JP2008273749A - Artificial aggregate and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Artificial aggregate and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP2008273749A
JP2008273749A JP2006323189A JP2006323189A JP2008273749A JP 2008273749 A JP2008273749 A JP 2008273749A JP 2006323189 A JP2006323189 A JP 2006323189A JP 2006323189 A JP2006323189 A JP 2006323189A JP 2008273749 A JP2008273749 A JP 2008273749A
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raw material
reducing agent
chromium
ash
incineration ash
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Masaaki Noguchi
雅朗 野口
Hideki Wachi
秀樹 和知
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Taiheiyo Materials Corp
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Taiheiyo Materials Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
    • C04B2111/1075—Chromium-free or very low chromium-content materials
    • C04B2111/1081—Chromium VI, e.g. for avoiding chromium eczema
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial aggregate where the elution of chromium is satisfactorily reduced even when a waste raw material containing chromium is used, and its manufacturing method. <P>SOLUTION: When a waste comprising chromium-containing incineration ash or treated soil is used as a raw material, the waste is mixed with a granular reducing agent in such a manner that the resultant raw material mixture has a content of the reducing agent of 5-30 mass%, granulated and baked, to form an artificial aggregate having an elution amount of hexavalent chromium of 0.05 mg/L or less. Coal incineration ash, coke ash, heavy oil ash, garbage incineration ash, sewage sludge incineration ash, paper sludge incineration ash, waste plastics incineration ash or treated soil can be used as the chromium-containing incineration ash or the like. One or more of coal, coke, activated carbon, wood charcoal, plastics and refuse derived fuel (RDF) can be used as the reducing agent. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、クロムを含有する廃棄物原料を用いてもクロムの溶出量が少ない人工骨材とその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an artificial aggregate with a small amount of chromium elution even when a waste material containing chromium is used, and a method for producing the same.

人工骨材は、原料を粉砕し造粒して、ロータリーキルン等の焼成窯で焼成し、焼結させて製造される。原料としては頁岩等の天然資源が従来用いらているが、近年、廃棄物の有効利用を図る観点から、石炭灰等の廃棄物焼却灰が利用されている。しかし、廃棄物焼却灰等はクロムを含有していることがあり、原料中のクロムが六価クロムに酸化され、製造された人工骨材から土壌環境基準値を超える量の六価クロムが溶出する懸念がある。   Artificial aggregates are manufactured by pulverizing and granulating raw materials, firing in a firing kiln such as a rotary kiln, and sintering. As a raw material, natural resources such as shale have been used in the past, but in recent years, waste incineration ash such as coal ash has been used from the viewpoint of effective utilization of waste. However, waste incineration ash and the like may contain chromium, and chromium in the raw material is oxidized to hexavalent chromium, and the amount of hexavalent chromium that exceeds the soil environmental standard value is eluted from the manufactured artificial aggregate. There are concerns.

クロム含有原料を用いた場合の六価クロム低減方法として、可燃性物質(副燃料)を投入して炉内の酸素を燃焼消費させることによって低酸素雰囲気を形成してクロムの酸化を抑制する方法が知られている。具体的には、セメントの製造においては、ロータリーキルンで原料を約１４５０℃に焼成してクリンカーを形成させるが、原料として用いる廃棄物中のクロムが含有されている場合、キルンの最高温度になる位置から出口側の範囲、例えば、キルンのバーナの手前から可燃性物質を投入して低酸素雰囲気を形成し、クロムの酸化を抑制し、また原料中の六価クロムを三価クロムに還元する方法が知られている（特許文献１）。三価クロムは水に対して溶解度が低いので、セメントに含まれていても殆ど溶出せず、環境汚染を避けることができる。
特願平１１−１００２４４号公報 As a method of reducing hexavalent chromium when using chromium-containing raw materials, a method of suppressing the oxidation of chromium by forming a low oxygen atmosphere by injecting a combustible substance (sub fuel) and burning and consuming oxygen in the furnace. It has been known. Specifically, in the production of cement, a raw material is baked to about 1450 ° C. in a rotary kiln to form a clinker. However, when chromium in waste used as a raw material is contained, the position at which the kiln reaches its maximum temperature A method to reduce the oxidation of chromium and reduce hexavalent chromium in the raw material to trivalent chromium by introducing a flammable substance from the range from the outlet to the outlet side, for example, before the burner of the kiln to form a low oxygen atmosphere Is known (Patent Document 1). Since trivalent chromium has low solubility in water, it hardly dissolves even if it is contained in cement, and environmental pollution can be avoided.
Japanese Patent Application No. 11-1000024

