JP2009510323A - 内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置 Download PDFInfo
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- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
- F01N3/0256—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases the fuel being ignited by electrical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/08—Adding substances to exhaust gases with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図2は、図1に比べて燃料蒸発装置21をさらに追加し、前記燃料蒸発装置21は、排気ガスに燃料(特に軽油)を気化させて供給することにより排気ガスとの混合性を向上させてDOC22における酸化反応を促進する役割を行う。
このことにより、空気圧縮器の駆動に要する電気エネルギの消費を最少化することができる。
また、2次燃料または空気を噴射する以前にこれをガス化させるために、350℃以上まで加熱されるように予熱部または蒸発領域を備える。このときの熱源は、別途の空間に加熱装置を装着する必要がなく、触媒反応器の後端の高熱部に設置させることができる。
図3は、本発明によるDPF加熱システムの模式図であって、図1または図2における従来の燃料供給方式を代替して排気ガス加熱装置1200、1300が装着されたシステムの構成を表す模式図である。
以下、実施例と実験例を挙げて詳細に説明する。
図4は、本発明の実施例1による排気ガス加熱装置1200を概略的に図示している。
図4を参照して、前記排気ガス加熱装置1200は、触媒反応器500、点火器170、導入排気ガスの着火部900、また、燃料の2次噴射のための噴射手段、及び燃焼ガスと排気ガスとを混合する混合器200と、排気ガスの移動空間を形成するハウジング100によって構成され、排気ガスの加熱を行う独立の部品を備える。なお、前記混合器200は、加熱装置1200を装着する便宜によってはハウジング100の外部に位置させても加熱装置の役割に支障がない。
ただ、酸化力(酸化率)を強化させるために、酸化触媒の含量を80重量%以上使用することが好ましい。さらに望ましい態様は、軽油と空気(または排気ガス)が導入される導入口には、酸化触媒100重量%を使用するとともに、触媒反応器500の後部においては、100重量%の改質触媒を使用することとして分けて装着することが好ましい。本実施例1においては、酸化触媒100重量%を使用した結果を示している。
図5は、本発明の実施例2による反応器501の概略的な断面図である。図5に図示されていない部分は、図4の図面と同一であり、以下の説明も同一の符号を使用する。
したがって、実施例1の着火部900に比べて、前記流入孔911に流入される排気ガスの量を大きく増大させることができる。
図6は、本発明の実施例3における反応器502の概略的な断面図である。図6において未図示の部分は、図4の図面と同一であり、以下の説明もやはり同一の符号を使用する。
図7には、本発明の実施例4における排気ガス加熱装置1300を概略的に図示する。
本発明の効果をより高めることのできるさらに他の構成を図7に図示する。反応器503に必要とする空気を外部から受け入れなくとも、排気ガス中の一部を導入する形態で構成することができる。
先ず、白金を活性成分として使用し、その支持体はアルミナを使用した。活性金属である貴金属の含浸に先立って3〜5mm粒子形状の活性化アルミナ(gamma−Al2O3、Canto製品)に硝酸セリウム(Ce(NO3)2・xH2O、Aldrich社製品)を含浸して乾燥(105℃、24時間)させた後、これを1300℃で12時間焼成した。完成された複合支持体に塩化白金酸(H2PtCl6・xH2O、ハンギョルゴールド社製品)を蒸留水に溶解して白金を含浸した。各前駆物質中、セリウムは支持体を基準にして10重量%、白金は支持体全体重量を基準にして0.2重量%となるように添加した。白金含浸の後、乾燥(105℃、24時間)、焼成(1000℃、24時間)を経て製品を完成した(Pt/Ce/Al2O3)。
DPFの前後の差圧 ΔP
触媒反応器500に流入する排気ガスの温度 T1
触媒反応器500の排出ガスの温度 T2
2次燃焼の排出ガスの温度 T3
DOC入口の排気ガスの温度 T4
DOC出口及びDPF入口の排気ガスの温度 T5
DPF出口の排気ガスの温度 T6
触媒反応器500に燃料供給量を増加させて2次燃焼排出ガスの排出部の温度T3を600℃以上に上昇させる。
フィルタ差圧ΔPが基準値以下に低くなるまで燃料を供給して再生を進行する。
触媒反応器502は空気及び燃料導入部702にステンレス316素材の3/4インチティ(Tee)を使用するとともに、前記触媒反応器502は、ステンレス316素材の内径35mmパイプを使用して点火器部分の直径は小径するとともに、主反応器部分の直径は拡張させた構造になるように作製した。発明の詳細な説明で記述した燃焼触媒(Pt/Ce/Al2O3)35mlを前記触媒反応器502に装入した。
前記触媒反応器502、前記着火部902及び1次燃料予熱ライン320及び2次燃料予熱ライン630を内径10cm、長さ25cmのハウジング100の内部に装着して完成した。
