JP6606029B2 - Elevator hoisting machine and elevator device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator hoist and an elevator apparatus.

  In recent elevator apparatuses, a machine room for storing machinery such as an elevator hoist (hereinafter abbreviated as hoist) is not provided in the upper part of the hoistway for the purpose of suppressing the height of the building. Therefore, so-called machine room-less elevator devices in which machinery is provided in a hoistway are widespread.

  In the case of this machine room-less elevator device, all devices including the hoisting machine conventionally installed in the machine room are installed in the hoistway. There are various configurations for installing the hoisting machine in the hoistway, but in order to install the hoisting machine in the hoistway, it is necessary to reduce the weight of the hoisting machine. Of course, the weight reduction of the hoisting machine is also required in the elevator apparatus provided with the conventional machine room.

  As a conventional hoisting machine, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that “a rotor block of an electric motor, a driving sheave for hoisting a hoisting rope, and a braking disk of a disc brake are integrated to form a rotating body block. The rotating body block is rotated by a magnetic force acting between the stator and rotor of the electric motor provided in the block, and the rotation of the rotating body block is stopped by pressing the friction material of the disk brake against the side surface of the braking disk. Is described (see summary).

  As another conventional hoisting machine, for example, the structures shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are known. The hoisting machine 110 shown in FIG. 7 is fixed to a machine room or a pit inner wall of a hoistway, etc., and is used for hoisting a hoisting rope linked to an elevator car by a predetermined operation. The housing 101, the sheave 114 that is rotatably attached to the housing 101 and on which the hoisting rope is wound, the brake disc 126 that is provided integrally with the sheave 114 and rotates, and brakes the brake disc 126 An electromagnetic brake device 115. The electromagnetic brake device 115 is fixed to the housing 101 via a large support bracket 147 that encloses the electromagnetic brake device 115.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the brake 115 as viewed from the direction D in FIG. The brake 115 is supported by a support shaft 137 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The support shaft 137 is supported at both ends by the sheave 114 side portion of the support bracket 147 having a width L and a thickness T.

  Since the conventional hoisting machine is constituted by a so-called outer rotor type electric motor, a large braking force is required when braking the rotor portion. For this reason, in order to secure a predetermined amount of braking force applied to the brake disc, two electromagnetic brake devices independent of the brake disc are provided.

JP 2004-299824 A

  However, the support bracket that supports the electromagnetic brake device is high in order to secure sufficient strength against excessive torque during emergency braking received by the electromagnetic brake device and to hold the support shaft stably. Rigidity is required.

  7 and 8, the position of the support shaft 137 and the mounting position of the support bracket 147 to the housing are divided on both sides of the brake disk 126, and the support bracket 147 is also the brake disk 126. Because it must be large and strong across both sides, it was inevitably heavy. As a result, various problems such as large cranes are required for transporting the hoisting machine, such as when the elevator device is newly installed or when the hoisting machine is renewed, and the burden on the installation work for workers is large. Had occurred.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to reduce the weight of the elevator hoisting machine and to reduce the overall size and weight of the elevator hoisting machine and to renew the hoisting machine. It is to make the hoisting machine installation work easier.

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator hoist according to the present invention includes a housing, an annular stator provided in the housing, a main shaft fixed at one end to the center of the stator, and the main shaft. A sheave provided rotatably, a brake disc formed integrally with the sheave, an annular rotor formed integrally with the sheave, and an electromagnetic brake that brakes the brake disc with a pair of brake shoes And a brake bracket that is fixed to the housing and supports the electromagnetic brake device, wherein the electromagnetic brake device holds one brake shoe closer to the housing than the braking surface of the brake disc. And an amateur holding the other brake shoe on the sheave side from the braking surface of the brake disc, and the brake bracket And has a substantially C-shaped cross-section axially of the brake disc side is open, has a supporting shaft for movably supporting the brake body in the axial direction on the housing side than the braking surface of the brake disc, said brake Inside the substantially C-shaped cross section of the bracket is a sliding range in which the brake body moves away from the brake disc, which penetrates the brake body and is fixed to the tip of the brake bracket in the axial direction on the brake disc side. A stopper bolt that restricts the brake body, and a compression spring that is fitted to the stopper bolt between the brake body and the brake bracket and biases the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc. did.

