JP2009185496A - Rainwater storage facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rainwater storage facility preventing such an accident that refuses are caught by a valve element and a valve cannot be closed and of stably and naturally discharging a specified amount of rainwater irrespective of the stored amount of water. <P>SOLUTION: This rainwater storage facility comprises: a rainwater storage tank for temporarily storing rainwater; and orifice discharge tubes for naturally discharging the stored rainwater from the side of the rainwater storage tank. The rainwater storage facility comprises the plurality of orifice discharge tubes. An on-off opening and closing valve is installed in each orifice discharge tube. When the stored rainwater is discharged, the quantity of the orifice discharge tubes for opening the opening and closing valves is automatically controlled according to the level of the rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rainwater storage facility including a rainwater storage tank that temporarily stores rainwater and an orifice drain pipe that naturally discharges rainwater stored from a side surface of the rainwater storage tank.

  Conventionally, rainwater storage facilities have been installed mainly for the purpose of flood control, and have been used to adjust rainwater by storing rainwater in a rainwater storage tank when heavy rain occurs.

  In recent years, there has been an increasing demand to use rainwater storage facilities for water utilization so that rainwater stored in rainwater storage tanks can be used for toilets and greening facilities in parks, schools, shopping centers, and the like.

  However, in a rainwater storage facility for the purpose of water utilization, the stored rainwater is consumed for a predetermined period, and therefore, a predetermined amount of rainwater must always be held inside the rainwater storage tank of the rainwater storage facility. However, in the case where heavy rain occurs when rainwater is stored inside the rainwater storage tank, the rainwater storage tank can fill up in a short time, so the rainwater storage facility can be controlled. The problem of disappearing occurs.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention are obtained by one rainwater storage tank, rainwater introduction means for guiding rainwater into the rainwater storage tank, discharge means for discharging water in the rainwater storage tank, and various measuring instruments. Meteorological data collecting means for collecting the meteorological data, and a stored water amount control means for controlling the amount of water stored in the rainwater storage tank based on the collected weather data. The rainwater storage tank functions as a flood control tank by discharging rainwater remaining in the rainwater storage tank when rain is expected based on the above, while the stored water volume control means allows the rain We have previously proposed a rainwater storage facility characterized by allowing the rainwater storage tank to function as a water-use tank by continuously storing rainwater remaining in the rainwater storage tank during a period when there is no fear (Patent Literature). Reference).
That is, in the rainwater storage facility, rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank is not consumed for purposes other than water use except when rain is predicted by meteorological data, so that one rainwater storage tank functions as a water supply tank. It functions well as a flood control tank.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 4, as a discharge means for draining the stored water from the rainwater storage tank or the adjustment pond as described above by natural discharge, only one orifice drain pipe 100 with an on / off valve 110 is used. As shown in FIG. 5, the natural discharge flow fluctuates greatly depending on the water head pressure. That is, when the water level in the rainwater storage tank falls, the natural discharge rate gradually decreases, and there is a possibility that it is not possible to cope with the case where emergency drainage is required. On the other hand, if the orifice drainage pipe has a large diameter, it can cope with emergency drainage, but if the water level is high, the drainage capacity to the river etc. may be exceeded, which may cause flooding in the downstream area.

  Therefore, in order to improve this, rainwater collected in the water storage tank is adjusted to be connected to the discharge port provided at the bottom of the dam and to the discharge port so that it is stably discharged at the maximum allowable discharge flow rate. A flexible hose having a predetermined length that is disposed in the pond and has an inlet at the tip thereof, and a float that floats the tip of the flexible hose so that at least a part of the inlet is located below the water surface. Adjusting basin discharge flow rate adjusting device (see Patent Document 2), fluctuating means installed at the outlet of the adjusting pond to form an orifice, and guiding means or circuit for guiding the fluctuating means to translate in the horizontal or vertical direction. A shaft support means that is movably supported; a float that floats on rainwater stored in the adjustment pond; and a connection means that connects the float and the fluctuation means directly or via a power transmission mechanism. The discharge area of the adjustment basin is changed by driving the changing means according to the lift amount of the float (see Patent Document 3), and the set flow rate is set. The loss head for the set flow rate is calculated using the loss head coefficient on the upstream and downstream sides of the flow control valve according to the pipe condition, and the difference between the calculated loss head and the water level detected by the water level gauge before and after the flow control valve. Calculates the pressure, assumes the valve opening, reads the capacity coefficient corresponding to the assumed valve opening from the valve opening versus capacity coefficient characteristic curve of the flow control valve, and assumes from the read capacity coefficient and the differential pressure A method of calculating a flow rate with respect to the determined valve opening, determining and setting a valve opening of the flow control valve at which the calculated flow rate becomes equal to the set flow rate, and controlling the flow control valve to the set valve opening (see Patent Document 4) ) Etc. are proposed There.

However, in the case where the discharge can be adjusted using the float as described above, since it is used in the natural world, dust or the like may be caught, and the sliding / movable part may not move with time. . Further, since the sliding / moving part does not move, the water level cannot be accurately grasped, and there is a concern that an accurate amount of water cannot be drained.
On the other hand, in the method of controlling the valve opening, when the water level is high and the valve must be made very narrow, dust may get caught in the valve body of the valve, and the set drainage volume may not be output. Further, when the valve is closed, dust or the like remains on the valve body, and there is a possibility that the valve cannot be closed or that the valve may be damaged.

JP 2007-126939 A JP-A-5-280028 JP 2007-9632 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-119057

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can prevent an accident that the valve body is stuck due to dust etc. and the valve is not closed, and stably discharges a specified amount of rainwater as much as possible regardless of the amount of stored water. The purpose is to provide rainwater storage facilities that can be used.

  In order to achieve the above object, a rainwater storage facility according to claim 1 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “rainwater storage facility according to claim 1”) includes a rainwater storage tank that temporarily stores rainwater, and this rainwater storage facility. A rainwater storage facility comprising an orifice drain pipe that naturally discharges rainwater stored from the side of the tank, comprising a plurality of orifice drain pipes, each of which is provided with an on-off open / close valve It is characterized by that.

  The rainwater storage facility according to claim 2 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “rainwater storage facility according to claim 2”) is the rainwater storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater storage facility is in a rainwater storage tank when the stored rainwater is discharged. The number of orifice drain pipes that open the on-off valve is automatically controlled according to the level of rainwater stored in the tank.

  The rainwater storage facility according to claim 3 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “rainwater storage facility according to claim 3”) is the rainwater storage facility according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of orifice drain pipes are provided horizontally. When the stored rainwater is discharged, the opening sequence of the opening / closing valves of the orifice drain pipes arranged in the horizontal direction is automatically changed every time the set number of discharges has elapsed.

  The rainwater storage facility according to claim 4 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “rainwater storage facility according to claim 4”) is the rainwater storage facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of orifice drain pipes are used. When the stored rainwater is discharged, the opening / closing valve of the orifice drain pipe located at the lower position is connected to the position of the orifice drain pipe where the stored rainwater level is set at one stage higher or It is characterized in that it is automatically controlled so as to be opened when the set water level is provided between the orifice drain pipe provided at the first stage higher level and the orifice drain pipe at the first stage higher level.

In the present invention, the rainwater storage tank is usually buried underground and may be made of plastic or concrete, but is preferably made of plastic because it is inexpensive.
As a plastic product, for example, the load-bearing performance possesses T25 (load-bearing performance capable of passing through 25 ton trucks), and sediments such as sand are consolidated in one place to improve maintainability ( For example, a trade name Rain Station manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. is suitable.

The diameter of the orifice drain pipe is not particularly limited as long as the maximum amount of rainwater drained by opening the valve does not exceed the regulated amount, and may be the same diameter or different diameters.
The valve provided in the orifice drain pipe is not particularly limited as long as it is an on / off structure (fully open-fully closed), but an electromagnetic valve (solenoid valve) is usually used.

In the present invention, the valve operation of the orifice drain pipe may be performed manually, but it is preferable to perform automatic control as in the rainwater storage facility according to claims 2 to 4.
Although it does not specifically limit as a water level meter which measures the water level in the rainwater storage tank used in this invention, For example, a capacitance level meter, a float type level meter, an ultrasonic level meter etc. are mentioned.

Moreover, although the rainwater storage facility of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to provide the weather data collection means which collects weather data.
The weather data is not particularly limited, but rain data transmitted from the weather service support center via the Internet can be used, or rain information provided from various sites on various Internets can be used. Preferably, the target area transmitted from the meteorological service support center is 1 km mesh, and it is preferable to use data capable of forecasting rainfall up to 6 hours later.

As described above, since the rainwater storage facility of the present invention includes a plurality of orifice drain pipes, the number of orifice drain pipes whose valves are opened according to the level of rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank is changed. can do. In other words, the lower the water level, the greater the number of orifice drain pipes whose valves are opened, so that water can be drained at a predetermined drainage rate even when the head pressure is lowered.
Since each orifice drain pipe is provided with an on-off type valve, there are few problems caused by dust or the like caught on the valve body portion, and a stable drainage amount can be maintained.

  Further, as in the rainwater storage facility according to claim 2, there is provided a valve opening / closing control means for controlling the number of orifice drain pipes that open the valve according to the level of rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank. If the water level is automatically lowered, the number of orifice drain pipes whose valves are opened is increased so that the water can be drained at a predetermined drainage speed even when the head pressure is lowered.

  As in the rainwater storage facility according to claim 3, a plurality of orifice drain pipes are provided horizontally, and when the stored rainwater is discharged, the opening order of the valves of the orifice drain pipes arranged in the horizontal direction is set. If the valve opening / closing control means for changing the number of times of discharge is provided, it is possible to prevent SS and the like from partially staying at the bottom of the tank.

  As in the rainwater storage facility according to claim 4, the plurality of orifice drain pipes are provided shifted in the height direction, and when the stored rainwater is discharged, the orifice drain pipe located at the lower position is configured so that the level of the stored rainwater is If the valve is provided with a valve opening / closing control means for controlling the valve to open when it reaches the position of the orifice drain pipe provided at one level higher, the tank opens sequentially from the upper orifice discharge pipe. It is less likely to roll up the SS at the bottom, and it is less likely to cause a malfunction of the valve due to dust and the like, and stable control is possible.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.
FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a rainwater storage facility according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rainwater storage facility 1 a includes one rainwater storage tank 2, a rainwater introduction part 3 that guides rainwater into the rainwater storage tank 2, and three drains of water in the rainwater storage tank 2. Orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b, 4c, a meteorological data collecting unit 5 for collecting meteorological data, and a control unit 6.

  The rainwater storage tank 2 is embedded in a basement such as a parking lot, for example, and is provided with a water level meter 21 for detecting the amount of stored water, and although not shown, a water supply pump and a water supply pipe In addition, a flow meter and an overflow pipe for measuring the flow rate of the water that flows through the water supply pipe are provided.

  The rainwater introduction part 3 is provided in the upper part of the rainwater storage tank 2, for example, rainwater which flows in from the rooftop R of the building which is a water collection part via the trap 32 and the collective mass 33 such as a manhole. Although not shown in the figure, a flow meter is provided.

The three orifice discharge pipes 4a, 4b, and 4c are provided horizontally at a substantially bottom position of the rainwater storage tank 2, and are each provided with an electromagnetic valve 41 that is an on / off type on-off valve.
The diameters of the orifice discharge pipes 4a, 4b, and 4c are the maximum allowable values specified by local governments when the rainwater in the rainwater storage tank 2 is at the highest water level (hereinafter referred to as “full water level”). It is set to a pipe diameter that allows natural discharge of rainwater (eg, 0.4 L / min).
The electromagnetic valve 41 is opened and closed according to an opening / closing signal output from a valve opening / closing means provided in the control unit 6.

  For example, the meteorological data collection unit 5 is designed so that the target area transmitted from the meteorological service support center can be collected via the Internet line 50, and the meteorological data capable of forecasting rainfall up to 6 hours later can be collected with a 1 km mesh. Although not shown, for example, barometers, hygrometers, dew point meters, thermometers, anemometers, anemometers, rain gauges are provided, and data measured by these measuring instruments is controlled. It is to be sent to part 6.

  Although not shown, the control unit 6 is a program control computer having a valve opening / closing means, a communication device for acquiring rain forecast data, a relay for valve control, an adapter for A / D conversion, etc. The valve opening / closing means automatically analyzes the meteorological data collected by the meteorological data collecting unit 5, the amount of stored water measured by the water level meter 21 and the amount of inflow water measured by the flow meter, and the electromagnetic valve 41 is based on the analysis result. For example, the rainwater in the rainwater storage tank 2 is naturally discharged to a river or the like using the orifice discharge pipes 4a, 4b, and 4c as follows.

  That is, when it is determined that it is necessary to release rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank 2 by the scheduled rainfall time and to provide a storage space in the rainwater storage tank 2, etc. The water level data measured by the water level gauge 21 sent to the program control computer is the full water level (for example, 1500 mm from the bottom of the rainwater storage tank 2) or the full water level and the first set water level (for example, 2/3 of the full water level). When the water level is determined to be within the range, the valve opening / closing means automatically opens only the electromagnetic valve 41 of one orifice drain pipe 4a, and stores rainwater only from the one orifice drain pipe 4a opened. Rainwater stored in the tank 2 is naturally discharged into rivers.

The water level data measured by the water level meter 21 sent to the program control computer of the control unit 6 is the first set water level or the first set water level and the second set water level (for example, a water level that is 1/3 of the full water level). Is determined to be between, the valve opening / closing means automatically opens the electromagnetic valve 41 of any one of the orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b and opens the two opened solenoid valves. The rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank 2 from the orifice drain pipes 4a and 4b is naturally discharged into a river or the like.
When it is determined that the water level data measured by the water level meter 21 sent to the program control computer of the control unit 6 is lower than the second set water level, the valve opening / closing means has three orifice drain pipes 4a, The electromagnetic valves 41 of 4b and 4c are automatically opened, and rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank 2 is naturally discharged into the river etc. from the opened three orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b and 4c.

  In addition, when the water level becomes the first set water level and the second set water level along with the discharge, the electromagnetic valve 41 opened first is kept open, and the electromagnetic valve 41 closed for each set water level is opened. It has become so. It is determined that the water level continuously measured by the water level gauge 21 has reached the lowest level, or, for example, the amount of rainwater flowing into the rainwater storage tank 2 due to rainfall predicted and predicted from meteorological data can flow in. When it is determined that the water level has reached the level where space is to be secured, the electromagnetic valves 41 of all the orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b, 4c are closed in response to a signal from the valve opening / closing means.

  In the rainwater storage facility 1a, the solenoid valve 41 is opened in the order of the orifice drain pipe 4a-orifice drain pipe 4b-orifice drain pipe 4c, and once the discharge is completed, when the valve opening / closing means is discharged next, the orifice The electromagnetic valve 41 is opened in the order of the drainage pipe 4b-orifice drainage pipe 4c-orifice drainage pipe 4a. At the next discharge, the solenoid valve 41 is opened in the order of the orifice drainage pipe 4c-orifice drainage pipe 4a-orifice drainage pipe 4b. The program control computer is programmed as follows.

As described above, the rainwater storage facility 1a includes three orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b, and 4c in the vicinity of the bottom of the rainwater storage tank 2, and the level of rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank 2 is lowered. As the number of orifice drain pipes that open the electromagnetic valve 41 increases, the water can be naturally discharged at an efficient drainage rate even if the water level falls and the head pressure decreases.
That is, for example, the full water level of the rainwater storage tank 2 is 1500 mm from the bottom, the first set water level is 1000 mm from the bottom, the second set water level is 500 mm from the bottom, each of the orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b, 4c When the natural discharge capacity is 0.4 L / min at the water head pressure at the full water level (the same as the maximum allowable drainage amount specified by each local government), the water level is 1500 mm with only one orifice drain pipe as shown in FIG. In this case, a discharge flow rate of 0.4 L / min is obtained. When two orifice drain pipes are used, a total discharge flow of 0.4 L / min is obtained when the water level is 750 mm, and three orifice drain pipes. When the water level is 500 mm, a total discharge rate of 0.4 L / min is obtained.

In addition, since the open / close valves of the orifice drain pipes 4a, 4b, 4c are electromagnetic valves that are on / off type open / close valves, there are few problems caused by dust or the like caught in the valve body, and a stable amount of drainage can be obtained. Can keep.
Further, after the solenoid valve 41 is opened in the order of the orifice drain pipe 4a-orifice drain pipe 4b-orifice drain pipe 4c and once the discharge is completed, the orifice drain pipe 4b-orifice drain pipe 4c is used when the valve opening / closing means is next discharged. The solenoid valve 41 is opened in the order of the orifice drain pipe 4a, and the solenoid valve 41 is opened in the order of the orifice drain pipe 4c, the orifice drain pipe 4a, and the orifice drain pipe 4b at the next discharge. And the like can be prevented from partially staying at the bottom of the rainwater storage tank 2 and clogging the inlet of the orifice drain pipe.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the rainwater storage facility according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rainwater storage facility 1b includes three orifice drain pipes 4d, 4e, 4f provided with a solenoid valve 41 in the rainwater storage tank 2, for example, these orifice drain pipes 4d, 4e, 4f, the orifice drain pipe 4d is a position corresponding to 2/3 of the full water level of the side wall of the rainwater storage tank 2, the orifice drain pipe 4e is a position corresponding to 1/3 of the full water level, the orifice drain A pipe 4 e is provided near the bottom of the rainwater storage tank 2.
In addition, each orifice drain pipe 4d, 4e, 4f has a diameter that can be naturally discharged at the same discharge rate as the maximum allowable drainage amount specified by each local government, etc. when the same head pressure as the water level of 1/3 of the full water level is applied. Is set.

Until the water level drops to the position of the orifice drain pipe 4d, only the electromagnetic valve 41 of the orifice drain pipe 4d is opened, and the rain water in the rain water storage tank 2 is naturally discharged only from the orifice drain pipe 4d. At the position of the orifice drain pipe 4d, until the electromagnetic valve 41 of the orifice drain pipe 4e is opened and the water level drops to the position of the orifice drain pipe 4e, the rain water in the rain water storage tank 2 is only naturally from the orifice drain pipe 4e. When discharged and the water level reaches the position of the orifice drain pipe 4e, the rain water in the rain water storage tank 2 is discharged from the orifice until the electromagnetic valve 41 of the orifice drain pipe 4f is opened and the water level drops to the position of the orifice drain pipe 4f. It was configured to be naturally discharged only from the tube 4f.
Other configurations are the same as those of the rainwater storage facility 1a.

As described above, in the rainwater storage facility 1b, the open / close valves of the orifice drain pipes 4d, 4e, and 4f are electromagnetic valves 41 that are on / off type open / close valves. Therefore, the rainwater storage facility 1b is similar to the rainwater storage facility 1a. In addition, there are few problems with the electromagnetic valve 41 due to dust or the like caught on the valve portion, and natural discharge with a stable amount of drainage can be achieved.
Further, since it is naturally discharged sequentially from the upper orifice discharge pipe, the SS at the bottom of the rainwater storage tank 2 is rarely rolled up, and it is less likely to cause problems due to dust or the like being caught, and stable control is possible.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the electromagnetic valve that opens every discharge is switched, but may be switched every several discharges,
You may change for every fixed period, such as a week unit.
In the above embodiment, the three orifice drain pipes are arranged in either the horizontal direction or the height direction. However, the number may be two or four or more. A plurality of orifice drain pipes may be provided in both directions.

In the above embodiment, rainwater in the rainwater storage tank is drained only by natural discharge. However, in case of an emergency or when cleaning the rainwater storage tank, a water supply pipe is used. Drainage may be performed, or a forced drain pipe that can be drained with a pump or the like may be provided separately so that drainage can be performed from the forced drain pipe.
In the above embodiment, the amount of water stored in the rainwater storage tank is controlled based on the weather data collected by the weather data collection unit, but the weather data collection unit may be omitted.

It is a figure which explains typically one embodiment of rainwater storage equipment concerning the present invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of orifice drain pipes, and a natural discharge. It is a figure which illustrates typically the rainwater storage tank part of other embodiment of the rainwater storage facility concerning this invention. It is a figure which illustrates typically the rainwater storage tank part of the conventional rainwater storage equipment. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the water level at the time of discharging naturally using one orifice drain pipe, and a discharge flow rate.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b Rainwater storage equipment 2 Rainwater storage tank 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f Orifice drain pipe 41 Electromagnetic valve (on-off type on-off valve)

Claims (4)

A rainwater storage facility comprising a rainwater storage tank that temporarily stores rainwater and an orifice drain pipe that naturally discharges rainwater stored from the side of the rainwater storage tank,
A rainwater storage facility comprising a plurality of orifice drain pipes, wherein each orifice drain pipe is provided with an on-off open / close valve.   The rainwater storage facility according to claim 1, wherein when the stored rainwater is discharged, the number of orifice drain pipes that open the on-off valve is automatically controlled according to the level of the rainwater stored in the rainwater storage tank.   Plural orifice drain pipes are provided horizontally, and when the stored rainwater is discharged, the opening order of the open / close valves of the orifice drain pipes arranged in the horizontal direction is automatically changed every time the set number of discharges has elapsed. The rainwater storage facility according to claim 2.   A plurality of orifice drain pipes are shifted in the height direction, and when the stored rainwater is discharged, the orifice drain pipe is opened / closed at the lower position, and the stored rainwater level is one stage higher. 2. The position of the drain pipe or the orifice drain pipe provided at the first stage higher level and the set-up water level provided between the one stage higher level orifice drain pipe and automatically controlled so as to be opened. The rainwater storage facility according to claim 3.

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