JPH07125647A - Pivoting device of combine harvester and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To avoid danger by way of decelerating car speed automatically by simultaneously making left and right wheel shafts a decelerating mode to decelerate by engagement of a slewing change-over gear with a slow slewing gear and putting on of a slewing clutch. CONSTITUTION:Left and right wheel shafts 42 is made in a decelerating mode to decelerate simultaneously by engagement of a slewing change-over gear 36 with a slow slewing gear 33 and putting on of left and right slewing clutches 40. It is possible to instantly decelerate car speed by changing transmission from left and right operating gears 32 to transmission of the slow slewing gear 33 simultaneously by cutting off of left and right operating clutches 1 by working of left and right operating clutch change-over valves and putting on of left and right slewing clutches 40 by working to left and right slewing clutch pressure reducing valves by way of changing over to the decelerating mode.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning device such as a combine, which can be used for a turning device having a slow turning mode in which a crawler on the inside of a turn is decelerated while turning at a speed slower than an outer crawler.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At the time of working a combine, it is necessary to repeatedly turn the vehicle in a headland at the end of a field to change the direction of the vehicle body. In the pivoting rotation mode in which the steering clutch of the crawler on the inside of the turning is disengaged and the turning force is turned by the braking force of the steering brake, the crawler may knead the mud on the soft soil surface, causing slippage and hindering the turning. Therefore, recently, there is one in which a slow swing mode is provided in which the crawler on the inside of the turn is turned at a lower speed than the crawler on the outside of the turn by disengaging the steering clutch.

However, in these combine harvesters, when the front-rear posture of the vehicle body suddenly changes due to riding over ridges or the like during work, there is a danger when the vehicle speed is high. At this time, it is sufficient if the operator is capable of sensitively reducing the vehicle speed, but since it is not always possible to respond sensitively, there is a risk of danger. Therefore, the present invention is provided with means for detecting the inclination of the dangerous state, and the vehicle speed is automatically decelerated by the detection of this means to avoid the danger.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a steering clutch shaft 31 is provided with a steering clutch 1 for turning on and off transmission to left and right steering gears 32, and a steering brake 2 for braking the surroundings. The turning clutch shaft 38 has a left and right steering transmission gear 39 that meshes between the steering gear 32 on the steering clutch shaft 31 and the wheel gear 41 on the wheel shaft 42.
And the left and right turning clutches 4 for turning on and off the transmission from the turning clutch shaft 38 to the left and right steering transmission gears 39.
0, and the swing switching shaft 35 has a swing switching gear 36 that switches to the slow swing gear 33 having a different reduction ratio and transmits to the swing clutch shaft 38. 33 and the turning clutch 40 of either the right or left is engaged to set a slow turning mode in which the left and right wheel shafts 42 are transmitted with a rotational difference, and the turning switching gear 36 is moved to the slow turning gear 33. And the turning clutches 40 are engaged with each other to set a deceleration mode in which the left and right wheel shafts 42 are decelerated at the same time.

[0005]

According to the above-mentioned structure, the operation of the combine requires the turning to change the direction of the vehicle body in the headland of the field, etc. In the pivot turning mode by braking, the crawler on the outside of the turn is likely to slip and hinder the turning on the soft soil surface, so at that time, the slow turning mode in which the crawler on the inside of the turn is decelerated from the outside of the turn is used. .

When working in these turning modes, for example, when it becomes necessary to climb over ridges or the like, and the front-back or left-right posture of the vehicle body suddenly moves up and down, it is dangerous if the vehicle speed is high. This abnormal change in body posture
For example, the risk is prevented by detecting the front and rear and left and right tilt sensors abruptly, and by the detection, the slow rotation mode is automatically set to the deceleration mode in which the left and right turning clutches 40 are engaged and the left and right crawlers are simultaneously decelerated. can do.

In this case, it is conceivable to use a vehicle speed control mechanism such as a continuously variable transmission to decelerate, but when the operator holds the main speed change lever for controlling the vehicle speed, the speed change is restricted. In this way, when working with the combine,
When the front and rear or left and right posture of the vehicle body suddenly moves up and down due to the need to climb over ridges, etc., an abnormal posture change of the vehicle body is detected by a tilt sensor etc. even when the operator cannot respond to sensitive vehicle speed deceleration. Since the vehicle speed can be automatically reduced by the deceleration mode, the operator is relieved of the trouble of paying attention to the abnormal posture change of the vehicle body.