また、燃料供給量とDOCの後端部の温度は、図10に示すように線形の関係を得た。
Claims (12)
- 管体型のハウジングと、
該ハウジング内に装着され、排気ガスを燃焼/改質させるために燃焼改質触媒を充填し、前端部に電熱ヒータが設置された排気ガス導入部と、
該排気ガス導入部と前記ハウジングの外部から連結されて燃料を供給する1次燃料予熱ラインとが連結される触媒反応器と、
該触媒反応器の後端部に設置され、前記触媒反応器から排出される燃焼改質ガスと、前記触媒反応器と前記ハウジングとの間を流れる排気ガスとの一部が混合されて可燃性物質を燃焼させる着火部と、
該着火部の後端部に設置された2次燃料予熱ラインと、
該2次燃料予熱ラインから燃料の供給を受けて前記排気ガス中に燃料を噴射して排気ガスを2次燃焼させるノズルと、
前記触媒反応器の後端部に設置され、該触媒反応器の燃焼触媒を経由した燃焼ガスと前記触媒反応器と前記ハウジングとの間を流れる排気ガスとを混合する混合器とを備える内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。 - 前記触媒反応器と前記着火部との間には、前記燃焼改質触媒を固定するとともに、燃焼改質ガスを通過させるように多数の孔が形成されている分離板が設置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記触媒反応器の導入部の前端部に排気ガスを吸入する吸入用コーン(suction cone)がさらに装着されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記1次燃料予熱ラインと前記2次燃料予熱ラインは、前記ハウジング内で数回折曲されて形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記1次燃料予熱ラインと前記2次燃料予熱ラインは、それぞれ1次燃料供給ラインと2次燃料供給ラインとに連結されるとともに、該1次燃料供給ラインと2次燃料供給ラインには、空気を供給する1次空気供給ラインと2次空気供給ラインとがそれぞれ連結されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記1次燃料予熱ラインと前記2次燃料予熱ラインに空気と燃料を交互に供給することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記着火部の外周面には、外側の排気ガスを内部に流入させる複数の流入孔が形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記流入孔は、前記着火部の後端になるほどその個数を増加させるか、または直径を大きくして排気ガスの流入量を増加させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記着火部の周囲に前記流入孔を通じた排出ガスの流入を促進させるように導入器がさらに設置され、該導入器はコーン形態であって、前記着火部の後端部になるほど断面積が縮小するテーパ型であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 前記流入孔には、該流入孔を通じた排気ガスの流入を促進させるようにさらに導入管が一体的に設置され、該導入管は折曲されて前記排気ガスが流れる方向に対して平行な部分と垂直な部分とを含んで構成されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置を利用して窒素酸化物を除去する触媒剤またはトラップを加熱する方法。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10に記載の内燃機関の排気ガス加熱装置を利用して窒素酸化物を除去する還元剤を供給する方法。
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KR1020060052699A KR100782131B1 (ko) | 2006-06-12 | 2006-06-12 | 내연기관 배기가스 가열장치 |
PCT/KR2006/003927 WO2007037652A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-29 | Heating device for exhaust gas in internal-combustion engine |
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US20080282687A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
WO2007037652A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
AU2006295537B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
US8196388B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
AU2006295537A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
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