JP2009268475A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester requiring no specific monitor display for displaying turning state, simplified in construction and thereby reduced in production cost. <P>SOLUTION: A travelling mission case (4) which is installed with a differential gear (3) for performing turn by operating a handle (1) to drive a hydraulic stepless transmission (2), is set at the front side of an undercarriage (7), and a controller (83) which displays the grain amount stored in a grain tank (10) and the rotation number of an engine (20) on a monitor display (6) as a basic screen (A), when operating a handle (1) so that the speed difference between a left crawler (5a) and a right crawler (5b) exceeds a set speed, a display screen (B) for notifying the speed difference to the operator is displayed on the monitor display (6), and, when the handle (1) is operated so that the speed difference between the left crawler (5a) and the right crawler (5b) returns within the set speed, the display of the display screen (B) is eliminated from the monitor display (6) so as to return to the display of the basic screen (A), is equipped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine.

  Conventionally, in a work vehicle or the like provided with a traveling mission case equipped with a differential gear driven by a hydraulic continuously variable transmission, when traveling on the road or steered by this mission case, smooth high-speed traveling There is an advantage that travel time can be shortened. Also, by providing a monitor display, the operating state of each device of the machine can be easily checked by switching the basic setting screen.

JP 2001-171547 A

  However, when the steering turn is performed by the transmission case, it is possible to continuously execute mild turning, brake turning, and spin turning by operating the power steering lever, and when the tilting operation angle of the lever is large Since the spin turns at once, at high vehicle speeds, one side of the left and right traveling crawlers is in a forward high speed state and the other side is in a reverse high speed state, resulting in a sharp turn with a large speed difference, which increases the operator's risk. Also, a large load is generated on the aircraft, causing damage.

For this reason, when trying to display the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers on the screen of the monitor display, there is a problem that a special monitor display is required.
Therefore, the occurrence of trouble is prevented by checking the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers and performing regulation.

  The present invention provides a traveling device (8) having left and right crawlers (5a, 5b) on the lower side of a chassis (7), and a threshing device (11) having a Glen tank (10) on the chassis (7). ), A reaping device (17) is provided in front of the threshing device (11), and an operation seat (19) is provided on the front side of the Glen tank (10), below the operation seat (19). An engine (20) is provided on the side, and a differential (3) is installed on the front side of the chassis (7) to drive the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (2) by operating the handle (1) to perform turning. The traveling mission case (4) is provided, and the amount of grain stored in the Glen tank (10) and the rotational speed of the engine (20) are displayed on the monitor display (6) as a basic screen (A), Speed difference between left crawler (5a) and right crawler (5b) is set When the handle (1) is operated until the angle exceeds, a display screen (B) for allowing the operator to recognize the speed difference is displayed on the monitor display (6), and the left crawler (5a) and the right crawler (5b) When the handle (1) is operated until the speed difference with the speed returns within the set speed, the display on the display screen (B) is erased from the monitor display (6) and the basic screen (A) is displayed. The combine is characterized in that a returning controller (83) is provided.

  According to this invention, the amount of grains stored in the Glen tank (10) and the rotational speed of the engine (20) are displayed on the monitor display (6) as the basic screen (A), and the left crawler (5a) When the handle (1) is operated until the speed difference between the right crawler (5b) and the right crawler (5b) exceeds the set speed, a display screen (B) for allowing the operator to recognize the speed difference is displayed on the monitor display (6). When the handle (1) is operated until the speed difference between the left crawler (5a) and the right crawler (5b) returns within the set speed, the display screen (B) is displayed from the monitor display (6). Since the display can be erased and the display can be returned to the display of the basic screen (A), a special monitor display for displaying the turning state is not required, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by simplifying the configuration.

  Then, in a state where the crawler slips in a wet field or the like and hinders turning, the handle (1) sinks from the soil surface by the operation of increasing the speed difference between the left and right crawlers (5a, 5b), and the escape state becomes impossible. Trouble can be avoided.