副燃料を添加する上記方法は、副燃料を最初から原料に混合せずにキルン内の最高温度範囲に供給して酸化を抑制することを特徴としており、セメントの製造では原料を溶融状態にして焼成するためにクリンカー間の空間が少なく、この方法によって十分な酸化抑制効果が得られる。しかし、人工骨材の製造においては、粉末原料を造粒して焼成するため、骨材の間に隙間があり、その空間が広くなるために空気との接触面積が大きく酸化されやすく、セメント製造において副燃料を添加する上記焼成方法では還元効果が十分に得られない。   The above-mentioned method of adding the auxiliary fuel is characterized in that the auxiliary fuel is supplied to the maximum temperature range in the kiln without being mixed with the raw material from the beginning, and the oxidation is suppressed. Since there is little space between clinker for firing, a sufficient oxidation suppression effect can be obtained by this method. However, in the production of artificial aggregates, since the powder raw material is granulated and fired, there are gaps between the aggregates, and because the space is widened, the contact area with air is likely to be easily oxidized, producing cement. In the above baking method in which the auxiliary fuel is added, the reduction effect cannot be sufficiently obtained.

本発明は、人工骨材の製造における上記課題を解決したものであり、クロムを含有する原料を用いても十分にクロムの酸化を抑制して六価クロムの溶出量が少ない骨材を製造する方法、およびその人工骨材を提供する。   This invention solves the said subject in manufacture of an artificial aggregate, and even if it uses the raw material containing chromium, it suppresses oxidation of chromium enough and manufactures an aggregate with few elution amounts of hexavalent chromium. A method and its artificial aggregate are provided.

本発明は以下の構成からなる人工骨材およびその製造方法に関する。
（１）粉末原料に還元剤を加えて造粒し焼成してなる人工骨材であって、六価クロムの溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌ以下であることを特徴とする人工骨材。
（２）粉末原料がクロムを含有する焼却灰または処理土壌からなる廃棄物である上記(１)に記載する人工骨材。
（３）還元剤が顆粒状であり、炭化物燃料ないしプラスチックである上記(１)または上記(２)に記載する人工骨材。
（４）クロムを含有する焼却灰または処理土壌からなる廃棄物を原料として用い、顆粒状の還元剤を混合原料中５〜３０質量％になるように混合して造粒し、焼成することを特徴とする人工骨材の製造方法。
（５）原料として、クロム含有量１００ppm〜２０００ppmの石炭焼却灰、コークス灰、重油灰、ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰、製紙スラッジ焼却灰、廃プラスチック焼却灰、または処理土壌からなる廃棄物を用いる上記(４)に記載する製造方法。
（６）還元剤として、石炭、コークス、活性炭、木炭、プラスチック、ゴミ固形燃料(ＲＤＦ)の１種または２種以上を用いる上記(４)または上記(５)に記載する製造方法。
（７）還元剤として、８０質量％以上が粒径０.５〜３mmの顆粒状還元剤を用いる上記(４)〜上記(６)の何れかに記載する製造方法。 The present invention relates to an artificial bone material having the following configuration and a method for manufacturing the same.
(1) An artificial aggregate obtained by adding a reducing agent to a powder raw material, granulating and firing, wherein the elution amount of hexavalent chromium is 0.05 mg / L or less.
(2) The artificial bone material as described in (1) above, wherein the powder raw material is a waste made of incinerated ash containing chromium or treated soil.
(3) The artificial bone material as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the reducing agent is granular and is a carbide fuel or plastic.
(4) Using incinerated ash containing chromium or waste made of treated soil as a raw material, mixing and granulating a granular reducing agent so as to be 5 to 30% by mass in the mixed raw material, and firing. A method for producing an artificial aggregate as a feature.
(5) Coal incineration ash, coke ash, heavy oil ash, garbage incineration ash, sewage sludge incineration ash, paper sludge incineration ash, waste plastic incineration ash, or waste treated with treated soil as a raw material, with a chromium content of 100 ppm to 2000 ppm The manufacturing method as described in said (4) used.
(6) The production method according to (4) or (5) above, wherein one or more of coal, coke, activated carbon, charcoal, plastic, and solid waste fuel (RDF) is used as the reducing agent.
(7) The production method according to any one of (4) to (6) above, wherein a granular reducing agent having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm is used as the reducing agent.

