JP2008520530A - 改質器の混合室及びそれを運転する方法 - Google Patents
改質器の混合室及びそれを運転する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008520530A JP2008520530A JP2007541667A JP2007541667A JP2008520530A JP 2008520530 A JP2008520530 A JP 2008520530A JP 2007541667 A JP2007541667 A JP 2007541667A JP 2007541667 A JP2007541667 A JP 2007541667A JP 2008520530 A JP2008520530 A JP 2008520530A
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- mixing chamber
- air mixture
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- component nozzle
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].O Chemical compound [O].O PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/918—Counter current flow, i.e. flows moving in opposite direction and colliding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
- B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1276—Mixing of different feed components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
- C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus
Abstract
Description
CnHm + n H2O → n CO + (m/2 + n) H2 ΔHR > 0
(水蒸気改質)
CnHm + n/2 O2 → m/2 H2 + n CO ΔHR< 0
(部分酸化)
メタンCH4(n = 1, m = 4)では反応式は以下の通りである:
CH4 + H2O → CO + 3 H2 ΔHR = +206 kJ/mol
CH4 + 0.5 O2 → CO + 2 H2 ΔHR = -35 kJ/mol
燃料の供給;
燃料の霧状化及び蒸発;
混合物の形成(空気−水蒸気流中の燃料濃度の均一化);
流速分布の均一化(流動速度のプロフィール)。
霧状化した燃料の完全蒸発には例えば空気及び/又は水蒸気の熱いガス状原料流によって供給される著しい熱が必要とされる。しかしながらある条件の下では、蒸発に必要なガス流温度が燃料の引火温度を超えるかもしれないことに注意することが重要である。
場合によっては、必要な熱は燃料の部分燃料によって又は外部過熱器を用いて混合室を加熱することによって提供してもよい。
Claims (12)
- 燃料が蒸発される、改質器用混合室を運転する方法において、
− 燃料−空気混合物を二成分用ノズルを通して混合室に供給し、
− 水蒸気−空気混合物を別の供給ラインを通して混合室に供給しそして
− 該燃料−空気混合物を該水蒸気−空気混合物と向流状態で流することを特徴とする、上記方法。 - 燃料−空気混合物を二成分用ノズルによって80℃〜150℃の温度に加熱する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 供給された水蒸気−空気混合物が350℃〜540℃の温度を有している、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 燃料−空気混合物を二成分用ノズルを通して混合室に軸方向に案内する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 燃料−空気混合物が0.41〜0.47の比で使用される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 水蒸気−空気混合物が1.7〜1.9の比で使用される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 水蒸気−空気混合物のための供給ライン及び燃料−空気混合物を供給するための二成分用ノズルを備えている改質器用混合室において、
a)混合室が回転対称形であり、
b)二成分用ノズルの流れ方向及び水蒸気−空気混合物用の供給ラインの流れ方向が軸方向を向いておりそして
c)二成分用ノズルの流れ方向及び水蒸気−空気混合物の供給ラインの流れ方向が互いに向かい合っている
ことを特徴とする、上記混合室。 - 円筒状形状を有する、請求項7に記載の混合室。
- 混合室の先細部分が二成分用ノズルの領域にある、請求項7または8に記載の混合室。
- 二成分用ノズルの流れ方向及び水蒸気−空気混合物の供給ラインの流れ方向が互いに180° ± 2°で向かい合っている、請求項7〜9のいずれか一つに記載の混合室。
- 燃料−空気混合物を供給するための二成分用ノズルが円筒状物の一方の末端に位置しておりその結果二成分用ノズルの流れ方向が円筒状物の軸に一致している、請求項7〜10のいずれか一つに記載の混合室。
- 水蒸気−空気混合物の供給ラインが側方から円筒状物の壁をほぼ垂直に通過しそして円筒状物の内側で二成分用ノズルに向って配向されている、請求項7〜11のいずれか一つに記載の混合室。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004055426A DE102004055426B4 (de) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Mischkammer für einen Reformer sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben |
DE102004055426.9 | 2004-11-17 | ||
PCT/DE2005/002043 WO2006053535A1 (de) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-11-12 | Mischkammer für einen reformer sowie verfahren zum betreiben derselben |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008520530A true JP2008520530A (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
JP2008520530A5 JP2008520530A5 (ja) | 2008-12-18 |
JP5205057B2 JP5205057B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 |
Family
ID=35708401
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2007541667A Active JP5205057B2 (ja) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-11-12 | 改質器の混合室及びそれを運転する方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080256859A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1812337B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5205057B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102004055426B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006053535A1 (ja) |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3297305A (en) * | 1957-08-14 | 1967-01-10 | Willie W Walden | Fluid mixing apparatus |
JPS6261629A (ja) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-18 | ウ−デ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | 合成ガスを造るための装置 |
JPH05306102A (ja) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-11-19 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 合成ガス製造装置 |
JPH10273302A (ja) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-13 | Sekiyu Sangyo Kasseika Center | 合成ガス製造装置 |
JP2001354402A (ja) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料改質装置 |
JP2002508733A (ja) * | 1997-04-25 | 2002-03-19 | エクソン リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | 合成ガスを生成するための複数のインジェクタ自熱改質方法および装置 |