[0008]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings with reference to a combine for performing a grain harvesting operation. A traveling device 7 having a pair of left and right crawlers 6 traveling on the soil surface is provided on the lower side of the vehicle stand 5 of the combine, and the grain culms supplied by being sandwiched between the feed chains 8 are threshed on the vehicle stand 5. A threshing device 10 equipped with a grain tank 9 for selectively collecting and temporarily storing the threshed grains is placed. At the front side of this threshing device 10, we cut and raise a standing culm by cutting it, and at the same time, while transferring this slashed culm to the rear side, a reaping device 11 that changes to a sideways posture and delivers it to the feed chain 8 is provided. It is mounted on the front end of the chassis 5 so that it can be moved up and down with respect to the soil surface. Further, the threshing device 10
An operating device 12 for controlling the operation of the combine on one side,
An operation seat 13 for this operation is provided, and a vehicle body 14 of the combine is constituted by these devices 7, 10, 11, 12.

A traveling mission case 3 is mounted on the front end side of the chassis 5, and an output shaft 17 of a continuously variable transmission 16 as a main shift by hydraulic drive is interlocked with an input shaft 15 as a first shaft of the mission case 3. Link. On the left and right sides of the input shaft 15 of the mission case 3, a normal speed gear 18 and a speed increasing gear 19 for switching the vehicle speed between a normal speed (L) side and a speed increasing (H) side are respectively mounted as idle shafts. , This normal speed
A speed increasing clutch 20 for axially rotating the speed increasing gears 18 and 19 by the action of hydraulic pressure or the like is provided at an intermediate position therebetween. A normal speed counter gear 21 and a speed increasing counter gear 22 which mesh with the normal speed gear 18 and the speed increasing gear 19 respectively and are constantly rotated are arranged, and an intermediate counter gear 23 is positioned in the middle of the gears. , 22 and 23 are respectively provided with a counter shaft 24 as a second shaft.

A double low speed transmission gear 25 as a working speed that meshes with the intermediate counter gear 23, and a high speed transmission gear 26 as a traveling speed that meshes with the normal speed counter gear 21, respectively, as a third shaft for idle rotation. A transmission shaft 27 is provided, and between the low speed transmission gear 25 and the high speed transmission gear 26, a speed change transmission clutch 28 is disposed, which is connected to both the gears 25 and 26 by switching and is connected to rotate the shaft. A left / right slide constitutes a sub-gear capable of shifting to a traveling speed position, a neutral position and a working speed position, and a speed change transmission gear 29 is axially fixed to one side of the speed change transmission shaft 27.

The two steering center gears 30 meshing with the speed change transmission gear 29 are the steering clutch shaft 3 as the fourth A shaft.
1, the left and right steering gears 32 are respectively supported on the left and right side surfaces of the steering center gear 30 by idling, and the left and right side surfaces of the steering gear 32 are contacted with each other to engage the claws between the side surfaces. The left and right steering clutches 1 that are engaged by spring force and pressurization of hydraulic pressure, etc., and the left and right steering brakes 2 that apply braking force by disengaging the steering clutch 1 are provided with their connecting shafts stopped. .

A slow swing gear 33 that meshes with one small diameter gear 25b of the two low speed transmission gears 25 and a spin swing gear 34 that meshes with one small diameter gear 30b of the two steering center gears 30 are provided. Rotation switching axis 3 as an axis
A swing switching gear 36 is provided on the left and right sides of 5, respectively, and between the slow swing gear 33 and the spin swing gear 34, the gears 33, 34 are switched to rotate the respective shafts. Is arranged so that it can be connected by sliding left and right.

A turning center gear 37 meshing with an outer peripheral gear of the turning switching gear 36 is axially fixed to a turning clutch shaft 38 serving as a fifth shaft, and is in contact with the left and right side surfaces of the turning center gear 37 so that the left and right steering gears are in contact with each other. Two left and right steering transmission gears 39, which mesh with 32, are arranged as idle shaft bearings. The left and right steering transmission gears 39 are brought into contact with the left and right side surfaces of the steering transmission gears 39 by the action of hydraulic pressure or the like. The left and right turning clutches 40 to be rotated are provided with their connecting shafts stopped.