本発明の人工骨材は、クロム含有原料を用いても、六価クロムの溶出量が土壌環境基準値（０.０５mg/Ｌ）以下であり、環境汚染を生じる虞が少ない。また、本発明の製造方法によれば、クロム含有廃棄物を原料としても、六価クロム溶出量が土壌環境基準値以下の人工骨材を製造することができるので、従来は利用することが出来なかった各種焼成灰や残土などの廃棄物を原料として有効に利用することができる。   In the artificial aggregate of the present invention, even when a chromium-containing raw material is used, the elution amount of hexavalent chromium is less than the soil environment standard value (0.05 mg / L), and there is little possibility of causing environmental pollution. Further, according to the production method of the present invention, even when chromium-containing waste is used as a raw material, an artificial aggregate having an elution amount of hexavalent chromium equal to or lower than the soil environment standard value can be produced. Wastes such as various calcined ash and residual soil that were not present can be used effectively as raw materials.

以下に本発明を実施例と共に具体的に説明する。
本発明の人工骨材は、粉末原料に還元剤を加えて造粒し焼成してなる人工骨材であって、六価クロムの溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌ以下であることを特徴とする。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described together with examples.
The artificial aggregate of the present invention is an artificial aggregate obtained by adding a reducing agent to a powder raw material, granulating and firing, wherein the elution amount of hexavalent chromium is 0.05 mg / L or less. .

本発明の人工骨材は、原料としてクロムを含有する焼却灰ないし処理土壌を用いることができる。具体的には、粉末原料として、クロム含有量１００ppm以上、好ましくは２０００ppm以下である焼却灰ないし処理土壌などを用いることができる。原料に含まれるクロム含有量が１００ppm以上でも、製造後の六価クロム溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌ以下の人工骨材を得ることができる。なお、原料のクロム含有量が２０００ppmより多いと、還元剤の添加量が多く必要になり、相対的に原料の使用量が減って製造後の骨材強度が低下する懸念が生じるので、原料のクロム含有量は２０００ppm以下が適当である。   The artificial aggregate of the present invention can use incinerated ash or treated soil containing chromium as a raw material. Specifically, incinerated ash or treated soil having a chromium content of 100 ppm or more, preferably 2000 ppm or less can be used as a powder raw material. Even if the chromium content contained in the raw material is 100 ppm or more, an artificial bone aggregate with a hexavalent chromium elution amount after production of 0.05 mg / L or less can be obtained. If the chromium content of the raw material is more than 2000 ppm, a large amount of reducing agent is required, and there is a concern that the amount of raw material used may be relatively reduced, resulting in a decrease in aggregate strength after production. The chromium content is suitably 2000 ppm or less.

原料として用いられる焼却灰は、石炭焼却灰、コークス灰、重油灰、ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰、製紙スラッジ焼却灰、、廃プラスチック焼却灰などを使用することができる。灰の粒径は平均粒径４４μ以下のものが好ましい。灰の粒径がこれより大きいと造粒し難くなる。   As the incineration ash used as a raw material, coal incineration ash, coke ash, heavy oil ash, garbage incineration ash, sewage sludge incineration ash, paper sludge incineration ash, waste plastic incineration ash, and the like can be used. The particle size of ash is preferably an average particle size of 44 μm or less. If the particle size of the ash is larger than this, granulation becomes difficult.

原料として用いられる処理土壌としては、建設残土や汚染土壌、あるいは浚渫土などを用いることができる。粒度はシルト質土壌が８０質量％以上含まれているものが好ましい。砂分が多いと造粒し難くなる。上記各種焼却灰および上記処理土壌は必要に応じて粉砕し、粉末原料とする。   As treated soil used as a raw material, construction residual soil, contaminated soil, dredged soil, or the like can be used. The particle size preferably contains 80% by mass or more of silty soil. Granulation becomes difficult when there is a lot of sand. The above-mentioned various incineration ash and the above-mentioned treated soil are pulverized as necessary to obtain powder raw materials.

上記粉末原料に還元剤を添加する。この還元剤は焼成温度下で還元効果を有するものであれば良く、例えば、可燃物が用いられる。具体的には、石炭、コークス、活性炭、木炭などの炭化物燃料、あるいはプラスチック、ゴミ固形燃料(ＲＤＦ)などであり、燃焼して還元ガスを発生するものが好ましい。これは１種または２種以上を用いることができる。   A reducing agent is added to the powder raw material. The reducing agent is not particularly limited as long as it has a reducing effect at the firing temperature. For example, a combustible material is used. Specifically, it is preferable to use carbide fuel such as coal, coke, activated carbon, charcoal, plastic, waste solid fuel (RDF), or the like that burns to generate a reducing gas. One or two or more of them can be used.

還元剤は、その８０質量％以上が粒径０.５〜３mmの顆粒状が好ましい。この粒径が０.５mmより小さいと、炉内最高温度の焼成域に移動する間に完全燃焼し、上記焼成域で還元効果が得られない。また、この粒径が３mmより大きいと、原料を造粒したときに造粒強度が低下し、造粒物が崩れやすくなる。   The reducing agent is preferably in the form of granules having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm with 80% by mass or more. If this particle size is smaller than 0.5 mm, complete combustion occurs while moving to the firing zone at the highest temperature in the furnace, and no reduction effect is obtained in the firing zone. On the other hand, when the particle diameter is larger than 3 mm, the granulation strength is lowered when the raw material is granulated, and the granulated material is easily broken.

還元剤の添加量は、混合原料中５〜３０質量％が好ましく、１０〜２０質量％がより好ましい。還元剤の添加量がこれより少ないと十分な還元効果が得られず、一方、還元剤の添加量がこよれり多いと、十分な造粒強度が得られないために造粒物が崩れやすく、また焼成時の還元剤の燃焼による空隙が大きくなって骨材強度が低下し、さらには未燃焼部分が残る場合があるので好ましくない。   5-30 mass% is preferable in a mixed raw material, and, as for the addition amount of a reducing agent, 10-20 mass% is more preferable. If the addition amount of the reducing agent is less than this, a sufficient reduction effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the addition amount of the reducing agent is too much, the granulated product tends to collapse because sufficient granulation strength cannot be obtained. In addition, the voids due to the burning of the reducing agent at the time of firing become large, the aggregate strength is lowered, and an unburned portion may remain, which is not preferable.

上記粉末原料に還元剤を混合し、好ましくは顆粒状の還元剤を混合した後に、水ないしバインダーを添加して、数ｍｍ〜十数ｍｍに造粒する。この造粒物を６００℃〜１４５０℃程度の温度、好ましくは８００℃〜１１００℃程度の温度で焼成して人工骨材を製造する。本発明の場合、１１００℃以下の骨材が溶融しない温度で焼成しても六価クロムの溶出の抑制効果が高い。焼成にはトンネルキルン、ローラーハウスキルン、ロータリーキルン等の各種キルン、流動床などを用いることができる。なお、人工骨材の焼成には製造の容易さなどの点から一般にロータリーキルンが用いられている。   A reducing agent is mixed with the powder raw material, and preferably after a granular reducing agent is mixed, water or a binder is added and granulated to several mm to several tens of mm. The granulated product is fired at a temperature of about 600 ° C. to 1450 ° C., preferably at a temperature of about 800 ° C. to 1100 ° C., to produce an artificial aggregate. In the case of the present invention, the effect of suppressing the elution of hexavalent chromium is high even when firing at a temperature at which the aggregate of 1100 ° C. or lower does not melt. Various kilns, such as a tunnel kiln, a roller house kiln, a rotary kiln, a fluidized bed, etc. can be used for baking. In general, rotary kilns are used for firing artificial aggregates from the standpoint of ease of manufacture.

上記製造方法によって、六価クロムの溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌ以下であって、十分な強度を有する人工骨材を得ることができる。   According to the above production method, an artificial bone material having an elution amount of hexavalent chromium of 0.05 mg / L or less and sufficient strength can be obtained.

以下に本発明の実施例を比較試料と共に示す。
なお、六価クロム溶出量は環境庁告示４６号に規定する方法に基づいて溶出操作し、ジフェニルカルバンド吸光光度法によって六価クロム濃度を測定した。
使用原料を表１に示す。原料には造粒結合剤（バインダー）としてベントナイト（ホージュン社製品：商品名「榛名」）を添加した。使用した還元剤を表２に示す。還元剤はコークスと活性炭を使用した。コークスは粒径０.５mm未満、０.５〜３mm、３〜５mmの三種類を用いた。 Examples of the present invention are shown below together with comparative samples.
The elution amount of hexavalent chromium was determined by elution according to the method specified in Environment Agency Notification No. 46, and the hexavalent chromium concentration was measured by diphenyl carbon band absorptiometry.
Table 1 shows the raw materials used. Bentonite (product of Hojun Co., Ltd .: trade name “Haruna”) was added to the raw material as a granulating binder (binder). The reducing agent used is shown in Table 2. Coke and activated carbon were used as the reducing agent. Three types of coke were used with particle sizes of less than 0.5 mm, 0.5-3 mm, and 3-5 mm.

〔実施例１〕
フライアッシュ（表１のフライアッシュＡ）に、表２の還元剤、および結合剤と水を、表２に示す配合量に従って混合し、粒径約１５mmの球形に造粒した。この造粒物を電気炉で１１００℃に焼成して骨材を製造した。焼成温度は１１００℃まで３０分で昇温させ、１１００℃で３分保持した後に、１１００℃から室温まで放冷した。この骨材の六価クロム溶出量を測定した。この結果を表２に示した。 [Example 1]
To the fly ash (fly ash A in Table 1), the reducing agent in Table 2 and the binder and water were mixed according to the blending amounts shown in Table 2, and granulated into a spherical shape having a particle size of about 15 mm. The granulated material was fired at 1100 ° C. in an electric furnace to produce an aggregate. The firing temperature was raised to 1100 ° C. in 30 minutes, held at 1100 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then allowed to cool from 1100 ° C. to room temperature. The amount of hexavalent chromium eluted from this aggregate was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

フライアッシュを原料とし、還元剤を添加しない比較試料No.１の骨材は六価クロムの溶出量が最も多い。コークスの粒径が小さ過ぎる比較試料No.２、No.７の骨材、およびコークスの添加量が少な過ぎる比較試料No.１１の骨材は何れも十分な還元効果が得られないため、六価クロムの溶出量が多く、環境基準値を上回る。一方、コークスの粒径が大き過ぎる比較試料No.４は造粒ができず、コークスの添加量が多過ぎる比較試料No.９の骨材は強度が低い。   The aggregate of comparative sample No. 1 that uses fly ash as a raw material and does not contain a reducing agent has the largest amount of elution of hexavalent chromium. Since the aggregates of comparative samples No. 2 and No. 7 in which the particle size of coke is too small, and the aggregate of comparative sample No. 11 in which the amount of coke added is too small, a sufficient reducing effect cannot be obtained. The amount of valent chromium elution is large and exceeds the environmental standard value. On the other hand, comparative sample No. 4 in which the particle size of coke is too large cannot be granulated, and the aggregate of comparative sample No. 9 in which the amount of coke added is too large has low strength.

一方、本発明試料は、フライアッシュを原料とし、粒径０.５〜３mmのコークスを混合原料中に１０質量％含む試料No.３、粒径１〜３mmの活性炭を混合原料中に１０質量％含む試料No.５、粒径０.５〜３mmのコークスを混合原料中に３０質量％含む試料No.８の骨材は、何れも六価クロム溶出量が検出されず、定量下限値０.０２mg/Ｌ未満であり、六価クロム含有量が極めて少ない。また、粒径０.５〜３mmが８０質量％のコークスを混合原料中に１０質量％含む試料No.６の骨材は六価クロム溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌであり、環境基準値に適合する。   On the other hand, the sample of the present invention uses fly ash as a raw material, sample No. 3 containing 10 mass% of coke having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm in the mixed raw material, and 10 mass of activated carbon having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm in the mixed raw material No sample No. 5 containing 30%, coke with a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm in sample No. 8 containing 30% by mass in the mixed raw material, the elution amount of hexavalent chromium was not detected, and the lower limit of quantification was 0 Less than 0.02 mg / L and extremely low hexavalent chromium content. In addition, the aggregate of sample No. 6 containing 10% by mass of coke having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm of 80% by mass in the mixed raw material has an elution amount of hexavalent chromium of 0.05 mg / L, which is an environmental standard value. Fits.

また、都市ゴミ焼却灰、製紙スラッジ焼却灰、建設残土を原料とする本発明試料No.１２〜１６の骨材は何れも何れも六価クロム溶出量が検出されず、また十分な強度を有する。また、全クロム含有量が多くなるにしたがって六価クロムの溶出量が増加するが（Ｎｏ.１３〜１５）、含有量が２０００ppm以下では環境基準値の０.０５mg/Ｌを下回る。   Moreover, none of the aggregates of the present invention samples Nos. 12 to 16 using municipal waste incineration ash, paper sludge incineration ash, and construction residual soil as raw materials have an adequate amount of hexavalent chromium elution. . Moreover, although the elution amount of hexavalent chromium increases as the total chromium content increases (No. 13 to 15), when the content is 2000 ppm or less, it is lower than the environmental standard value of 0.05 mg / L.

〔実施例２〕
フライアッシュ（表１のフライアッシュＡ）を用い、表３の配合量に従って混合原料を調製し、パンペレタイザーを用いて直径５mm〜１０mmに造粒した。この造粒物を直径１.２ｍ、長さ２０ｍのロータリーキルンを用いて１２００℃で焼成し、骨材を製造した。この骨材の六価クロム溶出量を測定した。この結果を表３に示した。還元剤を添加しない比較試料No.２０の骨材は六価クロム溶出量が０.１８mg/Ｌと多い。一方、還元剤のコークスを添加した本発明試料No.２１の骨材は六価クロム溶出量が０.０３mg/Ｌであり、環境基準値以下である。 [Example 2]
Using fly ash (fly ash A in Table 1), mixed raw materials were prepared according to the blending amounts shown in Table 3, and granulated to a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm using a pan pelletizer. The granulated product was fired at 1200 ° C. using a rotary kiln having a diameter of 1.2 m and a length of 20 m to produce an aggregate. The amount of hexavalent chromium eluted from this aggregate was measured. The results are shown in Table 3. The aggregate of comparative sample No. 20 to which no reducing agent is added has a high hexavalent chromium elution amount of 0.18 mg / L. On the other hand, the aggregate of the present invention sample No. 21 to which coke as a reducing agent is added has a hexavalent chromium elution amount of 0.03 mg / L, which is below the environmental standard value.

Figure 2008273749
Figure 2008273749

Figure 2008273749
Figure 2008273749

Figure 2008273749
Figure 2008273749

Claims (7)

粉末原料に還元剤を加えて造粒し焼成してなる人工骨材であって、六価クロムの溶出量が０.０５mg/Ｌ以下であることを特徴とする人工骨材。
An artificial bone material obtained by adding a reducing agent to a powder raw material, granulating and firing, wherein the elution amount of hexavalent chromium is 0.05 mg / L or less.
粉末原料がクロムを含有する焼却灰または処理土壌からなる廃棄物である請求項１に記載する人工骨材。
The artificial bone material according to claim 1, wherein the powder raw material is waste made of incinerated ash containing chromium or treated soil.
還元剤が顆粒状であり、炭化物燃料ないしプラスチックである請求項１または請求項２に記載する人工骨材。
The artificial bone material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reducing agent is granular and is a carbide fuel or plastic.
クロムを含有する焼却灰または処理土壌からなる廃棄物を原料として用い、顆粒状の還元剤を混合原料中５〜３０質量％になるように混合して造粒し、焼成することを特徴とする人工骨材の製造方法。
Using waste consisting of incinerated ash containing chromium or treated soil as a raw material, granulated reducing agent is mixed and granulated so as to be 5 to 30% by mass in the mixed raw material, and calcined. Manufacturing method of artificial aggregate.
原料として、クロム含有量１００ppm〜２０００ppmの石炭焼却灰、コークス灰、重油灰、ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰、製紙スラッジ焼却灰、廃プラスチック焼却灰、または処理土壌からなる廃棄物を用いる請求項４に記載する製造方法。
Claims using, as raw material, coal incineration ash with a chromium content of 100 ppm to 2000 ppm, coke ash, heavy oil ash, refuse incineration ash, sewage sludge incineration ash, paper sludge incineration ash, waste plastic incineration ash, or waste made of treated soil 4. The production method described in 4.
還元剤として、石炭、コークス、活性炭、木炭、プラスチック、ゴミ固形燃料(ＲＤＦ)の１種または２種以上を用いる請求項４または請求項５に記載する製造方法。
The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein one or more of coal, coke, activated carbon, charcoal, plastic, and solid waste fuel (RDF) are used as the reducing agent.
還元剤として、８０質量％以上が粒径０.５〜３mmの顆粒状還元剤を用いる請求項４〜請求項６の何れかに記載する製造方法。 The production method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a granular reducing agent having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm is used as the reducing agent.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009132565A (en) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-18 Taiheiyo Material Kk Method of manufacturing artificial aggregate
CN103121032A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-05-29 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Method for rapidly removing and recycling hexavalent chromium from chromium-contaminated soil
JP2015163753A (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-10 小松精練株式会社 Block for snow melting
JP2016054948A (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-04-21 昭和電工株式会社 Method of treating hexavalent chromium-containing substance

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009132565A (en) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-18 Taiheiyo Material Kk Method of manufacturing artificial aggregate
CN103121032A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-05-29 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Method for rapidly removing and recycling hexavalent chromium from chromium-contaminated soil
JP2015163753A (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-10 小松精練株式会社 Block for snow melting
JP2016054948A (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-04-21 昭和電工株式会社 Method of treating hexavalent chromium-containing substance

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