JP2009538348A - フェノール性オピオイドの制御放出 - Google Patents
フェノール性オピオイドの制御放出 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009538348A JP2009538348A JP2009512310A JP2009512310A JP2009538348A JP 2009538348 A JP2009538348 A JP 2009538348A JP 2009512310 A JP2009512310 A JP 2009512310A JP 2009512310 A JP2009512310 A JP 2009512310A JP 2009538348 A JP2009538348 A JP 2009538348A
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- substituted
- alkyl
- hydrogen
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- 125000003143 4-hydroxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
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Abstract
Description
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
Lは、非置換もしくは置換された、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、炭素環式基もしくは複素環式基、または単結合、スピロ結合、単結合もしくは2重結合、またはC=O、O、S、SO、SO2、CONH、NHCOもしくはNH結合により一緒に結合した、2以上のそのような基の組み合わせであり;
R3およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールまたは置換アリールであり;および
R4は、アミド結合を介してN(R3)基の窒素に結合している酵素的切断可能な部分である。
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、または場合により、R6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から5の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環、もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキルが環を形成する。
nは、1から10の整数であり;および
R1およびR2の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはそれらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し、または隣接した炭素原子上の2つのR1もしくはR2の基は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成する。
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
nは、1から10の整数であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはR1とR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し、または隣接した炭素原子上の2つのR1もしくはR2は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し;
R4は、
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合により、R6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から5の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキルが環を形成する。
非置換もしくは置換アシル基は、便利には薬学的に受容可能なカルボン酸の残基である。
Yに対して、−NR5;
R5に対して、−CH3などの(1−4C)アルキル;
Lに対して、−CH2CH2−;
R1およびR2に対して、水素またはCH3などの(1−4C)アルキル;特に水素;
nに対して、2または3;
R3に対して、水素または−CH3などの(1−4C)アルキル;
Wに対して、NH;
R6に対して、水素、−CH2(CH2)3NH2、−CH2CH2CH2NHC(NH)NH2、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、CH2COOHまたはCH2CH2COOH;
R7に対して、水素、(1−6C)アルカノイル(例えばアセチルまたはt−ブタノイルなど)、または場合により置換されたベンゾイル、例えばメチレンジオキシまたは(1−4C)アルキル、(1−4C)アルコキシもしくはハロゲンから選択される1個もしくは2個の置換基で置換された、もしくは置換されていないベンゾイル(例えば、ベンゾイルまたはピペロニル);特に水素またはアセチル;
それらが結合する原子と一緒になってR6およびR8によって形成されるシクロヘテロアルキル環または置換シクロヘテロアルキル環に対して、ピロリジニル;
pに対して、1または2;
R4に対して、アルギニン、N−アセチルアルギニン、N−t−ブタノイルアルギニン、N−ベンゾイルアルギニン、N−ピペロニルアルギニン、N−グリシニルアルギニン、リジン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、チロシン、プロリンおよびN−グリシニルプロリンである。
Xは、オキシモルフォン、ヒドロモルフォンまたはモルヒネであり、そこではフェノール性ヒドロキシル基の水素原子は、−C(O)−Y−(C(R1)(R2))n−N−(R3)(R4)への共有結合により置換されており;
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
nは、1から4の整数であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはR1およびR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基または置換シクロアルキル基を形成し、または隣接した炭素原子上の2つのR1およびR2の基は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基または置換シクロアルキル基を形成してもよく;
R4は、
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から10の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環または置換シクロヘテロアルキルが環を形成する。
Xは、(R)−N−メチルナルトレキソンであり、そこではフェノール性ヒドロキシル基の水素原子は、−C(O)−Y−(C(R1)(R2))n−N−(R3)(R4)への共有結合により置換されており;およびY、R1、R2、n、R3とR4は、上記で示し任意の意義を有する。