The front expanded line figure which shows the transmission structure of the mission case for driving | running | working, and its peripheral equipment relationship. The side view which shows the arrangement | sequence state of the gear in the transmission structure of the mission case for driving | running | working. The front view which shows the whole structure of a power steering lever (handle), and the operation position of a lever arm. The side view which shows the whole structure of a power steering lever. (A) The front view which shows the cutting action position of the steering clutch in a power steering lever. (B) The front view which shows the turning action position of the spin turning in a power steering lever. The front view which shows the continuously variable transmission which adjusts the output rotation speed of a driving | running | working crawler at the time of turning. The block diagram which shows the automatic circuit which detects and adjusts control of the speed of a driving crawler on either side. The top view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the monitor display to the operation panel in an operating device. The block diagram which shows the automatic circuit which detects the speed of a driving crawler on either side, and displays it on a screen. The image figure which shows the switching state of the basic setting screen of a monitor display, and a speed display screen. The block diagram which shows the automatic circuit which detects a turning action and displays the speed screen of a crawler. The image figure which displays the various action speed screens of a driving crawler on either side on a monitor display. The image figure which displays the speed screen of a driving crawler on either side on a monitor display with a bar graph. The side view which shows the whole structure of a combine.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings regarding a combine as a work vehicle or the like.
FIG. 14 shows the overall structure of the combine, and a traveling device 8 is installed on the lower side of the chassis 7 in which a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 5 (left crawler 5a and right crawler 5b) are stretched. In addition, a grain tank 10 for threshing the cereal grains that are supplied by being held and conveyed by the feed chain 9 on the chassis 7, and for collecting and temporarily storing the threshed grains, and the tank 10 A threshing device 11 provided with a threshing auger 10a that discharges the stored grain to the outside of the machine is placed, and a waste disposal device 12 is mounted on the rear end of the threshing device 11.

  In front of the threshing device 11, a weeding body 13 for weeding uncut cereals from the front end side, a triggering part 14 for causing the weeded cereals, and a cutting blade part 15 for harvesting the caused cereals, A reaping device 17 having a supply adjustment transporting portion 16 and the like for picking up the harvested culm and taking over the cereal that has been transported while adjusting the handling depth and delivering it to the feed chain 9 is hydraulically operated. It is suspended from the front end of the chassis 7 so that it can be raised and lowered with respect to the soil surface by a cutting and lifting cylinder 17a driven.

  An operating device 18 for controlling the operation of the combiner on one side of the mowing device 17 and an operating seat 19 for this operation are provided. The Glen tank 10 is arranged on the rear side of the operating seat 19 and the engine is installed on the lower side. 20 and a cabin 21 that covers the operation device 18 and the operation seat 19 are disposed. The traveling device 8, the threshing device 11, the reaping device 17, the operating device 18, the engine 20, the cabin 21, and the like constitute a combine body 22.

  The traveling device 8 has a traveling mission case 4 mounted on the front side of the chassis 7, and the transmission mechanism of the mission case 4 is transmitted from an external output shaft 23 as shown in FIGS. Is input to an input shaft 24 as a first shaft, and an input gear 25 that is fixed to the input shaft 24 and an intermediate gear 27 that is fixed to an intermediate shaft 26 as a second shaft are engaged with each other.

  A hydraulic pump 28a of a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission 28 attached to the outer wall 4a of the case 4 is connected to the shaft end of the intermediate shaft 26, and is driven integrally by the variable pump 28a. 28 b is connected to a speed change drive shaft 29 as a third shaft, and a high speed drive gear 30 and a low speed drive gear 31 that are fixed to the speed change drive shaft 29 are respectively connected to two high and low speed change gears 32. A speed change shaft 33 as a fourth shaft is configured to rotate by a spline or the like so as to be slidable.

  The transmission transmission gear 34 fixed to the transmission shaft 33 and the steering center gear 36 provided with clutch pawls 36a on both surfaces fixed to the center of the steering shaft 35 serving as the fifth shaft are engaged with each other. Left and right steering clutches 37 are slidably supported on both sides of the steering center gear 36, respectively.

  The left and right steering clutches 37 are each provided with a clutch pawl 37b that meshes with and engages with the clutch pawl 36a on the inner surface of the small diameter gear 37a, and has a large diameter gear 37c and a small diameter gear 37a on the outer side. A shifter groove 37d for loosely fitting a shifter 38 that slides the clutch 37 is provided between them.

  Axle gears 39 that mesh with and interlock with the small-diameter gear 37a of the steering clutch 37 are respectively fixed to the left and right axles 40 as the sixth axis, and the traveling crawlers are attached to the outer shaft ends of the left and right axles 40. The left and right traveling sprockets 41 that drive the shaft 5 are axially fixed.

  A variable motor 2b capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions is integrally driven by a variable pump 2a of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 2 for turning mounted on an outer wall 4b of the transmission case 4 to transmit power from the external output shaft 23. Are connected to the turning drive shaft 42 as the fourth A axis, and the turning drive gear 43 fixed to the turning drive shaft 42 and the drive gear 3a of the differential device 3 provided on the turning shaft 44 as the fourth B axis. And are configured to mesh with each other.

