JP2010001102A - Elevator hoisting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator hoisting machine capable of reducing a deposition amount of an abrasion powder on a braking surface. <P>SOLUTION: An outer peripheral surface of a rotor 51 is made to the braking surfaces 3a, 3b, a shoe 2a is slid on the braking surface 3a, and a shoe 2b is slid on the braking surface 3b. Thereby, even if it is provided with two pairs of brake mechanisms, since one shoe slides on one braking surface, the abrasion powder deposited on one braking surface can be approximately reduced to a half as compared with the one in which the two shoes slide on one braking surface as conventional. Accordingly, it can be made to the brake device with high reliability having stable braking force in which the deposition amount of the abrasion powder on the braking surface can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator hoisting machine including a brake device that generates a braking force.

  An elevator hoisting machine is generally configured to include a motor for driving a lifting body and a braking means for braking movement of the lifting body, that is, a brake device. In addition to the means for holding the lifting body stationary, the brake device is also provided with a means for performing emergency braking when the lifting body speeds up abnormally. And in order to improve the reliability of a brake device, in overseas standards, while providing two sets of brake mechanisms which perform braking and its cancellation | release, it is obliged that each brake device functions independently.

Conventionally, such two sets of brake mechanisms are provided. First and second braking arms each having a shoe disposed on the braking surface of the rotor and having one end rotatably supported, and the shoe presses the braking surface. The brake springs provided at the other end portions of the first and second brake arms so as to brake the rotor and the other end portions of the first and second brake arms are arranged so as to operate. An electromagnet composed of iron and an electromagnetic coil and an iron piece provided opposite to the magnetic pole surface of the electromagnet. The first and second counteract the spring force of the braking spring by the electromagnetic attractive force when the electromagnet is energized. An electromagnetic brake device comprising an electromagnetic device that drives the braking arm of the motor and releases the pressing force of the shoe to release the braking of the rotor. The electromagnetic device comprises two sets of electromagnets and iron pieces, One of the electromagnet or iron piece is fixed and the other is movably provided Together, there is that so as to drive each of the first and second brake arms through the electromagnet or iron piece of the movable side (e.g., see Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-266362 (paragraph numbers 0057 to 0060, FIG. 1)

  The above-mentioned conventional one increases the reliability of the brake device by providing two sets of brake mechanisms. However, the wear powder of the shoe generated by the sliding of the shoe and the rotor adheres to the sliding surface. No particular consideration is given to suppressing or promoting the discharge of wear powder. That is, if wear powder adheres to the braking surface due to sliding between the shoe and the rotor, there is a possibility that a stable braking force cannot be obtained, and improvement has been desired in terms of improving the reliability of the brake device.

  The present invention has been made from the above-described prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an elevator hoisting machine that can reduce the amount of wear powder adhering to a braking surface.

  In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a sheave around which a rope is wound, a rotor that rotationally drives the sheave, and a pair of shoes disposed to face the rotor. And an elevator hoisting machine including a brake device that generates a braking force by pressing the shoe against the rotor, wherein the inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral surface of the rotor is a braking surface, and each of the shoes is It is characterized by sliding at different positions in the width direction of the braking surface.

  In the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention configured as described above, the braking surface provided on the rotor is divided into two in the width direction, that is, the axial direction of the hoisting machine, and a pair of shoes slide on the respective braking surfaces. I did it. As a result, the abrasion powder of the shoe adhering to one braking surface can be halved in comparison with the conventional one in which two shoes brake one braking surface.

  The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the braking surface is formed by providing two annular portions having different diameters on an inner peripheral surface or an outer peripheral surface of the rotor.

  In the invention according to claim 2 configured as described above, two annular portions having different diameters are provided on the inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and two braking surfaces are formed by these annular portions. Since the respective braking surfaces are at different heights in this way, the wear powder generated on one braking surface is less likely to affect the other braking surface.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that a diameter of the annular portion located on the sheave side is set smaller than a diameter of the annular portion located on the non-sheave side.

  In the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention configured as described above, the wear powder is reduced on the sheave side by setting the diameter of the annular portion located on the sheave side to be smaller than the diameter of the annular portion located on the opposite sheave side. It becomes easy to be discharged.

  In the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is used as the braking surface, and the braking surface is inclined, and the inclination is opposite to the diameter of the outer periphery of the braking surface on the sheave side. It is formed by making it smaller than the diameter of the outer periphery of the braking surface on the sheave side.

  In the invention according to the fourth aspect of the present invention configured as described above, the wear powder adhering to the braking surface is easily discharged to the sheave side due to the inclination of the braking surface and the effect of the wind flowing on the surface of the braking surface.

  In the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, the housing fixedly supporting the rotor is provided with an opening disposed so as to cover the rotor, and the diameter of the sheave side of the opening is larger than the diameter of the non-sheave side. It is characterized by a large setting.