単独でまたは別の置換基の一部としての用語「シクロアルキル」は、飽和環状アルキル基を指す。典型的なシクロアルキル基としては、これらに限定されるものではないが、シクロプロパン、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサンなどに由来する基が挙げられる。いくつかの実施形態では、シクロアルキル基は、(C3−C10)シクロアルキルである。他の実施形態では、シクロアルキル基は(C3−C7)シクロアルキルである。
Xは、フェノール性オピオイドであり、そこではヒドロキシル基の水素原子は、−C(O)−Y−(C(R1)(R2))n−N−(R3)(R4)への共有結合により置換されており;
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
nは、1から4の整数であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはR1およびR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し;
R4は、
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から10の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環または置換シクロヘテロアルキルが環を形成する。
HOBt:1−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール;PyBOP:ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル−オキシ−トリス−ピロリジノ−ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロホスファート;DIEA:ジイソプロピルエチルアミン;およびBocGlyOSu:N−(N−α−グリシニルオキシ)スクシンイミド
調製1
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−アルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
質量スペクトル:計算値:541.3、実測値542.4。
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−グリシニルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−アセチルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−t−ブタノイルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−ベンゾイルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(N’−ピペロニル−2−アルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−リジニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−リジニル(メチル)アミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−アルギニル(メチル)アミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−グルタミルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−アスパルタミルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
ヒドロモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−チロシニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
オキシモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−アルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
オキシモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−グリシニルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
オキシモルフォン3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−アセチルアルギニルアミノ)エチルカルバマート
モルヒネ(MMorphine)3−(N−メチル−N−(2−アルギニルアミノ))エチルカルバマート
モルヒネ3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−グリシニルアルギニルアミノ))エチルカルバマート
モルヒネ3−(N−メチル−N−(2−N’−アセチルアルギニルアミノ))エチルカルバマート
ナルトレキソンの遊離塩基は、米国特許第4176186号に記載されたプロトコルに類似したプロトコルに従って製造された。
(R)−N−メチルナルトレキソンは、WO2006127899に記載されたプロトコルに類似したプロトコルに従って製造された。
1a。「キッチン」試験
酢酸(酢)や重炭酸ナトリウム(重曹)などの容易に入手可能な家庭で使う化学製品の存在下、化合物の安定性は、以下の「キッチン」試験で証明することができる。
インビトロでの証明
プロドラッグからの親薬物(例えばヒドロモルフォン)の制御放出は、表1に示されたいくつかの化合物の合成、およびインビトロ試験により証明された。化合物A、およびCは、「活性化された」プロドラッグの例であり、それによって分子内環化放出シーケンスを伴う動力学の特定の評価を可能にするために、酵素切断可能な活性基が省略されている。前述のとおり、分子内環化放出シーケンスは、親薬物の放出を伴う環状尿素の同時形成をもたらす。
インビボでのプロドラッグからの親薬物の生成を調べるために、表2で示される化合物を合成し、ラットに静脈内投与した。投与後、ヒドロモルフォンの血漿濃度が実験の部で記述されたようにして測定された。化合物A、およびBは、「活性化された」プロドラッグの例であり、それによって分子内環化放出シーケンスを伴う動力学の特定の評価を可能にするために、酵素切断可能な活性基が省略されている。前述のとおり、分子内環化放出シーケンスは、親薬物の放出を伴う環状尿素の同時形成をもたらす。
一般的な手順は、Wang,J.−B.,Johnson,P.S.,Perscio,A.M.,Hawkins,A.L.,Griffin,CA.and UhI,G.R.(1994).FEBS Lett.,338:217−222により記述されたプロトコルに従う。
起源:ヒト組み換え体(HEK−293細胞)
対照化合物:[d−Ala2,N−Me−Phe4,Gly5−ol]−エンケファリン(DAMGO)
放射性リガンド:[3H]DAMGO(0.5nM)
非特異的リガンド:ナロキソン(l0uM)
インキュベーション:120分間、22℃
検出方法:シンチレーション計数法.
