JP2009541623A - 角度選択的な透過性を有する日光防御装置 - Google Patents
角度選択的な透過性を有する日光防御装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】2つの構造層(5、6)は、所定の角度範囲で外側の構造層(6)に入射する光学的放射が2つの構造層(5、6)の相互作用によって遮断され、異なる角度範囲で第2の構造層(6)に入射する光学的放射の一部が妨げられずに構造層(5、6)を通過することができるように、採光開口(14)及び遮光区域(12、13)が形成される構造になっている。日光防御装置は、移動部品を用いずに防眩効果を得ると同時に下方を見ることを可能にするように、太陽放射の角度選択的な透過を可能にする。
【選択図】図1
Description
Sin(ξ*)/sin(ξ)=nmaterial/nsurroundings
この場合、接着層7の屈折率は、ガラスの屈折率に非常によく対応すると仮定した。そうでない場合、境界面におけるさらなる屈折を考慮に入れなければならない。しかしながら、これは屈折則で容易に可能である。微細構造、すなわちマイクロストリップの場合、回折が現われるため屈折則自体が適用されない。しかしながら、ここで提案される構造は依然として用いることができる。この場合、それにもかかわらず太陽放射の十分なフェードアウトが保証されるように、全反射の限界角σlimitは、幾何光学から得られるものよりも幾分大きいと仮定しなければならない。
2 第2の透明層
3 ガラスパネル
4 内側グレージング要素
5 第1の構造層
6 第2の構造層
7 接着フィルム
8 接着フィルム
9 外側グレージング要素
10 中間空間
11 コーティング
12 第1の構造層のストリップ
13 第2の構造層のストリップ
14 採光開口
15 上からの入射光
16 観察者
17 下から入射するグレージング光
18 表面法線
19 水平面
20 ファサード要素
Claims (28)
- 光学的に透明な誘電体層又は層列(1、7)上の不透明な又は一部のみ透光性の材料の第1の構造層(5)と、不透明な又は一部のみ透光性の材料の第2の構造層(6)とを備え、前記第1の構造層(5)及び前記第2の構造層(6)が、採光開口又は採光区域(14)及び遮光区域又は減光区域(12、13)が形成される構造になっている、日光防御装置、より好ましくはグレージングであって、
前記第2の構造層(6)は、前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)のうち前記第1の構造層(5)とは反対の側と接合され、前記2つの構造層(5、6)の構造は、前記第2の構造層(6)に対して垂直の向きの基準面で規定される所定の角度範囲で、該第2の構造層(6)に入射する光学的放射が前記2つの構造層(5、6)の相互作用によって遮断されるか又は弱められ、同じ前記基準面に関して異なる角度範囲で前記第2の構造層(6)に入射する光学的放射の一部が妨げられずに前記構造層(5、6)を通過することができるようなものであることを特徴とする、日光防御装置。 - 前記第2の構造層(6)の前記遮光区域(13)は、太陽電池、より好ましくはアモルファス太陽電池から形成されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第1の構造層(5)の前記遮光区域(12)は、太陽電池、より好ましくはアモルファス太陽電池から形成されることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第2の構造層(6)のうち前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)とは反対に位置する側は、第2の光学的に透明な誘電体層又は層列(2)と接合されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第2の光学的に透明な層又は層列(2)は、ガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネルであるか、又はこれらを含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第2の構造層(6)は、前記ガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネルに施されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)は、接着フィルム(7)を有するガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネル(1)を含み、該ガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネル(1)は、前記接着フィルム(7)を介して前記第2の構造層(6)及び前記第2の光学的に透明な層又は層列(2)の前記ガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネルに接合固定されることを特徴とする、請求項5又は6に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)は、ガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネル(1)であるか、又はこれらを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記2つの構造層(5、6)の構造は、垂直配置の場合に、上方からの入射光が遮断されるか又は弱められ、下方からの入射光が特定の割合で通過することができるようなものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の日光防行装置。
- 前記第2の構造層(6)の前記遮光区域又は減光区域(13)は、前記第1の構造層(5)の前記遮光区域又は減光区域(12)よりも小さな面積を占めることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第1の構造層(5)のうち前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)と反対の側は、第3の光学的に透明な誘電体層又は層列(3、8)と接合されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第3の光学的に透明な層又は層列(3、8)は、接着フィルム(8)を介して前記第1の構造層(5)及び前記光学的に透明な層又は層列(1、7)と接合されるガラスパネル又はプラスチックパネル(3)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記光学的に透明な層又は層列が接合されている前記2つの構造層(5、6)は、ダブルグレージングの外側グレージング要素(9)を形成し、該外側グレージング(9)と内側グレージング(4)との間に、ガス又はガス混合物が充填されている中間空間(10)があることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記内側グレージング要素(4)は、前記中間空間(10)に向いている側に日光防御コーティング又は断熱コーティング(11)が設けられることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記2つの構造層(5、6)の前記遮光区域又は減光区域(12、13)は、互いに平行に延びるストリップを形成することを特徴とする、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記ストリップは、スクリーン印刷によって施されることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記ストリップは、接着ストリップとして施されることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記2つの構造層(5、6)のそれぞれ最も近いストリップの互いに面している上縁間の直線状の接続線が、前記基準面上で前記第1の構造層から始まって前記構造層(5、6)に対する前記表面法線(18)に対して角度αで延び、該角度γには、以下:−34度≦α≦60度、好ましくは0度≦α≦42度、特に好ましくは27度≦α≦42度、最適にはα=σlimitが適用され、σlimitは、前記全反射の限界角であることを特徴とする、請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記2つの構造層(5、6)の互いに最も近いストリップそれぞれについて、前記第2の構造層(6)の前記ストリップの上縁と前記第1の構造層(5)の前記ストリップの下縁との間の直線状の接続線が、前記基準面上で前記第1の構造層(5)から始まって前記構造層(5、6)に対する前記表面法線(18)に対して角度γで延び、該角度γには、−30度≦γ≦80度、好ましくはσlimit≦γ≦80度、特に好ましくはσlimit≦γ≦(σlimit+20)度、最適にはγ=σlimitが適用され、σlimitは、前記全反射の限界角であることを特徴とする、請求項15〜18のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記2つの構造層(5、6)のそれぞれ最も近いストリップの互いに面している下縁間の直線状の接続線が、前記基準面上で前記第1の構造層(5)から始まって前記構造層(5、6)に対する前記表面法線(18)に対して角度βで延び、該角度βには、−34度≦β≦60度、好ましくは−10度≦β≦15度、特に好ましくはβ=0度が適用されることを特徴とする、請求項15〜19のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記水平面(19)に対する前記表面法線の固定された向きで前記日光防御装置を用いる場合、前記第1の構造層(5)の隣接ストリップそれぞれの上縁と下縁との間の距離Dが、−20度≦σp≦70度、好ましくは0度≦σp≦45度、特に好ましくは5度≦σp≦25度の太陽プロファイル角σpからの太陽放射が前記構造層(5、6)の相互作用によって遮断されるように選択されることを特徴とする、請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第1の構造層(5)及び/又は前記第2の構造層(6)は、40%以下、好ましくは10%以下、特に好ましくは3%以下の透光性を有する材料から形成されることを特徴とする、請求項15〜21のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第1の構造層(5)及び/又は前記第2の構造層(6)は、前記材料の全透過度の20%未満になる指向性拡散透過度を有する材料から形成されることを特徴とする、請求項22に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記第1の構造層(5)及び/又は前記第2の構造層(6)は、切り替え可能な透過度を有する材料から形成されることを特徴とする、請求項15〜23のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な透過度を有する前記材料は、エレクトロクロミック又はガスクロミック材料であることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の日光防御装置。
- 建物のグレージング又はグレージングの一部としての、請求項15〜25のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置の使用。
- ファサード要素又はファサード要素の一部としての、請求項15〜25のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置の使用。
- 手すりカバーとしての、請求項15〜25のいずれか1項に記載の日光防御装置の使用。
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DE102007013331A DE102007013331A1 (de) | 2006-07-01 | 2007-03-20 | Sonnenschutzvorrichtung mit winkelselektiver Transmission |
DE102007013331.8 | 2007-03-20 | ||
PCT/DE2007/001064 WO2008003281A1 (de) | 2006-07-01 | 2007-06-15 | Sonnenschutzvorrichtung mit winkelselektiver transmission |
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CN102893394A (zh) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-01-23 | 皮尔金顿集团有限公司 | 具有阳光控制性质的光伏窗组件 |
CN102373766A (zh) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-14 | 亨特道格拉斯建筑产品(中国)有限公司 | 一种透光遮阳板 |
CN104005696A (zh) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-27 | 南宁市海汇新材料科技有限公司 | 一种定向遮阳中空玻璃 |
DE102014014889A1 (de) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-14 | Boraident Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fassadenelementes aus Glas zur Abschirmung von Licht und Fassadenelement |
US10183463B2 (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2019-01-22 | Sensitile Systems | Decorative panel |
FR3045597A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-23 | Sunpartner Technologies | Vitrage dont la transparence aux infra-rouges s'adapte a la hauteur du soleil |
RU2759758C1 (ru) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-11-17 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Оренбургский государственный университет» | Способ сезонной калибровки светопропускания смарт-окна с двухрешеточным оптическим фильтром |
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