JP2009512514A - 医療用ロボットシステムにおけるコンピュータディスプレイ上の補助画像の表示および操作 - Google Patents
医療用ロボットシステムにおけるコンピュータディスプレイ上の補助画像の表示および操作 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009512514A JP2009512514A JP2008536776A JP2008536776A JP2009512514A JP 2009512514 A JP2009512514 A JP 2009512514A JP 2008536776 A JP2008536776 A JP 2008536776A JP 2008536776 A JP2008536776 A JP 2008536776A JP 2009512514 A JP2009512514 A JP 2009512514A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2005年10月20日に出願された米国仮出願第60/728,450号の優先権を主張し、該出願は参考により援用される。
本発明は、概して、医療用ロボットシステムに関し、特に、医療用ロボットシステムにおけるコンピュータディスプレイ上の補助画像の表示および操作に関する。
例えば、低侵襲性外科手術を行うときに使用される医療用ロボットシステムは、従来の直視下手術の技術と比べて多くの利点を提供し、例えば、痛みが少なく、入院期間が短く、通常の活動への復帰が迅速であり、瘢痕化が最小限であり、回復時間が短縮され、組織に対する損傷が少ない。その結果、医療用ロボットシステムを使用する低侵襲性手術に対する要望は強く、次第に大きくなりつつある。
図1は、一例として、医療用ロボットシステムを利用する手術室の上面図を示す。この場合の医療用ロボットシステムは、一人または複数のアシスタント(「A」)の助力により、手術台(「O」)上に横たわっている患者(「P」)に対して低侵襲性診断または手術手順を行う際に、外科医(「S」)によって使用されるコンソール(「C」)を含む低侵襲性ロボット手術((「MIRS」)システム100である。
Claims (72)
- 治療器具によって解剖学的構造に適用された治療手順の効果をコンピュータ表示画面に表示する方法であって、
該治療器具によって該解剖学的構造に適用される該治療手順の該効果を示す補助画像を生成するステップと、
該補助画像にオーバーレイされた該解剖学的構造の一次画像を、該治療手順時に該コンピュータ表示画面上に表示するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記治療手順が、医療用ロボットシステムを使用して実行され、前記治療器具が、該治療手順を実行するために、外科医が前記医療用ロボットシステムを使用して、ロボット制御で操作可能である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、前記治療手順の前に捕捉される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、超音波により生成される術前画像である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、磁気共鳴映像法によって生成される術前画像である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、CT断層撮影法によって生成される術前画像である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記補助画像が、前記治療手順時に、前記治療器具によって適用される前記治療効果のコンピュータモデルである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療器具の治療端部の幾何学的形状によって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療器具の治療端部によって前記解剖学的構造に適用される熱レベルによって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療手順の対象になる前記解剖学的構造の周囲組織の特徴によって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、前記治療手順時に捕捉される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が、カメラユニットよって捕捉された術中画像である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記カメラユニットが、カメラの立体写真を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記カメラユニットが内視鏡内に含まれる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記内視鏡が腹腔鏡である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記補助画像が、前記治療手順時に、前記治療器具によって適用される前記治療効果のコンピュータモデルである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療器具の治療端部の形状によって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療器具の治療端部によって前記解剖学的構造に適用される熱レベルによって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータモデルが、前記治療手順の対象である前記解剖学的構造の周囲組織の特徴によって少なくとも部分的に決定される体積形状である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記補助画像が、超音波によって生成された術中画像である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記治療手順が、無線周波剥離を使用して前記解剖学的構造の異常組織を破壊する、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記異常組織が疾患組織を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患組織が少なくとも1つの腫瘍を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記異常組織が損傷組織を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記治療手順が、無線周波剥離、高密度焦点式超音波、および焼灼から成る群の1つである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 解剖学的構造の補助画像の選択部分を該解剖学的構造の一次画像のオーバーレイとしてコンピュータ表示画面上に表示する方法であって、
ポインティングデバイスを使用して、可動ウィンドウを該コンピュータ表示画面上に配置可能であるように、該可動ウィンドウとポインティングデバイスとを関連付けるステップと、
共通参照フレーム内で同じ位置および向きであるように、該解剖学的構造の補助画像と該解剖学的構造の一次画像とを登録するステップと、
