CN113919806B - Flood control and disaster relief management system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a flood control and relief management system, which comprises a drainage basin water level monitor, a water body substance identification module and a sampling management module, wherein the drainage basin water level monitor, the water body substance identification module and the sampling management module are in communication connection with a control center. Furthermore, the control center can follow up with field inspectors in time, carry out point-by-point inspection on suspected pollution source areas, track and trace the source, find and make strategies in time to block leakage points of the pollution source, prevent pollution expansion, reduce the environmental management difficulty after the disaster, facilitate the rework and the production as soon as possible after the disaster, and reduce the economic loss caused by the disaster; meanwhile, the influence on the physical and psychological health of people caused by the damage of the ecological environment is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural disaster early warning management, in particular to a flood control and relief management system.
Background
Flood is the most common natural disaster on earth, affecting the lives of thousands of people worldwide, with losses of about 100 billion dollars per year. Flood disasters threaten the life safety of human beings, engulf life, destroy buildings, roads, bridges, submerge farmlands and villages, and after flood subsides, reconstruction and restoration of the ecological environment are also quite huge workload, especially when flood disasters occur, because flood destroys factory buildings and facilities and equipment, a large number of pollution sources can be leaked due to flood disasters for some heavy pollution enterprises, such as heavy metals, high toxicity, radioactive hazards and other high pollutants, which undoubtedly brings great challenges to the work of restoring the ecological environment, influences the normal production and life of citizens, and prolongs the urban repeated production cycle. Therefore, in the first time of flood disaster, if the water body pollution condition can be effectively monitored in time, when a heavy pollution leakage event occurs, related departments can be guided to timely develop rescue measures, influence expansion is avoided, if tracing can be timely carried out, the pollution source can be directly stopped from being continuously emitted, and the method has great significance for reconstruction work after the flood disaster.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flood control and disaster relief management system, which mainly solves the technical problems that: the water body pollution condition can be effectively monitored in time at the first time of flood disaster, and post-disaster reconstruction can be guided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a flood control and disaster relief management system, which comprises a drainage basin water level monitor, a water body substance identification module and a sampling management module, wherein the drainage basin water level monitor, the water body substance identification module and the sampling management module are in communication connection with a control center, and the control center comprises a large-screen display billboard; the watershed water level monitor comprises water level gauges and a wireless transmission module, wherein the water level gauges are arranged at different positions of a monitored watershed to detect the watershed water level value and send the watershed water level value to a control center in real time through the wireless transmission module; the water body substance identification module is used for acquiring a water surface hyperspectral image and analyzing and monitoring pollutants contained in the water body; the sampling management module is used for acquiring geographical position information of a polluted area when the water substance identification module detects that the water body is polluted, setting a flight destination of the unmanned aerial vehicle, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to go to the destination to collect a water sample, automatically sending the water sample to the water quality detection center to detect water pollutants, and sending a detection result to the control center in real time by the water quality detection center.
Optionally, the flood control and disaster relief management system further includes: and the flood prediction module is used for acquiring the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the next week and carrying out flood early warning on the next week.
Optionally, the flood prediction module includes:
the system comprises a first data acquisition module, a second data acquisition module and a third data acquisition module, wherein the first data acquisition module is used for acquiring historical flood data of an area to be forecasted, and the historical flood data comprises the accumulated rainfall of the next week before a flood occurs and the runoff variation of the next week; dividing historical flood data into a flood season and a non-flood season according to the flood occurrence time;
the second data acquisition module is used for acquiring the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the future one week and the current average runoff and determining whether the current area belongs to the flood season or not;
the data processing module is used for calculating the difference between the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation in the week before the flood disaster occurs in each flood season group if the flood season belongs to the flood season; if not, calculating the difference value of the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation of the last week before the flood disaster occurs to the non-flood season group every time; selecting target historical flood data with precipitation difference values meeting preset threshold values; drawing a variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation based on the variation of the runoff in the vicinity of the target historical flood data before the flood occurs; fitting the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the next week according to the variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation to obtain the target runoff variation; calculating the sum of the target runoff variation and the current average runoff to serve as the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week;
And the early warning module is used for determining a target flood grade corresponding to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the next week based on the preset mapping relation between the drainage basin average runoff and the flood grade, and performing early warning when the target flood grade exceeds the set disaster grade.