  Reverse rotation in which the swivel gears 45 respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the swivel shaft 44 and the large-diameter gear 37c of the steering clutch 37 are directly meshed with each other on the left and right sides, and the other side rotates in reverse with respect to the one side The gear 46 is engaged and interlocked, and the continuously variable transmission 2 is driven to drive the mild turning, brake turning, and spin turning modes through the differential unit 3.

  The left and right shifters 38 and the left and right push cylinders 47 are connected so that the steering clutch 37 can slide, and the variable motor 2b and the forward / reverse switching cylinder 48 of the continuously variable transmission 2 can be switched between forward and reverse. Connected to each other via a link or the like.

  An input rotation sensor 49 for detecting the number of rotations of the speed change drive shaft 29 is disposed at the shaft end of the hydraulic motor 28b of the continuously variable transmission 28, and faces the tooth surfaces of the left and right axle gears 39 so that the axle 40 Left and right axle rotation sensors 50 for detecting the rotation speed are provided and configured.

  On one side of the operating device 18, a main transmission lever 51 that performs forward / reverse switching and main transmission of the body 22 is connected to a variable pump 28 a of the continuously variable transmission 28 so as to be able to change gears. A power steering lever (handle) 1 for performing left-right steering and turning of the machine body 22 is connected to the variable pump 2a of the continuously variable transmission 2 so as to be capable of shifting. To make it up.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the power steering lever 1 is configured such that a lever substrate 54 is rotatably supported on a substrate fulcrum 53 fixed to one side of the operating device 18. A fan-shaped lever rotation plate 56 is rotatably supported on a rotation plate fulcrum 55 fixed to the upper side, and a rod-shaped lever arm 57 whose lower end portion is bent in an L shape is supported on the lever rotation plate 56. Are fixed and configured.

  Both ends of the torque spring 58 wound around the rotating plate fulcrum 55 are held by bent portions of the lever arm 57, and the locking pins 59 are slidably fitted in the fan-shaped grooves 56a provided on the lever rotating plate 56. The spring 58 is fixed to the lever substrate 54 so that it can be locked.

  A turning switching sensor 61 that detects and switches the turning mode by a potentiometer or the like is fixed to one side of the operating device 18, and the lever 62 is provided in the long groove 62 a of the action arm 62 that is rotatably extended from the turning switching sensor 61. A sensor action pin 60 fixed to the lower side of the substrate 54 is slidably loosely configured.

  The left and right stoppers 63 for restricting the operation area of the lever arm 57 are fixed to the upper end portion of the lever substrate 54, and when the arm 57 is rotated to the position of the stopper 63, a notch on the upper side of the lever rotating plate 56 is provided. When the left and right limit switches 64, which are positioned in the OFF state on the gap portion 56b, are turned ON, as shown in FIG. 1, the clutch electromagnetic that places the steering clutch 37 in the disengaged state by operating the shifter 38 via the push cylinder 47. A valve 65 is provided and configured.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the mechanism for adjusting the output rotational speed of the continuously variable transmission 2 includes a rotation control arm 66 fixed to the shaft of the variable pump 2 a of the continuously variable transmission 2, and An arcuate driven gear 66 a provided on one side and a drive gear 67 a that is fixed to the output control motor 67 are engaged with each other.

  A sensor action pin 68 fixed to the other end of the rotation control arm 66 is slidable in a long groove 70a of the action arm 70 that is rotatably extended from an output rotation sensor 69 that detects the output rotation speed by a potentiometer or the like. To be loosely fitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the CPU is mainly arranged to perform arithmetic control of the automatic circuit, and when it is detected that the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5 exceeds a set value, the continuously variable transmission 2 A controller 71 having a built-in output restricting means 71a for restricting the output rotational speed of the left and right axle rotation sensors 50 is connected to the input side of the controller 71, and the output control motor 67 is connected to the output side of the controller 71. To configure.

  The power from the external output shaft 23 is input from the input gear 25 of the traveling mission case 4 to the variable pump 28a of the traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission 28 via the intermediate gear 27, and the main shift of the variable pump 28a. The main shift drive of the hydraulic motor 28b is performed by operating the lever 51.

  In the case of straight travel, the hydraulic motor 28b is driven by the high speed drive gear 30, the low speed drive gear 31 and the high and low speed shift gear 32 to transmit from the speed change transmission gear 34 to the steering center gear 36, and is connected to the center gear 36. The traveling sprocket 41 is driven by the axle gear 39 via the small diameter gear 37a of the steering clutch 37.

