JP3176315B2 - Regulating pond drainage flow control system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drainage flow control system for stored rainwater from a regulating pond for temporarily storing rainwater.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a residential area or the like where a residential area has been developed by cutting open a wilderness or a mountain forest, when heavy rain falls, the rainwater flows into a waterway or a river at a stretch, and the waterway or the like may be flooded. A pond is provided to temporarily store rainwater in the regulating pond, and the stored rainwater is gradually drained to avoid flooding of downstream waterways.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when a residential area S is built along a river R, a water channel Q flowing into the river R is formed.
Are formed, and regulating ponds P ₁ , P ₂ ... (General name: P) are attached to each water channel Q. Inflow / drainage pipes e and t are provided from the water channel Q in the regulating pond P, and the rainwater collected in the waterway Q is temporarily poured into the regulating pond P through the inflow pipe e to be stored, and the stored rainwater is drained into the drainage pipe t. And gradually drains to the water channel Q. In addition to the water channel Q, various small inflow pipes e ′ are connected to the regulating pond P, and rainwater flows in from the pipe e ′. The inflow pipe e from the water channel Q is provided with a weir or an on-off valve that flows when the water level of the water channel Q becomes a certain value or more, so that the water does not flow into the regulating pond P when the water level is less than that value. I have.

[0004] Such regulating ponds P are classified into a pool type in which the water surface constructed by a retaining wall D is exposed and a basement type embedded in the ground, and the latter underground type has an upper surface in which a playground is formed. , Parks and so on. On the other hand, the pool type of the former also, usually, tennis courts, used as such as the playground, at the time of heavy rain only, so that perform the function of regulating pond P.

The pool type conventional regulating pond P has a retaining wall D constructed around a ground G such as a tennis court, as shown in FIG. The inflow small pipes e and e 'are connected, and the drain pipe t is led out of the small pipes e through the reservoir basin f.
Is connected to the water channel Q. The inflow and discharge reservoirs f, f are connected by an appropriate groove (water channel) g, so that the rainwater that has flowed in does not reach the ground G such as a tennis court at a rainfall amount that does not need to be stored. ing. The groove g also functions as drainage on the ground G.

[0006] In this regulating pond P, the opening area of the drainage port 1 is set based on the rainwater regulating pond technical standards determined by the Japan Sewerage Association so as to have a drainage amount equal to or less than the permissible discharge rate in the downstream during planned rainfall. Its cross section is a non-adjustable orifice opening. Therefore, when rain falls in the area under the jurisdiction of the reservoir P, the rainwater passes through the inlet pipes e and e 'and the reservoir P
And the stored rainwater flows out from a drain port (orifice opening) 1 to a drain pipe t. At this time, if the amount of rainfall is large, the difference is stored because the amount of drainage based on the orifice opening is smaller than the amount of inflow. By this storage, flooding of the water channel Q and the river R is prevented. On the other hand, if the amount of discharge is larger than the amount of inflow due to the stop of rain or the like, the stored water is discharged, and this drainage is performed until the regulating pond P becomes empty.

[0007]

The drainage port 1 of the conventional regulating pond P has an opening area based on a predetermined standard as described above, and the area thereof is relatively small.
And even if the river R has a sufficient flow rate, it is impossible to perform drainage corresponding to the flow rate. This means that water is stored more than necessary, and the new inflowable flow rate is also reduced. Therefore, if heavy rain continues, the regulating pond P may not be able to store the inflowing rainwater, and may overflow and overflow.

[0008] If the rainfall is reduced or stopped, the total flow rate including the stored rainwater in the downstream water channel Q decreases as time passes, and the flow rate has a margin, thereby increasing the amount of drainage from the regulating pond P. However, as described above, since the degree of opening of the drain port 1 is constant (because adjustment is impossible), the amount of drainage cannot be increased.

Further, the low flow rate of the drain water from the drain port 1 means that it takes a long time to discharge the stored water. During that time, the regulating pond P is kept in a normal use state, such as a tennis court.
Cannot be used for sports grounds.