Optionally, the flood prediction module further includes:
the third data acquisition module is used for acquiring a satellite remote sensing image of the area to be forecasted;
and the image processing module is used for determining the height of the water level of the drainage basin according to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week, determining the area submerged by the drainage basin in the satellite remote sensing image based on the height of the water level of the drainage basin, and performing marking display.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the flood control and relief management system comprises a basin water level monitor, a water body substance identification module and a sampling management module which are in communication connection with a control center, wherein the control center comprises a large-screen display billboard; the watershed water level monitor comprises water level meters and a wireless transmission module, wherein the water level meters are arranged at different positions of a monitored watershed to detect the watershed water level value and send the watershed water level value to the control center in real time through the wireless transmission module; the water body substance identification module is used for acquiring a hyperspectral image of the water surface and analyzing and monitoring pollutants contained in the water body; the sampling management module is used for acquiring geographical position information of a polluted area when the water substance identification module detects that the water body is polluted, setting a flight destination of the unmanned aerial vehicle, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to go to the destination to collect water body samples, automatically sending the water body samples to the water quality detection center to detect water body pollutants, and sending detection results to the control center in real time by the water quality detection center. When flood disasters occur, the control center staff can know the flood disasters in a whole disc, visually display the watershed water level condition and the water quality condition in real time, and identify the pollution source area by marking. Furthermore, the control center can follow up with field inspectors in time, carry out point-by-point inspection on suspected pollution source areas, track and trace the source, find and make strategies in time to block leakage points of the pollution source, prevent pollution expansion, reduce the environmental management difficulty after the disaster, facilitate the rework and the production as soon as possible after the disaster, and reduce the economic loss caused by the disaster; meanwhile, the influence on the physical and psychological health of people caused by the damage of the ecological environment is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flood control and disaster relief management system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another flood control and disaster relief management system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a variation curve of runoff variation with accumulated precipitation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in order to solve the problems of untimely monitoring of flood pollution, difficult post-disaster reconstruction and weight loss, the embodiment provides a flood control and relief management system, please refer to fig. 1, which includes a basin water level monitor 20, a water substance identification module 30 and a sampling management module 40, which are in communication connection with a control center 10, wherein the control center 10 includes a large-screen display panel 11; the basin water level monitor 20 comprises a water level gauge 21 and a wireless transmission module 22, wherein the water level gauge 21 is arranged at different positions of a monitored basin so as to detect the basin water level value and send the detected basin water level value to the control center 10 in real time through the wireless transmission module 22; the water body substance identification module 30 is used for collecting a water surface hyperspectral image and analyzing and monitoring pollutants contained in the water body; sampling management module 40 is used for when water material identification module 30 detects that the water has the pollution, acquires pollution area geographical position information, sets up unmanned aerial vehicle flight destination, and control unmanned aerial vehicle goes to the destination and carries out water sample collection to automatically, send to the water quality testing center and carry out water pollutant and detect, the water quality testing center sends the testing result for control center 10 in real time.
The control center 10 is arranged in the center of a monitoring room of a related department, and a worker checks the large-screen display billboard 11 for 24 hours, so that the first time of disaster occurrence is ensured to be timely handled.
The wireless transmission module 22 is used for transmitting the water level value data of the water level meter 21 and other related information, including but not limited to the coding, setting position, located basin section bit, etc. of the water level meter 21. The wireless transmission module 22 may specifically be a mobile communication module, such as a 4G, 5G, or 6G wireless data transmission module.
The water substance identification module 30 is used for acquiring a water surface hyperspectral image, and analyzing and identifying the types of pollutants contained in the water body based on the water surface hyperspectral image, including but not limited to analyzing and monitoring the turbidity of the water body, permanganate, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, and monitoring whether other pollution sources discharge pollution on the spot or leakage of pollution caused by disasters is detected in real time, so that the rescue and supervision are accurately performed conveniently. It should be noted that the water substance identification module 30 may adopt any existing module that can identify the water substance based on the hyperspectral image, and is not limited thereto.