  Next, when steering is performed, the lever is rotated by the power steering lever 1 by tilting the lever arm 57 to the left or right until the lever arm 57 comes into contact with the stopper 63 around the rotation plate fulcrum 55. It rotates against the torque spring 58 locked to the locking pin 59 together with the plate 56, the limit switch 64 is turned on by the rotation of the rotating plate 56, and the clutch electromagnetic valve 65 passes through the push cylinder 47. The shifter 38 is operated so that the steering clutch 37 is disengaged, and this state is maintained until the end of turning.

  When the lever arm 57 is further operated with a large tilt angle in the disengagement state of the steering clutch 37, the lever substrate 54 rotates around the substrate fulcrum 53 with the arm 57 in contact with the stopper 63. The turning switch sensor 61 is switched by the sensor action pin 60.

  By switching the turning switching sensor 61, first, a mild turning mode is set, and the control of the output control motor 67 drives the variable motor 2b via the variable pump 2a of the continuously variable transmission 2 for turning. Thus, the differential device 3 is operated to transmit from the large-diameter gear 37c of the steering clutch 37 to the axle gear 39 through the small-diameter gear 37a to perform a turning operation with a large turning radius.

Note that the direction of rotation of the variable motor 2b is switched between the forward and reverse directions depending on the difference between the left side and the right side of the steering clutch 37.
Further, when the tilt angle of the lever arm 57 is increased, the brake turning mode is set and the differential device 3 is actuated by driving the continuously variable transmission 2 to perform a turning action with a medium turning radius. Further, when the tilt angle of the lever arm 57 is increased, the spin turn mode is set, the differential device 3 is operated by driving the continuously variable transmission 2, and the left and right axle gears 39 are rotated in opposite directions. A turning action with a small turning radius is performed.

  When the turning action by each turning mode is performed by the continuous tilting operation of the power steering lever 1, the speed of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 is calculated from the detection value of the left and right axle rotation sensors 50. When the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5 exceeds a preset value by the calculated value, the output of the variable motor 2b is prevented so that the speed difference is not increased beyond the set value by the output restricting means 71a of the controller 71. The number of rotations is regulated by detection of the output rotation sensor 69.

  In this way, by restricting the output rotation speed during the turning action, the tilt angle of the power steering lever 1 is large and the spin crawling 5 is performed at once, that is, the left and right traveling crawlers 5 move forward and backward separately. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a sudden turn with a large speed difference that occurs when the vehicle speed is high, protect the operator from danger, and prevent the airframe 22 from being damaged.

  The operation device 18 is provided with an operation wall 72 of an appropriate height that surrounds the operator seated on the operation seat 19 except for the entrance and exit, and an operation panel 73 is provided on the front and left upper surface portions of the operation wall 72. Arrange and configure.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the power steering lever is provided on the surface of the operation panel 73 so as to perform the raising / lowering action of the cutting device 17 by the forward / backward tilting operation and the steering / turning action of the body 22 by the left / right tilting operation. 1 and a starter switch 74 of the engine 20 and each switch group 75, and a monitor display 6 for switching and displaying the operation state of each device as a basic setting screen A at a corner position. Make up.

  Each switch and dial group 76 are arranged in the outer row sequentially from the front end position of the left row of the operation panel 73 surface, and the main transmission lever 51 and the accelerator lever 77 for controlling the rotation of the engine 20 are arranged in the inner row. The sub-shift lever 78 for switching the sub-shift in the travel shift, the mowing mono-lever 79 for simultaneously turning on and off the actions of the mowing device 17 and the threshing device 11, and only the mowing device 17 are inserted at the upper end position of the lever 79. A cutting switch 79a to be cut is arranged and configured.

  At the rear end of the left side row of the operation panel 73, an auger turning lever 80 for turning the grain auger 10a, a grain discharging lever 81 for carrying out an out-of-machine discharging action, and the discharging The culvert processing device 12 is arranged and configured with a shampoo switching lever 82 for switching the culling processing device 12 to a knotter device or a cutter device.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the CPU is mainly arranged to control the calculation of the automatic circuit, and when it is detected that the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5 exceeds a set value, the traveling crawler at this time The controller 83 having a screen switching means 83a for displaying the speed of 5 on the screen is provided, the left and right axle rotation sensors 50 are connected to the input side of the controller 83, and the monitor display 6 is connected to the output side thereof. To make it up.

  The monitor display 6 normally has, for example, the state of the amount of grain stored in the Glen tank 10, the action state of the grain auger 10a that discharges the grain in the Glen tank 10 to the outside of the machine, the front and rear or the left and right of the body 22. The basic setting screen (basic screen) A is alternately displayed, such as the state of tilting to the right, the state of glow at the start of the engine 20, the state of the rotational speed of the engine 20, and the state of clogging of threshed waste.