Left and right wheel gears 41 meshing with the respective small diameter gears 39b of the two left and right steering transmission gears 39 are respectively fixed to one ends of the left and right wheel shafts 42 as a sixth shaft. The left and right wheel gears small 43 are respectively provided at the other ends by axial stop. The left and right small wheel gears 43
The left and right axle gears 44 that mesh with the left and right axle shafts 44 that mesh with the left and right axles 45, respectively, are respectively fixed to one ends of the left and right axles 45 serving as the seventh shaft, and the left and right traveling sprockets 46 that drive the left and right crawlers 6 are also stopped. Set up.

As shown in FIG. 8, a shifter 48 supported by a shifter stay 47 for switching the swivel switching gear 36 is fitted in a shifter groove 36a of the swivel switching gear 36, and an electric electromagnetic operation is performed. It is moved by the action of a rod 49 (or a telescopic cylinder by hydraulic pressure or the like) and is switched and positioned by a click stop 50 by a pressing ball or the like such as gentle turning ⇔ spin turning, and this switching operation and the steering clutch 1 and the steering brake are performed. 2 and turning clutch 4
The turning changeover switch 4 for switching the turning modes of the pivot turning, the slow turning, and the spin turning by turning ON / OFF of 0, and the speed increasing clutch 20 between the speed increasing (H) side and the normal speed (L) side. A speed increasing switch 55 for switching is provided on the panel portion of the operating device 12.

As shown in FIG. 9, a sub-transmission changeover switch 51 for switching between traveling speed ⇔ neutral ⇔ working speed as a sub-gear.
Is engaged with an auxiliary shift lever 52 provided on one side of the operating device 12, and a main shift lever 53 for shifting control of the continuously variable transmission 16 as a main shift is provided in the vicinity of the auxiliary shift lever 52. A power steering lever 54 for controlling the left-right steering and turning of the vehicle body 14 is provided, and a power steering position sensor 56 for detecting the tilt position of the power steering lever 54 is provided in engagement with the lever 54.

By tilting the power steering lever 54 to the left and right, the left and right steering clutch switching valves 57 for switching the on / off of the left and right steering clutches 1 and the left and right for adjusting the on / off of the left and right turning clutches 40. The swing clutch pressure reducing valve 58 and the left and right steering brake pressure reducing valves 59 for adjusting the braking force of the left and right steering brakes 2 are switched according to the swing modes switched by the swing changeover switch 4. A hydraulic circuit for appropriately operating the pressure reducing valves 58 and 59 and a hydraulic circuit for operating the speed increasing clutch switching valve 60 that switches the speed increasing clutch 20 by operating the speed increasing switch 55 are configured as shown in FIG. .

A vehicle speed sensor 61 is provided on the outer wall of the mission case 3 for engaging with one end of the speed change transmission shaft 27 to detect the vehicle speed, and the bottom of the mission case 3 is rotated by the resistance of the soil surface. A resistance plate is provided, and a subsidence amount sensor 62 for detecting the subsidence amount by rotating the resistance plate is provided. Further, the front and rear tilt and the left and right tilt of the vehicle body 14 are detected, and the left and right turning clutches 40 are detected by this detection.
The forward / backward tilt sensor 63 and the left / right tilt sensor 64 are arranged at appropriate positions on the vehicle body 14 so that the vehicle speed is reduced by switching on and off at the same time.