Based on the water substance identification module 30, the system can roughly analyze and monitor to obtain a suspected pollutant area, and in order to improve the accuracy of water quality detection, the system carries out on-site sampling through the sampling management module 40 and sends the sampling to a detection center for laboratory water quality detection. Specifically, through acquireing polluted area geographical position information, set up unmanned aerial vehicle flight destination, control unmanned aerial vehicle goes to the destination and carries out water sample collection. It should be understood that, set up sample collection system on unmanned aerial vehicle, for example the sampling tube is taken a sample and is gathered, can adopt current arbitrary water sample collection system, does not do the restriction to this. Only need control unmanned aerial vehicle and surface of water distance, guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle flight safety can.
After the unmanned aerial vehicle finishes collecting the water body sample, the water body sample can be sent to a nearest detection center in time for water quality detection.
The water quality detection center needs to send a detection result to the control center in time after detection is completed, the control center is guaranteed to obtain the water condition in the first time, anti-pollution diffusion measures are made in time, and further expansion of pollutants is avoided.
In order to make emergency measures in advance, reduce the related loss caused by flood, and know the occurrence probability of flood in advance, it is very important to forecast the occurrence condition of flood. In order to solve the above problem, the flood control and relief management system of the present invention further includes a flood prediction module 50, please refer to fig. 2, where the flood prediction module 50 is configured to obtain cumulative precipitation forecast data of a future week, and perform flood early warning on the future week.
Specifically, the flood prediction module 50 includes:
the first data acquisition module 51 is configured to acquire historical flood data of an area to be forecasted, where the historical flood data includes an accumulated precipitation of a next week before a flood occurs and a runoff variation of the next week; and dividing historical flood data into two groups of flood season and non-flood season according to the flood occurrence time.
The historical flood data of each region can be obtained through flood record documents of drainage areas of various provinces in China, and is not limited specifically. The flood data includes, but is not limited to, the flood occurrence location, the occurrence time, the end time, the runoff volume, the disaster damage, and other specific situations. Similarly, the precipitation/runoff can be obtained through the historical literature data of the precipitation/runoff of each basin, and the cumulative precipitation and runoff in the next week before the flood occurs are obtained based on the flood occurrence period. It should be understood that cumulative precipitation is the sum of the precipitation per day of the last week; the change amount of the runoff in the near week is based on the difference value between the runoff amount corresponding to the first day of the near week and the runoff amount corresponding to the last day.
The flood season refers to the time of the regular water level rising in rivers and lakes due to seasonal precipitation, ice melting and snow melting in watershed. The river basin where the area to be forecasted is located divides flood generation periods into flood periods and non-flood periods, so that the influence of flood generation time on a forecasting result is avoided, and forecasting accuracy is improved. Flood seasons of various watersheds in China are roughly divided as follows: zhujiang river basin: 4-9 months, Yangtze river basin: 5-10 months, Huaihe river basin: 6-9 months, yellow river valley: 6-10 months, sea river basin: 6-9 months, Liaohe river basin: 6-9 months, Songhua river basin: and 6-9 months, and the rest months are the non-flood period. The specific division conditions and different watersheds correspond to different flood seasons, and this embodiment does not limit this.
The second data obtaining module 52 is configured to obtain the cumulative precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in a week in the future and the current average runoff, and determine whether the current area belongs to the flood season.
Precipitation forecast data may be obtained based on various weather bureau centers, including but not limited to the chinese weather bureau, the european weather bureau, the united states weather bureau, and the like. The current average runoff of the area to be forecasted can be obtained through actually measured data.
The data processing module 53 is configured to, if the flood season belongs to, perform difference calculation between the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation in a week immediately before the flood disaster occurs in each flood season group; if not, calculating the difference value of the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation of the last week before the flood disaster occurs to the non-flood season group every time; selecting target historical flood data with precipitation difference values meeting preset threshold values; drawing a variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation based on the variation of the runoff in the vicinity of the target historical flood data before the flood occurs; fitting the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the next week according to the variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation to obtain the target runoff variation; and calculating the sum of the target runoff variation and the current average runoff to serve as the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week.