Further, the elevator apparatus of the present invention is disposed in a hoistway that moves up and down in a hoistway of a building, a counterweight, a main rope that suspends the elevator and the counterweight, and the hoistway or in a machine room. A hoisting machine that winds up the main rope, and a guide rail that guides the raising and lowering of the Qianzhi elevating body, the hoisting machine comprising a housing and an annular stator provided in the housing A main shaft having one end fixed to the center of the stator, a sheave rotatably provided on the main shaft, a brake disk formed integrally with the sheave, and an annular formed integrally with the sheave And an electromagnetic brake device that brakes the brake disk with a pair of brake shoes, and a brake bracket that is fixed to the housing and supports the electromagnetic brake device. A brake body that holds one brake shoe on the housing side from the brake surface of the diskette, and an amateur that holds the other brake shoe on the sheave side from the brake surface of the brake disk. The bracket has a substantially C-shaped cross section that opens on the brake disc side in the axial direction, and a support shaft that supports the brake body so as to be movable in the axial direction on the housing side from the braking surface of the brake disc. The inside of the substantially C-shaped cross section of the brake bracket extends through the brake body and is fixed to the tip of the brake bracket on the brake disc side in the axial direction. The brake body extends away from the brake disc. Stopper bolt for limiting the sliding range, the brake body and the brake Fitted in the stopper bolt between the racket was assumed that a compression spring for biasing the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc, is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the weight of the hoist and reduce the overall dimensions.

1 is an overall view of a hoist according to an embodiment. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG.1 (c). 1 is an enlarged view of the main part of each figure. 1 is an overall view of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment. It is sectional drawing at the time of brake braking of an electromagnetic brake device. It is sectional drawing at the time of the brake release of an electromagnetic brake device. It is a general view of the conventional winding machine. It is the principal part enlarged plan view which looked at the conventional electromagnetic brake device from the D direction.

  Embodiments of an elevator apparatus and a hoist according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 is an overall view of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown here, the elevator apparatus of the present embodiment includes a lifting body (car) 401, a counterweight 402, a main rope 403, a hoisting machine 10, a guide rail 404, an emergency stop device 405, An operating lever 406, a governor 407, a sheave 408, and a governing rope 409 are provided.

  An elevating body 401 and a counterweight 402 are suspended from the main rope 403. The hoisting machine 10 is disposed in a machine room 1200 provided in the building 1000. A main rope 403 is wound around the hoisting machine 10. In the machine room 1200, a driving device (not shown) that drives and brakes the hoisting machine 10 is disposed. The driving device causes the main rope 403 to be frictionally driven by rotating the hoisting machine 10, thereby moving the lifting body 401 and the counterweight 402 up and down. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the hoisting machine 10 is arranged in the machine room 1200, but the hoisting machine 10 may be arranged in the hoistway 1100.

  The elevator 401 is installed in a hoistway 1100 provided in the building 1000. The elevating body 401 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown), slidably engages with the guide rail 404, and ascends and descends in the hoistway 1100 while being guided by the guide rail 404. Hereinafter, the direction in which the elevating body 401 and the counterweight 402 move up and down is referred to as the up and down direction.

  The counterweight 402 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown). The plurality of guide devices of the counterweight 402 are slidably engaged with a guide rail (not shown) fixed to the wall surface of the hoistway 1100 and guided in the elevating direction by the guide rail (not shown). Move up and down.

  The emergency stop device 405 is provided on the elevating body 401, holds the guide rail 404 with a wedge in an emergency, and stops the elevating body 401 from descending. The operation lever 406 is pivotally supported by the elevating body 401 and drives the emergency stop device 405. The operation lever 406 is connected to the speed control rope 409.

  The speed governor 407 includes a power source for a driving device that drives the hoisting machine 10 and the power supply for the hoisting machine 10 when the elevating speed of the elevating body 401 exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed). Each power source of a control device (not shown) that controls the drive device is shut off. When the descending speed of the lifting body 401 reaches a second overspeed (for example, 1.4 times the rated speed), the operation lever 406 provided on the lifting body 401 is operated to operate the emergency stop device 405. Thereby, the lifting body 401 is mechanically stopped.

  Next, the hoisting machine 10 of this embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is an overall view of the hoisting machine 10, in which FIG. 1 (a) is a left side view, FIG. 1 (b) is a front view, and FIG. 1 (c) is a right side view. As shown in FIG. 1B, the hoisting machine 10 is provided integrally with the housing 1, the sheave 14 that is rotatably attached to the housing 1, and on which the rope is wound, and the sheave 14. The brake disc 26 is configured to mainly include a brake disc 26 that rotates, an electromagnetic brake device 15 that brakes the brake disc 26, and a brake bracket 50 that is fixed to the mounting portion 1 a of the housing 1. As shown in FIG. 1A, the housing 1 is provided with mounting portions 1a that project radially from the center toward both upper corners. A brake bracket 50 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is attached to the inner surface side of the attachment portion 1a, and an electromagnetic brake device 15 that slides on two support shafts 37 provided in parallel to both ends of the brake bracket 50 is provided. It is installed so as to straddle the brake disc 26. A braking force can be applied to the sheave 14 by sandwiching the brake disc 26 with the brake shoe 27 of the electromagnetic brake device 15.

