first wiring;
A first angle (θ1) formed by a straight line connecting the first positive electrode terminal and the first negative electrode terminal with respect to a line segment having both ends of the first negative electrode terminal and the second positive electrode terminal; The second angle (θ2) formed by the straight line connecting the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal is the same value, and both are less than 90 degrees,
The line segment and the line segment having both ends of the second negative electrode terminal and the first positive electrode terminal are substantially parallel;
The capacitive component series circuit (10), wherein the wiring length between both ends of the second wiring and the wiring length of the third wiring are equal to each other.   The said 1st wiring (3) and the said 2nd wiring (4) are rolled up, and the said 1st wiring (3) and the said 3rd wiring (5) are rolled up and overlapped. Capacitive component series circuit.   The capacitive component series circuit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a third capacitive component interposed in the first wiring (3). Capacitive component series circuit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A power supply apparatus comprising: a converter (20) that converts an alternating voltage into a direct voltage and applies the voltage between the second wiring (4) and the third wiring (5). Capacitive component series circuit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A converter (20) for converting an AC voltage into a DC voltage and applying the voltage between the second wiring and the third wiring;
A power converter comprising: an inverter (30) that converts the DC voltage applied between the second wiring (4) and the third wiring (5) into an AC voltage and outputs the AC voltage.

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