JP2009144282A - Synthetic keratin fiber and method for producing synthetic keratin fiber - Google Patents
Synthetic keratin fiber and method for producing synthetic keratin fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ウィッグ、ヘアーピース、ブレード、エクステンションヘアー、ドールヘアー等の頭髪装飾製品、織物、不織布に用いられる新規な人工ケラチン繊維に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a novel artificial keratin fiber used for hair decoration products such as wigs, hair pieces, blades, extension hairs, doll hairs, woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics.
人毛や羊毛などは全てケラチンと呼ばれる蛋白質からなり、これらの動物毛からなる繊維は、形状を保持して加工して、例えば頭髪装飾製品や衣料に広範に使用している。これらの動物由来のケラチン繊維は保温性や透湿性に優れ、光沢や風合いなどの意匠性に優れるばかりでなく、強度や耐熱性、難燃性などの物性にも優れることから日常生活で広範に使用されている。しかし、動物毛として産出された繊維の形状を作り変えることはあまり行われていない。また、ケラチン繊維のもととなるケラチン蛋白質は、動物毛のほかに羽毛や哺乳類の爪や亀の甲羅などからも得られるが、これを原料にして人工的に繊維化することは行われていない。 Human hair, wool and the like are all made of a protein called keratin, and these animal hair fibers are processed while maintaining their shape, and are widely used, for example, in hair ornaments and clothing. These animal-derived keratin fibers are not only excellent in heat retention and moisture permeability, but also excellent in design properties such as luster and texture, as well as in physical properties such as strength, heat resistance, and flame retardance, so they are widely used in daily life. in use. However, it has not been done so much to reshape the fiber produced as animal hair. In addition to animal hair, keratin protein, which is the basis of keratin fibers, can be obtained from feathers, mammalian nails, turtle shells, etc., but it has not been artificially converted into fiber. .
ケラチン蛋白質を水溶液化して抽出することは化粧品などへの応用を目的に古くから行われており、ケラチン蛋白質を還元処理して水溶液として抽出し、透析によって精製すると共に不溶化による析出を防止することを主体とするケラチン水溶液の製造方法（例えば、特許文献１を参照。）が提案されている。
人毛や羊毛などの動物毛は、ケラチン蛋白質に起因する、複層的らせん構造やキューティクル構造を有している。これらの動物毛は、毛を構成する繊維の断面形状が一定であり、用途が制約され、動物毛の入手源も制限されている。 Animal hair such as human hair and wool has a multi-layered helical structure or cuticle structure caused by keratin protein. In these animal hairs, the cross-sectional shape of the fibers constituting the hair is constant, the use is restricted, and the source of animal hair is also restricted.
本発明は、ケラチン蛋白質を溶液化して溶液紡糸することで、人毛や動物毛と風合いが近似した人工ケラチン繊維を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial keratin fiber having a texture similar to that of human hair or animal hair by solution-spinning a keratin protein.
即ち、本発明は以下の要旨を有する。 That is, the present invention has the following gist.
（１）還元ケラチン溶液を溶液紡糸して得られる人工ケラチン繊維。
（２）還元ケラチン溶液がケラチン蛋白質を還元して溶液化したものである前記（１）に記載の人工ケラチン繊維。
（３）ケラチン蛋白質が羽毛である前記（１）又は（２）に記載の人工ケラチン繊維。
（４）前記（１）〜（３）のいずれか一項に記載の人工ケラチン繊維を用いた頭髪装飾製品。
（５）前記（１）〜（３）のいずれか一項に記載の人工ケラチン繊維を用いた織物。
（６）前記（１）〜（３）のいずれか一項に記載の人工ケラチン繊維を用いた不織布。
（７）還元ケラチン溶液を溶液紡糸する人工ケラチン繊維の製造方法。
（８）溶液紡糸が酸化反応を伴うものである前記（７）に記載の人工ケラチン繊維の製造方法。
（９）ケラチン蛋白質を５０〜３００℃の水共存状態で還元処理する前記（７）又は（８）に記載の人工ケラチン繊維の製造方法。
(1) Artificial keratin fibers obtained by solution spinning a reduced keratin solution.
(2) The artificial keratin fiber according to (1), wherein the reduced keratin solution is a solution obtained by reducing keratin protein.
(3) The artificial keratin fiber according to (1) or (2), wherein the keratin protein is feathers.
(4) A hair ornament product using the artificial keratin fiber according to any one of (1) to (3).