JP2002523862A (ja) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-30 | インターナショナル フュエル セルズ,エルエルシー | 燃料電池電力設備の改質装置に液体炭化水素燃料を噴射するための方法と装置 |
JP2003137506A (ja) * | 2001-08-15 | 2003-05-14 | Sulzer Hexis Ag | 燃料、特に加熱油の改質方法 |
JP2003176104A (ja) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | 改質用混合気生成装置 |
JP2004018275A (ja) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 改質器用燃料混合器 |
JP2004116406A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Cosmo Oil Co Ltd | 液体燃料の気化方法 |
JP2005519011A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-06-30 | ベバスト テルモジスティーム ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 燃料および空気を反応させて改質ガスにするシステム |
JP2005294127A (ja) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-10-20 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
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DE1667628A1 (de) * | 1967-12-22 | 1972-03-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur thermisch-oxydierenden Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen |
DE2117236B2 (de) * | 1971-04-08 | 1974-02-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von methanarmen, Wasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid enthaltenden Gasen durch oxydierende Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen· |
JPS5081989A (ja) * | 1973-08-20 | 1975-07-03 | ||
IN170251B (ja) * | 1987-04-16 | 1992-03-07 | Luminis Pty Ltd | |
FR2648800B1 (fr) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-10-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Dispositif et procede de fabrication de gaz de synthese par combustion et son application |
DE19955929C2 (de) * | 1999-11-20 | 2002-04-18 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur autothermen Reformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs |
EP1284235A1 (de) * | 2001-08-15 | 2003-02-19 | Sulzer Hexis AG | Verfahren zum Reformieren von Brennstoffen, insbesondere Heizöl |
FR2838068B3 (fr) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-05-07 | Guy Marie Come | Procede et appareil pour la conversion de charges hydrocarbonees |
-
2004
- 2004-11-17 DE DE102004055426A patent/DE102004055426B4/de active Active
-
2005
- 2005-11-12 JP JP2007541667A patent/JP5205057B2/ja active Active
- 2005-11-12 WO PCT/DE2005/002043 patent/WO2006053535A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-11-12 EP EP05810928.1A patent/EP1812337B1/de active Active
- 2005-11-12 US US11/667,400 patent/US20080256859A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3297305A (en) * | 1957-08-14 | 1967-01-10 | Willie W Walden | Fluid mixing apparatus |
JPS6261629A (ja) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-18 | ウ−デ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | 合成ガスを造るための装置 |
JPH05306102A (ja) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-11-19 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 合成ガス製造装置 |
JPH10273302A (ja) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-13 | Sekiyu Sangyo Kasseika Center | 合成ガス製造装置 |
JP2002508733A (ja) * | 1997-04-25 | 2002-03-19 | エクソン リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | 合成ガスを生成するための複数のインジェクタ自熱改質方法および装置 |
JP2002523862A (ja) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-30 | インターナショナル フュエル セルズ,エルエルシー | 燃料電池電力設備の改質装置に液体炭化水素燃料を噴射するための方法と装置 |
JP2001354402A (ja) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料改質装置 |
JP2003137506A (ja) * | 2001-08-15 | 2003-05-14 | Sulzer Hexis Ag | 燃料、特に加熱油の改質方法 |
JP2003176104A (ja) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | 改質用混合気生成装置 |
JP2005519011A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-06-30 | ベバスト テルモジスティーム ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 燃料および空気を反応させて改質ガスにするシステム |
JP2004018275A (ja) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 改質器用燃料混合器 |
JP2004116406A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Cosmo Oil Co Ltd | 液体燃料の気化方法 |
JP2005294127A (ja) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-10-20 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004055426B4 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
JP5205057B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 |
EP1812337B1 (de) | 2017-01-18 |
WO2006053535A1 (de) | 2006-05-26 |
DE102004055426A1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
EP1812337A1 (de) | 2007-08-01 |
US20080256859A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
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