該一次画像を該コンピュータ表示画面上に表示し、該可動ウィンドウと同じ該画面座標に対応する、該登録された補助画像の一部分を、該一次画像に対するオーバーレイとして、該可動ウィンドウ内に表示するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記一次画像が、医療用ロボットシステムを使用して実行される低侵襲性手術手順時に、画像捕捉デバイスによって捕捉され、該画像捕捉デバイスが、医療処置を実行する際に、該医療用ロボットシステムを使用してロボット制御で操作可能である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記可動ウィンドウが円形レンズとして前記表示画面上に表示される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記可動ウィンドウが矩形レンズとして前記表示画面上に表示される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が前記解剖学的構造の三次元画像であり、前記コンピュータ表示画面が三次元コンピュータ表示画面である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記可動ウィンドウと同じ画面座標に対応する、前記登録された補助画像の全体の部分が前記一次画像に対するオーバーレイとして、該可動ウィンドウ内に表示される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記可動ウィンドウと同じ画面座標に対応する、前記登録された補助画像の一部分が前記一次画像に対するオーバーレイとして、前記可動ウィンドウ内に適合して表示され、前記補助画像の拡大図として表示されるように拡大される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記コンピュータ表示画面を見るユーザによって選択された拡大率を受信するステップと、
該拡大率を適用して、前記登録された補助画像の前記一部分が、前記一次画像に対するオーバーレイとして前記可動ウィンドウ内に適合して表示されると決定するステップと、
をさらに含む、請求項32に記載の方法。 - 前記一次画像および補助画像が前記解剖学的構造の三次元画像であり、前記コンピュータ表示画面が三次元コンピュータ表示画面である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記可動ウィンドウが前記補助画像のユーザが選択可能な深さに関連付けられ、その結果、ユーザが選択した深さに対応する該補助画像の二次元スライスが、前記一次画像に対するオーバーレイとして前記可動ウィンドウ内に表示される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像が磁気共鳴映像法によって生成された術前画像である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像がCT断層撮影法によって生成された術前画像である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記一次画像がカメラユニットによって捕捉された術中画像である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記カメラユニットが内視鏡内に含まれる、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記補助画像が術前の捕捉画像である、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記術前に捕捉される画像が磁気共鳴映像法によって生成される、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記術前に捕捉される画像がCT断層撮影法によって生成される、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記術前に捕捉される画像が超音波によって生成される、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記補助画像が術中に捕捉される画像である、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記術中に捕捉される画像が超音波によって生成される、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 前記術中に捕捉される画像が第2カメラユニットによって生成される、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 医療用ロボットシステムであって、
画像を捕捉するための画像捕捉デバイスと、
該画像捕捉デバイスを保持するロボットアームと、
コンピュータ表示画面と、
ユーザが、複数自由度の動作で操作可能であるように構成されたマスター入力デバイスと、
該マスター入力デバイスが画像捕捉モードであるときに、ユーザによる該マスター入力デバイスの操作に応じて、画像捕捉デバイスの動作を制御し、該マスター入力デバイスが画像操作モードであるときに、ユーザによる該マスター入力デバイスの操作に応じて、該コンピュータ表示画面上における、捕捉画像から生成された画像の表示を制御するように構成されるプロセッサと、
を備える、医療用ロボットシステム。 - 前記マスター入力デバイスが6自由度で操作可能であるように構成され、その結果、該マスター入力デバイスが、前記画像操作モードであるときに、三次元マウスとして動作する、請求項47に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、ユーザが、前記マスター入力デバイスに関連するカーソルが前記生成画像上に表示されている間に制御入力を作動するときに、前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示される前記生成画像の1つに対して掴み機能を実行し、該ユーザが、前記画像操作モードにあるときに制御入力が起動された状態を維持しつつ、該マスター入力デバイスを移動するときに、該生成画像に対して移動機能を実行するように構成される、請求項47に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記生成画像に対して前記移動機能を実行した状態で、触覚フィードバックを前記マスター入力デバイスに提供するようにさらに構成される、請求項49に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記触覚フィードバックが、仮想質量および慣性特性を前記生成画像に関連付けることによって提供され、その結果、前記プロセッサが、前記画像操作モードにあるときに、ユーザによる前記マスター入力デバイスの操作に応じて、該生成画像に対して掴み機能および移動機能を実行すると、該ユーザが反射力を感知する、請求項50に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記画像捕捉デバイスが補助画像を捕捉し、前記プロセッサが、前記生成画像の1つの少なくとも一部分が前記一次画像上にオーバーレイされた状態で、一次画像捕捉デバイスによって捕捉された一次画像を前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示させるように構成される、請求項49に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、ユーザが、前記掴み機能および移動機能を前記生成画像に対して実行することによって、該生成画像の1つと前記一次画像との手動登録を促進し、前記画像操作モードにあるときに、該生成画像および該一次画像の両方が、前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示されている場合に、該生成画像と該一次画像とを登録するように構成される、請求項52に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記マスター入力デバイスが、ユーザの手によって圧迫され、該マスター入力デバイスが前記画像操作モードにあるときに、制御入力として機能するように構成されたグリッパを有する、請求項47に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記マスター入力デバイスが前記画像操作モードにあるときに、前記グリッパが圧迫され、該グリッパの軸の周囲で回転するとき、前記生成画像に関連するパラメータを調節するように構成される、請求項54に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記調節可能なパラメータが前記生成画像の輝度である、請求項55に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記調節可能なパラメータが前記生成画像の色である