(5) A woven fabric using the artificial keratin fiber according to any one of (1) to (3).
(6) A non-woven fabric using the artificial keratin fiber according to any one of (1) to (3).
(7) A method for producing an artificial keratin fiber, in which a reduced keratin solution is solution-spun.
(8) The method for producing an artificial keratin fiber according to (7), wherein the solution spinning is accompanied by an oxidation reaction.
(9) The method for producing an artificial keratin fiber according to (7) or (8), wherein the keratin protein is subjected to a reduction treatment in the presence of water at 50 to 300 ° C.
本発明によれば、人毛や動物毛と風合いや特性が近似した人工ケラチン繊維を容易に得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain an artificial keratin fiber having a texture and characteristics similar to those of human hair and animal hair.
本発明の人工ケラチン繊維は、ケラチン蛋白質を溶液化した還元ケラチン溶液を溶液紡糸することで、人毛や動物毛と風合いが近似した人工ケラチン繊維が得られることを見出した。本発明は、鳥類の羽毛や哺乳類の動物毛などのケラチン蛋白質を還元反応によって架橋結合を一時的に切断して溶液化して抽出し、これを酸化反応による架橋結合の再生成によって溶液紡糸し、新規な人工ケラチン繊維を得るものである。ケラチン蛋白質は羽毛や動物毛の構成材料として広く大量に存在する蛋白質である。該ケラチン蛋白質は、アミノ酸成分としてシスチンを他の蛋白質と比べて１０倍以上含有する。該シスチンは、Ｓ−Ｓ結合によって二量化して、該ケラチン蛋白質分子の主鎖を架橋する結合となる。該ケラチン蛋白質は多くの架橋結合により不溶不融である。 It has been found that the artificial keratin fibers of the present invention can be obtained by solution spinning a reduced keratin solution in which a keratin protein is made into a solution to obtain an artificial keratin fiber having a texture similar to that of human hair or animal hair. In the present invention, keratin proteins such as bird feathers and mammalian animal hairs are extracted by temporarily cleaving the crosslinks by reduction to form a solution, and spinning the solution by regenerating the crosslinks by an oxidation reaction. A novel artificial keratin fiber is obtained. Keratin protein is a protein present in large quantities as a constituent material of feathers and animal hair. The keratin protein contains cystine as an amino acid component more than 10 times compared to other proteins. The cystine is dimerized by an S—S bond and becomes a bond that crosslinks the main chain of the keratin protein molecule. The keratin protein is insoluble and infusible due to many crosslinks.
前記Ｓ−Ｓ結合は還元反応によって２つのＳ−Ｈ結合となり、これを利用して頭髪のパーマネント加工などが行われる。また、羽毛や動物毛を水中で還元反応すると水溶液中に抽出できる。 The S—S bond is converted into two S—H bonds by a reduction reaction, and permanent hair processing or the like is performed using the S—S bond. In addition, feathers and animal hair can be extracted into an aqueous solution by a reduction reaction in water.
還元ケラチン溶液は、例えば特公平７−３７４８０号公報に記載されたケラチン水溶液のように鳥類の羽毛や爪、山羊、羊、馬、牛などの哺乳類の動物毛などのケラチン蛋白質を含有する生物由来の原料を、例えばチオグリコール酸、メルカプトエタノール、メルカプトプロピオン酸などの水溶性チオール化合物；トリブチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン等のホスフィン系化合物；亜硫酸水素ナトリウムやチオ硫酸ナトリウムやロンガリット（ナトリウムホルムアルデヒドスルフォキシレート又はＳＦＳ）、ハイドロイサルファイト（亜二チオン酸ナトリウム）、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムなどの無機化合物；ブドウ糖や果糖、乳糖や異性化糖などの還元糖、などの還元剤によって水が共存する状態で反応させることによって製造できる。 The reduced keratin solution is derived from an organism containing a keratin protein such as animal hair of mammals such as bird feathers and claws, goats, sheep, horses, cows, and the like, for example, as a keratin aqueous solution described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-37480. For example, water-soluble thiol compounds such as thioglycolic acid, mercaptoethanol and mercaptopropionic acid; phosphine compounds such as tributylphosphine and triphenylphosphine; sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate and Rongalite (sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate) Or SFS), hydroisulphite (sodium dithionite), sodium borohydride and other inorganic compounds; glucose, fructose, reducing sugars such as lactose and isomerized sugar, etc. Can be manufactured by .
