CN109164509B - Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method - Google Patents
Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109164509B CN109164509B CN201810737821.1A CN201810737821A CN109164509B CN 109164509 B CN109164509 B CN 109164509B CN 201810737821 A CN201810737821 A CN 201810737821A CN 109164509 B CN109164509 B CN 109164509B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rainwater
- water
- rainfall
- monitor
- parameters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 321
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013486 operation strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/02—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
- G01S13/953—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use mounted on aircraft
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The system comprises a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, a distributed small weather station, a facade rain condition monitor, a mobile rainfall radar, an infrared video monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, an air quality monitor, a radar rain monitor, a infiltration area saturation monitor, an accumulation area water level monitor, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a buoy waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with speed measurement, an optical fiber temperature sensing system, an optical fiber pressure sensing system, a communication module, an intelligent controller, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a submerged conveying pump, a pressurizing infiltration device and the like. According to the invention, scientific early warning and alarming are carried out on the rain and flood disaster according to various parameters, and countermeasures are adopted, so that the disaster risk of the rain and flood disaster in a building area or a building is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and an operation method.
Background
Sponge city monitoring facilities: the existing sponge city monitoring facilities realize informatization management, automatic monitoring, real-time scheduling, scientific decision making, networked office and standardization service of the sponge city construction system based on the Internet of things, automatic and remote monitoring technology, communication and computer network technology, space geographic information technology, internet of things technology and cloud computing technology, and provide intelligent management means for the management, protection, development and utilization of urban water safety, water environment, water resources and water ecology. However, at present, direct association and feedback are lacking between the GIS-based runoff simulation and actual monitoring measures for sponge facilities, the simulation and the monitoring are often carried out at the design stage of projects, once the simulation is completed, the monitoring and the control are carried out according to the simulation result in the monitoring and the control process, the real-time monitoring result is not fed back to the simulation model any more, so that parameters cannot be updated in real time in the system for the GIS-based runoff simulation, the simulation result is more similar to the actual operation condition, and the actual operation condition and the simulation result have larger difference. If the parameters of the monitoring system can be obtained in real time through the runoff simulation based on the GIS, the simulation precision can be greatly improved, further, the corresponding control strategy is formulated and the scientific operation mode is set based on the simulation result and the monitoring parameters, and the sponge facility is controlled based on the set operation mode, so that the operation efficiency of the sponge facility can be remarkably improved.
The prior sponge city monitoring measures mainly monitor the following contents: 1) Rainfall monitoring, namely monitoring rainfall conditions of different areas, providing accurate rainfall data, and supporting sponge city facility efficiency analysis and assessment. 2) The monitoring of the cavernous body is carried out, and the water level and the water quality of important cavernous bodies such as artificial lakes, landscape rivers, reservoirs and the like are monitored, so that the rainwater accumulation condition is mastered, and the recycling mode is determined. 3) Monitoring drainage facilities, namely arranging water level monitoring points in a road historical ponding area, monitoring ponding conditions, and timely coping with urban waterlogging; monitoring the drainage quantity at the project outlet, and grasping the runoff control effect of the project built-up area; liquid level and flow are monitored at key nodes of the drainage pipe network and used as process monitoring data, and basis is provided for operation assessment and risk early warning. 4) Air temperature and underground water monitoring, arranging temperature and underground water monitoring points, carrying out on-line monitoring, knowing the air temperature change trend, and quantitatively checking the heat island effect; knowing the water level and water quality change of underground water, and evaluating the protection result of the sponge urban water resource. 5) And (3) monitoring river water system, namely monitoring water quantity and water quality indexes of key sections of the river on line, and taking the water quantity and water quality indexes as the basis of water environment and water safety quality assessment. However, the conventional monitoring measures cannot fully reflect the working condition of the sponge facility in real time, and new monitoring sensors, cameras and the like are required to be introduced to collect and monitor more data. For example, an intelligent soil moisture content monitoring system based on the Internet of things. The system can accurately measure the moisture content, the water potential and the field water holding capacity of different sections of various different soils, and can accurately measure the saturated moisture content of the soil and the withering moisture content of crops. Can be used for continuously monitoring soil moisture content, continuously monitoring buried depth of underground water and monitoring drought and waterlogging disasters. The system can be used as a saturation monitor of the infiltration area to measure the saturation of soil.
The rain condition is monitored in real time by various means. The rain condition of urban weather forecast is often in great error with local rain condition, and meteorological and rain condition parameter calibration measurement is needed by utilizing a local small meteorological station. The conventional tipping bucket type or siphon type rain gauge and weighing type rain gauge of the distributed small weather stations are required to collect falling rain water through the cylindrical water bearing device, and the rain water can not naturally fall due to larger horizontal displacement under the influence of wind force when in strong wind, so that the rain gauge errors of the distributed small weather stations are larger. Therefore, new methods are required to be introduced for the rainfall test in the local area where the sponge facility is located. In addition, because wind influences rainfall, the rainfall often generates lateral movement and falls on the elevation of a building, and the rainwater falling on the elevation of the part also finally forms surface runoff, especially the elevation expansion area of high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings is far larger than the projection area of the elevation expansion area, so that the rainwater on the elevation of the building needs to be monitored, and the existing monitoring equipment with an upward vertical opening is difficult to meet the requirement.
When heavy rain or heavy rain, due to overflow of rainwater drainage facilities, urban roads and even main road rainwater can be seen, flow and flow rate sensors preset in the rainwater pipes and the rainwater ditches can only measure the flow in the rainwater pipes and the rainwater ditches, actual surface runoff cannot be monitored, and important data (surface runoff) are lacking in regulation and control of corresponding sponge facilities and disaster prevention measures. However, it is obviously difficult to install a flow sensor on a road which occasionally becomes a flood discharge channel, which is not economical enough, and the routine maintenance is very troublesome, and the efficiency and safety of temporarily dispatching monitoring personnel to use the mobile monitoring facilities are not ideal, so a new method for efficiently and safely measuring the temporary flood discharge channel on the ground is needed.
The sponge city facilities are tightly combined with the water environment, so that the effects of seepage, storage, stagnation, purification, use and discharge are exerted, and the advantages of an advanced and perfect simulation system, a sensor system and control measures are exerted when flood disasters occur, and the disaster prevention and reduction effects are exerted. However, the existing sponge facilities lack functions in this aspect because related execution mechanisms are not configured, so that disaster prevention and reduction components and operation strategies of the sponge facilities also need to be perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and an operation method.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring comprises a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, a distributed small weather station, a facade rain condition monitor, a mobile rainfall radar, an infrared video monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, an air quality monitor, a radar rain monitor, a infiltration area saturation monitor, an accumulation area water level monitor, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measuring buoy, an optical fiber temperature sensing system, an optical fiber pressure sensing system, a communication module, an intelligent controller, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a submerged pump, a pressurizing infiltration device, a filtering emergency lifting pump truck, a rain Hong Shengguang alarm, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an electric valve, an automatic air charging rubber dam, a cloud server, a cloud monitoring platform and a variable frequency bidirectional pressurization pump, the runoff simulation and control host based on GIS is respectively connected with a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, a distributed small weather station, a facade rain condition monitor, a mobile rainfall radar, an infrared video monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, an air quality monitor, a radar rainfall monitor, a hypotonic zone saturation monitor, an accumulation zone water level monitor, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measuring buoy, an optical fiber temperature sensing system, an optical fiber pressure sensing system, a cloud server and a cloud monitoring platform, wherein the cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform are connected with a communication module, the communication module is connected with the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller is respectively connected with a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a submersible conveying pump, a variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump, a pressurization infiltration device, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, a disaster prevention execution device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an electric valve and an automatic inflation rubber dam.
Further, the distributed small weather station can measure temperature and humidity, rainfall, solar radiation intensity and wind speed parameters. Because the heavy wind has a great influence on the rainfall direction, the rainfall is difficult to fall into the conventional rain gauges such as the tipping bucket rain gauge with the opening upwards when the heavy wind is, so when the wind speed is higher (the wind speed is more than 8.0 meters/second) measured by the weather station, the rainfall data measured by the distributed small weather station is abandoned by the runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS, and the rainfall data measured by the elevation rain condition monitor and the radar rain quantity monitor are used.
Furthermore, the weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server can automatically collect weather forecast (including rainfall forecast, temperature and humidity, wind speed, solar radiation forecast and the like) and air quality forecast released by a weather station in real time, and can be connected with a runoff monitoring satellite (remote sensing satellite with surface runoff monitoring function and a weather satellite) in real time to acquire images and data of surface runoff, and transmit the weather and runoff data to a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS.
Further, the elevation rain condition monitor is characterized in that a small-sized rain gutter is arranged on the elevation of the building to intercept rainwater on the elevation to a rainfall measuring container, and the rainfall intensity on the elevation can be calculated according to the intercepted area of the rain gutter and the rainwater quantity in the rainfall container.
Further, the mobile rainfall radar may employ a rainfall radar vehicle. And flexibly setting the working position of the rainfall radar vehicle according to the requirement of rain condition monitoring. For example, in summer, thermal thunderstorms are convection movements caused by rising of air expansion near the ground due to severe sun irradiation, and most of the thermal thunderstorms are formed afternoon, disappear in the evening, have short duration, and show scattered block echoes (thunderstorm monomers) on Doppler radars, and the service life is generally not more than 40 minutes. The method has the advantages that the thermal thunderstorm short-time formation and prediction difficulty is high, the thermal thunderstorm is not known in advance from weather prediction, when the thermal thunderstorm possibly occurs in the area where the method is located through the weather prediction and runoff satellite monitoring server and the distributed small weather station according to the prior art, a rainfall radar vehicle can be driven to the vicinity of a rainfall cloud, the mobile rainfall radar is used for detecting the thunderstorm rain in a targeted manner, the thermal thunderstorm intensity is predicted in short time through a vehicle-mounted computer, and the short-time rainfall prediction parameter is provided for a system. In summer, the system preferably adopts short-time rainfall forecast parameters provided by the mobile rainfall radar compared with parameters obtained by the weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server.
Further, the infrared video monitor can monitor surface water volume video and surface temperature change caused by evaporation on surface runoff, surface water of a water storage area, a hypotonic area and a water impermeable area. According to the local meteorological parameters and the temperature change of each surface, the rainwater evaporation quantity of each surface can be further calculated. The surface condition can be visually observed by using the infrared video monitor due to the difference of the surface temperature of the ponding, the surface temperature of the ponding which is fully permeated, the surface temperature of the hardening surface which is greatly evaporated and the runoff temperature. For example, in hot summer, hot thunder rain occurs under the condition of high sun exposure, before rainfall, the hardened ground (such as a cement pavement) is heated by solar radiation to high temperature (the temperature under insolation of the reported hardened ground is 50 ℃), when the rainfall occurs, partial rainfall falling on the ground surface is instantaneously evaporated to form no surface runoff, compared with other working conditions in seasons with weaker solar radiation, the surface runoff of the hardened ground is greatly reduced under the same rainfall, the condition that the hardened surface temperature is high can be monitored in advance by using an infrared video monitor, and the surface runoff simulation and control host based on GIS are input together with the data of an evaporation measuring instrument so as to accurately predict the surface runoff.
The evaporation quantity is closely related to the surface temperature, the humidity, the wind speed and the like of the air, and therefore the invention is also provided with an evaporation measuring instrument. The evaporation measuring instrument data and the infrared video monitor data are simultaneously input into a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS.
The evaporation measuring instrument can adopt the measuring instrument in the prior art, but is provided with a plurality of types, namely, the evaporation measuring instrument is placed at different positions to respectively measure the surface evaporation amount, the underground ground evaporation amount, the wetland evaporation amount and the ventilation evaporation amount of the impoundment.