A control device 65 for centralizing a CPU and performing arithmetic control is installed in the vicinity of the operation device 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the power steering position sensor 56, 56 is provided on the input side of the control device 65. Left and right swing clutch pressure reducing valve 58
Pressure sensor 66 for detecting the pressure of the brake pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure of the left and right brake pressure reducing valves 59
7, vehicle speed sensor 61, sinking amount sensor 62, auxiliary shift changeover switch 51, speed increase switch 55, turning changeover switch 4,
The front-rear tilt sensor 63 and the left-right tilt sensor 64 are connected to each other, and further the deceleration mode control circuit 65b is connected to the vehicle speed sensor 61, the speed increasing switch 55, the gentle turning mode of the turning changeover switch 4, the front-back tilt sensor 63, the left-right tilt sensor. 64
To the output side, the electromagnetic operating rod 49, the left and right steering clutch switching valves 57, the left and right swing clutch pressure reducing valves 58, the left and right steering brake pressure reducing valves 59, and the speed increasing clutch switching valve 60 are respectively connected to the output side. In addition to the connection, the deceleration mode control circuit 65b is further connected to the electromagnetic operating rod 49, the left and right steering clutch switching valves 57, the left and right swing clutch pressure reducing valves 58, and the speed increasing clutch switching valve 60.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. Harvesting work is performed by the action of the traveling device 7, the threshing device 10, the mowing device 11, the operating device 12, etc., but during this harvesting work, a ridge crossing or the like is encountered, and the vehicle body 14 is greatly inclined to the front and rear sides (or left and right sides). In the mission case 3 having a deceleration mode for automatically decelerating the vehicle speed when the vehicle is in a dangerous state, the operation of the main speed change lever 53 is used to switch between forward / reverse and continuously change the vehicle speed. From the output shaft 17 of the gear transmission 16 to the mission case 3
The power is transmitted to the input shaft 15 of. When the speed increasing clutch 20 of the input shaft 15 is turned on, the normal speed (L) side normal speed gear 18 is turned on, and when the speed increasing clutch 20 is turned off, the speed increasing (H) side speed increasing gear 1 is turned on.
9 to the normal speed counter gear 21 and the speed increasing counter gear 22 which rotate about the counter speed adjusting counter shaft 24.

Due to this interlocking, the normal speed counter gear 21
Also, the intermediate counter gear 23, which also rotates about the counter shaft 24, is always rotated in association with the high-speed transmission gear 26 and the low-speed transmission gear 25, which idle around the speed change transmission shaft 27 as the auxiliary transmission. When the gear shift transmission clutch 28 that rotates in the axial direction is moved to the left and right to be connected to the high-speed transmission gear 26 by this interlocking, it is used as the traveling speed, and when it is connected to the low-speed transmission gear 25, it is used as the working speed. From the rotating transmission gear 29 to the steering clutch shaft 3 for steering and shifting.
It is interlocked with the steering center gear 30 that rotates in the direction of 1.

The left and right steering gears 32, which rotate freely on the left and right sides of the steering center gear 30, are disconnected by turning on and off the left and right steering clutches 1, which rotate on the left and right sides of the steering gear 32, respectively. In addition, the steering force is applied by the steering brake 2 when the steering wheel is disengaged so that the pivoting can be performed. The left and right steering gears 32 are interlocked with the left and right steering transmission gears 39 that freely rotate on the swing clutch shaft 38. From the left and right steering transmission gears 39, the left and right wheel shafts 42 are connected.
While interlocking with the left and right wheel gears 41 that rotate about
Similarly, the left and right wheel gears 43, which rotate about the wheel shaft 42, are interlocked with the left and right axle gears 44, which rotate about the left and right axles 45, and the traveling sprocket 46 rotates about the left and right axles 45. Crawler 6
Drive.

The small-diameter gear 25b of the low-speed transmission gear 25 is interlocked with the slow-moving slow-moving gear 33 that idles to the left of the turning-switching shaft 35 for turning-mode switching, and the small-diameter gear of the steering center gear 30 is used. From 30b, a spin turning gear 34 for spin turning, which also idles to the right of the turning switching shaft 35, is interlocked. The swing switching gear 36 located between the two gears 33, 34 is moved to the left and right by the click stop 50 of the shifter 48 on the shifter stay 47 by the action of the electromagnetic operating rod 49, so that the slow swing gear 33 or the spin swing is performed. By connecting to the gear 34 separately,
The two gears 33 and 34, which constantly rotate, interlock the turning switching gears 36 with each other, and the outer peripheral gears interlock with the turning center gear 37.

When the turning center gear 37 is interlocked, for example, when the left steering clutch gear 32 is disengaged by the steering clutch 1 and the left axle driving side gear 39 stops rotating, the left axle driving clutch is When 40 is turned on, when the turning switching gear 36 is connected to the slow turning side, the left turning steering transmission gear 39 makes a slow turning slower than the right turning, and the turning switching gear 36 is turned on. When connected to the spin turning side, the left steering transmission gear 39
Spin rotation can be performed by rotating the rotation direction of the opposite to the right.

