JP2007146638A - Rainwater storage facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rainwater storage facility using one storage tank as a common tank for a water utilization tank and a flood control tank. <P>SOLUTION: The rainwater storage facility has one storage tank 2; a rainwater lead-in means for leading rainwater into the storage tank; a discharging means 4 for discharging water in the storage tank; and a stored water amount control means 5 collecting meteorological information and controlling the stored water amount of the storage tank based on the collected meteorological data. The stored water amount control means predicts and computes the amount of rainwater flowing into the storage tank from the information obtained time onward from the predicted amount of rain obtained based on the meteorological information. When there is a possibility of overflow of rainwater flowing into the tank by comparing with the residual space capacity of the storage tank, the amount of stored water in the storage tank equivalent to the amount of overflow is discharged before rainfall beyond a preset rainfall reference value is observed. When there is no possibility of overflow or no influence on a downstream water area even if overflows, a discharge stop state is held so that the storage tank functions to be utilized as the water utilization tank while maintaining a flood control function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to rainwater storage equipment used for rainwater use and flood control.

  The rainwater storage facility temporarily stores rainwater in a storage tank in the event of heavy rain, and stores all rainfall without discharging, as well as a temporary storage facility that discharges small amounts as the heavy rain ends. The amount that cannot be stored can be classified as a constant storage facility that overflows and uses the stored water. The former is sometimes called a flood control tank, and the latter is called a water tank.

  The purpose of the flood control tank is to control heavy rain damage, which has been increasing in recent years. The case where the amount of rainfall per hour is 100 mm or more is often referred to as heavy rain, but it refers to a large amount of rain and may be broadly called heavy rain of 30 mm / h or more. In any case, it is a large amount of rainfall, and the damage tends to increase year by year.

  The main problem in heavy rain is flood damage. The rain that can no longer flow in the sewer system will cause flood damage such as inundation of land and houses, inflow into underground streets, blockage of roads, and submergence of automobiles due to stagnation on the road surface. On the other hand, if a storage tank can be provided in the basement or another place, rainwater can be guided to the site to prevent the ground surface from staying.

  Secondly, even if drainage is possible in the sewer, if the rainwater in each basin flows down and concentrates on the final end treatment facility (sewage treatment center), the treatment capacity of the treatment facility may be exceeded. In this case, since it cannot process with a processing facility, it will be discharged directly to a river or the sea, and will cause remarkable environmental pollution. In recent years, oil ball spills and drifts from the sewer to Odaiba beach are famous cases.

  It is the flood control tank that aims to suppress this flood damage and the discharge of untreated water. By temporarily storing a large amount of rainwater, inundation of the ground surface can be prevented, and by gradually discharging after raining, there is no excess of treatment capacity at the end treatment facility, and untreated water discharge can be suppressed.

  Since the water tank is intended for water use, it basically has no drainage function and is only for storage. Therefore, when there is a large amount of stored water, the inflow water is only stored in the remaining space in the tank, and most of it overflows and flows down to the sewer.

  In recent years, legislation has been established as countermeasures against inundation damage, such as the Law for Countermeasures against Inundation of Specific City Rivers, and installation of flood control tanks has been promoted in various places. Along with this, it is not necessary to discharge the rainwater stored in the storage tank to the sewer system, but to use it for the purpose of water utilization so that it can be used for toilets and greening facilities in parks, schools, shopping centers, etc. Is growing.

  However, in the current continuous storage facility for the purpose of water utilization, rainwater must be secured inside the storage tank as much as possible in order to use rainwater regularly. However, when heavy rain occurs in a state where rainwater is stored inside the storage tank, the storage tank fills up in a short time and the remainder overflows, so a function as a flood control tank cannot be expected.

  Therefore, as a method for developing both the flood control function and the water use function, a method in which at least one water use tank and one water control tank are installed together has been conventionally employed.

  In such a rainwater storage facility, the water tank is placed in the order of the water tank and the water tank, and the overflow of the water tank is temporarily stored in the water tank, and the rainwater is stored in the water tank and then transferred to the water tank for use. There is a case to do so. In any case, the flood control tank is emptied with time after the end of the rain, so that it can be prepared for the next rain.

Further, for example, in the rainwater adjustment and utilization system described in Patent Document 1, a reservoir for rainwater, a rainwater adjustment tank, and a permeation tank are provided, and by connecting these tanks with pipes, the use of rainwater, rainwater It has been proposed to efficiently adjust the rainwater and infiltrate rainwater into the ground.
JP 2000-355959 A

  However, in rainwater storage facilities that have separate water tanks and flood control tanks, the result is that two similar storage tanks will be created, resulting in a significant deterioration in land use efficiency and construction costs. There was a problem.

  In addition, the rainwater adjustment and utilization system described in Patent Document 1 also has a problem that construction costs are required for constructing three tanks, a middle water storage tank, a rainwater adjustment tank, and an infiltration tank.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such circumstances, and provides a rainwater storage facility in which one storage tank is a common tank for a water use tank and a flood control tank.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that in a rainwater storage facility composed of a water use tank, a water control tank, etc., it is an integrated tank that expresses both functions of water use and water control for the entire capacity of one storage tank.

  According to this invention, since one storage tank is a common tank of a water use tank and a flood control tank, a rainwater storage facility can be used for the purpose of both water use and flood control only by providing one storage tank. Therefore, land use efficiency can be significantly increased and construction costs can be significantly reduced.

  In the rainwater storage facility having the above-described configuration, the present invention is also characterized in that the one storage tank is embedded in the basement, and in this case, the ground can be effectively used.

  The storage tank buried underground may be a plastic underground storage tank or a concrete underground storage tank. Plastic is preferable because it is inexpensive, and more preferably it has a load-bearing performance of T25 (load-bearing performance that can pass 25 tons trucks), and sand deposits are consolidated in one place to improve maintainability. What I let you do is good.

  In addition, if it cannot be buried underground due to price, etc., an open top dam, mini dam, pond, etc. may be used. In addition, if the site cannot be secured, it is possible to divide the watershed and river and provide a weir to replace the water tank.

  As a means for making the one storage tank a common tank for the water use tank and the flood control tank, use the weather information and enter the storage tank before the predicted time when rainfall above the preset rain reference value starts. The stored water in the storage tank is discharged by an amount equivalent to the amount predicted to overflow due to the predicted inflow water.

  Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that weather information is obtained through a communication network as means for using the weather information, and in this case, accurate weather information can be obtained quickly. Furthermore, it is also characterized in that weather information is obtained via the Internet. In this case, more accurate weather information can be quickly obtained with the recent development of the Internet.

  As weather information obtained on the Internet, in addition to the Japan Meteorological Agency homepage, information provided for a fee or free of charge at the Meteorological Business Support Center and various sites can be used. It is preferable to use paid information from public institutions because of the problem of information reliability.

  Information such as weather radar, Doppler radar, and multi-parameter radar installed in each local government can also be used. Furthermore, in order to improve the performance at a specific site, it can be obtained by installing a thermometer, barometer, rain gauge, hygrometer, etc. on the site and predicting rainfall from information obtained from them or past measurement data. Information can also be used as weather information.

  As a means for discharging the stored water, a metal or plastic electrically driven valve, a pressurized or suction pump, a movable weir, a screw type or a wire directly connected movable stopper is preferable.

  As means for introducing rainwater into the storage tank, there are methods such as overflowing weirs such as rivers and lakes, gutters beside roads, manholes, water collection masses or pumps.

  And this invention collects one storage tank, the rainwater introduction means which guides rainwater in this storage tank, the discharge means which discharges the water in a storage tank, and meteorological information, and based on this collected weather data Storage water amount control means for controlling the amount of water stored in the storage tank, and the storage water amount control means supplies the information into the storage tank after the time when the information is obtained from the predicted rainfall obtained based on the weather information. When the rainwater inflow amount is predicted and calculated, and compared with the remaining space capacity of the storage tank, if there is a possibility that the inflow rainwater into the tank may overflow, If there is no possibility of overflow, or if the overflow does not affect the downstream water area, stop the discharge. By keeping the state, characterized in that it can be used as benefit aquarium while retaining the flood control function.

  The stored water amount control means includes a programming for determining discharge based on weather information, and a man-machine interface unit for performing communication and operation with devices for realizing it.

  The programming unit of the stored water volume control means mainly calculates the difference between the amount of water flowing into the storage tank obtained based on weather information and the remaining space capacity calculated from the stored water volume at the time of measurement obtained by the water level gauge etc. It is a function. If the remaining space capacity is sufficiently large, drainage is not performed, and conversely, if the remaining space capacity is smaller, it is selected to drain the necessary amount so as not to overflow.

  The remaining space capacity refers to the capacity obtained by subtracting the amount of stored water at the time of measurement from the total capacity of the water tank. When rainwater flows in without draining the stored water at the time of measurement, the inflow that can flow in until it overflows. Equal to the amount of water.

  According to this invention, since one storage tank functions as a water-saving tank and also functions as a water-control tank, one storage tank serves as a common tank for the water-saving tank and the water-control tank. Rainwater storage facilities can be used for both flood control purposes. Therefore, land use efficiency can be significantly increased and construction costs can be significantly reduced.

  Furthermore, since weather information is collected via the Internet, accurate weather information can be obtained quickly, and prediction accuracy can be improved. In addition, since the measuring device is maintained by a specialist, it is also preferable that the recovery at the time of failure is reliable and quick.

  In the present invention, the rainwater introduction part is a manhole, and the discharge part is an electrically driven valve operated by an open / close signal of the stored water amount control part, and is installed in the storage tank or the manhole directly connected to the storage tank. It has a water level meter that can measure the water level in the storage tank.

  The rainwater introduction part becomes a manhole, which makes it easier to check and install or add a water level gauge. In addition, it is easy to collect rainwater collected at each location in one location, and the construction can be simplified.

  The water level meter can use an electromagnetic wave reflection type on the water surface, an ultrasonic reflection type, a floating ball position detection method, a pressure sensitive method installed at the bottom of the tank, and other methods. When a space free from obstacles can be secured in the vertical direction, the floating ball position detection method is preferable because it is inexpensive and has high performance.

  If a water level meter cannot be installed, a water meter can be installed at the inflow section, but it is possible to replace it, but due to the effects of time-dependent and cumulative errors such as evaporation and discharge, the true water storage that is separately measured periodically It is necessary to correct from.

  In addition, it is necessary to discharge the stored water before the predicted time when the rainfall exceeding the preset rainfall reference value starts, but this is based on the basic idea of flood control. This is because if a large amount of stored water is allowed to flow even after raining, the function of temporary storage will not be exhibited and the load on the end treatment plant cannot be reduced.

  Therefore, it is preferable to end drainage before the start of rainfall, but if it is below a certain standard level, it may not exceed the treatment capacity of the end treatment plant, and the rain reference value is set according to regional characteristics. This method is preferable. As a general experience value, inundation damage is unlikely to occur when the rainfall per hour is 10 mm or less, and if the rainfall is 10 mm / L or less, the discharge may continue even after the start of rainfall due to the balance with the remaining space capacity. .

  The discharge start time is preferably started as late as possible. Since the forecasted rainfall varies over time, the meteorological information may be changed to a rainfall that does not exceed later even if it is determined that the amount of inflow water exceeds the remaining space capacity. In this case, when the drainage time is short, if the drainage is delayed, the stored water is not lost without draining. If the amount of pre-drainage is large and the actual inflow rainfall is small, the amount of storage after raining will be less than the full water, and it is not preferable to say that the extra drainage is a loss.

Also, if drainage is delayed too much, the amount of overflow increases when the expected rainfall increases, and the flood control function becomes insufficient. Therefore, it is better to determine the drainage time with some allowance.
Preferably, an empirical rainfall start time is recorded, and more preferably, a learning function is added for optimization.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the rainwater storage facility in which one storage tank is a common tank of a water-use tank and a flood control tank.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a rainwater storage facility 1 according to the present invention.

  This rainwater storage facility 1 has one storage tank 2, a rainwater introduction part 3 that guides rainwater into the storage tank 2, a discharge part 4 that discharges water in the storage tank 2, and weather data via the Internet. The storage water volume control means 5 controls the storage water volume of the storage tank based on the collected weather data.

  The storage tank 2 is formed with a storage space so as to store rainwater, and is buried underground. In addition, a water level gauge 21 for detecting the amount of stored water is provided inside the storage tank 2.

  The rainwater introduction part 3 is provided in the upper part of the storage tank 2, and is comprised so that the rainwater which flows in from a sewer pipe, a manhole, etc. may be guide | induced to the storage tank 2. FIG. Further, a flow meter 31 for detecting the amount of water flowing into the rainwater introduction unit 3 is provided.

  The discharge part 4 is provided in the lower part of the storage tank 2, and the electrically driven valve | bulb 6 opened and closed according to the opening / closing signal output by the stored water amount control means 5 is attached.

  The stored water amount control means 5 collects weather data via the Internet, analyzes the collected weather data, the stored water amount measured by the water level meter 21 and the inflow water amount measured by the flow meter 31, and based on the analysis result. An opening / closing signal of the electrically driven valve 6 is output.

  Here, the weather data uses information related to various weather forecasts obtained from the homepage of the Japan Meteorological Agency via the Internet. For example, in the present embodiment, it is possible to preferably use a short-term rainfall forecast announced from the homepage of each regional meteorological observatory. In this rain short-term forecast, the area is divided into 5 km squares, the rain forecast data in each section is updated every 30 minutes, and data up to 6 hours later is provided. Moreover, the precipitation nowcast which performs the precipitation prediction of the national 1km mesh every 10 minutes is also widely provided, and can be used suitably for the rainwater storage facility 1 according to the present invention.

  And in the stored water quantity control means 5, the prediction system which collects the rain prediction information regarding the section in which the rain water storage facility 1 is installed and a certain range around it, and makes the rain prediction based on the change over time is constructed. The result of this prediction system and data representing the current state of the storage tank 2 (such as fluctuations in the inflow amount and storage amount) are determined, and an open / close signal for the electrically driven valve 6 is output.

  Therefore, the storage tank 2 is caused to function as a flood control tank and a water tank by controlling the rainwater remaining in the storage tank 2 by closing or opening the electrically driven valve 6 according to the predicted rainfall amount based on weather information. Can do.

  Further, this system may be used alone, or a plurality of systems may be operated in parallel by centralized management.

  A more specific embodiment will be described below.

A system as shown in FIG. 2 was constructed and the amount of stored water was confirmed.

Rainwater that falls on the rooftop 72 of about 200 m ² is supplied from a Sekisui Chemical plastic drain pipe “VU-50A” and a rainwater introduction part 74 consisting of manholes to a rainwater storage facility 71 (Sekisui Chemical's plastic underground storage tank “Rain Station”). , Amount of stored water: 50 tons, water depth: 2 m, occupied area: 25 m ² ). The rainwater storage facility 71 was provided with a water level meter 73 of a floating ball position detection method manufactured by Suntest and an electrically driven valve 75 for drainage (plastic electromagnetic valve “Electromagnetic ball valve-50A” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.).

On the other hand, the electrically driven valve 75 for drainage and the stored water amount control means 76 developed by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. were connected by a 100V electric wire. In addition, the stored water amount control means 76 and the weather information 77 were connected by an internet cable. As the weather information 77, paid information that can calculate the current precipitation amount and the predicted rainfall amount up to 6 hours ahead every hour in the 1km mesh information around the installation location is used.

  The stored water amount control means 76 includes a communication device for reading weather information, a relay for valve control, an adapter for A / D conversion, and the like in addition to a program and a program control computer.

When the water level in the water tank was measured and the water level was 2.00 m, the rain forecast shown in Table 1 was sent, so the valve was opened 1 hour after the weather information was obtained, and then drained for 5 minutes. . After 5 minutes, the valve was closed and the change in the amount of stored water was confirmed by a water level gauge. The amount of discharged water was calculated to be 25 (m ² ) × 0.44 (m) = 11 (tons).

It was 1.98 (m) when the water level in the water storage tank was measured after 6 hours had passed since the information was obtained and the rain was over. There was no overflow, and the function as a flood control tank could be secured. The full water rate was 1.98 / 2.00 = 99%, which was good.
The error rate was calculated as (1.98-1.56) / (2.00-1.56) = 95.4% when calculated as inflow / discharge based on the inflection of the water level gauge. It was.

A system as shown in FIG. 3 was constructed and the amount of stored water was confirmed.

Rainwater that falls on the rooftop 82 of approximately 200 m ² is supplied from the rainwater introduction part 84 consisting of plastic drainage pipe “VU-50A” made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. (reservoir amount: 30 tons (water depth: 2 m, occupied) Area: 15 m ² ). In the rainwater storage facility 81, a water level gauge 83 of a floating ball position detection method manufactured by Suntest and a suction pump 85 for drainage (discharge amount: 50 L / min) were installed.

On the other hand, the suction pump 85 for drainage and the stored water amount control means 86 of the product developed by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. were connected by a 100V electric wire. Further, the stored water amount control means 86 and the weather information 87 were connected by an internet cable. As the weather information 87, paid information capable of calculating the current precipitation amount and the predicted rainfall amount up to six hours ahead every hour in the 1km mesh information around the installation location is utilized.

The stored water amount control means 86 includes a communication device for reading weather information, a relay for valve control, an adapter for A / D conversion, and the like in addition to a program and a program control computer.
The water level gauge 83 was fixed to a PVC pipe of 100A, and was installed in the reservoir so that communication-related parts would not be submerged.

When the water level in the water tank was measured and the water level was 2.00 m, the rain forecast shown in Table 2 was sent. After 1 hour and 15 minutes had passed since the weather information was obtained, the pump was operated for 45 minutes to drain the water. It was. After 45 minutes, the valve was closed and the change in the amount of stored water was confirmed by a water level gauge. The amount of discharged water was calculated to be 15 (m ² ) × 0.15 (m) = 2.25 (tons).

It was 1.99 (m) when the water level of the water tank was measured after 6 hours had passed since the information was obtained and after the rain was over. There was no overflow, and the function as a flood control tank could be secured. The full water rate was 1.98 / 2.00 = 99%, which was good.
The amount of inflow was (1.99 m-1.60 m) × 15 m ² = 5.85 m ³ as predicted. (Expected total rainfall 0.03m × 200m3)
The full water rate could be brought close to 100%, there was no overflow, and optimal control with minimum drainage could be performed.

  As mentioned above, although the Example as an example was demonstrated about embodiment of this invention, it is not restricted to the Example mentioned above.

  The present invention can provide a rainwater storage facility in which one storage tank is a common tank for a water utilization tank and a flood control tank.

It is the schematic which shows typically the rainwater storage facility which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the rainwater storage facility which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the rainwater storage facility which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rainwater storage equipment 2 Reservoir 21 Water level meter 3 Rainwater introduction part 31 Flowmeter 4 Discharge part 5 Reserved water amount control means 6 Electric drive type valve

Claims (7)

  A rainwater storage facility comprising a irrigation tank, a flood control tank, and the like, wherein the rainwater storage facility is an integrated common tank that expresses both functions of a water supply tank and a flood control tank for the entire capacity of one storage tank.   The rainwater storage facility according to claim 1, wherein one storage tank that is a common tank for the water-saving tank and the flood control tank is buried underground.   As a means for making the one storage tank a common tank for the water use tank and the flood control tank, use the weather information and enter the storage tank before the predicted time when rainfall above the preset rain reference value starts. The rainwater storage facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stored water in the storage tank is discharged by an amount equivalent to an amount predicted to overflow due to the predicted inflow water.   The rainwater storage facility according to claim 3, wherein the weather information is obtained via a communication network.   The rainwater storage facility according to claim 4, wherein the weather information is obtained via the Internet.   One storage tank, rainwater introducing means for guiding rainwater into the storage tank, discharge means for discharging water in the storage tank, and collecting weather information, and storing the storage tank based on the collected weather data A storage water amount control means for controlling the amount of water, and the storage water amount control means predicts the amount of rainwater inflow into the storage tank after the time when the information is obtained from the predicted rainfall obtained based on the weather information.・ Calculate, on the other hand, by comparing with the remaining space capacity of the storage tank, if there is a possibility that the rainwater flowing into the tank will overflow, the amount of stored water in the storage tank equivalent to the overflow, It is discharged before the rainfall exceeding the pre-set rainfall reference value is observed. If there is no possibility of overflow or if it does not affect the downstream water area even if it overflows, the discharge stop state is maintained. And in claim 1 or 2 rainwater storage facilities, characterized in that it can be used as benefit aquarium while retaining the flood control function.   The rainwater introduction part is a manhole, and the discharge part is an electrically driven valve that operates according to the open / close signal of the storage water amount control part, and is installed in the manhole directly connected to the storage tank or the water level in the storage tank. The rainwater storage facility according to claim 6, further comprising a water level meter capable of measuring the water level.

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