Further, the rainwater pipe network flow monitor can monitor the rainwater input and output functions of the surrounding plots to the monitored plots. For example, when the upstream rainwater pipe network is full, the upstream rainwater overflows when flowing through the local area, and the difference value between the upstream rainwater and the downstream rainwater is the influence condition of the local rainwater by the pipe network. (downstream flow-upstream flow) =local block stormwater ingress pipe network flow. When the value of (downstream flow-upstream flow) is negative, it indicates that the pipe network has overflow in the local block, and the electric valve leading to the pipe network at the overflow is required to be closed.
Furthermore, the water quality on-line monitor can measure SS, COD, BOD, dissolved Oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN, pH value and the like of rainwater, and the generated data can comprehensively evaluate the quality of the rainwater. Because of the various heavy metal pollutants such as Zn, cu, pb and the like, on-line monitoring is inconvenient. The heavy metal sources in the urban rainwater are mainly heavy metals carried by PM2.5 and PM10 pollutant particles (rainwater condensation cores) in the urban air, and the heavy metal content in the rainwater can be inferred by monitoring the air quality, so the invention is provided with an air quality monitor.
Further, the air quality monitor can measure PM2.5, PM10 and the like in the air before and after rainfall, and the PM2.5, PM10 and the like can become particulate pollutant content of rainwater condensation cores, and then the particulate pollutant content and heavy metal content carried in the rainwater are transmitted to a runoff simulation and control host computer based on GIS to calculate. Because heavy metals in rainwater are difficult to treat through common rainwater filtering treatment measures with proper cost, the method provided by the invention can discard initial rainwater when the air quality is poor (AQI > 100). When the air quality reaches the standard, but the water quality on-line monitor monitors that other parameters of the rainwater system exceed the standard, the exceeding rainwater is discarded.
Furthermore, the radar rainfall monitor adopts the instrument in the prior art, can measure rainfall intensity of solid rainfall such as rain and snow, snowfall, hail and the like under special weather, and solves the problem that the common liquid level rainfall monitor monitors solid rainfall monitoring delay. The snow accumulation amount of the tree and the roof can be estimated, and further, the runoff generated after snow melting is predicted.
Further, the saturation monitor of the infiltration area is equipment in the prior art, and the system can accurately measure the moisture content, the water pressure and the field water holding capacity of different sections of various different soils, and can accurately measure the saturated moisture content of the soils and the withering moisture content of crops. The system probe is arranged in the lower seepage area formed by various permeable materials, pebbles, broken stones, fine sand and improved soil of the sponge facility, the moisture content and the moisture saturation of each lower seepage layer can be monitored in real time and compared with the saturated moisture content of each lower seepage layer, and the residual water absorption capacity of each lower seepage area in rainfall is mastered.
The hypotonic zone saturation monitor employs a tube-in-tube (FDR) soil moisture sensor. Soil moisture sensors employing the principle of Frequency Domain Reflection (FDR) embedded in formations to be monitored are commonly employed. When the stratum is deeper, the sensor installation working shaft is drilled to the relevant depth by adopting a drilling method, a pipe type inserted (FDR) soil moisture sensor is inserted into soil at the bottom of the well, and after a data wire is installed in the well, the sensor is installed in the working shaft and homogeneous filling backfill is carried out.
The sensor installation working well can be provided with one or more sensor installation working wells, stratum disturbance is reduced as much as possible, and the aperture is determined based on the soil moisture sensor installation requirement meeting the tubular (plug-in) frequency domain reflection principle (FDR). The soil moisture sensor can be pressed into a stratum at the bottom of the well by using a drill rod, and after the soil moisture sensor is installed, the sensor installation working well is backfilled in a layered and homogeneous manner (backfilled by using a material which is consistent with the rock-soil body of the original stratum as much as possible).
Further, the reservoir water level monitor can monitor the water levels of the surface retention zone, the open channel, the drainage channel, the recessed greenbelt and various rainwater reservoirs on line. When the groundwater level at a certain place is found to be lower, the pressurizing and infiltration device (the pressurizing and infiltration device can be movable, the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box and the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump can be vehicle-mounted, and the perfusion flower pipe can be movably inserted into a relevant stratum capable of storing water) can be used for pressurizing and recharging the rainwater with the water quality meeting the standard at the certain place.
Further, the shallow groundwater level monitor can monitor the shallow groundwater levels at a plurality of different positions on line. The potential for rain to penetrate into the ground was evaluated based on the elevation and depression of shallow groundwater levels. In the water-deficient area with the shallow groundwater level lower than 20 meters, the water storage capacity (space) of the shallow surface is sufficient, and a groundwater level monitor can be omitted.
Further, the surface runoff monitor can be used for monitoring the flow of the marked section of the surface runoff by using a Doppler flow monitor (or a flow velocity section method monitor).
Further, be equipped with the camera on the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle of buoy that tests the speed in area, buoy input stores pylon, the buoy that tests the speed in the air drops through buoy input stores pylon with take the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle of buoy that tests the speed to be connected. The waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with the speed measuring buoy can be carried by a camera, the air drop speed measuring buoy and other equipment to fly to the upper air of a region to be measured, the situation of surface runoff and the water level of an accumulation or detention area are shot by the camera, and the buoy throwing hanging frame is opened to release the air drop speed measuring buoy at a specific position to measure the flow velocity of runoff. The air drop speed measurement buoy uses the positioning, speed measurement and data transmission technology similar to that of a conventional smart phone, a GPS or Beidou positioning module, a communication module, a storage battery and other microprocessors are arranged in the air drop speed measurement buoy to manufacture and waterproof package, the air drop speed measurement buoy can float on the water surface to flow together with water flow when falling on the water surface, and the flow speed is transmitted to a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, so that the flow speed of rainwater in surface runoff or an open pipe can be reflected. The plane size of the mobile phone is similar to that of a 4-inch screen, the mobile phone can be ensured to be detained by a rainwater grate, a filter screen and a sand filter layer, and the mobile phone is convenient to manually recycle at a detaining position after being positioned. The online Doppler flow monitor has high cost, high maintenance requirement and certain requirement on the sectional area and the runoff depth of a use place, so the online Doppler flow monitor has low cost, is convenient to use, can be used at any position, calculates the runoff speed and the runoff quantity of each position by matching with a preset liquid level mark on the ground and the known geometric dimension of a runner, and can be put in a target point, and the runoff depth only needs to meet the requirement that the buoy can float.
The air drop speed measuring buoy adopts a three-layer waterproof inflatable shell. The three-layer waterproof inflatable shell has the functions of vibration reduction and water prevention. The three-layer waterproof inflation shell of the air drop speed measurement buoy is internally provided with a GPS module, a 4G control and communication module, an internal plastic frame, a rechargeable lithium battery and a miniature vibration type power generation battery, wherein the internal plastic frame is firmly connected with the three-layer waterproof inflation shell; the GPS module, the 4G control and communication module, the rechargeable lithium battery and the miniature vibration type power generation battery are firmly connected with the internal plastic frame; the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module are connected through a data line; the miniature vibration type power generation battery is connected with the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module through a power line; the rechargeable lithium battery is connected with the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module through a power line.
When the surface runoff is large, the air drop speed measuring buoy floating on the water surface can continuously vibrate along with the water surface, and can continuously vibrate along with water flow after being blocked by the rainwater grate, and part of energy of the water flow is converted into vibration energy of the air drop speed measuring buoy. The air-drop speed measuring buoy is provided with a miniature vibration type power generation battery, can generate power along with vibration and use the generated power for charging the lithium battery, so that continuous power supply of the air-drop speed measuring buoy when the runoff is large is ensured. The continuous power supply can ensure that the sensor, the positioning module and the communication module on the air drop speed measuring buoy work for a long time, and ensure the positioning during data acquisition and later recovery.
Further, the optical fiber temperature sensing system and the optical fiber pressure sensing system can exert the advantages of flexible implantation, high sensitivity, high precision, wide application range and multiple control points of optical fiber sensing. The method is characterized in that an optical fiber temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in a permeable paving area (such as a green roof and a paving ground) which is a permeable and transmission type sponge facility, the permeable paving performance is evaluated, a rain water infiltration real-time monitoring system is arranged in a storage type sponge facility (such as a natural ecological slope and a natural biological detention pool), underground water pressure is monitored in a pumping and filling flower pipe and a filling flower pipe in a stratum, and the water pressure is monitored in a metal pressure-bearing airtight rain water transfer box. Because there is the fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, the fluctuation of liquid level is great (especially relief valve pressure release front and back) after the air in the airtight rainwater transfer box of metal pressure-bearing is compressed by the rainwater, adopt traditional communicating pipe level gauge, pressure level gauge, humidity response level gauge all be difficult to stable measurement incasement liquid level, in order to accurately monitor rainwater transfer incasement liquid level, according to the rainwater that collects and rainwater transfer incasement temperature difference, rainwater and air and the principle that optic fibre temperature sensor heat transfer is different, still be equipped with optic fibre temperature sensing system in the rainwater transfer incasement, the system is equipped with a plurality of optic fibre temperature sensing stations, the temperature through monitoring station carries out the review to the liquid level in the rainwater transfer incasement, ensure that the liquid level monitoring is accurate. When the monitoring results of the optical fiber temperature sensing system and the optical fiber pressure sensing system on the liquid level are close (error is less than 5%), the average value of the monitoring values of the two systems is taken as a liquid level parameter to be input into the intelligent controller, when the monitoring results of the optical fiber temperature sensing system and the optical fiber pressure sensing system on the liquid level are large (error is more than 5%), the liquid level is calculated by adopting a weighting method, the weight of the liquid level measured by the optical fiber temperature sensing system is 70%, and the liquid level measured by the optical fiber pressure sensing system is 30%, so that the error caused by pressure fluctuation in a rainwater transfer box can be effectively eliminated.
Further, the runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS can run SWMM and other software according to GIS information to perform rainwater runoff simulation, collect data of equipment or sensors such as a weather forecast station, a distributed small weather station, a movable underlying weather radar, a radar rainfall monitor and the like to perform local small-range rainfall accurate prediction and rainfall monitoring, monitor and collect parameters of various sensors such as a saturation monitor of a seepage area, a water level monitor of an accumulation area (pool), an underground water level monitor, an infrared video monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, a surface runoff monitor, a water quality on-line monitor and the like, and send control instructions to the intelligent controller after relay through a cloud server and a monitoring platform according to simulation results, rainfall prediction results, monitored parameters and a preset control strategy.
Furthermore, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump can be used for recharging the collected or purified rainwater meeting the water quality requirement into the groundwater layer under pressure, so as to achieve the effect of pressurizing and infiltration, and can also be used for pumping groundwater from the groundwater layer by means of the natural pressure of the groundwater layer.
Further, the pressurization infiltration device comprises a metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, a pumping and filling flower pipe and a filling flower pipe, wherein the shallow underground water level detector, the optical fiber pressure sensing system and the optical fiber temperature sensing system are arranged on the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, an electric valve is arranged on the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box is connected with the pumping and filling flower pipe and the filling flower pipe through the electric valve and is connected with a pressure relief safety valve, and the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box is connected with a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump through the electric valve and a filter. The flower pipe opening part of the flower pipe for pumping and filling is arranged in the underground water layer, so that pumping and filling of underground water can be performed. The pouring pipe is arranged in a stratum I, a stratum II and a stratum III underground, and can recharge rainwater underground in a layered manner. The stratum beside the perfusion tube is internally provided with a plurality of sensor installation working wells, and the saturation monitors of the infiltration areas are arranged in the wells, so that the saturation of the soil in different soil layers can be monitored respectively.