As a technique for adjusting the drainage flow rate of the regulating pond P, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-160423 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
No. 280028, which discloses the former,
This is to increase the initial drainage flow rate and cannot solve the above problem. In addition, in order to always obtain the maximum allowable discharge, regardless of the level of the water level of the regulating pond P,
The water outlet is made to follow the water level, and the above problem cannot be solved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to improve the rainwater storage capacity of a regulating pond and to smoothly and safely drain drainage of stored rainwater so that it can be used effectively as a sports ground. As an issue.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for draining rainwater from a regulating pond for temporarily storing rainwater.
Measure the rainfall per unit time, the storage water level of the regulating pond and the flow rate of the downstream water channel into which drainage from the regulating pond flows.
And the measured rainfall per unit time
Forecast the amount of rainfall after the measurement, and
And based on the two water level measurements, Ru Nodea which is adapted to control the amount of waste water of the regulating reservoir.

As described above, by appropriately controlling the amount of drainage based on the expected rainfall, the stored water level, and the flow rate of the downstream channel, overflow of the stored water in the regulating pond and flooding of the downstream channel can be prevented as much as possible.

As the control means, for example, the amount of drainage of the regulating pond is adjusted by an opening / closing valve provided at the drainage port, and the opening / closing valve is adjusted at the time of planned rainfall in the area under the jurisdiction of the regulating pond. There are three types of storage openings, which are below the permissible discharge rate, an emergency opening that can drain the stored water in the regulating pond in the shortest time, and a normal opening intermediate between the two opening degrees. However, when flowing into the downstream waterway without storing, when the expected rainfall that the downstream waterway may be flooded is a cautionary rainfall, the opening and closing valve is set to the storage opening degree, and when the rainfall is less than the cautionary rainfall, When the downstream waterway from the regulating pond is less than the flood flow that may cause flooding, and is less than the danger water level at which the regulating pond may overflow, the opening and closing valve is the normal opening degree, and the regulating pond is If when it becomes insurance level and downstream water passage becomes flood water, and emergency opening degree of the former,
The storage opening for the latter, independent of other measurements,
Either select one you like to the opening degree of the opening and closing valve.

If there are a plurality of regulating ponds P,
The measured values of rainfall, storage water level and discharge per unit time ,
And transmitted to the central monitoring panel is in said remote telephone line or radio, Ru can be remotely controlled amount of water discharged each adjustment pond the central monitoring panel.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, wherein FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective cutaway view of a main part of a drainage flow control system for a regulating pond, and FIG. 3 is a drainage flow rate control diagram of the regulating pond, and FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of the regulating pond.

As shown in FIG. 4, the regulating pond P is systematically installed at an appropriate place in the area under the jurisdiction of one administrative agency, and its size (water storage amount) and the like are determined by the receiving area of the regulating pond P and the plan. It is determined appropriately according to the amount of rainfall. For example, length x width x depth = 1
00 × 50 × 10 m, and the maximum rainwater storage amount in this case is 100 × 50 × 8 = 40,0 when the maximum water level is 8 m.
The 00m ^3. The mode of use of each regulating pond P is free, such as a tennis court, a volleyball court, and a playground.

An electric opening / closing valve (gate) 10 is provided at the discharge port 1 of each regulating pond P. This gate (valve) 10
The adjustment of the storage basin P is carried out at the planned rainfall in the area under the jurisdiction of the basin P, the storage opening that is equal to or less than the permissible discharge rate at the downstream, the emergency opening that can drain the stored water of the basin P in the shortest time, At this time, there are three types of normal apertures that are intermediate between the two apertures. That is, since it is necessary to drain the water in a shorter time than in the case of the orifice shown in FIG. 5, the storage opening that needs to be stored is the conventional orifice opening area, and the other normal opening and emergency opening are The relationship is as follows: storage opening degree <normal opening degree <emergency opening degree. More specifically,
The opening degree of the gate (valve) is determined according to the merging state of the river R and the water channel Q. For example, the opening area when fully opened is 40
0 × 400 (mm), and the gate 10 has a square shape covering the gate. The degree of opening is not limited to three types, but is arbitrary.

The valve (gate) 10 is driven up and down by an electric drive because of the necessity of automatic operation. In general, the valve (gate) 10 is installed as an electric switchgear (motor) 10a on the upper floor of the regulating pond P. The control panel or the like) performs an automatic opening / closing operation of the valve 10 according to the instruction of A. In FIG. 1, the valve 1
0 A local operation panel E is installed nearby so that a single operation can be performed. Further, the storage opening, the normal opening, and the emergency opening are set by automatically stopping the gate 10 with the limit switch. Each aperture is, for example, the total aperture, the storage:
30%, normal: 60%, emergency: 90%. At this time, full open and full close can also be set by detection of the limit switch, and by controlling the rotation amount of the electric motor 10a,
The degree of opening can also be adjusted flexibly.