前記還元剤の量は、ケラチン蛋白質を含有する原料１０ｇに対して０．０１〜１モル、好ましくは０．０５〜０．５モル、特に好ましくは０．１〜０．２５モルの範囲である。還元剤が、ケラチン蛋白質を含有する原料１０ｇに対して０．０１モル未満であると、抽出される還元ケラチンの量が少なくなる場合がある。一方、還元剤が、ケラチン蛋白質を含有する原料１０ｇに対して１モルを超えると、還元剤が多くなりすぎる場合がある。 The amount of the reducing agent is in the range of 0.01 to 1 mol, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mol, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.25 mol, based on 10 g of the raw material containing keratin protein. . If the reducing agent is less than 0.01 mol with respect to 10 g of the raw material containing keratin protein, the amount of extracted reduced keratin may be reduced. On the other hand, when the reducing agent exceeds 1 mol with respect to 10 g of the raw material containing the keratin protein, the reducing agent may be excessively increased.
還元反応は通常水が共存する状態で行われるが、還元反応に安定な界面活性剤が共存する状態で行われることも可能である。前記界面活性剤としては、カルボン酸類、アルコール類、ケトン類、エステル類、エーテル類、アミド類などの有機溶剤、長鎖脂肪酸や長鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸のナトリウム塩やカリウム塩、アンモニウム塩などのアニオン系や長鎖アルキル基を持つポリエーテルなどのノニオン系などの界面活性剤が挙げられる。しかし、これらに限定されるものではない。 The reduction reaction is usually carried out in the presence of water, but it can also be carried out in the presence of a surfactant that is stable to the reduction reaction. Examples of the surfactant include organic solvents such as carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, amides, anions such as sodium salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts of long chain fatty acids and long chain alkylbenzene sulfonic acids. And nonionic surfactants such as polyethers having a long chain alkyl group. However, it is not limited to these.
本発明において、還元反応は加温して行うことが好ましい。還元反応温度は５０〜３００℃、好ましくは７０〜２５０℃、特に好ましくは１００〜２００℃である。該反応温度が５０℃未満であると、該還元反応が遅くなって回収されケラチン蛋白質が減少する場合がある。一方、該反応温度が３００℃を超えると、加水分解による分子切断が多くなりケラチン蛋白質が劣化する場合がある。 In the present invention, the reduction reaction is preferably performed by heating. The reduction reaction temperature is 50 to 300 ° C, preferably 70 to 250 ° C, particularly preferably 100 to 200 ° C. If the reaction temperature is less than 50 ° C., the reduction reaction may be delayed and recovered and the keratin protein may be reduced. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature exceeds 300 ° C., molecular cleavage due to hydrolysis increases and the keratin protein may deteriorate.
本発明において、ケラチン蛋白質を溶液化した還元ケラチン溶液は、溶液紡糸によってケラチン繊維として繊維化される。溶液紡糸とは溶液状の繊維原料を連続的に細いノズルから押し出した直後不溶化させて細長い線状とする繊維の製造法である。前記不溶化の方法としては、溶媒を蒸発させる、異なる溶媒を加えて析出させる、架橋結合を形成させる、及び結晶化させるなどの方法がある。本発明において、前記方法から選ばれる１種または２種以上の方法が使用できる。前記ケラチン繊維は酸化反応によって新たな架橋結合を形成させることが好ましい。前記溶液紡糸において酸化反応を起こすには、これに限定されるものではないが、ノズルから押し出された還元ケラチン溶液を、酸化剤を含む液中に投入する方法がある。酸化反応による架橋結合形成で溶液化していたケラチン成分を不溶化させることも可能だが、酸化剤を含む液をケラチン成分が析出するものを用いることが特に好ましい。 In the present invention, the reduced keratin solution in which the keratin protein is made into a solution is fiberized as keratin fibers by solution spinning. Solution spinning is a process for producing fibers that are insolubilized into straight and straight lines immediately after a solution-like fiber raw material is extruded from a thin nozzle. Examples of the insolubilization method include evaporation of a solvent, precipitation by adding a different solvent, formation of a cross-linking bond, and crystallization. In the present invention, one or two or more methods selected from the above methods can be used. The keratin fibers are preferably formed with a new cross-linked bond by an oxidation reaction. In order to cause an oxidation reaction in the solution spinning, there is a method for introducing the reduced keratin solution pushed out from a nozzle into a liquid containing an oxidizing agent. Although it is possible to insolubilize the keratin component that has been in solution by forming a cross-linking bond by an oxidation reaction, it is particularly preferable to use a solution containing an oxidant from which the keratin component is precipitated.
本発明で用いることができる酸化剤としては特に限定されるものではなく、一般的に用いられる公知の酸化剤を用いることができる。具体的には、過酸化水素、次亜塩素酸、過塩素酸、過硫酸、硝酸及びそのナトリウムやカリウムなどの塩などの水溶性酸化剤；酸素、オゾンなどの酸化性気体；ｔ−ブチルハイドロパーオキシド、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、クメンハイドロパーオキシド、ラウロイルパーオキシドなどの有機過酸化物などが挙げられる。なかでも、酸化反応後の洗浄やコスト等などから水溶性の酸化剤が好ましく、特に過酸化水素、又は、ｔ−ブチルハイドロパーオキシドが好ましい。 The oxidizing agent that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a commonly used known oxidizing agent can be used. Specifically, water-soluble oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, perchloric acid, persulfuric acid, nitric acid and salts thereof such as sodium and potassium; oxidizing gases such as oxygen and ozone; t-butyl hydro Examples thereof include organic peroxides such as peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, lauroyl peroxide. Of these, a water-soluble oxidizing agent is preferable from the viewpoint of washing after the oxidation reaction, cost, and the like, and hydrogen peroxide or t-butyl hydroperoxide is particularly preferable.
本発明の人工ケラチン繊維とは、天然に産出されたケラチンの配列構造が溶液化によって完全に解消され、繊維状構造に再配列されたものである。基本的にケラチン蛋白質の分子構造において、架橋結合は切ったり繋いだりするが、一方で架橋結合の分子構造は変化させないことが好ましい。架橋結合以外は維持されることが好ましい。また、ケラチン蛋白質の原料が人毛や羊毛のような繊維上であっても、溶液化して再び繊維状に成型される場合も人工ケラチン繊維に含まれる。 The artificial keratin fibers of the present invention are those in which the arrangement structure of naturally produced keratin is completely eliminated by solution and rearranged into a fibrous structure. Basically, in the molecular structure of keratin protein, the cross-linking is cut or connected, but it is preferable that the molecular structure of the cross-linking is not changed. It is preferable to maintain other than cross-linking. Further, even if the raw material of keratin protein is on fibers such as human hair and wool, the case where the raw material is made into a solution after being made into a solution is also included in the artificial keratin fiber.
本発明において用いることができるケラチン蛋白質の原料は、鳥類の羽毛や爪、嘴、哺乳類の毛や爪、皮膚、亀類の甲羅などが含まれるが、養鶏産業などで大量に廃棄され、有効利用が困難とされている鳥類の羽毛が好ましく、特に羽毛の枝部分が特に好ましい。 The raw materials of keratin protein that can be used in the present invention include bird feathers and claws, moths, mammalian hair and claws, skin, turtle shells, etc., but they are discarded in large quantities in the poultry industry and effectively used. The feathers of birds that are difficult to handle are preferable, and the branch part of the feathers is particularly preferable.
本発明における頭髪装飾製品、衣料、及び不織布とは、一般的に使用されている繊維加工製品を示す。頭髪装飾製品は、男性用、女性用を問わず全体頭髪装飾製品、部分頭髪装飾製品、及び付け毛など、個人本人の頭髪とは異なる装着頭髪を示す。また、衣料とは上着、下着など全て含み、手袋や靴下など部分的に身体に装着されるものを包含する。不織布は、布とは異なり、バインダーや熱圧処理によって繊維を平面化させたものを含む。前記人工ケラチン繊維から、頭髪装飾製品、衣料、及び不織布を製造する方法については特に限定されない。 The hair ornament product, clothing, and nonwoven fabric in the present invention refer to a fiber processed product that is generally used. The hair ornament product shows a worn hair different from the individual's own hair, such as a whole hair ornament product, a partial hair ornament product, and a fleece, regardless of whether it is for men or women. In addition, clothing includes all items such as outerwear and underwear, and includes clothing that is partially worn on the body, such as gloves and socks. Unlike cloth, non-woven fabric includes a material in which fibers are planarized by a binder or hot-press treatment. There is no particular limitation on the method for producing a hair ornament product, clothing, and nonwoven fabric from the artificial keratin fiber.
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
（実施例１）
メラノ種の乾燥羊毛１０ｇ、イオン交換水５０ｇ、チオ硫酸ナトリウム１ｇを１００ｍｌのステンレス製オートクレーブに入れ、減圧／窒素導入による窒素置換を３回行った後に密封した。これを１７５℃に加熱したオイルバス中に１０分入れて取り出した。室温まで冷却して開封したところ、羊毛は完全に形状が崩れていた。内容物を３００メッシュの金網で濾過し、還元ケラチンを１３重量％含む水溶液を４５ｇ得た。この水溶液を内径１ｍｍの針を装着したシリンジに入れ、３０％過酸化水素と工業用エタノールの１：５の混合液中に連続的に滴下して巻き取り、紡糸した。これを８０℃の恒温槽で乾燥しながら２倍に延伸した。更に１００℃の恒温槽中で１時間定長アニールし、６．３ｇのケラチン繊維を得た。得られた繊維は、引っ張り破断伸び６０％、破断強度２９０Ｎ／ｍｍ２、繊度５０ｄｔｅｘと、人毛（引っ張り破断伸び４５％、破断強度３２０Ｎ／ｍｍ２）に近い数値が得られた。また、光沢、感触なども人毛と類似していた。
Example 1
10 g of dried melano wool, 50 g of ion-exchanged water, and 1 g of sodium thiosulfate were placed in a 100 ml stainless steel autoclave and subjected to nitrogen substitution by reducing pressure / introducing nitrogen three times, followed by sealing. This was taken out for 10 minutes in an oil bath heated to 175 ° C. When it was opened after cooling to room temperature, the wool was completely broken. The contents were filtered through a 300-mesh wire mesh to obtain 45 g of an aqueous solution containing 13% by weight of reduced keratin. This aqueous solution was placed in a syringe equipped with a needle having an inner diameter of 1 mm, and continuously dropped into a 1: 5 mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and industrial ethanol, wound up and spun. This was stretched twice while drying in a constant temperature bath at 80 ° C. Furthermore, constant-length annealing was performed in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain 6.3 g of keratin fibers. The obtained fiber had a tensile breaking elongation of 60%, a breaking strength of 290 N / mm 2 , a fineness of 50 dtex, and values close to human hair (tensile breaking elongation of 45%, breaking strength of 320 N / mm 2 ). In addition, gloss and feel were similar to human hair.
（実施例２）
実施例１において、羊毛の代わりにブロイラーの乾燥羽毛１０ｇを用いて同様の操作を行った。この結果、還元ケラチンを１２重量％含む水溶液が４７ｇ得られ、溶液紡糸、乾燥・延伸、アニールの結果５．９ｇのケラチン繊維を得た。光沢、感触、などは実施例１とほぼ同様だったが、繊度５０ｄｔｅｘ、断伸び６５％、破断強度２８０Ｎ／ｍｍ２となった。
(Example 2)
In Example 1, the same operation was performed using 10 g of dried broiler feathers instead of wool. As a result, 47 g of an aqueous solution containing 12% by weight of reduced keratin was obtained, and 5.9 g of keratin fiber was obtained as a result of solution spinning, drying / drawing and annealing. The gloss, feel, etc. were almost the same as in Example 1, but the fineness was 50 dtex, the breaking elongation was 65%, and the breaking strength was 280 N / mm 2 .
本発明の人工ケラチン繊維は、頭髪装飾製品、衣料、及び不織布に好適に用いることができる。
The artificial keratin fiber of the present invention can be suitably used for hair decoration products, clothing, and nonwoven fabrics.
Claims (9)
The method for producing artificial keratin fibers according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the keratin protein is subjected to a reduction treatment in the presence of water at 50 to 300 ° C.
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| CN102230237A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-02 | 张很文 | Poultry feather protein viscose silk and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2012193462A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-10-11 | Artnature Co Ltd | Method of dyeing hair for wig, and method of manufacturing wig |
| CN102839441A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-26 | 天津工业大学 | High-elasticity keratin regenerated fiber and preparation method thereof |
| KR20150132562A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2015-11-25 | 엔.오.엠. 코팅스 시아 | Composition of artificial hair and production method thereof |
| CN108642588A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-10-12 | 宜宾惠美纤维新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the feather protein liquid being suitable for manufacturing feather protein fiber |
| WO2018207827A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Ｓｐｉｂｅｒ株式会社 | Polypeptide solution, production method for polypeptide fibre, and artificial polypeptide |
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| CN102839441B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-10-22 | 天津工业大学 | High-elasticity keratin regenerated fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108642588B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-12-11 | 宜宾惠美纤维新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of feather protein liquid suitable for manufacturing feather protein fibers |
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