The pressurizing and infiltration device has two working conditions of pressurizing and infiltration and water for suction. 1) And (3) under the condition of pressure infiltration: the filtered and purified rainwater enters a variable frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, is pressurized by the variable frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump and then enters a metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, and is pressurized and irrigated into the ground through a plurality of pumping and irrigating flower pipes and irrigation flower pipes. The optical fiber pressure sensor is arranged in the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box and can measure the water pressure in the rainwater transfer box; the liquid level sensor based on the optical fiber pressure sensor is further arranged in the pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, the liquid level in the rainwater transfer box can be measured, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump is started to supply water when the liquid level is reduced, and when the liquid level reaches the upper limit of a set value, the electric valve at the inlet of the rainwater transfer box is closed, so that backflow of rainwater after stopping the pump is prevented. The metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box is also connected with a high-level rainwater tank or a rainwater pipe through a pipeline, and can send rainwater into the rainwater transfer box by utilizing the natural pressure of high-level rainwater and pressurized and poured into the ground. 2) Pumping water condition: under the state of stopping the pump, the optical fiber pressure sensor monitors that the water level of the underground water layer is higher, and when the pressure is higher than the height of the water layer and the water tank and the state of pressurized underground water is presented, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump can be reversely (compared with the pressurized infiltration working condition) started to pump water from the water tank, and rainwater is conveyed to a rainwater utilization facility for utilization. In addition, when the underground water layer is saturated, and rainwater flowing into the rainwater tank from a high-speed water cannot be pressurized to permeate into the ground, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump can pump rainwater from the water tank to a water point or other accumulating facilities for accumulation. Whether the pressurized groundwater is pumped and utilized or the rainwater flowing into the pressurized airtight rainwater transfer box is pressurized and then conveyed, the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump can perform variable-frequency regulation on the water pump according to the pressure in the rainwater transfer box, the pressurized groundwater is conveyed after pressure superposition is formed, the pressure in the water tank is fully utilized, and the pressure head and consumed power of the water pump are reduced.
Because the rainwater poured into the underground water layer is mixed with the underground water, and the underground water possibly contains impurities such as sand, a filter is arranged at an inlet when the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump reversely operates to suck water from the underground in order to protect the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump.
The irrigation flower pipes matched with the pressurizing infiltration device are arranged in a plurality of groups according to stratum conditions, the opening depths of each group are different, and the stratum which is relatively close to the ground surface and has the rainwater infiltration capability is respectively provided with the irrigation flower pipes with different opening depths. The intelligent controller can select the stratum for pressurizing and infiltration according to the parameters of the pressure sensor in each perfusion tube and the parameters of the saturation monitor of the infiltration area in each stratum, open the electric valve on the corresponding perfusion tube and close the electric valves on other tubes. In particular, because of good water permeability of pebble addresses, on pebble layer stratum formed by common ancient river beds, such as low or no groundwater level of the pebble layer stratum, an open perfusion flower pipe should be arranged at the depth of the pebble layer stratum preferentially, and rainwater is pressurized and infiltrated into the pebble layer stratum preferentially.
Parameters of all sensors of the invention can be sent to a runoff simulation and control host and an intelligent controller based on GIS. All the executors can execute the instruction action of the intelligent controller.
Further, the disaster prevention executing device comprises, but is not limited to, an underground garage lifting type water baffle, an underground garage and a basement pressurized drainage system, an electric house of a basement, an electric equipment power-off device, an electric valve interlocked with a water immersion sensor, a submerged conveying pump in a water pit and the like.
Further, the water supply points of the rainwater utilization facility comprise, but are not limited to, water tank water supply points for rainwater flushing, toilet high-low water tank water supply points, cold and heat storage water tank water supply points, fire water tank water supply points, concrete stirring and other industrial and aquaculture water storage water supply points and the like.
Furthermore, the emergency lifting pump truck with the filtering function has certain wading passing capability, can drive to a ponding region for carrying out local rainwater lifting and conveying when ponding is serious in the local region, and can be connected with all conveying, water storage or water utilization facilities of the invention such as a rainwater utilization facility water supply point and the like through temporary pipelines.
Furthermore, the rain Hong Shengguang alarm adopts audible and visual alarm, a corresponding water level sensor or an on-off sensor is arranged in dangerous areas such as easily ponding areas and rainwater system well covers, and when the ponding depth reaches a certain limit value or the well covers are washed away (the on-off sensor sends out an off-signal), audible and visual alarm is sent out near dangerous points to remind personnel to pay attention to avoid detouring.
Further, the rapid air floatation filter can rapidly filter pollutant particles.
Furthermore, the PAC dosing device can automatically carry out full-automatic dosing treatment on rainwater according to the water quality condition, so that the rainwater quality is improved. All water treatment facilities such as the rapid air flotation filter, the PAC dosing device and the like and the electric valves arranged on the water treatment facilities can work under the control of the intelligent controller as well as other actuators.
Further, the electric valve can be opened or closed according to the operation requirement of the system under the control of the intelligent controller. For example, when the quality of the rainwater reaches the standard through natural infiltration of soil, the electric valve of the rainwater leading to the rapid air floatation filter tank can be closed, and the electric valve of the bypass pipe is opened. The electric valves are arranged on pipelines connected among the rainwater regulation facilities, the purification facilities, the rainwater utilization facility water supply points, the submersible conveying pump, the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump and the pipelines.
Furthermore, the automatic inflatable rubber dam can automatically inflate and retain water under the control of the intelligent controller when the water level of a river pipe canal or a reservoir exceeds the standard or a basement such as an underground garage is required to be filled with water, so that the functions of retaining water and avoiding flood are achieved. For example, an automatic inflation rubber dam is arranged at an underground garage entrance, and is contracted and stored to the bottom space of a slope entrance rain grate with a hinge (without obstructing the drainage of rain water), when the quantity of rain water is too large, the slope entrance rain grate can not intercept the rain water, and when water enters the garage, the automatic inflation rubber automatically inflates and jacks up the rain grate, a water retaining dam is formed at the slope entrance of the garage, and people and property losses caused by vehicles and equipment in the garage submerged by the rain water entering the garage through the slope are avoided.
The high-order rainwater hydroelectric generation module is used as a part of the invention, and the operation efficiency can be obviously improved when the high-order rainwater hydroelectric generation module is operated under the control of the invention. For example, when the high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module collects high-temperature wastewater simultaneously to generate power, after rainfall is predicted according to the invention, the rainwater collection amount per unit time is found to exceed the water required for storage and power generation in the same period (the photovoltaic power generation amount in the rainy day is negligible). At this time, before the time of high rainfall intensity comes, the rain waste water tank is emptied through water drainage power generation as much as possible, and the electric quantity of the storage battery is preferentially used for supplying power to the load. When heavy rain comes, the system can collect rainwater to the maximum extent and drain water to generate power, so that the phenomenon of 'water discarding' during heavy rain is avoided.
Further, the intelligent controller can intelligently control all various actuators such as a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module, a submersible conveying pump, a variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump, a pressurization infiltration device, an electric valve, a PAC dosing device, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm and the like according to control instructions and a preset control strategy. The intelligent controller can monitor and feed back the working state of each actuator to the cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform.
Further, the cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform receive control instructions and collected sensor data sent by the runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS, store the sensor data, send the control instructions to the intelligent controller, and monitor and display the states of the actuators through signals fed back by the intelligent controller. The cloud server and the monitoring platform can be connected with a plurality of runoff simulation and control hosts based on GIS and a plurality of intelligent controllers.
The invention can utilize weather forecast stations, distributed small weather stations, movable undersea weather radar and radar rainfall monitors to accurately predict local rainfall and monitor rainfall in a small range, can utilize saturation monitors of a seepage area, water level monitors of an accumulation area (pool) and shallow groundwater level monitors to monitor the condition of sponge body saturation, utilizes infrared video monitors, evaporation measuring instruments and surface runoff monitors to monitor the surface runoff and evaporation condition, and utilizes water quality on-line monitors to monitor the quality of rainwater at each position. The runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS can simulate the surface runoff and the water quality of the local area served by the intelligent controller according to the modified weather forecast and other monitoring parameters, and can further preset the operation modes of each actuator of the sponge facility in the intelligent controller according to the simulation result. The intelligent controller intelligently controls the water supply points of the rainwater utilization facilities, the high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, the submersible conveying pump, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump, the pressurizing infiltration device, the electric window closing device, the electric valve, the PAC dosing device, the rapid air floatation filter, the rainfall flood alarm and the like according to a preset operation mode, so that the functions of optimizing the infiltration, storage, stagnation, cleaning, use and drainage of the sponge facilities are achieved, the utilization rate and the operation effect of the sponge facilities are improved, and the integral benefit of the sponge facilities is remarkably improved. The system can also carry out scientific early warning and alarming on the rain and flood disaster according to various parameters and adopts corresponding measures to reduce the disaster risk of the rain and flood disaster in the building area or the building.
An operation method of an intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring comprises the following steps:
the working conditions of the system are divided into a rainy condition forecasting working condition, a monitoring working condition, a rainy working condition and a disaster prevention working condition;
1) Rainy condition forecasting and monitoring working conditions: in the working condition, the system acquires the rain condition parameters provided by weather forecast of a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, and acquires local weather parameters of a place through a distributed small weather station; when hot thunderstorm occurs in summer (small weather and wet air), namely under the working condition of hot thunderstorm in summer, the system can also use the mobile rainfall radar to acquire short-time rainfall forecast parameters. According to weather forecast rain parameters, local weather parameters of a place and short-time rainfall forecast parameters of a summer mobile rainfall radar, a weighted average is taken to generate corrected rain forecast parameters (weights of the three parameters can be determined according to the actual engineering situation and the prior art), and then whether rainfall occurs in the local area of the system is judged;
when it is judged that rainfall does not occur at the place where the system is located, the system collects and records water conditions and meteorological parameters of various sensors such as a water level monitor of an accumulation area, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a water quality online monitor, a saturation monitor of a seepage area, an evaporation measuring instrument, an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber pressure sensor and the like, and based on the parameters, an intelligent controller is utilized to control the actions of rainwater utilization facilities or executors such as a pressurizing and seepage device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC (programmable logic controller) dosing device and the like;
When the rainfall occurs at the place where the system is located, the system enters into the working condition before the rainfall to operate;
2) Working condition before rain: in the working condition, the system acquires weather forecast data such as air quality forecast data, rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed and the like, infrared video monitoring data, satellite remote sensing river runoff monitoring data and shallow groundwater level monitoring data, acquires monitoring data of other sensors such as a surface runoff monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, a infiltration area saturation monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber pressure sensor and the like, inputs the monitoring data into a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, and simulates to acquire simulation results of the next-day surface runoff, accumulated water quantity and water quality; after the simulation result is obtained, the operation modes of all rainwater regulation facilities and executors such as a pressurizing and infiltration device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, a disaster prevention execution device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, an automatic inflatable rubber dam, an electric valve and the like are preset before rainfall according to the simulation result;
3) Rainfall conditions: under the working condition, the rainfall happens, the system acquires real-time rainfall parameters provided by a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, acquires local real-time weather parameters (including rainfall intensity, rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed and the like of a rain gauge in a weather station) of the place through a distributed small weather station, acquires real-time rainfall intensity through a mobile rainfall radar, and takes a weighted average of the three types of rainfall data to obtain corrected real-time rainfall parameters (the weights of the three types of parameters can be determined according to the prior art according to the actual engineering situation); comparing the corrected real-time rain condition parameters with the corrected rain condition forecast parameters generated in the rain condition forecast and monitoring working conditions every 20 minutes;
when the parameter error is not more than 15%, each rainwater regulation facility and actuator (comprising a common rainwater accumulation area (pool), a pressurizing and infiltration device, a variable frequency bidirectional booster pump, a submerged conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, a filtering emergency lifting pump truck, a disaster prevention executing device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, an automatic inflation rubber dam, an electric valve and the like) work according to a preset running mode;
When the parameter error is greater than 15%, the corrected real-time rain condition parameters are re-input into a runoff simulation and control host based on a GIS for simulation, an operation mode is re-formulated according to a re-simulation result, and then each rainwater regulation facility and each actuator work according to the re-formulated operation mode;
in the running process, continuously collecting parameters of a distributed small weather station and each sensor, comparing the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor with an alarm red line (the alarm red line is set according to the actual condition of a system place) in real time, and entering a disaster prevention working condition when the parameters reach the alarm red line; when the parameters do not reach the alarm red line, judging whether rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition forecasting and monitoring working condition if the rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition starting end if the rainfall is not stopped, acquiring three rainfall parameters, generating corrected real-time rainfall parameters, and comparing the corrected real-time rainfall parameters with the corrected rainfall forecasting parameters every 20 minutes;
when the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor reach the alarm red line, the system enters a disaster prevention working condition;
4) Disaster prevention working conditions: under the working condition, the system starts various related emergency monitoring equipment, regulation facilities and actuators (comprising a submerged conveying pump, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a pressurizing and infiltration device, a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measuring buoy, an automatic air-floating rubber dam, a rapid air floatation filter pool, a disaster prevention executing device and the like) according to the disaster prevention working condition;
After the disaster prevention working condition is started for 20 minutes, comparing parameters of a weather station and each sensor with an alarm red line, returning the system to the beginning end of the rainfall working condition to operate when each parameter is reduced below the alarm red line, and further sending out an emergency lifting pump truck with filtering to a water accumulation point to perform emergency lifting and starting a rain Hong Shengguang alarm when each parameter still reaches or exceeds the alarm red line; and when each parameter is lower than the alarm red line, the system also returns to the beginning operation of the rainfall condition.