結果の分析および表現:受容体に対する特異的結合は、全結合と非標識リガンドの過剰量の存在下で測定された非特異的結合との間の差として定義される。結果は、特異的結合の対照の%として、および試験化合物の存在下で得られた対照の特異的結合の存在する阻害として表される。IC50値(対照の特異的結合の最大阻害の半分の阻害を引き起こすモル濃度)、およびヒル係数(nH)は、ヒル方程式曲線適合を用いて競合曲線の非線形回帰分析により測定された。
ラットへの静脈内投与後のヒドロモルフォンの血漿経時変化
静脈内投与:試験化合物を生理食塩水(2mg/ml)に溶解し、頸静脈にカニューレ挿入された雄のSprague−Dawleyラットの尾静脈に注射した。1mg/kgのヒドロモルフォン(HM)、0.5mg/kgのオキシヒモルフォン(OM)、1mg/kgのモルヒネ(MR)、および2mg/kgのN−メチルナルトレキソン(N−MTX)は、陽性対照として使用され、試験化合物は、親オピオイドと等価な用量(例えば1mg/kg、0.5mg/kgまたは2mg/kgと等しい)で投与される。指定された時点で、血液を採取し、メタノール中にクエンチし、14000rpm、4℃で遠心分離した後、分析するまで−80℃に保存する。サンプルは、ABI3000トリプル4重極質量分析計を使ってLC/MS/MSで定量化される。
(表5 ラットでの静脈内投与後に血中に見られるヒドロモルフォン(HM)の最大濃度(Cmax))
15匹の雄のビーグル犬は、外来種動物の試験施設の集団から選択され、1群が3匹である5つの群に分けられた。動物は、健康状態チェックの事前調査の後で、スタッフ獣医により決定された許容される健康に基づき、研究に割り当てられた。動物は、各服用セッション前、一晩断食させ、そして、食物は服用セッションごとに服用の約4時間後に動物に与えた。すべての物質は、服用前には、乾燥条件下22±5℃°で保存された。
試験化合物は、静脈内投与のために、0.4mg/mL(0.4mg/kgの最終用量)の標的濃度で、0.9%のNaCl中で調製された。ヒドロモルフォンは、静脈内投与のために、0.2および0.1mg/m(0.1および0.2mg/kgの最終用量)の目標濃度で、0.9%のNaCl中で調製された。
試験化合物は、経口投与のために、4mg/mL(4mg/kgの最終用量)の標的濃度で、0.9%のNaCl中で調製された。ヒドロモルフォンは、経口投与のために、2mg/mLおよび0.1mg/m(2mg/kgの最終用量)の目標濃度で、0.9%のNaCl中で調製された。経口製剤は、回転により調合されて、完全に溶解するために必要に応じて超音波処理された。服用製剤サンプル(0.15mL)は、服用前に、各経口製剤から採取された。すべての服用製剤サンプルは、分析されるまで−20±5℃で保存された。試験化合物は、4mg/kgの標的服用レベルと1mL/kgの用量容積で強制経口投与された。ヒドロモルフォンは、2mg/kgの標的服用レベルと1mL/kgの用量容積で強制経口投与された。経口投与後、強制給餌管を取り除く前にすぐに10mLの水で洗浄した。血液サンプル(0.5mL、全血、Li−Heparin抗凝固剤)は、服用前に、および静脈内投与後24時間までの特定の時点で採取された。すべてのサンプルは、末梢静脈の直接の静脈穿刺を通して採取され、メタノール中に急冷し、14000rpm、4℃で遠心分離され、分析まで−80℃で保存された。サンプルは、ABI3000トリプル4重極質量分析計を使ってLC/MS/MSで定量化される。
(表12 イヌでの静脈内投与(IV)後に血中に見られるヒドロモルフォン(HM)の最大濃度(Cmax))
Claims (57)
- フェノール性オピオイドの投与後に活性化される制御放出を患者に提供する方法であって、該方法は、該患者に、フェノール性水素原子が酵素的に切断可能な部分で保護されている窒素求核基を有するスペーサー脱離基で置換された対応する化合物を投与することを含み、該スペーサー脱離基および窒素求核基の配置が、該切断可能な部分の酵素的切断の際に、該窒素求核基が環状尿素、カルバマートまたはチオカルバマートを形成することができ、該患者に該フェノール性オピオイドの制御放出を提供するために該スペーサー脱離基から該化合物を遊離させるような配置である、方法。
- 前記配置が、前記窒素求核基が環状尿素を形成することができるような配置である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素的に切断可能な部分が、アミド結合を介して前記窒素求核基に結合している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アミド結合が、ペプチド結合である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能な部分が、アミノ酸もしくはペプチドの残基、またはアミノ酸もしくはペプチドのN−アシル誘導体である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能な部分が、アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから選択されるDもしくはL−アミノ酸の残基;アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから独立して選択される2個もしくは3個のDもしくはL−アミノ酸残基から成るジペプチドもしくはトリペプチドの残基;またはそれらのN−アシル誘導体の残基である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記対応する化合物が前記患者に経口投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フェノール性オピオイドが、ヒドロモルフォン、オキシモルフォンまたはモルヒネである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- フェノール性オピオイドの投与後に活性化される制御放出を患者に提供するための医薬の製造における、フェノール性水素原子が酵素的に切断可能な部分で保護されている窒素求核基を有するスペーサー脱離基で置換された対応する化合物の使用であって、該スペーサー脱離基および該窒素求核基の配置は、該切断可能な部分の酵素的切断の際に、該窒素求核基が環状尿素、カルバマートまたはチオカルバマートを形成することができ、該患者に該フェノール性オピオイドの制御放出を提供するために該スペーサー脱離基から該化合物を遊離させるような配置である、使用。