  In the present embodiment, the attachment portion 1a is provided on the back side (the opposite side of the sheave 14) from the central portion of the casing 1 in the thickness direction. This is because even if a suspension load is applied to the sheave 14 and the housing 1 is deformed to the sheave 14 side, the housing 1 can be deformed by providing the mounting portion 1a on the back side with a small deformation amount. This is because the influence on the brake operation of the electromagnetic brake device 15 can be suppressed.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1C, and is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of the electric motor 7 that applies driving force to the hoisting machine 10 and the structure of the brake shoe 27 that applies braking force to the sheave 14. FIG. As shown here, the housing 1 has an annular storage recess 21 formed on the front side, and a cylindrical support wall 17 is projected from the tip of the boss 16 left in the center of the storage recess 21. Yes. A shaft hole 18 is formed in the axial center position of the support wall 17 and the boss portion 16 so as to penetrate the housing 1, and one end of the main shaft 19 is fixed thereto. A stator 22 of the electric motor 7 is attached to the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the storage recess 21. The stator 22 has a winding and continuously changes the magnetic field by energization.

  Further, the sheave 14 and the brake disk 26 constitute the rotating body block 2 together. The rotating body block 2 has a substantially disk shape as a whole, and its shaft center portion is supported by the main shaft 19 via a bearing 23 and its outer peripheral edge portion is a brake disc 26. And the rotor 31 of the electric motor 7 is extended on one side of the rotating body block 2, and the sheave 14 for operating the hoisting rope is fixed to the other side of the rotating body block 2 with bolts or the like. Yes.

  The rotor 31 of the electric motor 7 includes a cylindrical wall 24 formed integrally with the rotating body block 2 and a permanent magnet 25 fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the cylindrical wall 24. The rotor 31 is inserted into the housing recess 21 of the housing 1, and the magnetic action surfaces of the rotor 31 and the stator 22 are opposed to each other in the radial direction with an air gap interposed therebetween.

  The electromagnetic brake device 15 includes a pair of brake shoes 27a and 27b, an amateur 28 that holds the brake shoe 27a, a brake body (body) 33 that holds the brake shoe 27b, and the like.

  Next, the configuration in the vicinity of the electric brake device 15 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1A, FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1B, and FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view of (c).

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a brake bracket 50 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is fixed by a bolt 52 on the disc brake 26 side of the mounting portion 1 a of the housing 1. A mounting hole 50a is provided on each of the facing surfaces formed at both ends of the brake bracket 50 so as to face each other, and a support shaft 37 is installed so as to straddle these mounting holes 50a. The two support shafts 37 installed in parallel in the brake bracket 50 penetrate through the through holes 33a on both sides of the brake body 33 of the electromagnetic brake device 15 to support the electromagnetic brake device 15 in a cantilever manner. With these configurations, the brake body 33 slides in the thickness direction of the brake bracket 50, and the electromagnetic brake device 15 can move vertically to the disc brake 26.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), inside the brake bracket 50, there are a stopper bolt 35 (stopper) that passes through the brake body 33 and is fixed to the tip of the brake bracket 50, and the brake body 33 and the brake bracket 50. A compression spring 42 fitted to the stopper bolt 35 is provided therebetween. With this configuration, the brake body 33 is biased in a direction away from the disc brake 26, while a sliding range in a direction away from the disc brake 26 is limited. Further, with this configuration, the distance between the brake disk 26 and the brake shoe 27a and the distance between the brake disk 26 and the brake shoe 27b are kept equal.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the armature 28 that is substantially coincident with the center of gravity of the electromagnetic brake device 15 is disposed on the sheave 14 side, and the brake bracket 50 and the support shaft 37 are disposed on the housing 1 side. 1 (c) and FIG. 3 (c), the stopper bolt 35 and the compression spring 42 are arranged so as to be shifted from the center of the support shaft 37 by a distance Y in the outer peripheral direction of the brake disk 26. With this configuration, even when the electromagnetic brake device 15 attempts to displace in the inner circumferential direction of the disc brake 26 due to its own weight when the brake is released, the displacement is hindered by the repulsive force of the compression spring 42, and thus the displacement of the electromagnetic brake device 15 is suppressed. be able to.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is supported by the two support shafts 37 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the support shaft 37 is attached to the housing 1 via the brake bracket 50. Therefore, it is not necessary to configure the brake bracket 50 so as to straddle both surfaces of the disc brake 26, and it is possible to realize a significant reduction in size and weight compared to the conventional bracket.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the support shaft 37 is fastened with a bolt 46 inserted into one hole of the flat plate-like fixing member 39, and the support shaft 37 is attached to the mounting hole of the brake bracket 50. The fixing member 39 is fastened to the brake bracket 50 with a bolt 51 inserted into the other hole of the fixing member 39 after passing through the through hole 33a of the brake body 33 and the support shaft 37. Other fixing methods such as welding or bonding may be used.

