JP2009001722A - 炭化水素油の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009001722A JP2009001722A JP2007165543A JP2007165543A JP2009001722A JP 2009001722 A JP2009001722 A JP 2009001722A JP 2007165543 A JP2007165543 A JP 2007165543A JP 2007165543 A JP2007165543 A JP 2007165543A JP 2009001722 A JP2009001722 A JP 2009001722A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- reaction zone
- hydrocarbon
- producing
- mass
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Abstract
【解決手段】第1の反応帯域において、水素及び第1の水素化触媒の存在下、含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する原料油について酸素分除去率が5〜80質量%となるように水素化脱酸素及び水素化異性化を行い、第1の生成油を得る。次いで、第1の反応帯域と直列に配置された第2の反応帯域において、水素及び第2の水素化触媒の存在下、第1の工程で得られた第1の生成油について水素化脱酸素を行い、炭化水素油を含有する第2の生成油を得る。
【選択図】なし
Description
(酸素分除去率[質量%])=[(処理後の酸素分含有量)/(処理前の酸素分含有量)]×100
本発明の炭化水素の製造方法においては、含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する原料油が用いられる。含酸素炭化水素化合物としては、動植物油由来の油脂成分が好適である。ここで、「動植物油由来の油脂成分」とは、天然の動植物油由来の油脂成分、これを分離・精製した油脂成分、あるいはこれらを原料として化学的転換により生産、製造される油脂誘導体をいい、さらにこれらとこれらの製品性能を維持、向上させる目的で添加される成分との組成物を包含する。
本発明の炭化水素の製造方法における第1の工程は、第1の反応帯域において、水素及び第1の水素化触媒の存在下、含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する原料油について酸素分除去率が5〜80質量%となるように水素化脱酸素及び水素化異性化を行い、第1の生成油を得る工程である。
<触媒A>
水ガラス3号をpH14でゲル化させた後、pH7で2時間熟成したスラリーに、硫酸ジルコニウム4水和物を含む水溶液を加え、さらにこのスラリーをpH7に調整してシリカジルコニア複合水酸化物を生成した。これに、硫酸アルミニウムを含む水溶液を加えてpH7とし、シリカジルコニアアルミナ複合水酸化物を生成した。このスラリーをろ過、洗浄し、加熱濃縮によって水分を調整した後に、押出し成型、乾燥、焼成を経て担体を得た。
濃度5質量%のアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液に水ガラス3号を加え、65℃に保温した容器に入れた。他方、65℃に保温した別の容器において濃度2.5質量%の硫酸アルミニウム水溶液にリン酸(濃度85%)を加えた溶液を調製し、これに前述のアルミン酸ナトリウムを含む水溶液を滴下した。混合溶液のpHが7.0になる時点を終点とし、得られたスラリー状の生成物をフィルターに通して濾取し、ケーキ状のスラリーを得た。
濃度5質量%のアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液に水ガラス3号を加え、65℃に保温した容器に入れた。他方、65℃に保温した別の容器において濃度2.5質量%の硫酸アルミニウム水溶液にリン酸(濃度85%)を加えた溶液を調製し、これに前述のアルミン酸ナトリウムを含む水溶液を滴下した。混合溶液のpHが7.0になる時点を終点とし、得られたスラリー状の生成物をフィルターに通して濾取し、ケーキ状のスラリーを得た。
触媒A(65ml)を充填した第1反応管(内径20mm)と、触媒C(35ml)を充填した第2反応管(内径20mm)を、第1反応管が上流側、第2反応管が下流側となるように直列に固定床流通式反応装置に取り付けた。なお、第1反応管及び第2反応管は、予め以下の前処理を行ってから反応装置に取り付けた。触媒Aを充填した第1反応管は、触媒層平均温度300℃、水素分圧6MPa、液空間速度1h−1、水素/油比200NL/Lの条件下で予備還元を行った。触媒Cを充填した第2反応管は、ジメチルジサルファイドを加えた直留軽油(硫黄分3質量%)を用いて触媒層平均温度300℃、水素分圧6MPa、液空間速度1h−1、水素/油比200NL/Lの条件下で、4時間触媒の予備硫化を行った。
第2反応管に充填する触媒を触媒Cとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、水素化処理を行った。反応条件の詳細及び生成物の分析結果を表2に示す。本実施例では、第1反応管における酸素分除去率は38.6質量%であった。
第1反応管の反応温度を370℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にして、水素化処理を行った。反応条件の詳細及び生成物の分析結果を表2に示す。本比較例では、第1反応管における酸素分除去率は92.1質量%であった。
第1反応管に触媒C35ml、第2反応管に触媒A65mlを充填し、第1反応管の触媒Cについて実施例1と同様の予備硫化を行い、第2反応管の触媒Aについて実施例1と同様の予備還元処理を行った。このようにして前処理が施された第1反応管及び第2反応管を、第1反応管が上流側、第2反応管が下流側となるように直列に固定床流通式反応装置に取り付けた。
第1反応管に触媒Cを100ml充填し、第2反応管に不活性充填剤としてセラミックボールを充填し、実施例1に記載の予備硫化処理を行った以外は実施例1と同様にして水素化処理を行った。反応条件の詳細と実験結果を表2に示す。
Claims (12)
- 第1の反応帯域において、水素及び第1の水素化触媒の存在下、含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する原料油について酸素分除去率が5〜80質量%となるように水素化脱酸素及び水素化異性化を行い、第1の生成油を得る第1の工程と、
前記第1の反応帯域と直列に配置された第2の反応帯域において、水素及び第2の水素化触媒の存在下、前記第1の工程で得られた第1の生成油について水素化脱酸素を行い、炭化水素油を含有する第2の生成油を得る第2の工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする炭化水素油の製造方法。 - 前記第2の生成油中の酸素分含有量が1質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記原料油の酸素分の含有量が、前記原料油の全量を基準として0.1〜15質量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記含酸素炭化水素化合物が動植物油に由来する油脂成分であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記含酸素炭化水素化合物に占めるトリグリセライド構造を有する化合物の割合が90モル%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第1の水素化触媒が、アルミニウム、ケイ素、ジルコニウム、ホウ素、チタン及びマグネシウムからなる群より選択される2種以上の元素を含んで構成される多孔性無機酸化物と、該多孔性無機酸化物に担持された1種以上の第VIII族金属元素と、を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第2の水素化触媒が、ケイ素、ジルコニウム、ホウ素、チタン及びマグネシウムからなる群より選択される1種又は2種以上の元素及びアルミニウムを含んで構成される多孔性無機酸化物と、該多孔性無機酸化物に担持された1種以上の周期律表第VIA族金属元素及び1種以上の第VIII族金属元素と、を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第2の水素化触媒に含まれる前記多孔性無機酸化物が、構成元素としてリンをさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項7記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第1の反応帯域の入口での前記原料油中の硫黄分含有量が1質量ppm未満であり、前記第2の反応帯域の入口での前記第1の生成油を含む全流体中の硫黄分含有量が1質量ppm以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第1の反応帯域と前記第2の反応帯域との間において、有機硫黄化合物及び/又は硫化水素を第1の生成油を含む流体に添加することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第1の反応帯域と前記第2の反応帯域との間において、実質的に硫化水素及び/又は水素以外の副生ガス成分を除去する工程を含まないことを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のうちのいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記第2の生成油に115℃で16時間酸素ガスを吹き込んだ後の酸価増加量が、酸素ガスを吹き込む前の酸価を基準として0.25mg−KOH/g以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のうちのいずれかに記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
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