- 前記配置が、前記窒素求核基が環状尿素を形成することができるような配置である、請求項9に記載の使用。
- 前記酵素的に切断可能な部分が、アミド結合を介して前記窒素求核基に結合している、請求項9または請求項10に記載の使用。
- 前記アミド結合が、ペプチド結合である、請求項11に記載の使用。
- 前記切断可能な部分が、アミノ酸もしくはペプチドの残基、またはアミノ酸もしくはペプチドのN−アシル誘導体である、請求項9から12のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記切断可能な部分が、アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから選択されるDもしくはL−アミノ酸の残基;アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから独立して選択される2個もしくは3個のDもしくはL−アミノ酸残基から成るジペプチドもしくはトリペプチドの残基;またはそれらのN−アシル誘導体の残基である、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記対応する化合物が、前記患者への経口投与用である、請求項9から14のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記フェノール性オピオイドが、ヒドロモルフォン、オキシモルフォンまたはモルヒネである、請求項9から15のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 構造式(I):
Xは、オキシモルフォン、ヒドロモルフォンまたはモルヒネであり、ここで、フェノール性ヒドロキシル基の水素原子は、−C(O)−Y−(C(R1)(R2))n−N−(R3)(R4)への共有結合により置換されており;
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
nは、1から10の整数であり;
R1、R2、R3、およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはR1およびR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し、または隣接した炭素原子上の2つのR1およびR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは置換シクロアルキル基を形成し;
R4は、
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から5の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成する、
化合物またはその塩、水和物もしくは溶媒和物。 - R1、R2、R3およびR5の各々が、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールまたは置換アリールである、請求項17に記載の化合物。
- YがNR5であり、R5が水素またはアルキルである、請求項17または請求項18に記載の化合物。
- R5が、(1−4C)アルキルである、請求項19に記載の化合物。
- R5がメチルである、請求項20に記載の化合物。
- nが2または3である、請求項17から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1、R2、R3、R5およびR8の各々が、独立して水素またはアルキルである、請求項17から22のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1およびR2が、それぞれ水素である、請求項17から23のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が、水素または(1−4C)アルキルである、請求項17から24のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が、水素またはメチルである、請求項25に記載の化合物。
- 各R6が、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成する、請求項17から26のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R7が、水素、アルキル、アシルまたはアルコキシカルボニルである、請求項17から27のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- nが、1である、請求項17から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- YがNR5であり、nが2または3であり、pが1または2であり、R1、R2、R3、R5およびR7が、独立して水素またはアルキルであり、各R6が独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成する、請求項17から26のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- YがNR5であり、nが2であり、pが1であり、R1およびR2が水素であり、R3およびR5がメチルまたは水素であり、R6が独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し、または場合によりR7が水素である、請求項17から26のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- YがNR5であり、nが2であり、R1およびR2が水素であり、R3およびR5がメチルまたは水素であり、R7が水素であり、R6が−CH2(CH2)3NH2または−CH2CH2CH2NHC(NH)NH2である、請求項17から26のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R4がアラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから選択されるDもしくはL−アミノ酸の残基;アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから独立して選択される2個もしくは3個のDもしくはL−アミノ酸残基から成るジペプチドもしくはトリペプチドの残基;またはそれらのN−アシル誘導体の残基である、請求項17から26のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- L−アミノ酸残基である、請求項33に記載の化合物。
