JP2009085446A - Absorption type water cooler/heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption type water cooler/heater capable of improving COP in a partial load operation by preventing the deterioration of partial load performance caused by the intrusion of refrigerant vapor produced by a high-temperature regenerator into a heat exchanger by a simple constitution, when an operation of the absorption type water cooler/heater is performed in a state of lowering a cooling load to be smaller than a design value. <P>SOLUTION: The problem can be solved by using the absorption type water cooler/heater wherein an absorbent pipe 9 connected with an intermediate absorbent reservoir 40 is disposed in a state of extending to an inner upper part of the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40 by a prescribed length L, and a float valve 44 operated to be opened and closed by the change of a liquid level 43 of an intermediate absorbent in the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40 is disposed at the tip 42 of the absorbing pipe 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorption chiller / heater, and more specifically, an absorption chiller / warm water that can selectively supply cold water that performs a cooling operation such as cooling and hot water that performs a heating operation such as heating. Related to the machine.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a double-effect absorption chiller / heater that circulates and supplies conventional cold water or hot water to a load (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Water is used as the refrigerant, and an aqueous lithium bromide (LiBr) solution is used as the absorbing solution.

  In FIG. 2, 1 is a high temperature regenerator equipped with a gas burner 1B, 2 is a low temperature regenerator, 3 is a condenser, 4 is an evaporator, 5 is an absorber, 6 is a low temperature heat exchanger, 7 is a high temperature heat exchanger, 8 to 11 are absorption liquid pipes, 13 is an absorption liquid pump, 14 to 18 are refrigerant pipes, 19 is a refrigerant pump, 21 is a cold / hot water pipe through which cold water or hot water supplied to a cooling / heating load (not shown) flows, and 22 is cold / hot water. Pump 23, cooling water pipe 24, concentrated absorption liquid pipe 25, pressure equalizing pipe 25, open / close valve 26-29, 40 intermediate absorption liquid reservoir provided adjacent to high temperature regenerator 1, high temperature regenerator 1 The intermediate absorption liquid produced in step 1 is supplied to the low temperature regenerator 2 through the absorption liquid pipe 9 connected to the bottom 41 of the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40 and heated with the refrigerant vapor produced in the high temperature regenerator 1 to further evaporate the refrigerant. Separating and getting refrigerant vapor and concentrated absorbent from the intermediate absorbent That.

  When the absorption chiller / hot water machine is operated, the chilled water cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant in the heat transfer pipe 21 </ b> A piped inside the evaporator 4 is passed through the chilled / hot water pipe 21 by the operation of the chilled / hot water pump 22. Since it can be circulated and supplied to a cooling / heating load (not shown), a cooling operation can be performed.

However, when the cooling load (not shown) is small and the absorption chiller / heater is operated by reducing the load below the design value, so-called partial load operation is performed, the absorption liquid pipe 13 is operated by the operation of the absorption liquid pump 13. Therefore, the amount of the rare absorbent supplied to the high temperature regenerator 1 from the low temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature heat exchanger 7 through the low temperature heat exchanger 6 is reduced, so that the intermediate absorption stored in the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40 is obtained. The amount of liquid also decreases, the liquid level decreases to the bottom 41 or lower, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator 1 enters the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40, and the absorption liquid pipe 9 connected to the bottom 41 is connected. After that, it is supplied to the high temperature heat exchanger 7. When the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, there arises a problem that the heat exchange rate is lowered and the partial load performance is lowered.
Therefore, in the past, the amount of rare absorbent supplied to the high-temperature regenerator 1 is set to a certain value (design value), the absorption chiller / heater is operated above the design value, and the absorption type is reduced to less than the design value. The cold water heater was not operated.
JP 2000-227263 A Japanese Patent No. 3187878

  The object of the present invention is to carry out the operation of the absorption chiller / heater with the cooling load lower than the design value, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator enters the heat exchanger to perform partial load performance. As a result, the COP at the time of partial load operation can be improved, and cold water that performs cooling operations such as cooling and hot water that performs heating operations such as heating are selected. It is providing the absorption-type cold / hot water machine which can be supplied automatically.

An absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a method of heating a rare absorbent that has absorbed a refrigerant to evaporate and separate the refrigerant, and to remove refrigerant vapor and an intermediate absorbent from the rare absorbent. With high temperature regenerator to get,
The intermediate absorption liquid generated in the high temperature regenerator is supplied through an absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and the intermediate absorption liquid generated in the high temperature regenerator is further heated to produce refrigerant vapor and concentrated absorption liquid. And a low temperature regenerator to get
A refrigerant liquid flowing from the high-temperature regenerator through the refrigerant pipe and a condenser for cooling the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator to obtain a refrigerant liquid;
An evaporator in which the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser is sprayed on a heat transfer tube, heat is taken from the fluid flowing through the heat transfer tube, and the refrigerant evaporates.
In an absorption chiller / heater equipped with an absorber that absorbs refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into a concentrated absorbent supplied from the low-temperature regenerator to form a rare absorbent and supplies the refrigerant to at least the high-temperature regenerator ,
An absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is installed to extend a predetermined length above the inside of the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and the liquid level of the intermediate absorption liquid in the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is at the tip thereof. A float valve that opens and closes by being actuated by a change is installed.

The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 2 of the present invention is the absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1.
The intermediate absorbing liquid reservoir is provided adjacent to the high temperature regenerator.

  In the absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1 of the present invention, the absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is installed extending a predetermined length above the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and its tip The float valve that opens and closes when the liquid level of the intermediate absorption liquid in the intermediate absorption liquid pool is opened and closed is installed, so when operating the absorption chiller / heater with the cooling load lower than the design value. Even in the case of (partial load operation of the absorption chiller / heater), the float valve moves up and down according to the amount of the intermediate absorbent stored in the intermediate absorbent reservoir, that is, as the liquid level rises and falls, When the liquid level is lowered and the amount of intermediate absorbent stored in the intermediate absorbent pool is reduced, the float valve is lowered and the tip of the absorbent pipe extended into the intermediate absorbent pool is closed. The refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator flows through the absorption pipe and enters the heat of the high-temperature heat exchanger. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the partial load characteristics of the absorption chiller / heater from deteriorating, and as a result, the COP during partial load operation can be improved and the refrigerant vapor does not enter the high temperature heat exchanger. Therefore, there is a remarkable effect that the durability of the high temperature heat exchanger can be improved.

  The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 2 of the present invention is the absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is provided adjacent to the high-temperature regenerator. Since the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is provided adjacent to the high-temperature regenerator, the apparatus itself can be simplified and downsized, and the heat can be effectively used, so that the COP can be further improved. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a double-effect absorption chiller / heater that circulates and supplies cold water or hot water of the present invention to a load. Water is used as the refrigerant, and an aqueous lithium bromide (LiBr) solution is used as the absorbing solution.

In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 have the same functions as the same reference numerals described in FIG.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a high temperature regenerator equipped with a gas burner 1B, 2 is a low temperature regenerator, 3 is a condenser, 4 is an evaporator, 5 is an absorber, 6 is a low temperature heat exchanger, 7 is a high temperature heat exchanger, 8 to 11 are absorption liquid pipes, 13 is an absorption liquid pump, 14 to 18 are refrigerant pipes, 19 is a refrigerant pump, 21 is a cold / hot water pipe through which cold water or hot water supplied to a cooling / heating load (not shown) flows, and 22 is cold / hot water. A pump, 23 is a cooling water pipe, 24 is a concentrated absorption liquid pipe, 25 is a pressure equalizing pipe, and 26 to 29 are on-off valves. These devices are connected by piping as shown in FIG.

  In the dual effect absorption chiller / heater configured as described above, the on-off valves 26, 27, 28, and 29 are closed, the cooling water is supplied to the cooling water pipe 23, the gas burner 1B is ignited, and the high temperature regenerator 1 Is heated, the refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated from the rare absorption liquid and the intermediate absorption liquid in which the concentration of the absorption liquid is increased by separating the refrigerant vapor are obtained.

  The high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 enters the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the refrigerant pipe 14, and is generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 7 via the high-temperature heat exchanger 7. The intermediate absorption liquid that has entered the condenser 2 is heated and condensed by heat dissipation, and enters the condenser 3.

  Further, the refrigerant heated by the low-temperature regenerator 2 and evaporated and separated from the intermediate absorption liquid enters the condenser 3, heat-exchanges with the water flowing in the cooling water pipe 23 to be condensed and liquefied, and condensed and supplied from the refrigerant pipe 14. The refrigerant enters the evaporator 4 through the refrigerant pipe 16 together with the refrigerant.

  The refrigerant liquid that has entered the evaporator 4 and accumulated in the refrigerant liquid reservoir is sprayed by the refrigerant pump 19 on the heat transfer pipe 21 </ b> A connected to the cold / hot water pipe 21, and exchanges heat with the water supplied through the cold / hot water pipe 21. The water flowing through the heat transfer tube 21A is cooled.

  Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 4 enters the absorber 5 and is heated in the low-temperature regenerator 2 to evaporate and separate the refrigerant, so that the absorption liquid having a further increased concentration of the absorption liquid, that is, the low-temperature heat exchange by the absorption liquid pipe 10. It is supplied via the vessel 6 and absorbed by the concentrated absorbent dispersed from above.

  Absorbing liquid whose concentration has been reduced by absorbing the refrigerant in the absorber 5, that is, the rare absorbing liquid, is transferred to the high temperature regenerator 1 via the low temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature heat exchanger 7 by the operation of the absorption liquid pump 13. It is sent from the absorption liquid pipe 8.

  When the absorption chiller / hot water machine is operated as described above, the chilled water pipe 21, which is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant in the heat transfer pipe 21 </ b> A piped inside the evaporator 4, is operated by the chilled water pump 22. Since it can be circulated and supplied to a cooling / heating load (not shown), cooling operation or the like can be performed.

  On the other hand, when the on-off valves 26, 27, 28, and 29 are opened to ignite the gas burner 1 B without flowing cooling water through the cooling water pipe 23 and the high temperature regenerator 1 heats the rare absorbent, the high temperature regenerator 1 The refrigerant evaporated from the refrigerant enters the absorber 5 and the evaporator 4 mainly through the refrigerant pipes 14 and 15 having a low flow resistance, and is condensed by exchanging heat with the water supplied from the cold / hot water pipe 21 through the heat transfer pipe 21A. And the water which flows through the inside of the heat exchanger tube 21A is mainly heated by the condensation heat at this time.

The refrigerant condensed by the heating action in the evaporator 4 enters the absorber 5 through the refrigerant pipes 17 and 18 and is mixed with the absorbing liquid flowing in from the absorbing liquid pipe 11 by evaporating and separating the refrigerant in the high temperature regenerator 1. Then, it is sent to the high temperature regenerator 1 through the low temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature heat exchanger 7 by the operation of the absorption liquid pump 13.
In this example, the refrigerant condensed by performing the heating operation in the evaporator 4 is configured to enter the absorber 5 through the refrigerant pipes 17 and 18. However, the refrigerant is condensed by performing the heating operation in the evaporator 4. Thus, the refrigerant accumulated in the refrigerant liquid reservoir may overflow into the refrigerant liquid reservoir and enter the absorber 5.

  The hot water heated by the heat transfer pipe 21A inside the evaporator 4 is circulated and supplied to the cooling / heating load (not shown) through the cold / hot water pipe 21 by the operation of the cold / hot water pump 22 to perform a heating operation or the like.

  Even if the cooling water stagnating in the cooling water pipe 23 is heated by the absorber 5, the on-off valve 29 of the pressure equalizing pipe 25 can be opened and the pressure can be released. It will not be unusually high.

  C is a controller provided in the dual-effect absorption chiller / heater having the above-described operation function, and is configured to include a microcomputer, a storage means, etc., and circulates and supplies chilled / warm water to a cooling / heating load (not shown). The temperature information of the cold / warm water flowing out from the heat transfer pipe 21A of the evaporator 4 is taken into the cold / hot water pipe 21 to be taken from the temperature sensor 30 provided on the outlet side of the evaporator 4 of the cold / warm water pipe 21, A capacity control function for controlling the amount of heat input to the high-temperature regenerator 1 by adjusting the opening of a heating amount control valve (not shown) connected to the gas burner 1B so that the temperature is maintained at a predetermined set temperature. At the same time, by controlling the operation of the absorption liquid pump 13, the circulation amount of the rare absorption liquid supplied from the absorption liquid pipe 8 to the high temperature regenerator 1 via the low temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature heat exchanger 7 is optimized. Control function for rare absorbent circulation rate It is provided.

In the absorption chiller / heater of the present invention, the absorption liquid pipe 9 connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40 is installed extending a predetermined length L from the bottom 41 of the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40 to the inside and upward, A seesaw type float valve 44 that is opened and closed by the change of the liquid level 43 of the intermediate absorbent in the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40 is installed at the tip 42.
In the figure, 45 is a weir of the high-temperature regenerator 1, 46 is a weight, and 47 is a float. The figure schematically shows a state in which the float valve 44 is fully opened.

L is preferably determined so as to be between the lower limit value and the upper limit value so that the intermediate absorption liquid stored in the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 40 becomes an optimum amount.
Usually, the lower limit value of L is such that the weight 46 does not hit the bottom 41 of the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40 when the float valve 44 is fully opened as shown in the figure, and the upper limit value of L is as shown in the figure. Further, the value is set such that the level 43 of the intermediate absorbing liquid in the intermediate absorbing liquid reservoir 40 is lower than the height of the dam portion 41 of the intermediate absorbing liquid reservoir 40 when the float valve 44 is fully opened.