Compared with the existing system, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS is arranged, the rain condition can be revised and forecast, and the operation of the facility is regulated and controlled according to the revised and forecast rain condition. The existing sponge city facilities generally perform sponge facility regulation and control operation only according to weather forecast, but parameters such as surface runoff, groundwater level, soil permeability, evaporation capacity, water quality and the like cannot be predicted, so that the problems of low regulation and control efficiency or failure in regulation and control exist.
At present, direct association and feedback are lacking between the runoff simulation based on GIS and actual monitoring measures for sponge facilities, the simulation and the monitoring are often disjointed, the simulation is generally carried out in the design stage of projects, once the simulation is completed, the monitoring and the control are carried out according to the simulation result in the monitoring and the control process, the real-time monitoring result is not fed back to the simulation model (the monitoring result is sometimes used for real-time control or later research, but the real-time simulation cannot be carried out after the real-time parameter feedback of a control host computer, and the simulation result cannot be used for sponge facility control in real time), so that the parameters cannot be updated in real time in the system, the simulation result is more similar to the actual operation condition, and the actual operation condition is greatly different from the simulation result. If the parameters of the monitoring system can be obtained in real time and simulated in real time by the runoff simulation based on the GIS, the simulation precision can be greatly improved, and further, the operation efficiency of the sponge facility can be remarkably improved by controlling the sponge facility based on the simulation result and the monitoring parameters after the precision is improved.
For example, when the groundwater level is high and the subsurface infiltration area is saturated, and medium rain will occur according to weather forecast, although the rainfall is not very large, the subsurface infiltration amount of the subsurface permeable pavement area and the vegetation area is greatly reduced compared with the unsaturated working condition of the subsurface infiltration area, which leads to the fact that the surface runoff amount is significantly higher than the normal working condition under the same rainfall. In this case, if the operation mode of the rainwater regulation facility is preset only according to the runoff amount calculated according to the weather forecast data (for example, in a water-deficient area, the situation that the surface runoff amount of the infiltration area is not large is considered to be happened without actively using the rainwater in the rainwater accumulation area (pool) in advance for garage flushing and reserving the effective accumulation volume of the rainwater accumulation area (pool), the rainwater collection rate is reduced, and a large amount of rainwater which can be collected is drained through a rainwater pipe network. And the runoff simulation and control host based on the GIS is used for simulation according to parameters such as surface runoff, underground water level, soil permeability and water quality, the influence of the underground water level and the soil permeability on the surface runoff can be fully considered, the operation modes of the actuators of the sponge facility are preset in the intelligent controller according to the simulation result, and the sponge facility allocation is reasonably carried out.
2. The rain condition is monitored in real time by various means. The invention can accurately monitor rain conditions by using various means of a distributed small weather station and a mobile rainfall radar, and is also provided with novel sensors such as a facade rain condition monitor, a radar rainfall monitor and the like. Because the position of the urban weather station is different from the position of the system, the rainfall monitoring is often in large deviation, so that the distributed small weather station is required to monitor the rainfall of the system. However, the skip bucket type, siphon type rain gauge and weighing type rain gauge commonly used in the distributed small weather stations all need to collect falling rainwater through a cylindrical water receiver, and the rainwater can not naturally fall due to larger horizontal displacement under the influence of wind power in strong wind, so that the rain gauge errors of the distributed small weather stations are larger. Therefore, the invention is also provided with the elevation rain condition monitor capable of measuring the rain quantity in the vertical plane and the radar rain quantity monitor for monitoring the rain quantity in the air, and according to the parameters of the two monitors, the invention can still monitor the rain quantity accurately under the working conditions of strong wind and strong wind.
3. Besides the conventional monitoring measures, the invention is also provided with an infrared video monitor, an optical fiber temperature sensing system, an optical fiber pressure sensing system, a saturation monitor of a downpenetration area (a pipe-type inserted (FDR) soil moisture sensor combined with a sensor installation working well) and a sensor for comprehensively monitoring evaporation capacity, pipe network flow, water level of an accumulation area (pool), water level of a metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box, surface runoff, monitoring groundwater level and saturation of the downpenetration area, and can master the influence on the stagnation, penetration, drainage, storage and utilization capacity of sponge facilities in real time. In addition, the conventional sponge city monitoring system lacks means for carrying out simulation prediction by combining a parameter input model with GIS data and lacks monitoring of saturation of a seepage area and the like, so that hydrologic working conditions of the whole system cannot be predicted, parameters which comprise ground water level, saturation of the seepage area, surface evaporation capacity (particularly the surface with high temperature after exposure) and the like and determine seepage, drainage and energy storage capacity of a sponge facility cannot be monitored in real time, and the control efficiency of the sponge facility is low or the control is failed easily.
4. The waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with the speed measuring buoy can flexibly test the flow velocity of surface runoff at any position. In heavy rain and heavy rain, a large-flow surface runoff can pass through a runner without water or with little water quantity in some places (refer to the flowing condition of rainwater on a street in the heavy rain of cities such as 2017, etc.), fixed flow monitors are difficult to set at the positions, and in addition, the real-time performance of flow measurement is poor and the difficulty is high when people are dispatched to the site in heavy rain and heavy rain, and potential safety hazards are also caused.
The air-drop speed measuring buoy is characterized in that a miniature unmanned aerial vehicle is required to be used for air-drop, and falls to the water surface in a free falling mode, and the air-drop speed measuring buoy is required to float, so that the quality of a rechargeable lithium battery of the air-drop speed measuring buoy cannot be too large, the corresponding electric quantity cannot be too large, and a miniature vibration type power generation battery is arranged inside the air-drop speed measuring buoy for solving the problem of continuous power supply. When the surface runoff is large, the air drop speed measuring buoy floating on the water surface can continuously vibrate along with the water surface, and can continuously vibrate along with water flow after being blocked by the rainwater grate, and part of energy of the water flow is converted into vibration energy of the air drop speed measuring buoy. The air-drop speed measuring buoy is provided with a miniature vibration type power generation battery, can generate power along with vibration and use the generated power for charging the lithium battery, so that continuous power supply of the air-drop speed measuring buoy when the runoff is large is ensured.
5. The natural infiltration capacity of the earth surface is limited, and the stratum close to the earth surface is saturated in water quantity, but the stratum deeper in the earth surface is still in a water-deficient state. The invention is provided with a pressurizing and infiltration device, and rainwater can be pressurized and infiltrated in a layered manner according to the water content (saturation) of soil. In addition, the underground water layer is always in a dynamic change process, and the pressurizing infiltration device is provided with measures such as a metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box, a suction irrigation flower pipe, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, an optical fiber temperature sensing system and an optical fiber pressure sensing system, so that dynamic storage and use of rainwater can be realized by utilizing the underground water layer. By combining the two points, the pressurizing infiltration device can remarkably improve the rainwater accumulation capacity of the stratum and the rainwater accumulation capacity in the underground water layer.
6. The device is provided with various disaster prevention measures, including various disaster prevention executing devices (lifting type breakwater of the underground garage, pressurization and drainage systems of the underground garage and the basement, power-off devices of electrical equipment and the like) and also includes disaster prevention measures such as a rain Hong Shengguang alarm and an automatic air-filled rubber dam, so that sponge facilities (including all equipment and facilities such as regulation and storage facilities, a host machine, monitoring sensors and actuators) not only play roles of stagnation, seepage, drainage, storage and use, but also have disaster prevention and flood prevention capability, and compared with conventional sponge facilities, the device utilization efficiency and flood prevention and disaster prevention capability of the sponge facilities are improved.
7. The invention is provided with a simulation host, a monitoring system with various sensors, and an actuator with perfect system, and also provided with various disaster prevention measures, the parameter acquisition is scientific and comprehensive, the information acquisition mode and the actuating mechanism are novel, the disaster prevention measures are in place, and the control logic is strictly perfect, thereby playing the roles of optimizing each function of the sponge facility such as seepage, storage, stagnation, purification, use and discharge, improving the utilization rate and the operation effect of the sponge facility, and obviously improving the overall benefit of the sponge facility. The system can also carry out scientific early warning and alarming on the rain and flood disaster according to various parameters and adopts corresponding measures to reduce the disaster risk of the rain and flood disaster in the building area or the building.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first half of a flow chart of the method of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the second half of the flow chart of the method of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measurement buoy;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an air drop speed measurement buoy;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressurized infiltration apparatus;
in the figure: 1-a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, 2-weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, 3-distributed small weather station, 4-facade rain condition monitor, 5-mobile rainfall radar, 6-infrared video monitor, 7-evaporation measuring instrument, 8-rainwater pipe network flow monitor, 9-water quality on-line monitor, 10-air quality monitor, 11-radar rainfall monitor, 12-infiltration area saturation monitor, 13-accumulation area (pool) water level monitor, 14-shallow underground water level monitor, 15-surface runoff monitor, 16-belt speed measuring buoy waterproof unmanned plane, 17-optical fiber temperature sensing system, 18-optical fiber pressure sensing system, 19-communication module, 20-intelligent controller, 21-rainwater utilization facility water supply point, 22-high-position rainwater hydroelectric generation module, 23-submersible conveying pump, 24-sensor installation working well, 25-pressurizing infiltration device, 26-emergency lifting pump truck with filter, 27-disaster prevention execution device, 28-rain Hong Shengguang alarm, 29-rapid air floatation filter, 30-PAC dosing device, 31-electric valve, 32-automatic air-filled rubber dam, 33-cloud server and cloud monitoring platform, 34-air-drop speed measuring buoy, 35-three-layer waterproof air-filled shell, 36-GPS module, 37-4G control and communication module, 38-internal plastic frame, 39-chargeable lithium battery, 40-miniature vibration power generation battery, 41-metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, 42-of a flower pipe for suction irrigation, 43-of a flower pipe for irrigation, 44-of a pressure relief safety valve, 45-of a filter and 46-of a variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring comprises a runoff simulation and control host 1 based on GIS, a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server 2, a distributed small weather station 3, a facade rain condition monitor 4, a mobile rainfall radar 5, an infrared video monitor 6, an evaporation measuring instrument 7, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor 8, a water quality on-line monitor 9, an air quality monitor 10, a radar rainfall monitor 11, a downdraft area saturation monitor 12, an accumulation area (pool) water level monitor 13, a shallow groundwater level monitor 14, a surface runoff monitor 15, a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measuring buoy 16, an optical fiber temperature sensing system 17, an optical fiber pressure sensing system 18, a communication module 19, an intelligent controller 20, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point 21, a high-level rainwater hydraulic power generation module 22, a submerged pump 23, a pressurizing and downdraft device 25, a filtering emergency lifting pump truck 26, a disaster prevention executing device 27, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm 28, a rapid air floatation 29, a PAC (PAC) automatic medicine adding device 30, an electric rubber valve 31, a monitoring platform 46, the runoff simulation and control host 1 based on the GIS is respectively connected with a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server 2, a distributed small weather station 3, a facade rain condition monitor 4, a mobile rainfall radar 5, an infrared video monitor 6, an evaporation measuring instrument 7, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor 8, a water quality on-line monitor 9, an air quality monitor 10, a radar rain monitor 11, a infiltration area saturation monitor 12, an accumulation area (pool) water level monitor 13, a shallow groundwater level monitor 14, a surface runoff monitor 15, the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle 16 with the speed measuring buoy, the optical fiber temperature sensing system 17, the optical fiber pressure sensing system 18, the cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform 33 are connected with the communication module 19, the communication module 19 is connected with the intelligent controller 20, and the intelligent controller 20 is respectively connected with the rainwater utilization facility water supply point 21, the high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module 22, the submerged conveying pump 23, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump 46, the pressurization infiltration device 25, the emergency lifting pump truck 26 with the filtration, the disaster prevention executing device 27, the rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm 28, the rapid air floatation filter 29, the PAC dosing device 30, the electric valve 31 and the automatic inflation rubber dam 32.