- Yが−NR5であり;R5が(1−4C)アルキルであり;R1およびR2がそれぞれ水素であり;nが2または3であり;R3が水素または(1−4C)アルキルであり;WがNHであり;R6が水素、−CH2(CH2)3NH2、−CH2CH2CH2NHC(NH)NH2、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、CH2COOHまたはCH2CH2COOHであり;R7が水素、非置換か、またはメチレンジオキシもしくは(1−4C)アルキル、(1−4C)アルコキシおよびハロゲンから選択される1個もしくは2個の置換基で置換されている(1−6C)アルカノイルまたはベンゾイルであり;pが1または2である、請求項17に記載の化合物。
- Yが−NR5であり;R5が(1−4C)アルキルであり;R1およびR2がそれぞれ水素であり;nが2または3であり;R3が水素または(1−4C)アルキルであり;WがNHであり;R6が水素、−CH2(CH2)3NH2、−CH2CH2CH2NHC(NH)NH2またはCH2CH2COOHであり;R7が水素、非置換か、またはメチレンジオキシもしくは(1−4C)アルキル、(1−4C)アルコキシおよびハロゲンから選択される1個もしくは2個の置換基で置換されている(1−6C)アルカノイルまたはベンゾイルであり;pが1または2である、請求項35に記載の化合物。
- R4がアルギニン、N−アセチルアルギニン、N−t−ブタノイルアルギニン、N−ベンゾイルアルギニン、N−ピペロニルアルギニン、N−グリシニルアルギニン、リジン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、チロシン、プロリンまたはN−グリシニルプロリンである、請求項33に記載の化合物。
- R4がアルギニン、N−アセチルアルギニン、N−t−ブタノイルアルギニン、N−ベンゾイルアルギニン、N−ピペロニルアルギニン、N−グリシニルアルギニン、リジン、グルタミン酸、プロリンまたはN−グリシニルプロリンである、請求項37に記載の化合物。
- 請求項17から38のいずれか一項に記載の化合物および薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物。
- 請求項17に記載の化合物の有効量を投与することを含む、治療を必要とする患者の疼痛を治療する方法。
- 治療に使用するための、請求項17から38のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 疼痛の治療のための医薬の製造における、請求項17から38のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
- 構造式(I):
Xは、(R)−N−メチルナルトレキソンであり、ここで、フェノール性ヒドロキシル基の水素原子は、−C(O)−Y−(C(R1)(R2))n−N−(R3)(R4)への共有結合により置換されており;
Yは、−NR5−、−O−、または−S−であり;
nは、1から10の整数であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR5の各々は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、またはR1およびR2は、それらが結合している炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル基または置換シクロアルキル基を形成し、または隣接した炭素原子上の2つのR1もしくはR2の基は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基または置換シクロアルキル基を形成し;
R4は、水素または
各R6は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキルであり、または場合によりR6およびR7は、それらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環もしくは置換シクロヘテロアルキル環を形成し;
R7は、水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アシル、置換アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、置換アルコキシカルボニル、アリール、置換アリール、アリールアルキルまたは置換アリールアルキルであり;
pは、1から5の整数であり;
各Wは、独立して−NR8−、−O−、または−S−であり;および
各R8は、独立して水素、アルキル、置換アルキル、アリールもしくは置換アリールであり、または場合により、各R6およびR8は、独立してそれらが結合している原子と一緒になってシクロヘテロアルキル環または置換シクロヘテロアルキルが環を形成する、
化合物またはその塩、水和物もしくは溶媒和物。 - YがNR5であり、R5が水素または(1−4C)アルキルである、請求項44に記載の化合物。
- R5がメチルである、請求項45に記載の化合物。
- nが2または3である、請求項44から46のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1およびR2が、それぞれ水素である、請求項44から47のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が水素または(1−4C)アルキルである、請求項44から48のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R4が、水素またはアラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから選択されるDもしくはL−アミノ酸の残基;アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グリシン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、リジンおよびバリンから独立して選択される2個もしくは3個のDもしくはL−アミノ酸残基から成るジペプチドもしくはトリペプチドの残基;またはそれらのN−アシル誘導体の残基である、請求項44から49のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R4が、アルギニン、N−アセチルアルギニン、N−t−ブタノイルアルギニン、N−ベンゾイルアルギニン、N−ピペロニルアルギニン、N−グリシニルアルギニン、リジン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、チロシン、プロリンまたはN−グリシニルプロリンの残基である、請求項50に記載の化合物。
- R4が水素である、請求項50に記載の化合物。
- 請求項44から53のいずれか一項に記載の化合物および薬学的に受容可能な担体を含む薬学的組成物。
- 請求項17から38のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を更に含む、請求項54に記載の薬学的組成物。
- (R)−N−メチルナルトレキソンのためのプロドラッグとして使用するための医薬の製造における、請求項44から53のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
- 前記医薬が経口投与用である、請求項56に記載の使用。
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JP2015166329A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-24 | 公益財団法人微生物化学研究会 | 新規生物活性物質 |
JP2018534269A (ja) * | 2015-10-01 | 2018-11-22 | エリージウム セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | 過剰摂取および乱用に抵抗性のポリサブユニットオピオイドプロドラッグ |
JP2019199481A (ja) * | 2015-10-01 | 2019-11-21 | エリージウム セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | 過剰摂取および乱用に抵抗性のポリサブユニットオピオイドプロドラッグ |
JPWO2019059344A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-11-26 | 大日本住友製薬株式会社 | 化学活性化型水溶性プロドラッグ |
Also Published As
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JP5371746B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
BRPI0712819A2 (pt) | 2013-03-26 |
JP2013224329A (ja) | 2013-10-31 |
US20100035826A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
BRPI0712819B1 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
US8217005B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 |
WO2007140272A2 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
SG172633A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
AU2007267510A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
US8921418B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
CA2653741A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
MX2008014794A (es) | 2009-04-08 |
WO2007140272A3 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
RU2008151690A (ru) | 2010-07-10 |
BRPI0712819B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
EP2046393B1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
JP2015096554A (ja) | 2015-05-21 |
RU2469038C2 (ru) | 2012-12-10 |
EP2402037B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
US20150148284A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
CA2653741C (en) | 2015-07-07 |
EP2402037A1 (en) | 2012-01-04 |
IL195360A0 (en) | 2009-08-03 |
HK1127901A1 (en) | 2009-10-09 |
EP2046393A2 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
EP2402037B8 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
ES2456674T3 (es) | 2014-04-23 |
US20120270894A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
KR20090031519A (ko) | 2009-03-26 |
DK2046393T3 (da) | 2014-05-12 |
IL195360A (en) | 2015-05-31 |
AU2007267510B2 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
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