  In the invention according to claim 5 configured as described above, since the rotor is covered with the opening of the housing, it is possible to prevent scattering of wear powder. Further, when the sheave starts to rotate, wind is generated, so that the wear powder is discharged to a predetermined position on the sheave side along an inclination due to the effect of gravity.

  The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that an annular groove is provided in the rotor so as to separate one of the braking surfaces and the other of the braking surfaces.

  In the invention according to claim 6 of the present invention configured as described above, since there is an annular groove between one braking surface and the other braking surface, the wear powder adhering to one braking surface is It becomes difficult to move to the braking surface.

  In the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is used as the braking surface, and an annular step portion having a diameter larger than that of the braking surface is formed at an end portion on the non-sheave side of the rotor. It is characterized by.

  In the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention configured as described above, an annular step having a diameter larger than that of the braking surface is formed at the end of the rotor on the side opposite to the sheave. It is possible to prevent the powder from being mixed into the adjacent device.

  The invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is characterized in that the shoe has an inclination parallel to an inclination of the braking surface.

  In the invention according to the eighth aspect of the present invention configured as described above, a shoe structure suitable for a braking surface provided with an inclination can be obtained.

  According to the present invention, since one shoe slides on one braking surface even if two sets of brake mechanisms are provided, two shoes slide on one braking surface as in the prior art. Compared to what is to be done, the wear powder adhering to one braking surface can be halved. Further, the attached wear powder is easily discharged to the sheave side due to the taper shape of the braking surface and the effect of the wind flowing on the surface of the braking surface. As a result, the amount of wear powder adhering to the braking surface can be reduced, and a highly reliable brake device having a stable braking force can be obtained.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of an elevator hoist according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of an elevator hoist according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the elevator hoist along the line AA ′ of FIG. FIG.

  The hoisting machine of this embodiment is provided in a machine room-less elevator, for example, and is installed in a hoistway. A sheave 5 around which a rope 4 is wound and a rotor 51 provided integrally with the sheave 5. And a brake device for braking the same. In the rotor configuration of the present embodiment, the stator core 52 is disposed inside the rotor 51, and the rotor 51 is an outer rotor that rotates outside the stator core 52.

  The brake device is provided with two annular portions having different diameters on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 51 to form the braking surfaces 3a and 3b, and the pair of shoes 2a and 2b and the shoes 2a and 2b are fixed to one end. A pair of levers 1a and 1b, lever fulcrums 6a and 6b that serve as pivotal fulcrums for the levers 1a and 1b, electromagnetic coils 7a and 7b that drive the levers 1a and 1b at the other ends, and shoes 2a and 2b that act as braking surfaces. Brake springs 8a and 8b that press against 3a and 3b are provided. The shoes 2a, 2b are pressed against the braking surfaces 3a, 3b by the braking springs 8a, 8b when the electromagnetic coils 7a, 7b are not energized, and the car (not shown) remains stationary. On the other hand, when the car is moved up and down, the electromagnetic coils 7a and 7b are energized to attract the lower ends of the levers 1a and 1b, thereby separating the shoes 2a and 2b from the braking surfaces 3a and 3b. . Thus, while providing two sets of brake mechanisms which perform braking and releasing thereof, the reliability of the brake device is enhanced by allowing each brake device to function independently.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the braking surfaces 3a and 3b are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 51, which is divided into two in the axial direction of the hoisting machine, and the pair of shoes 2a and 2b provided on the left and right are different from each other. Pressed against the surfaces 3a, 3b. That is, the shoe 2a slides on the braking surface 3a and the shoe 2b slides on the braking surface 3b. Further, the two annular portions forming the braking surfaces 3a and 3b have different diameters, and a step is formed between the braking surface 3a and the sliding surface 3b. As a result, it is possible to prevent wear powder, dust or the like adhering to one braking surface 3a, 3b from moving to the other braking surface 3a, 3b. If the difference in diameter between the two annular portions is several millimeters, it is sufficient to prevent the movement of wear powder or dust. Further, if the brake springs 8a and 8b having the same specifications are used and the pressing force is adjusted according to the smaller diameter of the annular portion, it is not necessary to change the specifications of the pair of springs 8a and 8b and the electromagnetic coils 7a and 7b.