The distributed small weather station 3 can measure temperature and humidity, rainfall, solar radiation intensity and wind speed parameters. Because the heavy wind has a great influence on the rainfall direction, the rainfall is difficult to fall into the conventional rain gauges such as the tipping bucket rain gauge with the opening upwards during the heavy wind, so when the weather station measures the high wind speed (the wind speed is more than 8.0 meters/second), the runoff simulation and control host 1 based on the GIS gives up the rainfall data measured by using the distributed small weather station 3, and uses the rainfall data measured by using the elevation rain condition monitor 4 and the radar rain monitor 11.
The weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server 2 can automatically collect weather forecast (including rainfall forecast, temperature and humidity, wind speed, solar radiation forecast and the like) and air quality forecast issued by a weather station in real time, and can acquire images and data of surface runoff quantity by connecting with a runoff monitoring satellite (remote sensing satellite with surface runoff monitoring function and a weather satellite) in real time, and transmit the weather and runoff data to the runoff simulation and control host 1 based on GIS.
The elevation rain condition monitor 4 is a small-sized rain gutter is arranged on the elevation of the building to intercept rainwater on the elevation to a rainfall measuring container, and the rainfall intensity on the elevation can be calculated according to the intercepted area of the rain gutter and the rainfall in the rainfall container.
The mobile rainfall radar 5 adopts a rainfall radar vehicle to carry out rainfall forecasting and rainfall intensity measurement. And flexibly setting the working position of the rainfall radar vehicle according to the requirement of rain condition monitoring. For example, in summer, thermal thunderstorms are convection movements caused by rising of air expansion near the ground due to severe sun irradiation, and most of the thermal thunderstorms are formed afternoon, disappear in the evening, have short duration, and show scattered block echoes (thunderstorm monomers) on Doppler radars, and the service life is generally not more than 40 minutes. The method has the advantages that the thermal thunderstorm short-time formation and prediction difficulty is high, the thermal thunderstorm is not known in advance from weather prediction, when the thermal thunderstorm possibly occurs in the area where the method is located through the weather prediction and runoff satellite monitoring server and the distributed small weather station according to the prior art, a rainfall radar vehicle can be driven to the vicinity of a rainfall cloud, the mobile rainfall radar is used for detecting the thunderstorm rain in a targeted manner, the thermal thunderstorm intensity is predicted in short time through a vehicle-mounted computer, and the short-time rainfall prediction parameter is provided for a system. In summer, the system preferably adopts short-time rainfall forecast parameters provided by the mobile rainfall radar compared with parameters obtained by the weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server.
The infrared video monitor 6 can monitor surface water volume video and surface temperature change caused by evaporation on surface runoff, surface water of a water storage area, a hypotonic area and a water impermeable area. According to the local meteorological parameters and the temperature change of each surface, the rainwater evaporation quantity of each surface can be further calculated. The surface condition can be visually observed by using the infrared video monitor due to the differences among the surface temperature of the ponding, the surface temperature of the ponding which is fully permeated, the surface temperature of the hardening surface which is greatly evaporated and the runoff temperature. For example, in hot summer, hot thunder rain occurs under the condition of high sun exposure, before rainfall, the hardened ground (such as a cement pavement) is heated by solar radiation to high temperature (the temperature under insolation of the reported hardened ground is 50 ℃), when the rainfall occurs, partial rainfall falling on the ground surface is instantaneously evaporated to form no surface runoff, compared with other working conditions in seasons with weaker solar radiation, the surface runoff of the hardened ground is greatly reduced under the same rainfall, the condition that the hardened surface temperature is high can be monitored in advance by using an infrared video monitor, and the surface runoff simulation and control host based on GIS are input together with the data of an evaporation measuring instrument so as to accurately predict the surface runoff.
The evaporation amount is closely related to the surface temperature, the temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like of the air, and therefore, the invention is also provided with the evaporation measuring instrument 7. The data of the evaporation measuring instrument 7 and the data of the infrared video monitor 6 are simultaneously input into the runoff simulation and control host machine 1 based on the GIS.
The evaporation measuring instrument 7 can adopt the measuring instrument of the prior art, but is provided with a plurality of types, namely, the evaporation amount of the ground surface under the tree, the evaporation amount of the wetland and the ventilation evaporation amount of the impoundment are respectively measured at different positions.
The rainwater pipe network flow monitor 8 can monitor the rainwater input and output effects of surrounding plots on the monitored plots. For example, when the upstream rainwater pipe network is full, the upstream rainwater overflows when flowing through the local area, and the difference value between the upstream rainwater and the downstream rainwater is the influence condition of the local rainwater by the pipe network. (downstream flow-upstream flow) =local block stormwater ingress pipe network flow. When the value of (downstream flow-upstream flow) is negative, it indicates that the pipe network has overflow in the local block, and the electric valve leading to the pipe network at the overflow is required to be closed.
The water quality on-line monitor 9 can measure SS, COD, BOD, dissolved Oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN, pH value and the like of rainwater, and the generated data can comprehensively evaluate the quality of the rainwater. Because of the various heavy metal pollutants such as Zn, cu, pb and the like, on-line monitoring is inconvenient. The heavy metal sources in the urban rainwater are mainly heavy metals carried by PM2.5 and PM10 pollutant particles (rainwater condensation cores) in the urban air, and the heavy metal content in the rainwater can be inferred by monitoring the air quality, so the invention is provided with the air quality monitor 10.
The air quality monitor 10 can measure the content of particulate pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10 in the air before and after rainfall, and the particulate pollutants can become rainwater condensation cores, and then the particulate pollutants are transmitted to the runoff simulation and control host 1 based on GIS to calculate the content of particulate matters and heavy metals carried in the rainwater. Because heavy metals in rainwater are difficult to treat through common rainwater filtering treatment measures with proper cost, the method provided by the invention can discard initial rainwater when the air quality is poor (AQI > 100). When the air quality reaches the standard, but the water quality on-line monitor 9 monitors that other parameters of the rainwater system exceed the standard, the exceeding rainwater is discarded.
The radar rainfall monitor 11 adopts the instrument of the prior art, can measure the rainfall intensity of solid rainfall such as rain and snow, snowfall, hail and the like under special weather, and compensates the problem of the solid rainfall monitoring delay of the common liquid level rainfall monitor. The snow accumulation amount of the tree and the roof can be estimated, and further, the runoff generated after snow melting is predicted.
The saturation monitor 12 is a prior art device that can accurately measure the moisture content, water pressure and field water holding capacity of various different soil sections, and can accurately measure the saturated moisture content of the soil and the wilting moisture content of crops. The system probe is arranged in the lower seepage area formed by various permeable materials, pebbles, broken stones, fine sand and improved soil of the sponge facility, the moisture content and the moisture saturation of each lower seepage layer can be monitored in real time and compared with the saturated moisture content of each lower seepage layer, and the residual water absorption capacity of each lower seepage area in rainfall is mastered.
The hypotonic zone saturation monitor 12 employs a tube-in-tube (FDR) soil moisture sensor. Soil moisture sensors employing the principle of Frequency Domain Reflection (FDR) embedded in formations to be monitored are commonly employed. When the stratum is deeper, the sensor installation working shaft is drilled to the relevant depth by adopting a drilling method, a pipe type inserted (FDR) soil moisture sensor is inserted into soil at the bottom of the well, and after a data wire is installed in the well, the sensor is installed in the working shaft and homogeneous filling backfill is carried out.
The sensor installation working well can be provided with one or more sensor installation working wells, stratum disturbance is reduced as much as possible, and the aperture is determined based on the soil moisture sensor installation requirement meeting the tubular (plug-in) frequency domain reflection principle (FDR). The soil moisture sensor can be pressed into a stratum at the bottom of the well by using a drill rod, and after the soil moisture sensor is installed, the sensor installation working well is backfilled in a layered and homogeneous manner (backfilled by using a material which is consistent with the rock-soil body of the original stratum as much as possible).
The reservoir (pool) water level monitor 13 can monitor the water level of the surface retention area, open channels, drainage channels, recessed greenhouses, and various rainwater reservoirs on line. When the groundwater level at a certain place is found to be lower, the pressurizing and infiltration device (the pressurizing and infiltration device can be movable, the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box and the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump can be vehicle-mounted, and the perfusion flower pipe can be movably inserted into a relevant stratum capable of storing water) can be used for pressurizing and recharging the rainwater with the water quality meeting the standard at the certain place.
The shallow groundwater level monitor 14 can monitor the shallow groundwater levels at a plurality of different positions on line. The potential for rain to penetrate into the ground was evaluated based on the elevation and depression of shallow groundwater levels. In the water-deficient area with the shallow groundwater level lower than 20 meters, the water storage capacity (space) of the shallow surface is sufficient, and a groundwater level monitor can be omitted.
The surface runoff monitor 15 may be a doppler flow monitor (or a flow velocity profile monitor) for monitoring the flow of a marked section of the surface runoff.