  The speed of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 is calculated based on the detection value of the left and right axle rotation sensors 50, and when the calculated difference between the speeds of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 exceeds a preset value, the controller As shown in FIG. 10, the screen switching means 83a 83 switches the basic setting screen A to a speed display screen (display screen) B that displays the speeds of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 and a speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5. Is restored to within the set value, the display returns to the basic setting screen A again.

  In this way, when the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5 exceeds the set value, the basic setting screen A of the monitor display 6 is switched to the speed display screen B of the crawler 5 so that the screen is displayed only when necessary. Since B can be used as an interrupt for the screen A, a monitor display for displaying the speed of the crawler 5 is not required, and the configuration is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the CPU is mainly arranged to perform arithmetic control of the automatic circuit, and when the turning action by the tilting operation of the power steering lever 1 is detected, the left and right traveling crawlers 5 at this time A controller 84 having a screen switching means 84a for displaying the speed on the screen is provided. The turning switch sensor 61 and the left and right axle rotation sensors 50 are connected to the input side of the controller 84, and the monitor display is provided on the output side thereof. A device 6 is connected and configured.

  As described above, normally, in the monitor display 6 that displays the operation state of each device on the basic setting screen A, the tilting operation during the turning action by the power steering lever 1 is detected by the turning switching sensor 61 (see FIG. 3). ), The screen switching means 84a of the controller 84 switches from the basic setting screen A to the speed display screen B that displays the speeds of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 as shown in FIG. When elapses, the screen returns to the basic setting screen A again.

  As described above, when the turning action by the tilting operation of the power steering lever 1 is detected, the basic setting screen A of the monitor display 6 is switched to the speed display screen B of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 so that the Since the screen B can be shared with the screen A as an interrupt, a monitor display for displaying the speed of the crawler 5 is not required, and the configuration is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, as described above, in the case where steering and turning is performed by the differential device 3, the speed (or the number of rotations) of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 is displayed on the monitor display 6 as a graphic or the like as shown in FIG. Thus, the operator can easily recognize the speed of the left and right traveling crawlers 5.

  Further, as described above, when the speed (or the number of revolutions) of the left and right traveling crawlers 5 is displayed on the monitor display 6 as a graphic or the like, as shown in FIG. By allowing the operator to recognize, the recognition can be further enhanced.

  Thus, since the operator can easily recognize the speed of the left and right traveling crawlers 5, it is determined whether the traveling crawler 5 is in a straight traveling state or a direction correction state, and the turning mode is mild turning. Since it is possible to easily determine which of the brake turning and the spin turning, it is possible to accurately grasp the state of the traveling crawler 5 and to deal with fewer mistakes.

  As a result of such a response, when the power steering lever (or handle) 1 is used for correction or turning operation in the left-right direction, the traveling crawler 5 slips in a wet field or the like as in the conventional case, thereby hindering turning. In the state, the operation of increasing the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 5 can avoid the trouble that the airframe 22 sinks from the soil surface and cannot escape. (Especially, troubles occur because the traveling crawler 5 on one side is stopped like a brake turn.)

1 Power steering lever (handle)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Hydraulic type continuously variable transmission 3 Differential gear 4 Traveling mission case 5a Left crawler 5b Right crawler 6 Monitor display 7 Chassis 8 Traveling device 10 Glen tank 11 Threshing device 17 Cutting device 19 Operation seat 20 Engine 83 Controller A Basic setting screen (basic screen)
B Speed display screen (display screen)

Claims (1)

A traveling device (8) having left and right crawlers (5a, 5b) is provided on the lower side of the chassis (7), and a threshing device (11) having a Glen tank (10) is provided on the chassis (7). A reaping device (17) is provided in front of the threshing device (11) so as to be movable up and down, an operation seat (19) is provided in front of the grain tank (10), and an engine ( 20), and a traveling transmission equipped with a differential (3) for driving the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (2) by operating the handle (1) on the front side of the chassis (7). A case (4) is provided, and the amount of grain stored in the Glen tank (10) and the rotational speed of the engine (20) are displayed on the monitor display (6) as a basic screen (A), and the left crawler ( The difference in speed between 5a) and the right crawler (5b) exceeds the set speed When the steering wheel (1) is operated, a display screen (B) for allowing the operator to recognize the speed difference is displayed on the monitor display (6), and the speed between the left crawler (5a) and the right crawler (5b). When the handle (1) is operated until the difference returns within the set speed, the controller (6) deletes the display screen (B) and returns to the basic screen (A). 83) a combine.

Images