  The float valve 44 to be used can withstand the temperature and pressure to be used, as long as it can be stably used for a long time without being damaged by water vapor or an intermediate absorbing solution, and a known one can also be used.

  Since the float valve 44 having such a configuration is installed, even when the absorption chiller / heater is operated with the cooling load lower than the design value (partial load operation of the absorption chiller / heater), The float valve 44 moves up and down in accordance with the amount of the intermediate absorbent stored in the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40, that is, in accordance with the rise and fall of the liquid level 43, and the liquid level 43 is lowered to the intermediate absorbent. When the amount of the intermediate absorbent stored in the reservoir 40 decreases, the float valve 44 descends and closes the tip 42 of the absorbent liquid pipe 9 extending into the intermediate absorbent reservoir 40. The refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 flows through the absorption pipe 9 and enters the high-temperature heat exchanger 7 to prevent the partial load characteristics of the absorption chiller / heater from deteriorating, and the partial load operation COP at the time can be improved, and the refrigerant vapor is high. Does not penetrate into the heat exchanger 7, it is possible to improve the durability of the hot heat exchanger 7.

  The description of the above embodiment is for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the invention described in the claims or reduce the scope. Moreover, each part structure of this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the technical scope as described in a claim.

  In the absorption chiller / heater of the present invention, an absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is installed to extend a predetermined length above the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is disposed at the tip thereof. A float valve that opens and closes when the liquid level of the intermediate absorption liquid is opened is installed. When operating the absorption chiller / heater with the cooling load lower than the design value (absorption chiller / warm water) Even in the partial load operation of the machine, the float valve moves up and down according to the amount of intermediate absorbing liquid accumulated in the intermediate absorbing liquid reservoir, that is, as the liquid level rises and falls, and the liquid level drops. When the amount of intermediate absorption liquid accumulated in the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir decreases, the float valve descends and the tip of the absorption liquid pipe extending into the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is closed, so it was generated by a high-temperature regenerator. Refrigerant vapor flows through the absorption pipe and enters the heat of the high-temperature heat exchanger. It is possible to prevent the partial load characteristics of the machine from being deteriorated, thereby improving the COP during partial load operation and preventing the refrigerant vapor from entering the high temperature heat exchanger. The industrial utility value is extremely large because it has a remarkable effect of improving the durability.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating typically an example of the absorption-type cold / hot water machine of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of the conventional absorption-type cold / hot water machine typically.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High temperature regenerator 1B Gas burner 2 Low temperature regenerator 3 Condenser 4 Evaporator 5 Absorber 6 Low temperature heat exchanger 7 High temperature heat exchanger 8-11 Absorbing liquid pipe 13 Absorbing liquid pump 14-18 Refrigerant pipe 19 Refrigerant pump 21 Cold / hot water pipe 22 Cold / Hot Water Pump 23 Cooling Water Pipe 24 Concentrated Absorbing Liquid Pipe 25 Pressure equalizing Pipe 26-29 On-off Valve 30 Temperature Sensor C Controller 40 Intermediate Absorbing Liquid Reservoir 41 Bottom 42 Tip 43 Liquid Level 44 Float Valve 45 Weir 46 Weight 47 Float

Claims (2)

A high-temperature regenerator that heats the rare absorbent that has absorbed the refrigerant to evaporate and separate the refrigerant, and obtains refrigerant vapor and an intermediate absorbent from the rare absorbent;
The intermediate absorption liquid generated in the high temperature regenerator is supplied through an absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and the intermediate absorption liquid generated in the high temperature regenerator is further heated to produce refrigerant vapor and concentrated absorption liquid. And a low temperature regenerator to get
A refrigerant liquid flowing from the high-temperature regenerator through the refrigerant pipe and a condenser for cooling the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator to obtain a refrigerant liquid;
An evaporator in which the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser is sprayed on a heat transfer tube, heat is taken from the fluid flowing through the heat transfer tube, and the refrigerant evaporates.
In an absorption chiller / heater equipped with an absorber that absorbs refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into a concentrated absorbent supplied from the low-temperature regenerator to form a rare absorbent and supplies the refrigerant to at least the high-temperature regenerator ,
An absorption liquid pipe connected to the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is installed to extend a predetermined length above the inside of the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir, and the liquid level of the intermediate absorption liquid in the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is at the tip thereof. Absorption type chiller / heater characterized by a float valve that opens and closes when operated by change.   2. The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir is provided adjacent to the high temperature regenerator.

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