  Generally, the braking torque required for the brake device is smaller as the diameter D2 of the sheave 5 is smaller. On the other hand, the larger the diameter D1 of the rotor 51, the smaller the pressing force required for the shoes 2a, 2b. That is, the larger the D2 / D1, the smaller the brake device. In the configuration of the outer rotor, since the rotor 51 rotates outside the stator core 52, D2 / D1 can be easily increased. Therefore, the shoes 2a and 2b can be easily downsized. In the present embodiment, since the braking surfaces 3a and 3b are divided in the axial direction of the hoisting machine, the widths of the shoes 2a and 2b are similarly reduced. If the shoes 2a and 2b can be reduced in size, it becomes easy to press different braking surfaces 3a and 3b with the narrow shoes 2a and 2b while minimizing the length in the circumferential direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the hoisting machine is installed such that the sheave 5 faces the hoistway wall 41. The sheave 5 and the rotor 51 are formed as an integral part, and the rotational motion is transmitted to the non-sheave side via the encoder shaft 16. The shaft end of the encoder shaft 16 is directly connected to an encoder 20 installed at the end, and the encoder 20 detects the amount of rotation and controls the rotational drive of the hoisting machine. A stator core 52 is disposed in the housing 10 and is configured to perform a rotational motion by controlling the magnetic attractive force with the permanent magnet 13 attached to the inner periphery of the rotor 51. Further, the sheave 5 and the rotor 51 are rotatably attached to the fixed shaft 17 via the bearing 18. Further, an annular step portion 31 having a larger diameter than the braking surfaces 3a and 3b is formed at the end of the rotor 51 on the side opposite to the sheave. In other words, the annular step 31 is higher than the braking surface 3a by the dimension e.

  According to the first embodiment, even if a pair of brake mechanisms are provided, one shoe slides on one braking surface, that is, the shoe 2a has the braking surface 3a and the shoe 2b has By sliding on the braking surface 3b, the wear powder adhering to one braking surface can be halved as compared with the conventional case where two shoes slide on one braking surface. Further, since the braking surfaces 3a and 3b are at different height positions, the wear powder generated on one braking surface 3a and 3b is less likely to affect the other braking surface 3a and 3b. Furthermore, by setting the diameter of the annular portion located on the sheave side forming the braking surface 3b to be smaller than the diameter of the annular portion located on the side opposite to the sheave forming the braking surface 3a, wear powder is easily discharged to the sheave side. Become. As a result, the amount of wear powder adhering to the braking surfaces 3a and 3b can be reduced, and a highly reliable brake device having a stable braking force can be obtained. Further, by forming an annular step 31 at the end of the rotor 51 opposite to the sheave and bringing the outer periphery thereof closer to the housing 10, it is possible to prevent wear powder generated on the braking surface 3a from entering the motor. .

  FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the elevator hoist according to the present invention, which is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the main part taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG. 1. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing equivalent to what was mentioned above.

  In the hoisting machine of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 51 is provided with braking surfaces 3a and 3b, and the braking surfaces 3a and 3b are provided with an inclination. The diameter of the outer periphery of the braking surface 3b on the sheave side is made smaller than the diameter of the outer periphery of the braking surface 3a on the opposite sheave side. That is, the braking surfaces 3a and 3b have a gentle inclination of the taper angle θ2 so that the diameter decreases toward the sheave 5 side. This can be processed simultaneously when cutting the braking surfaces 3a, 3b.

  The rotor 51 is provided with an annular groove 32 so as to separate one braking surface 3a and the other braking surface 3b.

  The shoe 2a has an inclination parallel to the inclination of the braking surface 3a. That is, the shoe 2a has the same taper angle θ3 as the inclination of the braking surface 3a, and the relationship of taper angle θ2 = taper angle θ3 is established. In addition, when a spherical structure (not shown) capable of following the taper angle θ2 is installed on the back surface of the shoe 2a, the taper angle θ2 ≠ taper angle θ3 may be satisfied.

  In the second embodiment, when the sheave 5 rotates, a negative pressure portion is formed inside the motor, and a wind is generated to send air from the inside of the motor to the outside. That is, in the outer rotor system, wind flows on the outer surface of the rotor 51. Although not shown, if a hole is made in the housing 10 and a portion for sucking air from the outside is provided, the air volume is further increased. Therefore, the wear powder adhering to the braking surfaces 3a and 3b is easily discharged to the sheave side by the effect of both the wind and the inclination of the braking surfaces 3a and 3b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the arrangement where the sheave 5 is installed facing the hoistway wall 41, the dimension between the hoistway wall 41 and the hoisting machine is so narrow that a maintenance person cannot enter. The shoe 2a is exchanged from the housing 10 side. Further, the wear state of the shoe 2a and the state of the braking surface 3a are also confirmed from the housing 10 side. For this reason, the housing 10 is provided with an inspection hole 53 for exchanging the shoe 2a and checking the state. In the inspection hole 53, a dimension b sufficiently larger than the thickness dimension a of the shoe 2a is secured. Thereby, the inspection and replacement work of the shoe 2a by visual inspection can be easily performed. Although not shown, in the inner rotor type motor, since the braking surface is inside the rotor, two surfaces can be formed on the braking surface in the same manner. Then, in order to facilitate visual inspection and processing from the housing side, the braking diameter on the non-sheave side may be made larger than the braking diameter on the sheave side.

  According to the second embodiment, the abrasion powder adhering to the braking surfaces 3a and 3b is easily discharged to the sheave side due to the taper shape of the braking surfaces 3a and 3b and the effect of wind flowing on the surfaces of the braking surfaces 3a and 3b. . Further, since the annular groove 32 is provided between the braking surface 3a and the braking surface 3b, the wear powder attached to one braking surface is difficult to move to the other braking surface. As a result, the amount of wear powder adhering to the braking surfaces 3a and 3b can be further reduced, and a highly reliable brake device having a stable braking force can be obtained.

  FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the elevator hoist according to the present invention, and is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ of FIG. 1. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing equivalent to what was mentioned above.

  In the hoisting machine according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the housing 10 that supports the suspension load of the car via the sheave 5, the rotor 51, and the fixed shaft 17 is disposed so as to cover the rotor 51. The opening 21 is provided. Further, the diameter of the opening 21 on the sheave side is set to be larger than the diameter on the non-sheave side. That is, the housing 10 has an inclination of a taper angle θ1 that increases in diameter toward the sheave 5 side.

  In the third embodiment, the wear powder is scattered in the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the rotor 51 by the rotation of the sheave 5, and the wear powder adheres to the braking surface 3 when the sheave 5 stops. When the sheave 5 starts to rotate again, wind is generated as described above, so that wear powder is discharged to the sheave side through the inclination of the braking surface 3 due to the effect of gravity. On the other hand, on the lower half surface of the rotor 51, particularly the lowermost portion, the wear powder falls to the housing 10 side by gravity when the sheave 5 stops. In the present embodiment, as described above, the housing 10 side is provided with an inclination opposite to that of the rotor 51, so that the abrasion powder accumulated on the housing 10 is affected by the effects of gravity and wind generated by the rotation of the sheave 5. 5 will be discharged below.

  According to the third embodiment, since the rotor 51 is covered with the opening 21 of the housing 10, it is possible to prevent wear powder from scattering. Further, when the sheave 51 starts to rotate, wind is generated, so that the wear powder is discharged to a predetermined position on the sheave side through an inclination due to the effect of gravity.

1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of an elevator hoist according to the present invention. It is the horizontal sectional view sectional drawing which looked at the winding machine for elevators along A-A 'of FIG. 1 from upper direction. 2 shows a second embodiment of an elevator hoist according to the present invention, and is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a main part along the line A-A ′ of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line B-B ′ of FIG. 1, showing a third embodiment of the elevator hoist according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1a, 1b Lever 2a, 2b Shoe 3 Braking surface 3a, 3b Braking surface 4 Rope 5 Sheave 6a, 6b Lever fulcrum 7a, 7b Electromagnetic coil 8a, 8b Braking spring 10 Housing 13 Permanent magnet 16 Encoder shaft 17 Fixed shaft 18 Bearing 20 Encoder 21 Opening 31 Annular Step 32 Groove 41 Hoistway Wall 51 Rotor 52 Stator Core 53 Inspection Hole a Maximum Shoe Thickness b Inspection Hole Width e Ring Step Height D1 Rotor Diameter D2 Sheave Diameter θ1 Tapered angle of housing opening θ2 Tapered angle of rotor θ3 Tapered angle of shoe

Claims (8)

A sheave around which a rope is wound, a rotor that rotationally drives the sheave, and a brake device that generates a braking force by pressing the shoe against the rotor, and a pair of shoes disposed opposite to the rotor. In an elevator hoisting machine equipped with
An elevator hoisting machine, wherein an inner peripheral surface or an outer peripheral surface of the rotor is used as a braking surface, and each of the shoes slides at different positions in the width direction of the braking surface.   The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the braking surface is formed by providing two annular portions having different diameters on an inner peripheral surface or an outer peripheral surface of the rotor.   The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 2, wherein a diameter of the annular portion located on the sheave side is set smaller than a diameter of the annular portion located on the non-sheave side.   The outer peripheral surface of the rotor is used as the braking surface, and the braking surface is inclined, and the inclination is smaller than the diameter of the outer periphery of the braking surface on the anti-sheave side. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the elevator hoisting machine is formed.   The housing for fixing and supporting the rotor is provided with an opening disposed so as to cover the rotor, and the diameter of the opening on the sheave side is set larger than the diameter on the non-sheave side. The elevator hoisting machine described.   The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein an annular groove is provided in the rotor so as to separate one braking surface and the other braking surface.   2. The elevator for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral surface of the rotor is used as the braking surface, and an annular step portion having a diameter larger than that of the braking surface is formed at an end portion on the non-sheave side of the rotor. Hoisting machine.   The elevator hoist according to claim 4, wherein the shoe has an inclination parallel to an inclination of the braking surface.

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