During such interlocking action, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 5, the inclination angle of the vehicle body 14 detected by the front-rear inclination sensor 63 (or the left-right inclination sensor 64) becomes
For example, when the vehicle speed changes by 15 ° or more in a short time (within 1 second) and the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor 61 is 1 m / s or more, first, the speed increasing switch 55 is set to the speed increasing (H) side. If there is, this is switched to the normal speed (L) side, the vehicle speed is detected again, and when the vehicle speed is still 1 m / s or more, the deceleration mode is switched to.

By switching to this deceleration mode, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the left and right steering clutch 1 is disengaged by the action of the left and right steering clutch switching valves 57, and the left and right swing clutch 4 is operated by the action of the left and right swing clutch pressure reducing valves 58.
By entering 0, the vehicle speed can be instantaneously reduced by switching the transmission from the left and right steering gears 32 to the transmission of the slow turning gear 33 simultaneously on the left and right.

This deceleration state is maintained until the vehicle body 14 returns to the normal state, and when the vehicle body 14 returns to the normal state, the deceleration mode is released and the speed increasing switch 55 is switched to the speed increasing (H) side again. . All of these controls are automatically processed by the arithmetic control of the controller 65. Further, when the turning mode is switched to the gentle turning and the turning is performed, the reduction ratio of the inner crawler 6 to the outer crawler 6 is constant. It is very troublesome and often requires many turns.

Therefore, when the power steering lever 54 is tilted while performing a gentle turning, the speed of the outer crawler 6 can be appropriately slowed down with respect to the speed of the decelerated crawler 6 on the inner side of the turning, as shown in FIG. The steering clutch switching valve 57 is switched by performing pulse output by an appropriate means, and the steering gear 32 is turned on and off to intermittently interlock the steering gear 32 to reduce the speed, thereby increasing the turning radius. Therefore, when the turning radius becomes smaller than expected, the alignment can be easily performed.

Note that, especially on a soft soil surface, slippage of the outer crawler 6 during turning becomes severe. Therefore, by decelerating the crawler 6 at this time, slippage can be suppressed as much as possible, and the soil surface can be crawled. It is possible to make a smooth turn without damaging it due to scratching.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire combine.

FIG. 2 is a developed front sectional view showing a transmission mechanism of a mission case.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a hydraulic circuit related to automatic control.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an electric circuit related to automatic control.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a deceleration procedure in a deceleration mode.

FIG. 6 is a pressurization diagram showing the operation of the hydraulic valve in the deceleration mode.

FIG. 7 is a pressurization diagram showing the action of the hydraulic valve in a gentle turn.

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing a turning mode switching portion.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a sub gear shifting operation tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Steering Clutch 2 Steering Brake 31 Steering Clutch Shaft 32 Steering Gear 33 Steering Gear 33 Slow Swing Gear 35 Swing Switching Shaft 36 Swing Switching Gear 38 Swing Clutch Shaft 39 Steering Transmission Gear 40 Swing Clutch 41 Wheel Gear 42 Wheel Shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A steering clutch shaft 31 includes a steering clutch 1 for turning on and off transmission to left and right steering gears 32, and a steering brake 2 for braking the associated clutch. The steering gear 32 on the steering clutch shaft 31.
A left and right steering transmission gear 39 that meshes between the steering gear 39 on the wheel shaft 42 and a wheel gear 41 on the wheel shaft 42, and a left and right steering clutch 40 that connects and disconnects the transmission from the rotation clutch shaft 38 to each of the left and right steering transmission gears 39. The swivel switching shaft 35 has a swivel switching gear 36 that switches to the slow swivel gear 33 having a different reduction ratio and transmits the swivel clutch shaft 38 to the slow swivel gear 33. And the turning clutch 40 is engaged or disengaged to set a slow turning mode in which the left and right wheel shafts 42 are transmitted with a rotational difference, and the turning switching gear 36 is engaged with the slow turning gear 33. And a left and right turning clutch 40 are engaged to set a deceleration mode in which the left and right wheel shafts 42 are simultaneously decelerated, and a turning device such as a combine.