、請求項55に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記調節可能なパラメータが、前記生成画像の詳細のレベルである、請求項55に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記生成画像の詳細の前記レベルが、前記生成画像を規定するメッシュ構造の粗さのレベルによって決定される、請求項58に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記生成画像が、前記捕捉された画像から生成された三次元体積であり;前記プロセッサが、該三次元体積および二次元ウィンドウの一方を前記コンピュータ表示画面に表示し、ユーザによる前記マスター入力デバイスの操作に応じて、該コンピュータ表示画面上の前記ウィンドウの位置および向きを操作し、該ウィンドウと該三次元体積との交差によって切断平面を規定し、該三次元体積の二次元スライスを示すようにさらに構成される、請求項47に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記二次元スライスが前記ウィンドウ内に表示される、請求項60に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記二次元スライスが、前記コンピュータ表示画面のピクチャーインピクチャーウィンドウ内に表示される、請求項60に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、ユーザが選択可能な数の二次元ウィンドウを前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示し、ユーザによる前記マスター入力デバイスの操作に応じて、該コンピュータ表示画面上の該ウィンドウの位置および向きを個々に操作し、該操作されたウィンドウと前記三次元体積との交差によって切断平面を規定し、前記三次元体積の対応する二次元スライスを示すようにさらに構成される、請求項60に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記二次元スライスが、前記コンピュータ表示画面の対応するピクチャーインピクチャーウィンドウ内に表示される、請求項63に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示されたメニューに含まれる項目をユーザが選択したことに応じて、前記二次元ウィンドウを該コンピュータ表示画面上に表示するように構成される、請求項60に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記表示画面上に表示されるアイコンをユーザが選択したことに応じて、前記二次元ウィンドウを前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示されるように構成される、請求項60に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記アイコンが、前記コンピュータ表示画面の周囲領域に表示され、前記プロセッサが、ユーザが前記アイコンをクリックし、ユーザが該アイコンを選択したときの周囲領域から離れるように該アイコンをドラッグするというユーザによるマウスタイプの動作を解釈するようにさらに構成される、請求項66に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記画像捕捉デバイスが超音波プローブであり、前記生成画像が、該超音波プローブによって捕捉された二次元超音波スライスからコンピュータで生成された解剖学的構造の三次元超音波画像である、請求項67に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記生成画像およびイレーザ画像の一方を前記コンピュータ表示画面上に表示し、ユーザが、前記マスター入力デバイスを操作したことに応じて、該イレーザ画像の少なくとも位置を操作し、該イレーザ画像が該コンピュータ表示画面上で操作されるときに、該イレーザ画像が横断する該コンピュータ表示画面上に表示される前記生成画像の1つの任意の部分を消去するようにさらに構成される、請求項47に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記イレーザ画像が横断する前記生成画像の部分のすべての詳細を消去するように構成される、請求項69に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記イレーザ画像が横断する前記生成画像の部分の前記詳細を減少させるように構成される、請求項69に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
- 前記イレーザ画像が横断する前記生成画像の部分の前記詳細の前記減少が、前記生成画像を規定するメッシュ構造の細かさを減少させることを含む、請求項71に記載の医療用ロボットシステム。
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JP2012061336A (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
CN103142309B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
JP5467615B2 (ja) | 2014-04-09 |
CN103251455A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
EP3524202A1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
EP3162318A3 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
JP5639223B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
CN101291635B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
EP1937176A2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
US20220071721A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
EP1937176B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
US11197731B2 (en) | 2021-12-14 |
WO2007047782A2 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
CN103251455B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
JP5276706B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
US20190388169A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
EP3162318A2 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
WO2007047782A3 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
KR20080068640A (ko) | 2008-07-23 |
CN103142309A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
JP2012055752A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
EP3162318B1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
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