After the flood season time of each basin is obtained, whether the flood season is present or not can be determined according to the basin to which the area to be forecasted belongs and the current period.
And (3) calculating the difference between the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the future one week and the accumulated precipitation in the current week before each flood in the flood season group, so as to obtain a historical precipitation sample similar to the current historical precipitation sample by screening, forecast the probability of the future possible flood based on the data of the similar historical sample, and improve the forecasting precision.
The historical flood data are divided into flood periods and non-flood periods to provide two groups of historical samples, and the runoff of the drainage basin in different periods is predicted respectively, so that the influence of flood occurrence time on a prediction result is avoided, and the prediction precision is improved.
Precipitation (precipitation) is the depth of accumulation on the water surface of liquid or solid (after melting) water falling from the sky to the ground in a certain time without evaporation, penetration or loss. In mm. In this embodiment, the preset threshold may be flexibly set based on actual requirements, for example [ -1mm, +1mm ], [ -5mm, +5mm ], and the like.
Assuming that there are 3 historical flood data satisfying the preset threshold, which are runoff variation R1 (whose cumulative precipitation is P1 corresponding to the last week), runoff variation R2 (whose cumulative precipitation is P2 corresponding to the last week), and runoff variation R3 (whose cumulative precipitation is P3 corresponding to the last week), please refer to fig. 3; and connecting lines based on the runoff change quantity values, and then smoothing the connected straight lines to obtain a change curve of the runoff change quantity along with the accumulated precipitation. In other embodiments of the present invention, the manner of drawing the variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation may be other manners, and is not limited thereto.
Optionally, according to a variation curve of the drawn runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation and the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the next week, the corresponding runoff variation, that is, the target runoff variation, may be uniquely determined, and if the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the next week is P, the target runoff variation may be uniquely determined as R, please refer to fig. 3.
And summing the target runoff variable quantity obtained by forecasting and the current actual average runoff quantity of the area to be forecasted to obtain a runoff forecast value which is possibly approached in the future week so as to realize runoff forecasting.
The early warning module 54 is configured to determine a target flood level corresponding to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week based on a mapping relationship between the preset drainage basin average runoff and the flood level, and perform early warning when the target flood level exceeds the set disaster level.
In this embodiment, it should be understood that when the precipitation amount is increased, the runoff amount is generally increased, and as the runoff amount is increased, the water amount is too large and is uncontrollable, and the probability of flood disaster is higher; by presetting the mapping relation between the basin average runoff and the flood grade, the flood grade corresponding to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week can be determined, wherein the flood grade is the target flood grade, and therefore the flood danger condition can be forecasted according to the runoff condition.
The preset mapping relationship between the average runoff rate of the drainage basin and the flood level can be flexibly set based on actual conditions, please refer to table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Mean runoff r | Flood grade |
| r＜r1 | Low risk |
| r1≤r≤r2 | Middle risk |
| r2＜r | High risk |
The set disaster grade can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and the setting is not limited. For example, a disaster level is set to "high risk".
In other embodiments of the present invention, please continue to refer to fig. 2, the flood prediction module 50 further includes:
the third data acquisition module 55 is configured to acquire a satellite remote sensing image of the area to be forecasted;
the image processing module 56 is used for determining the height of the water level of the drainage basin according to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week, determining the area submerged by the drainage basin in the satellite remote sensing image based on the height of the water level of the drainage basin, and performing marking display.