Each of the regulating ponds P is provided with a rain sensor 11 for measuring the amount of rainfall in the area under the jurisdiction of the regulating ponds P. The rain sensor 11 measures the amount of rainfall with the intensity of rainfall, and the intensity is represented by the amount of rainfall per unit time, and is 0 to 100 mm / h.
Measure within the range. The specific embodiment is a water droplet counting type,
The rain is converted into a certain amount of water droplets and falls into the shell between the lamp and the photoelectric converter. Normally, when the rainfall for one minute is integrated and it continues to fall at the same intensity, how many mm per hour
Is measured, and is converted into a pulsed electric signal and output. As described above, if the amount of rainfall per hour (mm / h) is estimated based on the amount of rainfall per minute, the response can be quickly performed. Incidentally, the measurement of general rainfall is represented by the rainfall actually dropped in one hour, so it is not clear until one hour has passed, so the response is slow.

The rain sensor 11 may be installed in the receiving area of the reservoir P. However, the rain sensor 11 is installed near the rain reservoir P in consideration of maintenance of the rain sensor 11 and the like. At this time, avoid places where there is no obstruction such as buildings or trees that disturb the rainfall, the ground is flat, and the airflow is as horizontal as possible. It is necessary that the bounce from the ground does not enter.

The cautionary rainfall is determined by the measured value of the rainfall sensor 11, and the cautionary rainfall is determined by changing the opening degree of the electric valve 10 to the opening (storage area) corresponding to the orifice in the drainage of the rainwater stored in the regulating pond P. It is a rainfall amount that needs to be limited to the drainage amount (opening degree), and is an empirical value determined by the state of the water channel Q, the river R, and the like. For example, a warning rainfall of 15
(Mm / h), even if it starts to rain, the amount of rainfall is 15
When the flow rate is less than (mm / h), the total flow rate in the downstream water channel Q is also small, so that the valve opening degree of the regulating pond P is relatively large (normal opening degree). Absent. However, when the rainfall increases to 15 (mm / h) or more, the inflow from the other route to the water channel Q increases, and the total flow increases, and the downstream water channel Q and the river R may overflow. Therefore, the discharge amount is limited to the opening (storage opening degree) having an area equivalent to the orifice.

A water level gauge 12 is installed in each regulating pond P to measure the water level in the regulating pond P. At this time, the dangerous water level is a water level at which the stored rainwater in the regulating pond P may overflow and overflow into the regulating pond P and its vicinity. When the dangerous water level is exceeded, a command is issued immediately and the electric valve 10 is preferentially used as an emergency opening to drain a large amount of water urgently to lower the stored water level.

A flow meter 13 is provided in the downstream channel Q to measure the flow rate of the channel Q per unit time. This flow meter 13
Is a surface velocity type, has a built-in water level and flow velocity sensor in the diving probe, measures the water level and average flow velocity, and integrates the flow rate. The water level is detected by a diaphragm pressure sensor on the bottom of the probe, and the flow velocity is detected by transmitting ultrasonic waves forward from the entire surface of the probe. The ultrasonic waves impinge on suspended matter or bubbles in the water, and a part of the ultrasonic waves is reflected, and the ultrasonic waves are detected based on the reflection time returned to the sensor. At this time, the flood flow rate is a flow rate at a location where there is a high possibility of flooding in the downstream water channel Q. When the flood flow rate exceeds the allowable flow rate, the opening degree of the electric valve 10 is set to the opening degree corresponding to the orifice opening area (storage opening degree). )
Close until Thereby, the downstream water channel Q does not flood.

Each regulating pond P has an electric valve 10
An operation panel A for controlling the (electric motor 10a), the rain detector 11, and the water level gauge 12 is provided, and the operation panel A includes an operation panel, a controller, a communication unit, and a modem. Rain detector 11 in controller
And the water level signal of the water level meter 12 are input, and the flow rate signal is transmitted from the flow meter 13. In addition, a drive power supply for the electric valve 10 is output from the controller, and is also connected to the communication unit and the operation panel. The operation panel displays real-time conditions around the valve, such as the rainfall condition, the water level of the regulating pond P, the flow rate flowing in the downstream water channel Q, and the valve opening degree.
Manual operation is also possible. The communication unit is connected to the central monitoring panel C and operation panel B via a modem via an NTT telephone line (Japan).
Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, NTT is a registered trademark,
Same) or wirelessly connected.