Referring to fig. 4, the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle 16 with the speed measuring buoy is provided with a camera, a buoy throwing rack and an air-drop speed measuring buoy 34, and the air-drop speed measuring buoy 34 is connected with the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle 16 with the speed measuring buoy through the buoy throwing rack. The waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle 16 with the speed measuring buoy can be carried with a camera, an air drop speed measuring buoy and other equipment to fly above an area to be measured, the camera is used for shooting the surface runoff condition, the accumulated or detention area water level condition, and the buoy throwing hanging frame is opened to release the air drop speed measuring buoy at a specific position to measure the flow velocity of runoff. The air drop speed measuring buoy 34 uses the positioning, speed measuring and data transmission technology similar to the conventional smart phone, is internally provided with a GPS module, a communication module, a storage battery and other microprocessors, is waterproof and packaged, can float on the water surface to flow together with water flow when falling on the water surface, and the flow speed is transmitted to a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, so that the flow speed of rainwater in surface runoff or an open pipe canal can be reflected. The plane size of the mobile phone is similar to that of a 4-inch screen, the mobile phone can be ensured to be detained by a rainwater grate, a filter screen and a sand filter layer, and the mobile phone is convenient to manually recycle at a detaining position after being positioned. The online Doppler flow monitor has high cost, high maintenance requirement and certain requirement on the sectional area and the runoff depth of a use place, so the online Doppler flow monitor has low cost, is convenient to use, can be used at any position, calculates the runoff speed and the runoff quantity of each position by matching with a preset liquid level mark on the ground and the known geometric dimension of a runner, and can be put in a target point, and the runoff depth only needs to meet the requirement that the buoy can float.
Referring to fig. 5, the air-drop speed measuring buoy 34 adopts a three-layer waterproof inflatable shell 35. The three-layer waterproof inflatable shell 35 has the functions of vibration reduction and water prevention. The three-layer waterproof inflatable shell 35 of the air drop speed measurement buoy 34 is also internally provided with a GPS module 36, a 4G control and communication module 37, an internal plastic frame 38, a rechargeable lithium battery 39 and a miniature vibration type power generation battery 40, and the internal plastic frame 38 is firmly connected with the three-layer waterproof inflatable shell 35. The GPS module 36, the 4G control and communication module 37, the rechargeable lithium battery 39, and the miniature vibration power generating cell 40 are all firmly connected to the internal plastic frame 38. The GPS module 36 and the 4G control and communication module 37 are connected through data lines. The micro vibration type power generation battery 40 is connected with the GPS module 36 and the 4G control and communication module 37 through power lines. The rechargeable lithium battery 39 is connected to the GPS module 36 and the 4G control and communication module 37 via power lines.
When the surface runoff is large, the air drop speed measuring buoy floating on the water surface can continuously vibrate along with the water surface, and can continuously vibrate along with water flow after being blocked by the rainwater grate, and part of energy of the water flow is converted into vibration energy of the air drop speed measuring buoy. The air-drop speed measuring buoy is provided with a miniature vibration type power generation battery 40, can generate power along with vibration and use the generated power for charging a rechargeable lithium battery 39, so that continuous power supply of the air-drop speed measuring buoy when the runoff is large is ensured. The continuous power supply can ensure that the sensor, the positioning module and the communication module on the air drop speed measuring buoy work for a long time, and ensure the positioning during data acquisition and later recovery.
The optical fiber temperature sensing system 17 and the optical fiber pressure sensing system 18 can exert the advantages of flexible implantation, high sensitivity, high precision, wide application range and multiple control points of optical fiber sensing. The method comprises the steps of installing an optical fiber temperature and pressure sensor in a permeable pavement area (such as a green roof and a pavement ground) which is a permeable and transmission type sponge facility, evaluating the permeable pavement performance, installing a rainwater infiltration real-time monitoring system in a storage type sponge facility (such as a natural ecological slope and a natural biological detention pool), monitoring underground water pressure in a pumping and filling flower pipe 42 and a filling flower pipe 43 in a stratum, and monitoring the liquid level in a metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41 by monitoring the water pressure. Because there is the fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, the fluctuation of liquid level is great (especially before and after the relief valve 44 is released pressure) in the airtight rainwater transfer box 41 of metal pressure-bearing behind the rainwater compression, adopt traditional communicating pipe level gauge, pressure level gauge, humidity response level gauge all be difficult to stable measurement incasement liquid level, in order to accurately monitor rainwater transfer box internal liquid level, according to the rainwater that collects and rainwater transfer incasement temperature difference, rainwater and air and the principle that optic fibre temperature sensor heat transfer is different, still be equipped with optic fibre temperature sensing system in the rainwater transfer box, the system is equipped with a plurality of optic fibre temperature sensing points, the temperature through monitoring the measuring point carries out the review to the liquid level in the rainwater transfer box, ensure that the liquid level monitoring is accurate. When the monitoring results of the optical fiber temperature sensing system and the optical fiber pressure sensing system on the liquid level are close (error is less than 5%), the average value of the monitoring values of the two systems is taken as a liquid level parameter to be input into the intelligent controller, when the monitoring results of the optical fiber temperature sensing system and the optical fiber pressure sensing system on the liquid level are large (error is more than 5%), the liquid level is calculated by adopting a weighting method, the weight of the liquid level measured by the optical fiber temperature sensing system is 70%, and the liquid level measured by the optical fiber pressure sensing system is 30%, so that the error caused by pressure fluctuation in a rainwater transfer box can be effectively eliminated.
The runoff simulation and control host 1 based on GIS can run SWMM and other software according to GIS information to perform rainwater runoff simulation, collect data of equipment or sensors such as weather forecast stations, distributed small weather stations, movable undersea weather radars and radar rainfall monitors and perform local small-range rainfall accurate prediction and rainfall monitoring, monitor and collect parameters of sensors such as a saturation monitor 12 of a seepage area, a water level monitor 13 of an accumulation area (pool), an underground water level monitor, an infrared video monitor 6, an evaporation measuring instrument 7, an earth surface runoff monitor 15, a water quality on-line monitor 9 and the like, and send control instructions to the intelligent controller after the parameters are predicted according to simulation results, rainfall prediction results and monitored parameters and a preset control strategy through the cloud server and the monitoring platform 33.
The variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump 46 can be used for recharging the collected or purified rainwater meeting the water quality requirement into the groundwater layer under pressure, achieving the effect of pressurizing and infiltration, and also can be used for pumping groundwater from the groundwater layer by means of the natural pressure of the groundwater layer.
Referring to fig. 6, the pressurizing and infiltration device 25 includes a metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41, a pumping and pouring floral tube 42 and a pouring floral tube 43, the shallow groundwater level detector 14, the optical fiber pressure sensing system 18 and the optical fiber temperature sensing system 17 are installed on the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41, an electric valve 31 is arranged on the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41, the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41 is connected with the pumping and pouring floral tube 42 and the pouring floral tube 43 through the electric valve 31, and is connected with a pressure relief safety valve 44, and the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box 41 is connected with a frequency conversion bidirectional pressurizing pump 46 through the electric valve 31 and a filter 45.
The pipe opening of the pumping and filling pipe 42 is provided in the groundwater layer, and pumping and filling of groundwater can be performed.
The filling pipe 43 is arranged in the underground stratum I, stratum II and stratum III, and can recharge rainwater underground in a layered manner.
A plurality of sensor installation work wells 24 are arranged in the stratum beside the perfusion tube 43, and a saturation monitor 12 of a seepage area is arranged in the well to respectively monitor the soil saturation in different soil layers.
The data acquisition host part of the shallow water level monitor 14 is fixed on a metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box 41, the sensor of the shallow water level monitor 14 is installed in a pumping and filling flower pipe 42, and the data acquisition host part of the shallow water level monitor 14 is connected with the sensor through a wire.
The pressurizing and infiltration device has two working conditions of pressurizing and infiltration and water for suction. 1) And (3) under the condition of pressure infiltration: the filtered and purified rainwater enters a variable frequency bidirectional pressure pump 46, is pressurized by the variable frequency bidirectional pressure pump 46 and then enters a metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box 41, and is pressurized and poured into the ground through a plurality of pumping and pouring flower pipes 42 and pouring flower pipes 43. The optical fiber pressure sensor is arranged on the metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box 41 and can measure the water pressure in the rainwater transfer box; the liquid level sensor based on the optical fiber pressure sensor is further arranged in the pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box, the liquid level in the rainwater transfer box can be measured, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump is started to supply water when the liquid level is reduced, and when the liquid level reaches the upper limit of a set value, the electric valve at the inlet of the rainwater transfer box is closed, so that backflow of rainwater after stopping the pump is prevented. The metal pressure-bearing airtight rainwater transfer box is also connected with a high-level rainwater tank or a rainwater pipe through a pipeline, and can send rainwater into the rainwater transfer box by utilizing the natural pressure of high-level rainwater and pressurized and poured into the ground. 2) Pumping water condition: under the state of stopping the pump, the optical fiber pressure sensor monitors that the water level of the underground water layer is higher, and when the pressure is higher than the height of the water layer and the water tank and the state of pressurized underground water is presented, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump can be reversely (compared with the pressurized infiltration working condition) started to pump water from the water tank, and rainwater is conveyed to a rainwater utilization facility for utilization. In addition, when the underground water layer is saturated, and rainwater flowing into the rainwater tank from a high-speed water cannot be pressurized to permeate into the ground, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump can pump rainwater from the water tank to a water point or other accumulating facilities for accumulation. Whether the pressurized groundwater is pumped and utilized or the rainwater flowing into the pressurized airtight rainwater transfer box is pressurized and then conveyed, the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump can perform variable-frequency regulation on the water pump according to the pressure in the rainwater transfer box, the pressurized groundwater is conveyed after pressure superposition is formed, the pressure in the water tank is fully utilized, and the pressure head and consumed power of the water pump are reduced.
Because the rainwater poured into the underground water layer is mixed with the underground water, and the underground water possibly contains impurities such as sand, a filter 45 is arranged at the inlet of the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump when the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump reversely operates to suck water from the underground.
The pouring flower pipes 43 matched with the pressurizing infiltration device are arranged in a plurality according to stratum conditions, the opening depth of each pouring flower pipe is different, and the stratum which is relatively close to the ground surface and has the rainwater infiltration capability is respectively provided with the pouring flower pipes with different opening depths. The intelligent controller can select the stratum for pressurizing and infiltration according to the parameters of the pressure sensor in each perfusion tube and the parameters of the saturation monitor of the infiltration area in each stratum, open the electric valve on the corresponding perfusion tube and close the electric valves on other tubes. In particular, because of good water permeability of pebble addresses, on pebble layer stratum formed by common ancient river beds, such as low or no groundwater level of the pebble layer stratum, an open perfusion flower pipe should be arranged at the depth of the pebble layer stratum preferentially, and rainwater is pressurized and infiltrated into the pebble layer stratum preferentially.
All sensor parameters can be sent to the GIS-based runoff simulation and control host and intelligent controller. All the executors can execute the instruction action of the intelligent controller.
The disaster prevention executing device 27 comprises, but is not limited to, an underground garage lifting type water baffle, an underground garage and a basement pressurized drainage system, an electric house of a basement, an electric equipment power-off device, an electric valve interlocked with a water immersion sensor, a submerged conveying pump in a water collecting pit and the like.
The water supply points 21 of the rainwater utilization facility comprise, but are not limited to, water tank water supply points for rainwater flushing, toilet high-low water tank water supply points, cold and heat storage water tank water supply points, fire water tank water supply points, concrete stirring and other industrial and aquaculture water storage water points and the like.
The emergency lifting pump truck 26 with filtering has certain wading passing capability, can drive to a water accumulation area for carrying out local rainwater lifting and conveying when the water accumulation in the local area is serious, and can be connected with all conveying, water accumulation or water utilization facilities of the invention such as a water supply point of the rainwater utilization facility of the invention through temporary pipelines.
The rain Hong Shengguang alarm 28 adopts audible and visual alarm, and corresponding water level sensors or on-off sensors are arranged in dangerous areas such as easily ponding areas and rainwater system well covers, and when the ponding depth reaches a certain limit value or the well covers are washed away (the on-off sensors send out a breaking signal), audible and visual alarm is sent out near dangerous points to remind personnel to pay attention to avoid detouring.
The rapid air flotation filter 29 can rapidly filter pollutant particles.