The flood control and disaster relief management system comprises a basin water level monitor, a water body substance identification module and a sampling management module which are in communication connection with a control center, wherein the control center comprises a large-screen display billboard; the basin water level monitor comprises water level meters and a wireless transmission module, wherein the water level meters are arranged at different positions of a monitored basin to detect the basin water level value and send the basin water level value to the control center in real time through the wireless transmission module; the water body substance identification module is used for acquiring a water surface hyperspectral image and analyzing and monitoring pollutants contained in the water body; the sampling management module is used for acquiring geographical position information of a polluted area when the water substance identification module detects that the water body is polluted, setting a flight destination of the unmanned aerial vehicle, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to go to the destination to collect water body samples, automatically sending the water body samples to the water quality detection center to detect water body pollutants, and sending detection results to the control center in real time by the water quality detection center. When flood disaster occurs, the control center staff can know the flood disaster situation in a whole disc, visually display the basin water level situation and the water quality situation in real time, and identify the pollution source area by marking. Furthermore, the control center can follow up with field inspectors in time, carry out point-by-point inspection on suspected pollution source areas, track and trace the source, find and make strategies in time to block leakage points of the pollution source, prevent pollution expansion, reduce the environmental management difficulty after the disaster, facilitate the rework and the production as soon as possible after the disaster, and reduce the economic loss caused by the disaster; meanwhile, the influence on the physical and psychological health of people caused by the damage of the ecological environment is avoided.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized in a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored on a computer storage medium (ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) for execution by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated as individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments thereof, and it is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments thereof. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to belong to the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A flood control and relief management system is characterized by comprising a basin water level monitor, a water body substance identification module and a sampling management module which are in communication connection with a control center,
wherein the control center comprises a large-screen display billboard;
the basin water level monitor comprises water level meters and a wireless transmission module, wherein the water level meters are arranged at different positions of a monitored basin to detect the basin water level value and send the basin water level value to a control center in real time through the wireless transmission module;
the water body substance identification module is used for acquiring a water surface hyperspectral image and analyzing and monitoring pollutants contained in the water body;
the sampling management module is used for acquiring geographical position information of a polluted area when the water substance identification module detects that the water body is polluted, setting a flight destination of the unmanned aerial vehicle, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to go to the destination for collecting a water body sample, automatically sending the water body sample to a water quality detection center for detecting water body pollutants, and sending a detection result to the control center in real time by the water quality detection center;
the flood control and relief management system further comprises a flood prediction module, wherein the flood prediction module comprises:
the system comprises a first data acquisition module, a second data acquisition module and a third data acquisition module, wherein the first data acquisition module is used for acquiring historical flood data of an area to be forecasted, and the historical flood data comprises the accumulated rainfall of the next week before a flood occurs and the runoff variation of the next week; dividing historical flood data into two groups, namely flood period and non-flood period according to the flood occurrence time;
The second data acquisition module is used for acquiring the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the future one week and the current average runoff and determining whether the current area belongs to the flood season or not;
the data processing module is used for calculating the difference between the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation in the week before the flood disaster occurs in each flood season group if the flood season belongs to the flood season; if not, calculating the difference value of the accumulated precipitation forecast data and the accumulated precipitation of the last week before the flood disaster occurs to the non-flood season group every time;
selecting target historical flood data with precipitation difference values meeting a preset threshold value;
calculating the variation of the runoff of the near circle before the flood occurs based on the target historical flood data, and drawing a variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation;
fitting the accumulated precipitation forecast data of the area to be forecasted in the next week according to the variation curve of the runoff variation along with the accumulated precipitation to obtain the target runoff variation;
calculating the sum of the target runoff variation and the current average runoff, and taking the sum as the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week;
and the early warning module is used for determining a target flood grade corresponding to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week based on the preset mapping relation between the basin average runoff and the flood grade, and performing early warning when the target flood grade exceeds the set disaster grade.
2. The flood protection and relief management system according to claim 1, wherein said flood prediction module further comprises:
the third data acquisition module is used for acquiring a satellite remote sensing image of the area to be forecasted;
and the image processing module is used for determining the height of the water level of the drainage basin according to the average runoff of the area to be forecasted in the future week, determining the area submerged by the drainage basin in the satellite remote sensing image based on the height of the water area of the drainage basin, and performing marking display.
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| CN105868837A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-08-17 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | Early-warning method for multi-level rain resistance ability of medium and small basins |
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| CN108647454A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-12 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Basin synthetic disaster information processing method based on hydrological simulation and system |
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