Necessary data such as rainfall conditions, the water level of the regulating pond P, the flow rate of the downstream water channel Q, the valve opening, etc. are fetched from the controller to the communication unit at set time intervals, and the data is stored in the memory. The stored data can be transmitted upon request from the central monitoring panel C.
The operation panel B is also called periodically, fetches the current data into the communication unit, and processes it in the controller. or,
When an abnormality occurs, the central monitoring panel C is automatically notified and an emergency situation is notified promptly.

Further, an operation panel B for controlling the flow meter 13 is provided in the downstream water channel Q of each regulating pond P, and this operation panel B includes an operation panel, a controller, a communication unit, and a modem. Have been. The controller is connected to the flow meter 13 installed in the downstream water channel Q, and monitors the flow rate of the downstream water channel Q. The operation panel displays real-time conditions around the valve such as the rainfall condition, the water level of the regulating pond P, the flow rate flowing in the downstream water channel Q, and the valve opening degree, and also allows the manual operation of the electric valve 10. That is, the operation panel B can also control the drainage of the regulating pond P.

The communication unit is connected to the central monitoring panel C and the operation panel A via a modem by an NTT telephone line or wirelessly. The communication unit fetches necessary data such as a flow rate input from a controller and stores the data in a memory. Data can be transmitted in response to a request from the central monitoring panel C or the operation panel A. When an abnormality occurs, the central monitoring panel C is automatically notified and an emergency situation is notified promptly.

The central monitoring panel C is provided in a disaster prevention monitoring room, for example, a room of a city hall, and includes a computer, a communication unit,
And a modem. The communication unit is
Each of the operation panels A and B is connected to an NTT telephone line or wirelessly through a modem. The communication units of the operation panels A and B are periodically accessed by an instruction from a computer, and the communication between the operation panels A and B is performed. Record the data stored in the unit and store it in memory. The computer records the data stored in the communication unit on a hard disk in the computer, and processes the recorded data. At this time, if there is an abnormality notification from operation panels A and B, C
Display a message on the RT screen.

This embodiment is configured as described above. Next, the operation thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 3. When the weather is fine, the rainfall is 0 (mm / h). Naturally, the electric valve 10 does not operate, and the electric valve 10 is normally kept in the open state. Since the weather is fine, there is no inflow of rainwater, and there is no drainage if there is no rainwater storage.

Even if it begins to rain, if the amount of rain is less than the cautionary rainfall amount, the rain detector 11 does not operate. In this situation, rainwater flows into the reservoir P from the inflow pipes e and e '. Water is drained with the normal opening of the drain valve 10 attached to the mouth 1. That is, no rainwater is stored. For this reason, the stored water level is not dangerous. This state is shown by the control in FIG.

[0032] The rain becomes stronger and exceeds the cautionary rainfall (15 mm /
At h), the rain sensor 11 senses (ON) this, so that the valve 10 is closed from the normal opening state to an opening corresponding to the opening area of the orifice (storage opening) (FIG. 3, control). At this time, the valve 10 is automatically stopped by the limit switch. In this state, the amount of drainage from the drain port 1 is smaller than the amount of rainwater flowing from the inflow pipes e and e ′.
Water is stored in the regulating pond P. By limiting this discharge amount to the allowable downstream discharge flow rate, the downstream water channel Q does not flood and is safe. At this time, the difference between the inflow amount and the drainage amount is stored in the regulating pond P, and this state is maintained as long as it continues to rain and the rainfall is equal to or greater than the warning rainfall.

The rain becomes weaker, and cautionary rainfall (15 mm / h)
When the rainfall falls below, the rain detector 11 detects it (OF).
F), the valve 10 is controlled from the storage opening degree to the normal opening degree, a large amount of stored rainwater is drained, and the drainage time is reduced (control).

In this case, the water level of the regulating pond P is set (dangerous).
Since the water level is lower than the water level and the flow rate of the downstream water channel Q is also equal to or lower than the set value (flood flow rate),
No flooding of the downstream water channel Q occurs, and neither the inflow water nor the stored rainwater overflows around the regulating pond P.

If the flow rate value of the downstream water channel Q exceeds the set value, the valve 10 restricts the storage opening degree to reduce the amount of drainage and prevent the downstream water channel Q from flooding (control). On the other hand, when the water level of the regulating pond P exceeds a set value (dangerous water level), the valve 10 is adjusted to a larger opening degree (control). As a result, the stored rainwater in the regulating pond P is drained in a larger amount, and the inflow can be increased accordingly, so that it is possible to prevent water from overflowing from the regulating pond P and its surroundings. Both actions (control,) of this valve 10
Is the highest priority control that is forcibly performed regardless of other measured values. When both conditions occur, which one is given priority depends on the environment of each regulating pond P and the downstream waterway Q, each regulating pond P Is appropriately selected from past actual measurement examples and the like based on the relationship of the allowable water volume of each downstream water channel Q with respect to.

[0036]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

Conventionally, the drainage from the orifice opening is performed during the entire period from the start of rainfall to the completion of drainage of the stored rainwater. On the other hand, according to the present invention, when the rainfall exceeds the warning rainfall (set value), If the downstream channel flow exceeds the set value, the opening area becomes the same as the orifice opening, so the drainage time at that time is the same as before, but the rainfall is less than the set value, and the downstream channel flow is the set value. If it is less than this, the valve will normally remain open, and in this state it will be significantly shorter than before. In the embodiment, the drainage is performed 60/30 (opening%) = 2 times faster. Therefore, in the present invention, the drainage time of the stored rainwater is reduced.

Since a large amount of water is drained under the condition that the set flow rate (flood) in the downstream waterway is not exceeded, the downstream waterway is safe without flooding.

Since the drainage amount of the stored rainwater is large, the rainwater can be stored more even if the rainfall continues, and the storage capacity of the regulating pond is improved.

When the level of the stored rainwater exceeds a set (dangerous) value, the valve is controlled to the emergency opening degree to further increase the drainage amount. Therefore, even if the inflowing rainwater is large, the regulating pond does not easily overflow. For this reason, flooding due to overflow is eliminated, and facilities and the surrounding environment are improved.

Since the drainage time of the stored rainwater is shortened, the empty state of the stored rainwater increases. For this reason, the period in which the regulating pond is used as a sports ground or the like increases.

A central monitoring panel enables a batch control of a large number of regulating ponds, and a normal telephone line can be used instead of a dedicated line. And

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cutaway perspective view of an embodiment of a regulating pond drainage flow control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a drainage flow control of the regulating pond.

FIG. 3 is a drainage flow control diagram of the regulating pond.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of a regulating pond of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cutaway perspective view of a conventional regulating pond.

[Explanation of symbols]

A regulating reservoir control panel B waterway operation panel C central monitoring panel P, P _1, P ₂ ...... balancing reservoir Q downstream waterway R rivers e, e 'inflow pipe (inflow canaliculus) t drainage pipe 1 drain port 10 discharge port for opening and closing Electric valve 11 Rain detector 12 Regulating pond water level meter 13 Downstream channel flow meter

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] When draining the stored rainwater from a regulating pond for temporarily storing rainwater, the amount of rainfall per unit time in a jurisdiction of the regulating pond, the storage water level of the regulating pond, and the While measuring the flow rate of the downstream water channel into which the wastewater flows, from the measured rainfall per unit time, predict the rainfall after the measurement time, based on the predicted rainfall and the measured values of both water levels, With the drainage flow control system of the regulating pond that controls the drainage amount of the regulating pond P
The opening and closing valve provided at the drain port 1 of the regulating pond P
The opening and closing valve 10 is adjusted by the
At the time of planned rainfall in the jurisdiction of the reservoir P
The storage opening degree below and the water stored in the regulating pond
Emergency opening that can be drained at
There are three types of opening degree, and the area under the jurisdiction of the reservoir P flows into the downstream water channel Q without storage.
If there is a risk, the downstream channel Q may be flooded.
If the expected rainfall is a cautionary rainfall, the on-off valve 10
Is the above-mentioned storage opening degree, and the lower waterway Q from the regulating pond P
Less than the flood flow that may cause flooding and the adjustment
Pond P where the water level is below the danger level where there is a risk of overflow
In this case, the opening / closing valve 10 is set to the normal opening degree, and the case where the regulating pond P is at the dangerous water level and the case where the downstream water channel Q is flooded.
If the water volume is reached, the emergency opening degree for the former
And the above storage opening for the latter with respect to other measurements.
Regardless, either one is selected and the open / close valve 10 is turned on.
A drainage flow control system for a regulating pond characterized by its opening degree . 2. The drainage flow control system for a regulating pond according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of regulating ponds P, and they are remotely controlled at a single location. The measured values are transmitted by telephone line or wirelessly to the central monitoring panel C at the remote location, and the central monitoring panel C
In 請 characterized by remotely controlling the amount of water discharged each adjustment reservoir
3. The drainage flow control system for a regulating pond according to claim 1 .