The PAC dosing device 30 can automatically carry out full-automatic dosing treatment on rainwater according to the water quality condition, so that the rainwater quality is improved. All water treatment facilities such as the rapid air flotation filter, the PAC dosing device and the like and the electric valves arranged on the water treatment facilities can work under the control of the intelligent controller as well as other actuators.
The electric valve 31 can be opened or closed according to the operation requirement of the system under the control of the intelligent controller. For example, when the quality of the rainwater reaches the standard through natural infiltration of soil, the electric valve of the rainwater leading to the rapid air floatation filter tank can be closed, and the electric valve of the bypass pipe is opened. The electric valves are arranged on pipelines connected among the rainwater regulation facilities, the purification facilities, the rainwater utilization facility water supply points, the submersible conveying pump, the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump and the pipelines.
The automatic inflatable rubber dam 32 can automatically inflate and retain water under the control of the intelligent controller when the water level of a river pipe canal or a reservoir exceeds the standard or a basement such as a underground garage is required to be filled with water, so that the functions of retaining water and avoiding flood are achieved. For example, an automatic inflation rubber dam is arranged at an underground garage entrance, and is contracted and stored to the bottom space of a slope entrance rain grate with a hinge (without obstructing the drainage of rain water), when the quantity of rain water is too large, the slope entrance rain grate can not intercept the rain water, and when water enters the garage, the automatic inflation rubber automatically inflates and jacks up the rain grate, a water retaining dam is formed at the slope entrance of the garage, and people and property losses caused by vehicles and equipment in the garage submerged by the rain water entering the garage through the slope are avoided.
The high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module 27 is used as part of the invention, and the operation efficiency can be remarkably improved when the high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module is operated under the control of the invention. For example, when the high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module collects high-temperature wastewater simultaneously to generate power, after rainfall is predicted according to the invention, the rainwater collection amount per unit time is found to exceed the water required for storage and power generation in the same period (the photovoltaic power generation amount in the rainy day is negligible). At this time, before the time of high rainfall intensity comes, the rain waste water tank is emptied through water drainage power generation as much as possible, and the electric quantity of the storage battery is preferentially used for supplying power to the load. When heavy rain comes, the system can collect rainwater to the maximum extent and drain water to generate power, so that the phenomenon of 'water discarding' during heavy rain is avoided.
The intelligent controller 20 can intelligently control all various actuators such as a rainwater utilization facility water supply point 21, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module 22, a submersible conveying pump 23, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressure pump 46, a pressurizing and infiltration device 25, an electric valve 31, a PAC chemical adding device 30, a rapid air floatation filter 29, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm 28 and the like according to control instructions and a preset control strategy. The intelligent controller can monitor and feed back the working state of each actuator to the cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform 33.
The cloud server and cloud monitoring platform 33 receives the control command and the collected sensor data sent by the runoff simulation and control host 1 based on the GIS, stores the sensor data, sends the control command to the intelligent controller 20, and monitors and displays the state of each actuator through the signals fed back by the intelligent controller 20. The cloud server and the cloud monitoring platform 33 can access a plurality of runoff simulation and control hosts 1 based on GIS and a plurality of intelligent controllers.
An operation method of an intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring is shown in the flow chart of fig. 2 and 3:
the working conditions of the system are divided into a rainy condition forecasting working condition, a monitoring working condition, a rainy working condition and a disaster prevention working condition;
1) Rainy condition forecasting and monitoring working conditions: in the working condition, the system acquires the rain condition parameters provided by weather forecast of a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, and acquires local weather parameters of a place through a distributed small weather station; when hot thunderstorm occurs in summer (small weather and wet air), namely under the working condition of hot thunderstorm in summer, the system can also use the mobile rainfall radar to acquire short-time rainfall forecast parameters. According to weather forecast rain parameters, local weather parameters of a place and short-time rainfall forecast parameters of a summer mobile rainfall radar, a weighted average is taken to generate corrected rain forecast parameters (weights of the three parameters can be determined according to the actual engineering situation and the prior art), and then whether rainfall occurs in the local area of the system is judged;
When it is judged that rainfall does not occur at the place where the system is located, the system collects and records water conditions and meteorological parameters of various sensors such as a water level monitor of an accumulation area, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a water quality online monitor, a saturation monitor of a seepage area, an evaporation measuring instrument, an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber pressure sensor and the like, and based on the parameters, an intelligent controller is utilized to control the actions of rainwater utilization facilities or executors such as a pressurizing and seepage device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC (programmable logic controller) dosing device and the like;
when the rainfall occurs at the place where the system is located, the system enters into the working condition before the rainfall to operate;
2) Working condition before rain: in the working condition, the system acquires weather forecast data such as air quality forecast data, rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed and the like, infrared video monitoring data, satellite remote sensing river runoff monitoring data and shallow groundwater level monitoring data, acquires monitoring data of other sensors such as a surface runoff monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, a infiltration area saturation monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber pressure sensor and the like, inputs the monitoring data into a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS, and simulates to acquire simulation results of the next-day surface runoff, accumulated water quantity and water quality; after the simulation result is obtained, the operation modes of all rainwater regulation facilities and executors such as a pressurizing and infiltration device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, a disaster prevention execution device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, an automatic inflatable rubber dam, an electric valve and the like are preset before rainfall according to the simulation result;
3) Rainfall conditions: under the working condition, the rainfall happens, the system acquires real-time rainfall parameters provided by a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, acquires local real-time weather parameters (including rainfall intensity, rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed and the like of a rain gauge in a weather station) of the place through a distributed small weather station, acquires real-time rainfall intensity through a mobile rainfall radar, and takes a weighted average of the three types of rainfall data to obtain corrected real-time rainfall parameters (the weights of the three types of parameters can be determined according to the prior art according to the actual engineering situation); comparing the corrected real-time rain condition parameters with the corrected rain condition forecast parameters generated in the rain condition forecast and monitoring working conditions every 20 minutes;
when the parameter error is not more than 15%, each rainwater regulation facility and actuator (comprising a common rainwater accumulation area (pool), a pressurizing and infiltration device, a variable frequency bidirectional booster pump, a submerged conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, a filtering emergency lifting pump truck, a disaster prevention executing device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, an automatic inflation rubber dam, an electric valve and the like) work according to a preset running mode;
When the parameter error is greater than 15%, the corrected real-time rain condition parameters are re-input into a runoff simulation and control host based on a GIS for simulation, an operation mode is re-formulated according to a re-simulation result, and then each rainwater regulation facility and each actuator work according to the re-formulated operation mode;
in the running process, continuously collecting parameters of a distributed small weather station and each sensor, comparing the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor with an alarm red line (the alarm red line is set according to the actual condition of a system place) in real time, and entering a disaster prevention working condition when the parameters reach the alarm red line; when the parameters do not reach the alarm red line, judging whether rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition forecasting and monitoring working condition if the rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition starting end if the rainfall is not stopped, acquiring three rainfall parameters, generating corrected real-time rainfall parameters, and comparing the corrected real-time rainfall parameters with the corrected rainfall forecasting parameters every 20 minutes;
when the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor reach the alarm red line, the system enters a disaster prevention working condition;
4) Disaster prevention working conditions: under the working condition, the system starts various related emergency monitoring equipment, regulation facilities and actuators (comprising a submerged conveying pump, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a pressurizing and infiltration device, a waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with a speed measuring buoy, an automatic air-floating rubber dam, a rapid air floatation filter pool, a disaster prevention executing device and the like) according to the disaster prevention working condition;
After the disaster prevention working condition is started for 20 minutes, the parameters of the weather station and each sensor are compared with an alarm red line, when each parameter is reduced below the alarm red line, the system returns to the beginning of the rainfall working condition to run, and when each parameter still reaches or exceeds the alarm red line, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration is further sent to a water accumulation point to carry out emergency lifting, and a rain Hong Shengguang alarm is started. And when each parameter is lower than the alarm red line, the system also returns to the beginning operation of the rainfall condition.
Claims (6)
1. Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multisensor control, its characterized in that: the system comprises a GIS-based runoff simulation and control host, a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, a distributed small-sized weather station, a facade rain condition monitor, a mobile rainfall radar, an infrared video monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, a rainwater pipe network flow monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, an air quality monitor, a radar rain condition monitor, a downgoing zone saturation monitor, an accumulation area water level monitor, a shallow groundwater level monitor, a surface runoff monitor, a water level monitor, a mobile rainfall buoy waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle, an optical fiber temperature sensing system, an optical fiber pressure sensing system, a communication module, an intelligent controller, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a high-position rainwater hydraulic power generation module, a diving transmission pump, a pressurized downgoing device, a filtration emergency lifting pump truck, a disaster prevention executing device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, a rapid air floating filter, a PAC dosing device, an electric valve, an automatic air charging rubber dam, a cloud server and a cloud monitoring platform and a frequency conversion bidirectional pressurizing pump, wherein the GIS-based runoff simulation and control host is respectively connected with the weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, the distributed small-sized weather station, the mobile rainfall sensor, the infrared sensor, the evaporation meter, the water level monitor, the water quality sensor, the water level monitor, the intelligent controller, the water level monitor, the water level sensor, the water level monitor, the intelligent controller, the water level sensor and the water sensor, the water level monitor, the air sensor and the intelligent controller, the water level monitor, the water sensor and the water level sensor system and the system The device comprises a high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, a submersible conveying pump, a variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump, a pressurization infiltration device, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, a disaster prevention execution device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, a rapid air floatation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an electric valve and an automatic inflation rubber dam, wherein the high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, the submersible conveying pump, the variable-frequency bidirectional booster pump, the pressurization infiltration device, the emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, the rapid air floatation filter tank, the PAC dosing device and the automatic inflation rubber dam are connected;
The elevation rain condition monitor is characterized in that a small-sized rain gutter is arranged on an elevation of a building to intercept rainwater on the elevation to a rainfall measuring container, and the rainfall intensity on the elevation can be calculated according to the intercepted area of the rain gutter and the rainfall in the rainfall container;
the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with the speed measuring buoy is provided with a camera, a buoy throwing rack and an air-drop speed measuring buoy, and the air-drop speed measuring buoy is connected with the waterproof unmanned aerial vehicle with the speed measuring buoy through the buoy throwing rack;
the air drop speed measuring buoy adopts a three-layer waterproof inflatable shell, a GPS module, a 4G control and communication module, an internal plastic frame, a rechargeable lithium battery and a miniature vibration type power generation battery are arranged in the three-layer waterproof inflatable shell, and the internal plastic frame is firmly connected with the three-layer waterproof inflatable shell; the GPS module, the 4G control and communication module, the rechargeable lithium battery and the miniature vibration type power generation battery are firmly connected with the internal plastic frame; the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module are connected through a data line; the miniature vibration type power generation battery is connected with the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module through a power line; the rechargeable lithium battery is connected with the GPS module and the 4G control and communication module through a power line;
the pressurizing infiltration device comprises a metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box, a suction and irrigation flower pipe and an irrigation flower pipe, wherein the shallow groundwater level detector, the optical fiber pressure sensing system and the optical fiber temperature sensing system are arranged on the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box, an electric valve is arranged on the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box, the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box is connected with the suction and irrigation flower pipe and the irrigation flower pipe through the electric valve and is connected with a pressure relief safety valve, and the metal pressure-bearing closed rainwater transfer box is connected with a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump through the electric valve and a filter; the flower pipe opening part of the flower pipe for pumping and filling is arranged in the underground water layer, so that pumping and filling of underground water can be performed; the pouring flowtube is arranged in a stratum I, a stratum II and a stratum III underground, and can be used for carrying out layered recharging on rainwater underground; the stratum beside the perfusion tube is internally provided with a plurality of sensor installation working wells, and the saturation monitors of the infiltration areas are arranged in the wells, so that the saturation of the soil in different soil layers can be monitored respectively.