  Next, the operation of the electromagnetic brake device 15 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state at the time of brake braking by the electromagnetic brake device 15, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state at the time of brake release by the electromagnetic brake device 15.

  As described above, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is characterized in that it is attached to the housing 1 by the support shaft 37. The outline of the internal structure will be described. The electromagnetic brake device 15 holds a pair of brake shoes 27a and 27b for braking the brake disk 26 by pressing the outer peripheral side surface of the brake disk 26, and one brake shoe 27a. In order to apply braking force to the amateur 28 and the sheave 14, the brake spring 36 that urges the amateur 28 toward the brake disk 26 (direction C in FIG. 4), and the outer periphery of the brake disk 26 are compressed by compressing the brake spring 36. And an electromagnetic drive unit 29 that opens the brake shoes 27a and 27b from the side surface to make the sheave 14 rotatable.

  The electromagnetic drive unit 29 is configured to be fixed directly to the brake body 33 by a fixing bolt (not shown) or indirectly through another mounting member. The other brake shoe 27b is fixed to the brake body 33 directly or indirectly through another mounting member, and has a mechanism for braking or releasing the other outer peripheral side surface of the brake disc 26. The disc 26 is clamped from both sides to obtain a high braking force.

  The electromagnetic drive unit 29 functions as an electromagnet for electromagnetically attracting the armature 28, and is composed of a combination of an electromagnetic coil and an iron core (not shown). A material having a high magnetic permeability is used for the iron core. The brake spring 36 presses the first assembly 43 (lower right oblique line) of the armature 28 and the brake shoe 27a provided in the electromagnetic brake device 15 to the brake disk 26 side (C direction in the figure). The brake shoe 27a strongly presses one outer peripheral side surface (the right side surface in the figure) of the brake disc 26. At this time, the spring force remains in a state where the brake spring 36 has not been extended yet.

  Therefore, the reaction force causes the brake body 33 and the second assembly 44 (upward diagonal lines) of the electromagnetic drive unit 29 to move in the opposite direction (D direction in the figure), and the other brake shoe 27b provided on the brake body 33. Strongly presses the other outer peripheral side surface (the left side surface in the figure) of the brake disk 26. Thus, the brake disc 26 has a function of holding the sheave 14 in a braking state by clamping the brake disc 26 from both sides by the brake shoes 27a and 27b.

  On the other hand, since the iron core is excited by passing a current through the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic drive unit 29 and attracts the armature 28, the armature 28 brakes against the spring force of the brake spring 36 as shown in FIG. The shoe 27a is driven in a direction away from the brake disc 26, and the braking force on the brake disc 26 is released.

  Here, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is moved by X by the compression spring 42 until it contacts the head of the stopper bolt in the left direction (C direction in the figure). By setting the gap between the head of the stopper bolt and the body to X with respect to the gap 2X between the amateur and the core, the gap between the disc and the shoes on both sides is equal to X when the brake is released.

  On the other hand, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic drive unit 29 is interrupted, the electromagnetic drive unit 29 is demagnetized, so that the pair of brake shoes 27a and 27b are pressed against the outer peripheral side surface of the brake disc 26 as described above. 14 will be braked.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is supported by the two support shafts 37 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the shaft member 5 is attached to the housing 1 via the brake bracket 50. In addition, the amateur is arranged on the sheave side of the brake disc braking surface, and the support shaft and the brake bracket are arranged on the housing side, so that a large support bracket as in the past is unnecessary, The mounting structure for attaching the electromagnetic brake device 15 to the housing 1 can be simplified, and the weight of the entire hoisting machine 10 can be reduced.

  In comparison with FIGS. 7 and 8, the conventional hoisting machine 100 supports the electromagnetic brake device 15 with a support shaft 137 in order to attach the electromagnetic brake device 115 to the housing 1. The hoisting machine 10 according to the present embodiment needs to be fixed to the electromagnetic brake device 115 by the two support shafts 37. The shaft member 5 is supported to be movable in the direction, and the shaft member 5 is fixed to the mounting portion 1a of the housing 1 via the brake bracket 50, whereby the hoisting machine 10 can be reduced in size and weight.

  Further, since the electromagnetic brake device 15 is also reduced in weight, it is possible to improve the workability of maintenance personnel when the electromagnetic brake device 15 is removed from the hoisting machine 10 at the time of replacement of the brake shoes 27a and 27b or during periodic inspection. Can do.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  Further, the hoist according to the present invention can be used for both a machine room-less type elevator device and a machine room type elevator device. Moreover, although the electromagnetic brake device 15 is fixed to the housing 1 using two support shafts 37 and one brake bracket 50, the number of the support shafts 37 and the brake brackets 50 is not limited to this.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case, 1a Mounting part, 5, 5-1 Support shaft, 10 Hoisting machine, 14 Sheave, 15 Electromagnetic brake device, 26 Brake disc, 27a, 27b Brake shoe, 28 Amateur, 33 Brake body (body), 35 stopper bolt (stopper), 37 support shaft, 37a screw hole, 39 fixing member, 42 compression spring, 46 fixing bolt (bolt), 50 brake bracket, 51 fixing member fixing bolt, 52 stopper bolt, 53 lock nut, 401 lift Body (car), 402 counterweight, 403 main rope, 404 guide rail, 405 emergency stop device, 406 actuating lever, 407 governor, 408 sheave, 409 governor rope, 1000 building, 1100 hoistway, 1200 machine room

Claims (4)

A housing,
An annular stator provided in the housing;
A main shaft having one end fixed to the center of the stator;
A sheave provided rotatably on the main shaft;
A brake disc integrally formed with the sheave;
An annular rotor integrally formed with the sheave;
An electromagnetic brake device for braking the brake disc with a pair of brake shoes;
A brake bracket fixed to the housing and supporting the electromagnetic brake device;
In an elevator hoisting machine comprising:
The electromagnetic brake device has a brake body that holds one brake shoe on the housing side from the braking surface of the brake disc, and holds the other brake shoe on the sheave side from the braking surface of the brake disc. Place amateurs,
The brake bracket has a substantially C-shaped cross section that opens on the brake disk side in the axial direction, and a support shaft that supports the brake body so as to be movable in the axial direction on the housing side from the braking surface of the brake disk. And
Inside the substantially C-shaped cross section of the brake bracket,
A stopper bolt that passes through the brake body and is fixed to the tip of the brake bracket on the side of the brake disc in the axial direction , limiting a sliding range in a direction in which the brake body moves away from the brake disc;
A compression spring that is fitted to the stopper bolt between the brake body and the brake bracket and biases the brake body away from the brake disc;
A hoisting machine for an elevator characterized by the above. In the elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1,
The elevator hoisting machine is characterized in that the compression spring is arranged so as to be shifted from the support shaft by a predetermined amount in the outer circumferential direction of the brake disc. In the elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1 or 2,
A plurality of the support shafts are provided in parallel so as to straddle opposing mounting holes provided on each of the facing surfaces formed at both ends of the brake bracket, and cantilever-support the electromagnetic brake device. Elevator hoisting machine. A lifting body that moves up and down in a hoistway of a building;
With a counterweight,
A main rope that suspends the lifting body and the counterweight;
A hoisting machine which is arranged in the hoistway or in the machine room and winds up the main rope;
A guide rail that guides the raising and lowering of the Qianzhi elevating body,
In an elevator apparatus comprising:
The hoisting machine
A housing,
An annular stator provided in the housing;
A main shaft having one end fixed to the center of the stator;
A sheave provided rotatably on the main shaft;
A brake disc integrally formed with the sheave;
An annular rotor integrally formed with the sheave;
An electromagnetic brake device for braking the brake disc with a pair of brake shoes;
A brake bracket fixed to the housing and supporting the electromagnetic brake device;
Comprising
The electromagnetic brake device has a brake body that holds one brake shoe on the housing side from the braking surface of the brake disc, and holds the other brake shoe on the sheave side from the braking surface of the brake disc. Place amateurs,
The brake bracket has a substantially C-shaped cross section that opens on the brake disk side in the axial direction, and a support shaft that supports the brake body so as to be movable in the axial direction on the housing side from the braking surface of the brake disk. And
Inside the substantially C-shaped cross section of the brake bracket, the brake body is fixed to the tip of the brake bracket on the brake disc side in the axial direction , and the brake body slides away from the brake disc. A stopper bolt for limiting a moving range, and a compression spring that is fitted to the stopper bolt between the brake body and the brake bracket and biases the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc are provided. An elevator apparatus characterized by that.

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