2. The intelligent stormwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the disaster prevention execution device comprises an underground garage lifting type water baffle, an underground garage and a basement pressurization drainage system, an electric room for a basement, an electric equipment power-off device, an electric valve interlocked with a water immersion sensor and a submerged conveying pump in a water collecting pit.
3. Intelligent stormwater system based on runoff simulation and multisensor monitoring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rainwater utilization facility water supply point comprises a rainwater toilet flushing water storage tank water supplementing point, a toilet high-low water tank water supplementing point, a cold accumulation heat accumulation water tank water supplementing point, a fire water tank water supplementing point and a concrete stirring and water storage water culturing point.
4. Intelligent stormwater system based on runoff simulation and multisensor monitoring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rain Hong Shengguang alarm adopts audible and visual alarm, corresponding water level sensors or on-off sensors are arranged in the easily accumulated water area and the dangerous area of the well lid of the rainwater system, and audible and visual alarm is sent out near the dangerous point when the accumulated water depth reaches a certain limit value or the well lid is flushed.
5. Intelligent stormwater system based on runoff simulation and multisensor monitoring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the intelligent controller can intelligently control the water supply points of the rainwater utilization facilities, the high-level rainwater hydroelectric generation module, the submerged conveying pump, the variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, the pressurizing infiltration device, the electric valve, the PAC dosing device, the rapid air floatation filter and the rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm according to control instructions and a preset control strategy.
6. A method of operating an intelligent stormwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the working conditions of the system are divided into a rainy condition forecasting working condition, a monitoring working condition, a rainy working condition and a disaster prevention working condition;
1) Rainy condition forecasting and monitoring working conditions: in the working condition, the system acquires rain condition parameters provided by weather forecast of a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, and acquires local weather parameters of a place through a distributed small weather station; when the hot thunderstorm weather is easy to occur in summer, namely under the working condition of the hot thunderstorm in summer, the system uses the mobile rainfall radar to acquire short-time rainfall forecast parameters; according to weather forecast rain parameters, local weather parameters of a place and short-time rainfall forecast parameters of a summer mobile rainfall radar, a weighted average value is taken to generate corrected rain forecast parameters, and whether rainfall occurs in the local area of the system is judged;
When it is judged that rainfall does not occur at the place where the system is located, the system collects and records water level monitors of an accumulation area, shallow underground water level monitors, surface runoff monitors, water quality on-line monitors, saturation monitors of a seepage area, evaporation measuring instruments, optical fiber temperature sensors, water conditions and air condition parameters sensed by optical fiber pressure, and based on the parameters, an intelligent controller is used for controlling actions of a pressurizing and seepage device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air floatation filter tank and a PAC chemical adding device;
when the rainfall occurs at the place where the system is located, the system enters into the working condition before the rainfall to operate;
2) Working condition before rain: in the working condition, the system acquires air quality forecast data, rainfall, temperature, humidity and wind speed forecast data, infrared video monitoring data, satellite remote sensing river runoff monitoring data and shallow groundwater level monitoring data, acquires monitoring data of an earth surface runoff monitor, a water quality on-line monitor, a downpermeation area saturation monitor, an evaporation measuring instrument, an optical fiber temperature sensor and an optical fiber pressure sensor, and inputs the monitoring data into a runoff simulation and control host based on GIS to simulate and acquire simulation results of the earth surface runoff, accumulated water quantity and water quality of the next day; after the simulation result is obtained, a pressurizing and seepage-reducing device, a variable-frequency bidirectional pressurizing pump, a submersible conveying pump, a high-level rainwater hydroelectric power generation module, a rainwater utilization facility water supply point, a rapid air flotation filter tank, a PAC dosing device, an emergency lifting pump truck with filtration, a disaster prevention executing device, a rainwater Hong Shengguang alarm, an automatic inflation rubber dam and an electric valve operation mode are preset according to the simulation result before rainfall;
3) Rainfall conditions: under the working condition, the rainfall happens, the system acquires real-time rainfall parameters provided by a weather bureau through a weather forecast and runoff satellite monitoring server, acquires local real-time weather parameters of a place through a distributed small weather station, acquires real-time rainfall intensity through a mobile rainfall radar, and acquires a weighted average value of the three types of rainfall data to obtain corrected real-time rainfall parameters; comparing the corrected real-time rain condition parameters with the corrected rain condition forecast parameters generated in the rain condition forecast and monitoring working conditions every 20 minutes;
when the parameter error is not more than 15%, each rainwater regulation facility and each actuator work according to a preset running mode;
when the parameter error is greater than 15%, the corrected real-time rain condition parameters are re-input into a runoff simulation and control host based on a GIS for simulation, an operation mode is re-formulated according to a re-simulation result, and then each rainwater regulation facility and each actuator work according to the re-formulated operation mode;
in the running process, continuously collecting parameters of a distributed small weather station and each sensor, comparing the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor with an alarm red line in real time, and entering a disaster prevention working condition when the parameters reach the alarm red line; when the parameters do not reach the alarm red line, judging whether rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition forecasting and monitoring working condition if the rainfall is stopped, returning to a rainfall condition starting end if the rainfall is not stopped, acquiring three rainfall parameters, generating corrected real-time rainfall parameters, and comparing the corrected real-time rainfall parameters with the corrected rainfall forecasting parameters every 20 minutes;
When the parameters of the distributed small weather station and each sensor reach the alarm red line, the system enters a disaster prevention working condition;
4) Disaster prevention working conditions: under the working condition, the system starts various related emergency monitoring devices, regulation facilities and actuators according to disaster prevention working conditions;
after the disaster prevention working condition is started for 20 minutes, comparing parameters of a weather station and each sensor with an alarm red line, returning the system to the beginning end of the rainfall working condition to operate when each parameter is reduced below the alarm red line, and further sending out an emergency lifting pump truck with filtering to a water accumulation point to perform emergency lifting and starting a rain Hong Shengguang alarm when each parameter still reaches or exceeds the alarm red line; and when each parameter is lower than the alarm red line, the system also returns to the beginning operation of the rainfall condition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810737821.1A CN109164509B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810737821.1A CN109164509B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109164509A CN109164509A (en) | 2019-01-08 |
| CN109164509B true CN109164509B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
Family
ID=64897436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810737821.1A Active CN109164509B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109164509B (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110205897A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-06 | 长安大学 | Storm water man- agement system and management method towards sponge urban water-through road surface |
| CN110262424A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of plumbing intelligence cloud system applied to machine shop |
| CN110439061A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of rain water collecting system and collection method based on Internet of Things |
| CN110472887B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | River water quality influence analysis method by river basin pipe network-river channel model coupled rainfall |
| CN110570126B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2022-05-10 | 福州大学 | Real-time scheduling method of rainwater storage facility based on real-time meteorological information |
| CN110531684B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-11-03 | 苏州南师大科技园投资管理有限公司 | Remote hydrological monitoring system |
| CN110849415B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-06-29 | 中交天航港湾建设工程有限公司 | Rainfall point location arrangement and monitoring system and method |
| CN110852526B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-08-04 | 南京中禹智慧水利研究院有限公司 | Real-time flood forecasting method based on rain and flood process similarity discrimination |
| CN111122824A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 四川大学 | Soil moisture content monitoring system |
| CN111382838A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-07-07 | 南宁市勘察测绘地理信息院 | Urban liquid level elevation waterlogging prediction method, device and equipment |
| CN111476976A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-31 | 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 | Dynamic analysis system for reservoir rainstorm early warning threshold |
| CN112052561A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-08 | 上海市水务规划设计研究院(上海市海洋规划设计研究院) | Method for formulating waterlogging prevention emergency plan of drainage system |
| CN112144605A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽林海园林绿化股份有限公司 | Ecological rainwater storage system and conveying method thereof |
| CN113064219B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2023-04-07 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Microclimate element synchronous acquisition device and method and electronic equipment |
| CN113420967B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-04-26 | 上海城投水务(集团)有限公司 | Urban water supply pipe network operation evaluation method based on prediction |
| CN113566880A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Urban ponding early warning system and method |
| CN113919806B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-07-19 | 昆仑(重庆)河湖生态研究院(有限合伙) | Flood control and disaster relief management system |
| CN114460256A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-10 | 深圳天澄科工水系统工程有限公司 | Water pollution diagnosis method based on satellite image analysis |
| CN114631453B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-03-14 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Movable artificial rainfall simulation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle platform |
| CN115200559B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-02-06 | 珠江水文水资源勘测中心 | System for monitoring river channel by unmanned aerial vehicle and using method thereof |
| CN117288269B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-30 | 四川交通职业技术学院 | Intelligent monitoring system and method for urban road landscape quality |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006030013A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Foundation Of River & Basin Integrated Communications Japan | Nationwide combined radar rainfall information providing system |
| CN203720380U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏振邦智慧城市信息系统有限公司 | Mobile hydrology meteorology monitoring and compass positioning communication and alarm device |
| CN208488559U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-02-12 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | A kind of wisdom storm-water system monitored based on Runoff Simulation and multisensor |
-
2018
- 2018-07-06 CN CN201810737821.1A patent/CN109164509B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006030013A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Foundation Of River & Basin Integrated Communications Japan | Nationwide combined radar rainfall information providing system |
| CN203720380U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏振邦智慧城市信息系统有限公司 | Mobile hydrology meteorology monitoring and compass positioning communication and alarm device |
| CN208488559U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-02-12 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | A kind of wisdom storm-water system monitored based on Runoff Simulation and multisensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109164509A (en) | 2019-01-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109164509B (en) | Intelligent rainwater system based on runoff simulation and multi-sensor monitoring and operation method | |
| Xiao et al. | Hydrologic processes at the urban residential scale | |
| CN103628560B (en) | A kind of dam control device and control method with memory function | |
| CN104111091A (en) | Debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system and debris flow early warning system | |
| CN114252128B (en) | Underground pipe gallery water inflow monitoring and early warning system and method | |
| KR102140058B1 (en) | Reduction system of scattering fine dust using urban water circulation terminal | |
| CN112116229A (en) | Drainage basin water quality scheduling management method, system and platform | |
| KR101836914B1 (en) | The Discharge and Water Quality Monitoring System for Performance Evaluation in Unit Block LID Facility | |
| JP2007146638A (en) | Rainwater storage facility | |
| CN106996135A (en) | A kind of intelligent peak rain-water accumulating heat-extraction system and method based on city integrated piping lane | |
| CN111898911A (en) | Drainage waterlogging prevention emergency scheme design system | |
| CN116096973A (en) | Irrigation and drainage device and/or water storage device, preferably for managing water, in particular irrigation (greenhouses) and/or plants | |
| JP2009108537A (en) | Rainwater storage facility | |
| CN111765934A (en) | Drainage pipe flow monitoring device | |
| CN206019727U (en) | A kind of contactless floss hole flow monitoring device | |
| JP2009235872A (en) | Method for flood regulation and water utilization, and rainwater storage facility used for the method | |
| JPS5919367B2 (en) | rainwater drainage system | |
| CN208488559U (en) | A kind of wisdom storm-water system monitored based on Runoff Simulation and multisensor | |
| JP2009102820A (en) | Rainwater storage facility | |
| Dierkes et al. | Pollution retention of different permeable pavements with reservoir structure at high hydraulic loads | |
| CN109098267B (en) | Mountain building complex rainwater prevention, control and utilization system and method based on GIS | |
| Maruya | Design of rainwater harvesting for a residential building in composite climate | |
| CN210322734U (en) | Urban outdoor green road cold plate testing device | |
| CN113566880A (en) | Urban ponding early warning system and method | |
| Ahmed et al. | Field monitoring of physical processes in stormwater wet ponds and wetlands in Calgary Alberta |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |